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CN107824769B - A kind of method for preparing layered aluminum matrix composite material - Google Patents

A kind of method for preparing layered aluminum matrix composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107824769B
CN107824769B CN201711065756.4A CN201711065756A CN107824769B CN 107824769 B CN107824769 B CN 107824769B CN 201711065756 A CN201711065756 A CN 201711065756A CN 107824769 B CN107824769 B CN 107824769B
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alloy
mass fraction
sic powder
layered
sic
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CN107824769A (en
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赵旗旗
杨文澍
武高辉
乔菁
姜龙涛
陈国钦
张强
康鹏超
修子扬
芶华松
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Shaanxi Nonferrous Composite Metal Material Co ltd
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/04—Casting by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/29—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by profiling or strickling the material in open moulds or on moulding surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method that doctor-blade casting process prepares stratiform aluminum matrix composite in conjunction with pressure infiltration method, is related to a kind of preparation method of laminar composite.The problems such as present invention is the preparation process layer thicknesses modulation process complexity for solving current laminar composite, interfacial combined function is weak and preparation cost is high.Method: one, weighing；Two, prepared by SiC slurry；Three, SiC powder raw cook tape casting；Four, prepared by precast body；Five, degreasing processing and mold preheating；Six, liquid aluminium infiltrates.The structure of laminar composite prepared by the present invention is SiCp/Al composite layer and the alternate laminar composite of aluminum metal layer, and the thickness of composite layer is adjustable, at low cost compared with powder laying method；Composite technology is at low cost compared with rolling.The present invention is suitable for preparation stratiform aluminum matrix composite.

Description

A method of preparing stratiform aluminum matrix composite
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of laminar composite.
Background technique
Non-homogeneous composite material is due to being expected to break through existing with higher resistant to damage tolerance ability and good tough matching The performance boundary of metal-base composites, therefore extensive research has been obtained in recent years, wherein to imitate the laminated metal of clam shell feature Based composites are studied the most deep.
The method of preparation layer structure metal-base composites mainly has powder laying method and rolling etc. at present.Powder paving Layer method first, in accordance with the proportion of setting, ceramic powders are mixed with metal powder, then according still further to composition proportion be laid with And sintering.The price of aluminium powder is 10 times or more of aluminium alloy block price, therefore the composite material cost of raw material is high；Simultaneously because Diameier is usually at 10 μm, therefore when carrying out laying using the composite powder of aluminium alloy and ceramic particle, it is difficult to lay out thickness The composite layer less than 100 μm is spent, composite laminate constructions adjustable range is narrow；In addition powder laying method is mainly closed in aluminium The sintering preparation of composite material, therefore not formed effective atom key between ceramic particle and aluminum substrate are carried out below golden fusing point It closes, binding mechanism is mainly mechanical bond, and interfacial combined function is weaker, so there are the costs of raw material using powder laying method High, the problems such as thickness modification scope is narrow, interfacial combined function is weak.Rolling is to be superimposed composite layer with metal material layer Afterwards, then by the way of rolling deformation thick-layer is become into thin layer.Since composite layer intensity is higher, plasticity is poor, this Composite layer original thickness is usually 1mm or more in kind method, and by repeatedly accumulating rolling, can obtain minimum thickness is about 20 μm of composite layer.Therefore rolling can adjust the thickness of composite laminate constructions in a wider range；Lead to simultaneously Excessive deformation processing can effectively improve the Interface adhesive strength of ceramic phase and aluminum metal substrate in composite material, interface knot It is high to close intensity.But since composite layer deformability is poor, single deformation volume under pressure is usually less than 50%, therefore to obtain Relatively thin composite layer requires heat to 400 DEG C~500 DEG C and handles by 5~10 accumulation rolling deformations, therefore composite wood Expect that complex process, process costs are high；Marginal portion is easy to crack during the rolling process simultaneously, therefore the quality finally obtained is preferable The weight of laminar composite plate be about the 40%~60% of original weight, be lost during composite technology larger.Cause This prepares laminar composite at present, and there are thickness modulation process complexity at high cost, layer structure layer, interfacial combined function are weak The problems such as, it is unfavorable for industrial production.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the preparation process layer thicknesses modulation process complexity for solving current laminar composite, interfacial combined function The problems such as weak and preparation cost is high, proposes that a kind of doctor-blade casting process prepares stratiform aluminum matrix composite in conjunction with pressure infiltration method Method.
A kind of method that doctor-blade casting process prepares stratiform aluminum matrix composite in conjunction with pressure infiltration method specifically presses following step It is rapid to carry out:
One, weighing:
Weigh 5~35 parts of SiC powder, 20~40 parts of solvent, 0.01~0.5 part of dispersion respectively by mass fraction Agent, 5~20 parts of plasticizer, 4.5~69.9 parts of binder and 65~95 parts of aluminum metal are as raw material；
The purity of the SiC powder is greater than 97%, and average grain diameter is 0.3~50 μm；SiC powder is in 3C, 2H, 4H, 6H One or more of any combinations.
