CN107764177B - System and method for monitoring dynamic gap width of subway switch machine indication rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring system and a monitoring method for the width of a dynamic gap of a subway switch indication rod. The structure and time dual-redundancy displacement detection improves the reliability of monitoring the gap width; the working and fraud intervals of the width of the bead-bumping notch are properly increased, and the requirements of safety and operation and maintenance are considered; based on the dynamic gap width concept, according to the static gap width and the spacious movement amplitude, the change from planning/fault maintenance to state/prevention maintenance is promoted without alarming, early warning, alarming and alarming, and the reliability and the usability of the gap width monitoring system are further improved. The set/reset indicates the moisture protection of the circuit and the standardization of the communication protocol, so that the reliable availability of the gap width monitoring system is higher.

Description

Monitoring system and method for expressing bar dynamic notch width of subway switch machine

technical field

The invention belongs to the monitoring technology category of subway switch machines. In particular, it refers to a quantitative/sexual combined displacement sensor using eddy current/ball-on-ball electrical contacts, and a monitoring system and method for the dynamic notch width of a rod, which considers the pin shaft to move.

Background technique

In October 2012, Hangzhou Metro Line 1 with a total length of 48km was put into operation, with an average daily passenger flow of 232,400 people that year. The standard subway trains use AC frequency conversion B-type cars, with six groups, four-movement and two-trailer, with a capacity of 1,240 people; the design maximum speed is 80km per hour, and the travel interval is ≥120s. In 2017, there were about 46 trains on Line 1 during peak hours; 36 trains went up and down during off-peak hours; it is evident that the line is busy. The subway has a large passenger capacity, saves land, is safe, punctual, fast, comfortable, and environmentally friendly; it has the unparalleled advantages of any ground transportation. The long-term problem of the public transportation sharing rate that has plagued the whole society has continued to decline, and finally ushered in the dilemma-breaker-the subway. In 2000, the average speed of ground buses in Hangzhou was 15.3km per hour, and the travel sharing rate was 22.2%; In 2012, the speed and sharing rate stopped falling and stabilized. In 2013, the subway transported 84.831 million person-times; the share rate that year counterattacked +3.20%, reversing the declining trend of bus travel in one fell swoop. In 2014, the subway transported 144.504 million passengers; in 2015, 176.295 million passengers. In 2022, ten subway lines in Hangzhou will be put into operation, with a total mileage of 192km covering 9 districts in the city. From 2013 to 2016, the chronic problem of traffic congestion in Hangzhou has shown an overall improvement in alleviation; subway congestion has been greatly contributed to!

With the increase in the density of subway trains, public attention has turned to driving safety. The turnout conversion equipment belonging to the electrical trackside equipment directly contacts the wheel and rail, and is the intersection and separation node of the subway line; as the throat of the subway line, the turnout conversion equipment is the weak link of the line and the point of frequent accidents; statistics show that the subway ≥ 50% of accidents originate from switch conversion equipment. Therefore, the switch conversion equipment is not only related to the passing capacity of the line, but also becomes the key to driving safety. Turnout conversion equipment involves turnouts and switch machines; in 1825, the turnout came out, and it deserves