The solvent is dehydrated alcohol and n-butanol (0.5~1) in mass ratio: 1 mixture；The purity of dehydrated alcohol > 97%, purity >=99.5% of n-butanol；
The dispersing agent is fish oil；Specially liquid catfish fish oil, purity > 99%；
The plasticizer is tributyl phosphate, purity >=99%；
The binder is polyvinyl butyral resin powder, and granularity is 20~200 mesh；
The aluminum metal is fine aluminium or aluminium alloy block；
The aluminium alloy be Al-Si alloy, made of Al-Cu alloy, Al-Mg alloy, Al-Si-Cu alloy, Al-Si-Mg alloy, Al-Cu-Mg alloy, Al-Zn-Cu alloy, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, Al-Be alloy, Al-Li alloy, Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy One or more of mixture；The mass fraction of Si is 0.5%~25% in the Al-Si alloy；The made of Al-Cu alloy The mass fraction of middle Cu is 0.5%~53%；The mass fraction of Mg is 0.5%~38% in the Al-Mg alloy；Al-Si-Cu The mass fraction that the mass fraction of Si is 0.5%~25%, Cu in alloy is 0.5%~53%；Si in Al-Si-Mg alloy The mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.5%~25%, Mg is 0.5%~38%；The mass fraction of Cu is in Al-Cu-Mg alloy The mass fraction of 0.5%~53%, Mg are 0.5%~38%；In Al-Zn-Cu alloy the mass fraction of Zn be 0.5%~ The mass fraction of 55%, Cu are 0.5%~53%；The mass fraction of Zn is 0.5%~55%, Mg in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy Mass fraction be 0.5%~38%, Cu mass fraction be 0.5%~53%；The mass fraction of Be is in Al-Be alloy 0.5%~20%；The mass fraction of Li is 0.5%~35% in Al-Li alloy；The mass fraction of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy Si The mass fraction that mass fraction for 0.5%~25%, Cu is 0.5%~53%, Mg is 0.5%~38%；
Two, prepared by SiC slurry:
The weighed SiC powder of step 1, solvent and dispersant are obtained into mixed slurry, ultrasound is carried out to mixed slurry Dispersion, the mixed slurry after then dispersing ultrasonic wave are placed in ball mill, and it is 5mm~30mm's that diameter is added into ball mill Alumina balls simultaneously carry out ball milling for the first time, and the weighed plasticizer of step 1 and binder are then added into ball mill and carries out secondary Ball milling obtains SiC slurry；
Ultrasonic power when the progress ultrasonic disperse is 200~400W, and the ultrasonic disperse time is 1~10min；Its In, the purpose of ultrasonic disperse is that obtain SiC powder in SiC powder, solvent and dispersant evenly dispersed in mixed-powder；
It is described progress for the first time ball milling when rotational speed of ball-mill be 10~500r/min, Ball-milling Time be 2~48h；Carry out secondary ball Rotational speed of ball-mill is 10~500r/min when mill, and Ball-milling Time is 24~96h；
Three, SiC powder raw cook tape casting:
The SiC slurry that step 2 is obtained is placed in 1~5min of standing in environment under low pressure, then carries out tape casting and is given birth to Base；Green compact are air-dried to 3 at room temperature~for 24 hours, obtain the stratiform SiC powder raw cook with a thickness of 0.1~2.5mm；
Base band uses polypropylene material during the tape casting, and 0.2~3mm, the traveling of base band is arranged in scraper height Speed is 0.1~10mm/s；
The air pressure of the environment under low pressure be lower than standard atmospheric pressure, specially 1 × 10-1~1 × 105Pa；
Wherein, green compact are air-dried to 3 at room temperature~purpose for 24 hours is to remove the Flux Volatilization in green compact；By SiC Slurry be placed in environment under low pressure stand 1~5min the purpose of be carry out degassing processing, with remove in mechanical milling process introduce slurry gas Bubble；
Four, prepared by precast body:
The resulting SiC powder raw cook of step 3 is cut out, be laminated after be fitted into mold and carry out cold pressing treatment, obtain Stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body；
The technique of the cold pressing treatment are as follows: 0.01MPa~0.2MPa is forced into simultaneously with the pressing speed of 0.1~3mm/min 10~60min of pressure maintaining；Wherein, by adjusting the dwell time, the thickness of aluminum metal layer in adjustable final laminar composite；
Five, degreasing processing and mold preheating:
The mold of the resulting stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating of step 4 is put into heating furnace, is being protected It protects under atmosphere, stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body is heated to 450~600 DEG C and 2~10h of the heat preservation stratiform SiC preheated Powder raw cook precast body；Simultaneously under protective atmosphere, the weighed aluminum metal of step 1 is heated to 250~350 DEG C of fusing point or more, The aluminum metal melted；
The protective atmosphere is nitrogen, argon gas or helium；
Stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body is wherein heated to 450~600 DEG C and the purpose for keeping the temperature 2~10h is to make SiC Organic matter (such as fish oil, binder, plasticizer) in powder raw cook decomposes volatilization；The weighed aluminum metal of step 1 is heated to More than fusing point 250~350 DEG C are to melt aluminum metal, and have preferable mobility energy, aluminum metal can be made in impressed pressure The hole of precast body is filled up completely under effect；And if temperature is excessively high, first is that aluminum metal itself alloying element scaling loss, on the other hand Aluminum metal is also more easier generation deleterious interfacial with SiC and reacts, and can reduce performance instead.
Six, liquid aluminium infiltrates:
The mold for the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating that step 5 obtains is placed on pressing machine table-board, The upper surface that the aluminum metal for the melting that step 5 obtains is cast in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, then carries out Pressure Infiltration processing, after the aluminum metal of melting is infiltrated up to completely in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, with 20~40 DEG C/speed of min is cooling, it finally demoulds, obtains (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite ingot casting, that is, complete；
Applying when Pressure Infiltration processing is 20~50MPa, and the speed of infiltration is 1~3mm/s；
The invention has the benefit that
1, the structure of (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite prepared by the present invention is SiCp/Al composite layer and aluminium gold Belong to the alternate laminar composite of layer, wherein the thickness of SiCp/Al composite layer can be by adjusting tape casting raw cook Thickness is realized to be adjusted in 0.1~2.5mm range；It can make lamellar composite by the dwell time in prefabricated production procedure The thickness of aluminum metal layer is adjusted in 50 μm~200 μ ms in material.
2, the present invention provides a kind of methods that low cost prepares (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite.With powder laying Method is compared, and does not need using the aluminium powder of high price to be raw material, raw material cost is low；Compared with rolling, without passing through complexity Multiple deformation, therefore composite technology is at low cost.
3, the present invention prepares SiC powder raw cook using doctor-blade casting process first, by adjusting the height of scraper to control The thickness of SiC powder raw cook, and then realize the thickness for adjusting SiCp/Al composite layer in (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite Degree, method for controlling thickness is simple and thickness control is accurate；
4, the interface cohesion in powder laying method and rolling is mainly mechanical bond, and interfacial combined function is weaker, and this Invention realizes the thickness of regulation SiC powder raw cook, while liquid aluminium being soaked by controlling scraper height during tape casting It is seeped between the lamella of SiC powder raw cook and inside SiC powder raw cook, because the present invention is at high temperature under high pressure by liquid aluminium Metal is filled between the lamella of stratiform SiC powder raw cook and inside SiC powder raw cook, therefore the combination of SiC and aluminum metal For metallurgical bonding, obtained (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite interface cohesion is excellent；Solve ceramic material and metal not The problem of wetting, reduces compound difficulty, and present invention process specifications compared with powder laying method and rolling are low, raw It is simple to produce equipment, high production efficiency；
5, in (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite prepared by the present invention, SiC particulate content is 5~35%；(SiCp/ Al) density of-Al laminar composite is 2.69~2.85g/cm3, elasticity modulus is 80~135GPa, bending strength 300 ~900MPa, yield strength are 110~450MPa, and tensile strength is 180~700MPa, and elongation percentage is 6~25%；
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the microstructure picture of (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite prepared by embodiment 1；In figure, 1 is aluminium gold Belong to layer, 2 be SiCp/Al composite layer.
Specific embodiment:
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following list, further includes between each specific embodiment Any reasonable combination.
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiment doctor-blade casting process prepares stratiform aluminium base composite wood in conjunction with pressure infiltration method The method of material sequentially includes the following steps:
One, weighing:
Weigh 5~35 parts of SiC powder, 20~40 parts of solvent, 0.01~0.5 part of dispersion respectively by mass fraction Agent, 5~20 parts of plasticizer, 4.5~69.9 parts of binder and 65~95 parts of aluminum metal are as raw material；
The solvent is dehydrated alcohol and n-butanol (0.5~1) in mass ratio: 1 mixture；
The dispersing agent is fish oil；
The plasticizer is tributyl phosphate；
The binder is polyvinyl butyral resin powder；
Two, prepared by SiC slurry:
The weighed SiC powder of step 1, solvent and dispersant are obtained into mixed slurry, ultrasound is carried out to mixed slurry Dispersion, the mixed slurry after then dispersing ultrasonic wave are placed in ball mill, and it is 5mm~30mm's that diameter is added into ball mill Alumina balls simultaneously carry out ball milling for the first time, and the weighed plasticizer of step 1 and binder are then added into ball mill and carries out secondary Ball milling obtains SiC slurry；
Three, SiC powder raw cook tape casting:
The SiC slurry that step 2 is obtained is placed in 1~5min of standing in environment under low pressure, then carries out tape casting and is given birth to Base；Green compact are air-dried to 3 at room temperature~for 24 hours, obtain the stratiform SiC powder raw cook with a thickness of 0.1~2.5mm；
Four, prepared by precast body:
The resulting SiC powder raw cook of step 3 is cut out, be laminated after be fitted into mold and carry out cold pressing treatment, obtain Stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body；
The technique of the cold pressing treatment are as follows: 0.01MPa~0.2MPa is forced into simultaneously with the pressing speed of 0.1~3mm/min 10~60min of pressure maintaining；
Five, degreasing processing and mold preheating:
The mold of the resulting stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating of step 4 is put into heating furnace, is being protected It protects under atmosphere, stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body is heated to 450~600 DEG C and 2~10h of the heat preservation stratiform SiC preheated Powder raw cook precast body；Simultaneously under protective atmosphere, the weighed aluminum metal of step 1 is heated to 250~350 DEG C of fusing point or more, The aluminum metal melted；
Six, liquid aluminium infiltrates:
The mold for the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating that step 5 obtains is placed on pressing machine table-board, The upper surface that the aluminum metal for the melting that step 5 obtains is cast in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, then carries out Pressure Infiltration processing, after the aluminum metal of melting is infiltrated up to completely in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, with 20~40 DEG C/speed of min is cooling, it finally demoulds, obtains (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite ingot casting, that is, complete；
Present embodiment has the beneficial effect that
1, present embodiment preparation (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite structure be SiCp/Al composite layer with The alternate laminar composite of aluminum metal layer, wherein the thickness of SiCp/Al composite layer can be raw by adjusting tape casting The thickness of piece is realized to be adjusted in 0.1~2.5mm range；It can make stratiform by the dwell time in prefabricated production procedure The thickness of aluminum metal layer is adjusted in 50 μm~200 μ ms in composite material.
2, present embodiments provide for a kind of methods that low cost prepares (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite.With powder Laying method is compared, and does not need using the aluminium powder of high price to be raw material, raw material cost is low；Compared with rolling, without passing through Complicated multiple deformation, therefore composite technology is at low cost.
3, present embodiment prepares SiC powder raw cook using doctor-blade casting process first, by adjust the height of scraper to The thickness of SiC powder raw cook is controlled, and then realizes and adjusts SiCp/Al composite layer in (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite Thickness, method for controlling thickness is simple and thickness control is accurate；
4, the interface cohesion in powder laying method and rolling is mainly mechanical bond, and interfacial combined function is weaker, and this Embodiment realizes the thickness of regulation SiC powder raw cook, while by liquid by controlling scraper height during tape casting Aluminium is infiltrated up between the lamella of SiC powder raw cook and inside SiC powder raw cook, because present embodiment is at high temperature under high pressure Liquid aluminum metal is filled between the lamella of stratiform SiC powder raw cook and inside SiC powder raw cook, therefore SiC and aluminium gold What is belonged to is combined into metallurgical bonding, and obtained (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite interface cohesion is excellent；Solves ceramic material With the non-wetted problem of metal, compound difficulty, and present embodiment technique compared with powder laying method and rolling are reduced Technical requirements are low, and production equipment is simple, high production efficiency；
5, in (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite prepared by the present invention, SiC particulate content is 5~35%；(SiCp/ Al) density of-Al laminar composite is 2.69~2.85g/cm3, elasticity modulus is 80~135GPa, bending strength 300 ~900MPa, yield strength are 110~450MPa, and tensile strength is 180~700MPa, and elongation percentage is 6~25%；
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: SiC powder described in step 1 Purity be greater than 97%, average grain diameter be 0.3~50 μm；SiC powder is any ratio of one or more of 3C, 2H, 4H, 6H Combination.Other steps and parameter are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that: aluminium described in step 1 Metal is fine aluminium or aluminium alloy block；The aluminium alloy is Al-Si alloy, made of Al-Cu alloy, Al-Mg alloy, Al-Si-Cu conjunction Gold, Al-Si-Mg alloy, Al-Cu-Mg alloy, Al-Zn-Cu alloy, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, Al-Be alloy, Al-Li are closed The mixture of one or more of gold, Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy；In the Al-Si alloy mass fraction of Si be 0.5%~ 25%；The mass fraction of Cu is 0.5%~53% in the made of Al-Cu alloy；The mass fraction of Mg is in the Al-Mg alloy 0.5%~38%；The mass fraction that the mass fraction of Si is 0.5%~25%, Cu in Al-Si-Cu alloy is 0.5%~ 53%；The mass fraction that the mass fraction of Si is 0.5%~25%, Mg in Al-Si-Mg alloy is 0.5%~38%；Al-Cu- The mass fraction that the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5%~53%, Mg in Mg alloy is 0.5%~38%；Zn in Al-Zn-Cu alloy Mass fraction be 0.5%~55%, Cu mass fraction be 0.5%~53%；The quality of Zn point in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy The mass fraction that the mass fraction that number is 0.5%~55%, Mg is 0.5%~38%, Cu is 0.5%~53%；Al-Be alloy The mass fraction of middle Be is 0.5%~20%；The mass fraction of Li is 0.5%~35% in Al-Li alloy；Al-Si-Cu-Mg The mass fraction that the mass fraction that the mass fraction of alloy Si is 0.5%~25%, Cu is 0.5%~53%, Mg is 0.5%~ 38%.Other steps and parameter are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three: institute in step 2 Stating ultrasonic power when carrying out ultrasonic disperse is 200~400W, and the ultrasonic disperse time is 1~10min.Other steps and parameter It is identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment 5: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four: institute in step 2 Stating rotational speed of ball-mill when carrying out ball milling for the first time is 10~500r/min, and Ball-milling Time is 2~48h；Ball milling when secondary ball milling is carried out to turn Speed is 10~500r/min, and Ball-milling Time is 24~96h.Other steps and one of parameter and specific embodiment one to four phase Together.
Specific embodiment 6: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five: institute in step 3 Base band is stated during tape casting using polypropylene material, scraper height is arranged 0.2~3mm, and the travel speed of base band is 0.1~ 10mm/s.Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment 7: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to six:: institute in step 3 The air pressure of environment under low pressure is stated lower than standard atmospheric pressure, specially 1 × 10-1~1 × 105Pa.Other steps and parameter and specific reality It is identical to apply one of mode one to six.
Specific embodiment 8: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to seven: institute in step 5 Stating protective atmosphere is nitrogen, argon gas or helium.Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to seven.
Specific embodiment 9: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to eight: institute in step 6 Applying when stating Pressure Infiltration processing is 20~50MPa, and the speed of infiltration is 1~3mm/s.Other steps and parameter and specific reality It is identical to apply one of mode one to eight.
Specific embodiment 10: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to nine: institute in step 1 The granularity for stating binder is 20~200 mesh.Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to nine.
Specific embodiment 11: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to ten: in step 1 Purity > 97% of the dehydrated alcohol.Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to ten.
Specific embodiment 12: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment one to one of 11: step 1 Described in n-butanol purity >=99.5%.Other steps and parameter are identical as specific embodiment one to one of 11.
Specific embodiment 13: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment one to one of 12: step 1 Described in fish oil be specially liquid catfish fish oil, purity > 99%.Other steps and parameter and specific embodiment one to 12 it One is identical.
Specific embodiment 14: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment one to one of 13: step 1 Described in tributyl phosphate purity >=99%.Other steps and parameter are identical as specific embodiment one to one of 13.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using following embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method that doctor-blade casting process prepares stratiform aluminum matrix composite in conjunction with pressure infiltration method specifically presses following step It is rapid to carry out:
One, weighing:
Weigh 25 parts of SiC powder, 30 parts of solvent, 0.3 part of dispersing agent, 10 parts of plasticising respectively by mass fraction Agent, 34.7 parts of binder and 75 parts of aluminum metal are as raw material；
The purity of the SiC powder is 97.4%, and average grain diameter is 10 μm；SiC powder is 3C-SiC powder；
The solvent is dehydrated alcohol and the n-butanol mixture of 0.5:1 in mass ratio；The purity of dehydrated alcohol is 98%, The purity of n-butanol is 99.5%；
The dispersing agent is fish oil；Specially liquid catfish fish oil, purity 99.5%；
The plasticizer is tributyl phosphate, purity 99.5%；
The binder is polyvinyl butyral resin powder, and granularity is 100 mesh；
The aluminum metal is Al-Si-Mg alloy；The mass fraction that wherein mass fraction of Si is 10%, Mg is 10%；
Two, prepared by SiC slurry:
The weighed SiC powder of step 1, solvent and dispersant are obtained into mixed slurry, ultrasound is carried out to mixed slurry Dispersion, the mixed slurry after then dispersing ultrasonic wave are placed in ball mill, and the aluminium oxide that diameter is 5mm is added into ball mill Ball simultaneously carries out ball milling for the first time, and the weighed plasticizer of step 1 and binder are then added into ball mill and carries out secondary ball milling, Obtain SiC slurry；
Ultrasonic power when the progress ultrasonic disperse is 200W, and the ultrasonic disperse time is 5min；The progress is for the first time Rotational speed of ball-mill is 300r/min, Ball-milling Time 12h when ball milling；Carrying out rotational speed of ball-mill when secondary ball milling is 250r/min, ball milling Time is 48h；
Three, SiC powder raw cook tape casting:
The SiC slurry that step 2 is obtained, which is placed in environment under low pressure, stands 3min, then carries out tape casting and obtains green compact； Green compact are air-dried 8h at room temperature, obtain the stratiform SiC powder raw cook with a thickness of 0.4mm；
Base band uses polypropylene material during the tape casting, and 2mm is arranged in scraper height, and the travel speed of base band is 5mm/s；
The air pressure of the environment under low pressure be lower than standard atmospheric pressure, specially 1 × 103Pa；
Four, prepared by precast body:
The resulting SiC powder raw cook of step 3 is cut out, be laminated after be fitted into mold and carry out cold pressing treatment, obtain Stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body；
The technique of the cold pressing treatment are as follows: 0.05MPa and pressure maintaining 30min are forced into the pressing speed of 2mm/min；
Five, degreasing processing and mold preheating:
The mold of the resulting stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating of step 4 is put into heating furnace, is being protected It protects under atmosphere, stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body is heated to 500 DEG C and keeps the temperature the stratiform SiC powder raw cook that 3h preheated Precast body；Simultaneously under protective atmosphere, the weighed aluminum metal of step 1 is heated to 280 DEG C of fusing point or more, the aluminium melted Metal；
The protective atmosphere is helium；
Six, liquid aluminium infiltrates:
The mold for the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating that step 5 obtains is placed on pressing machine table-board, The upper surface that the aluminum metal for the melting that step 5 obtains is cast in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, then carries out Pressure Infiltration processing, after the aluminum metal of melting is infiltrated up to completely in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, with 30 DEG C/ The speed of min is cooling, finally demoulds, obtains (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite ingot casting, that is, complete；
Applying when Pressure Infiltration processing is 40MPa, and the speed of infiltration is 2mm/s；
Stratiform aluminum matrix composite (SiCp/Al)-Al, through detecting, density 2.78g/ are prepared in the present embodiment cm3, consistency 98.5%, elasticity modulus 105GPa, bending strength 700MPa, yield strength 235MPa, stretching is by force Degree is 363MPa, elongation percentage 21%.Fig. 1 is the microstructure of (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite prepared by embodiment 1 Picture；In figure, 1 is Al metal layer, and 2 be SiCp/Al composite layer.From the figure, it can be seen that SiCp/Al composite layer and Al metal layer is alternately arranged, and is layer structure.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method that doctor-blade casting process prepares stratiform aluminum matrix composite in conjunction with pressure infiltration method specifically presses following step It is rapid to carry out:
One, weighing:
Weigh 35 parts of SiC powder, 40 parts of solvent, 0.05 part of dispersing agent, 20 parts of plasticising respectively by mass fraction Agent, 4.95 parts of binder and 65 parts of aluminum metal are as raw material；
The purity of the SiC powder is 97.9%, and average grain diameter is 5 μm；SiC powder is 6H-SiC powder；
The solvent is dehydrated alcohol and the n-butanol mixture of 1:1 in mass ratio；The purity of dehydrated alcohol is 98%, just The purity of butanol is 99.5%；
The dispersing agent is fish oil；Specially liquid catfish fish oil, purity 99.5%；
The plasticizer is tributyl phosphate, purity 99.5%；
The binder is polyvinyl butyral resin powder, and granularity is 100 mesh；
Aluminum metal described in step 1 is that aluminum metal described in step 1 is Al-Cu-Mg alloy；The wherein mass fraction of Cu Mass fraction for 2.5%, Mg is 3%；
Two, prepared by SiC slurry:
The weighed SiC powder of step 1, solvent and dispersant are obtained into mixed slurry, ultrasound is carried out to mixed slurry Dispersion, the mixed slurry after then dispersing ultrasonic wave are placed in ball mill, and the oxidation that diameter is 20mm is added into ball mill Aluminium ball simultaneously carries out ball milling for the first time, and the weighed plasticizer of step 1 and binder are then added into ball mill and carries out secondary ball Mill, obtains SiC slurry；
Ultrasonic power when the progress ultrasonic disperse is 400W, and the ultrasonic disperse time is 1min；The progress is for the first time Rotational speed of ball-mill is 320r/min, Ball-milling Time 16h when ball milling；Carrying out rotational speed of ball-mill when secondary ball milling is 300r/min, ball milling Time is 50h；
Three, SiC powder raw cook tape casting:
The SiC slurry that step 2 is obtained, which is placed in environment under low pressure, stands 4min, then carries out tape casting and obtains green compact； Green compact are air-dried 8h at room temperature, obtain the stratiform SiC powder raw cook with a thickness of 0.2mm；
Base band uses polypropylene material during the tape casting, and 1.5mm, the travel speed of base band is arranged in scraper height For 5mm/s；
The air pressure of the environment under low pressure be lower than standard atmospheric pressure, specially 1 × 104Pa；
Four, prepared by precast body:
The resulting SiC powder raw cook of step 3 is cut out, be laminated after be fitted into mold and carry out cold pressing treatment, obtain Stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body；
The technique of the cold pressing treatment are as follows: 0.18MPa and pressure maintaining 50min are forced into the pressing speed of 2mm/min；
Five, degreasing processing and mold preheating:
The mold of the resulting stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating of step 4 is put into heating furnace, is being protected It protects under atmosphere, stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body is heated to 550 DEG C and keeps the temperature the stratiform SiC powder raw cook that 10h preheated Precast body；Simultaneously under protective atmosphere, the weighed aluminum metal of step 1 is heated to 330 DEG C of fusing point or more, the aluminium melted Metal；
The protective atmosphere is argon gas；
Six, liquid aluminium infiltrates:
The mold for the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating that step 5 obtains is placed on pressing machine table-board, The upper surface that the aluminum metal for the melting that step 5 obtains is cast in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, then carries out Pressure Infiltration processing, after the aluminum metal of melting is infiltrated up to completely in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, with 30 DEG C/ The speed of min is cooling, finally demoulds, obtains (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite ingot casting, that is, complete；
Applying when Pressure Infiltration processing is 35MPa, and the speed of infiltration is 2mm/s；
Stratiform aluminum matrix composite (SiCp/Al)-Al, through detecting, density 2.75g/ are prepared in the present embodiment cm3, consistency 97.9%, elasticity modulus 135GPa, bending strength 882MPa, yield strength 437MPa, stretching is by force Degree is 695MPa, elongation percentage 6.5%.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of method that doctor-blade casting process prepares stratiform aluminum matrix composite in conjunction with pressure infiltration method specifically presses following step It is rapid to carry out:
One, weighing:
Weigh 35 parts of SiC powder, 40 parts of solvent, 0.05 part of dispersing agent, 20 parts of plasticising respectively by mass fraction Agent, 4.95 parts of binder and 65 parts of aluminum metal are as raw material；
The purity of the SiC powder is greater than 97.4%, and average grain diameter is 5 μm；SiC powder is 6H-SiC powder；
The solvent is dehydrated alcohol and the n-butanol mixture of 1:1 in mass ratio；The purity of dehydrated alcohol is 98%, just The purity of butanol is 99.5%；
The dispersing agent is fish oil；Specially liquid catfish fish oil, purity 99.5%；
The plasticizer is tributyl phosphate, purity 99.5%；
The binder is polyvinyl butyral resin powder, and granularity is 100 mesh；
Aluminum metal described in step 1 is that aluminum metal described in step 1 is Al-Cu-Mg alloy；The wherein mass fraction of Cu Mass fraction for 2.5%, Mg is 3%；
Two, prepared by SiC slurry:
The weighed SiC powder of step 1, solvent and dispersant are obtained into mixed slurry, ultrasound is carried out to mixed slurry Dispersion, the mixed slurry after then dispersing ultrasonic wave are placed in ball mill, and the oxidation that diameter is 20mm is added into ball mill Aluminium ball simultaneously carries out ball milling for the first time, and the weighed plasticizer of step 1 and binder are then added into ball mill and carries out secondary ball Mill, obtains SiC slurry；
Ultrasonic power when the progress ultrasonic disperse is 400W, and the ultrasonic disperse time is 1min；The progress is for the first time Rotational speed of ball-mill is 320r/min, Ball-milling Time 16h when ball milling；Carrying out rotational speed of ball-mill when secondary ball milling is 300r/min, ball milling Time is 50h；
Three, SiC powder raw cook tape casting:
The SiC slurry that step 2 is obtained, which is placed in environment under low pressure, stands 4min, then carries out tape casting and obtains green compact； Green compact are air-dried 8h at room temperature, obtain the stratiform SiC powder raw cook with a thickness of 0.2mm；
Base band uses polypropylene material during the tape casting, and 1.5mm, the travel speed of base band is arranged in scraper height For 5mm/s；
The air pressure of the environment under low pressure be lower than standard atmospheric pressure, specially 1 × 104Pa；
Four, prepared by precast body:
The resulting SiC powder raw cook of step 3 is cut out, be laminated after be fitted into mold and carry out cold pressing treatment, obtain Stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body；
The technique of the cold pressing treatment are as follows: 0.18MPa and pressure maintaining 50min are forced into the pressing speed of 2mm/min；
Five, degreasing processing and mold preheating:
The mold of the resulting stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating of step 4 is put into heating furnace, is being protected It protects under atmosphere, stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body is heated to 550 DEG C and keeps the temperature the stratiform SiC powder raw cook that 10h preheated Precast body；Simultaneously under protective atmosphere, the weighed aluminum metal of step 1 is heated to 330 DEG C of fusing point or more, the aluminium melted Metal；
The protective atmosphere is argon gas；
Six, liquid aluminium infiltrates:
The mold for the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body equipped with preheating that step 5 obtains is placed on pressing machine table-board, The upper surface that the aluminum metal for the melting that step 5 obtains is cast in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, then carries out Pressure Infiltration processing, after the aluminum metal of melting is infiltrated up to completely in the stratiform SiC powder raw cook precast body of preheating, with 30 DEG C/ The speed of min is cooling, finally demoulds, obtains (SiCp/Al)-Al laminar composite ingot casting, that is, complete；
Applying when Pressure Infiltration processing is 35MPa, and the speed of infiltration is 2mm/s；
Stratiform aluminum matrix composite (SiCp/Al)-Al, through detecting, density 2.72g/ are prepared in the present embodiment cm3, consistency 98.5%, elasticity modulus 81.2GPa, bending strength 314MPa, yield strength 112MPa, stretching is by force Degree is 187MPa, elongation percentage 24.7%.

Claims (10)

1.一种流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：该方法按以下步骤进行：1. a method for preparing a layered aluminum-based composite material in combination with a tape casting method and a pressure infiltration method, is characterized in that: the method is carried out according to the following steps: 一、称料：1. Weighing: 按质量份数分别称取5～35份的SiC粉末、20～40份的溶剂、0.01～0.5份的分散剂、5～20份的增塑剂、4.5～69.9份的粘结剂和65～95份的铝金属作为原料；Weigh out 5-35 parts of SiC powder, 20-40 parts of solvent, 0.01-0.5 parts of dispersant, 5-20 parts of plasticizer, 4.5-69.9 parts of binder and 65-65 parts of 95 parts of aluminum metal as raw material; 所述溶剂为无水乙醇和正丁醇按质量比(0.5～1):1的混合物；Described solvent is the mixture of absolute ethanol and n-butanol by mass ratio (0.5～1): 1; 所述分散剂为鱼油；The dispersant is fish oil; 所述增塑剂为磷酸三丁酯；The plasticizer is tributyl phosphate; 所述粘结剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂粉末；The binder is polyvinyl butyral resin powder; 二、SiC浆料制备：2. Preparation of SiC slurry: 将步骤一称取的SiC粉末、溶剂和分散剂混合得到混合浆料，对混合浆料进行超声分散，然后将超声波分散后的混合浆料置于球磨机中，向球磨机中加入直径为5mm～30mm的氧化铝球并进行首次球磨，然后向球磨机内加入步骤一称取的增塑剂和粘结剂并进行二次球磨，得到SiC浆料；Mix the SiC powder, solvent and dispersant weighed in step 1 to obtain a mixed slurry, ultrasonically disperse the mixed slurry, then place the ultrasonically dispersed mixed slurry in a ball mill, and add a diameter of 5mm to 30mm to the ball mill. Alumina balls were produced and ball-milled for the first time, and then the plasticizer and binder weighed in step 1 were added to the ball mill and ball-milled for the second time to obtain SiC slurry; 三、SiC粉末生片流延成型：3. Tape casting of SiC powder green sheets: 将步骤二得到的SiC浆料置于低压环境中静置1～5min，然后进行流延成型得到生坯；将生坯在室温下空气干燥3～24h，得到厚度为0.1～2.5mm的层状SiC粉末生片；The SiC slurry obtained in step 2 is placed in a low pressure environment for 1 to 5 minutes, and then tape-casting is performed to obtain a green body; the green body is air-dried at room temperature for 3 to 24 hours to obtain a layer with a thickness of 0.1 to 2.5 mm. SiC powder green sheet; 四、预制体制备：4. Preform preparation: 将步骤三所得的SiC粉末生片进行剪裁、层叠之后装入模具中进行冷压处理，得到层状SiC粉末生片预制体；The SiC powder green sheet obtained in step 3 is cut and stacked, and then loaded into a mold for cold pressing to obtain a layered SiC powder green sheet preform; 所述冷压处理的工艺为：以0.1～3mm/min的加压速度加压至0.01MPa～0.2MPa并保压10～60min；The cold pressing process is as follows: pressurizing to 0.01MPa-0.2MPa at a pressurizing speed of 0.1-3mm/min and maintaining the pressure for 10-60min; 五、去脂处理及模具预热：5. Degreasing treatment and mold preheating: 将步骤四所得的装有预热的层状SiC粉末生片预制体的模具放入加热炉内，在保护气氛下，将层状SiC粉末生片预制体加热到450～600℃并保温2～10h得到预热的层状SiC粉末生片预制体；同时在保护气氛下，将步骤一称取的铝金属加热至熔点以上250～350℃，得到熔融的铝金属；Put the mold containing the preheated layered SiC powder green sheet preform obtained in step 4 into the heating furnace, and under a protective atmosphere, heat the layered SiC powder green sheet preform to 450～600 ℃ and keep the temperature for 2～ 10h to obtain a preheated layered SiC powder green sheet preform; at the same time, under a protective atmosphere, the aluminum metal weighed in step 1 is heated to 250-350° C. above the melting point to obtain molten aluminum metal; 六、液态铝浸渗：6. Liquid aluminum impregnation: 将步骤五得到的装有预热的层状SiC粉末生片预制体的模具置于压力机台面上，将步骤五得到的熔融的铝金属浇铸在预热的层状SiC粉末生片预制体的上表面，然后进行压力浸渗处理，当熔融的铝金属完全浸渗到预热的层状SiC粉末生片预制体中后，以20～40℃/min的速度冷却，最后脱模，得到(SiCp/Al)-Al层状复合材料铸锭，即完成。The mold containing the preheated layered SiC powder green sheet preform obtained in step 5 is placed on the press table, and the molten aluminum metal obtained in step 5 is cast on the preheated layered SiC powder green sheet preform. The upper surface is then subjected to pressure infiltration treatment. When the molten aluminum metal is completely infiltrated into the preheated layered SiC powder green sheet preform, it is cooled at a speed of 20-40 °C/min, and finally demolded to obtain ( The ingot of SiCp/Al)-Al layered composite material is completed. 2.根据权利要求1所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤一中所述SiC粉末的纯度大于97％，平均粒径为0.3～50μm；SiC粉末为3C、2H、4H、6H中的一种或几种的任意比组合。2. the method for preparing the layered aluminum matrix composite material by combining the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the purity of the SiC powder described in the step 1 is greater than 97%, and the average particle size is 0.3 ~50μm; SiC powder is one or more of 3C, 2H, 4H, and 6H in any ratio combination. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤一中所述铝金属为纯铝或铝合金块体；所述铝合金为Al-Si合金、Al-Cu合金、Al-Mg合金、Al-Si-Cu合金、Al-Si-Mg合金、Al-Cu-Mg合金、Al-Zn-Cu合金、Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金、Al-Be合金、Al-Li合金、Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金中的一种或几种的混合物；所述Al-Si合金中Si的质量分数为0.5％～25％；所述Al-Cu合金中Cu的质量分数为0.5％～53％；所述Al-Mg合金中Mg的质量分数为0.5％～38％；Al-Si-Cu合金中Si的质量分数为0.5％～25％，Cu的质量分数为0.5％～53％；Al-Si-Mg合金中Si的质量分数为0.5％～25％，Mg的质量分数为0.5％～38％；Al-Cu-Mg合金中Cu的质量分数为0.5％～53％，Mg的质量分数为0.5％～38％；Al-Zn-Cu合金中Zn的质量分数为0.5％～55％，Cu的质量分数为0.5％～53％；Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金中Zn的质量分数为0.5％～55％，Mg的质量分数为0.5％～38％，Cu的质量分数为0.5％～53％；Al-Be合金中Be的质量分数为0.5％～20％；Al-Li合金中Li的质量分数为0.5％～35％；Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金Si的质量分数为0.5％～25％，Cu的质量分数为0.5％～53％，Mg的质量分数为0.5％～38％。3. The method for preparing a layered aluminum matrix composite material according to the combination of the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the aluminum metal described in the step 1 is pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy block; The aluminum alloy is Al-Si alloy, Al-Cu alloy, Al-Mg alloy, Al-Si-Cu alloy, Al-Si-Mg alloy, Al-Cu-Mg alloy, Al-Zn-Cu alloy, Al- A mixture of one or more of Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, Al-Be alloy, Al-Li alloy and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy; the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si alloy is 0.5%～ 25%; the mass fraction of Cu in the Al-Cu alloy is 0.5% to 53%; the mass fraction of Mg in the Al-Mg alloy is 0.5% to 38%; the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si-Cu alloy In the Al-Si-Mg alloy, the mass fraction of Si is 0.5% to 25%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5% to 38%; -The mass fraction of Cu in the Mg alloy is 0.5% to 53%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5% to 38%; the mass fraction of Zn in the Al-Zn-Cu alloy is 0.5% to 55%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5% %～53%; the mass fraction of Zn in the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is 0.5%～55%, the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5%～38%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5%～53%; Al-Be The mass fraction of Be in the alloy is 0.5% to 20%; the mass fraction of Li in the Al-Li alloy is 0.5% to 35%; the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy is 0.5% to 25%, and the mass fraction of Cu The mass fraction is 0.5% to 53%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5% to 38%. 4.根据权利要求3所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤二中所述进行超声分散时的超声波功率为200～400W，超声分散时间为1～10min。4. The method for preparing a layered aluminum matrix composite material by combining the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the ultrasonic power during ultrasonic dispersion described in step 2 is 200-400W, and the ultrasonic wave The dispersion time is 1 to 10 minutes. 5.根据权利要求1、2或4所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤二中所述进行首次球磨时球磨转速为10～500r/min，球磨时间为2～48h；进行二次球磨时球磨转速为10～500r/min，球磨时间为24～96h。5. the method for preparing the layered aluminum matrix composite material according to the combination of the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 1, 2 or 4, it is characterized in that: the ball milling speed is 10～ 500r/min, the ball milling time is 2~48h; when the secondary ball milling is performed, the ball milling speed is 10~500r/min, and the ball milling time is 24~96h. 6.根据权利要求5所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤三中所述流延成型过程中基带采用聚丙烯材质，刮刀高度设置0.2～3mm，基带的行进速度为0.1～10mm/s。6. the method for preparing the layered aluminum matrix composite material by combining the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in the process of tape casting described in the step 3, the base band adopts polypropylene material, and the height of the scraper is high. Set 0.2 to 3 mm, and the travel speed of the baseband is 0.1 to 10 mm/s. 7.根据权利要求6所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤三中所述低压环境的气压低于标准大气压，具体为1×10-1～1×105Pa。7. The method for preparing a layered aluminum matrix composite material by combining the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the air pressure of the low pressure environment described in the step 3 is lower than the standard atmospheric pressure, specifically 1× 10 -1 to 1×10 5 Pa. 8.根据权利要求7所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤五中所述保护气氛为氮气、氩气或氦气。8 . The method for preparing a layered aluminum-based composite material by combining the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 7 , wherein the protective atmosphere in step 5 is nitrogen, argon or helium. 9 . 9.根据权利要求8所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤六中所述压力浸渗处理时施加的为20～50MPa，浸渗的速度为1～3mm/s。9 . The method for preparing a layered aluminum matrix composite material according to the combination of the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 8 , wherein the pressure infiltration treatment in the step 6 applies 20 to 50 MPa, and the impregnation The speed of infiltration is 1 to 3 mm/s. 10.根据权利要求9所述流延成型法与压力浸渗法结合制备层状铝基复合材料的方法，其特征在于：步骤一中所述粘结剂的粒度为20～200目。10 . The method for preparing a layered aluminum matrix composite material by combining the tape casting method and the pressure infiltration method according to claim 9 , wherein the particle size of the binder in step 1 is 20-200 meshes. 11 .
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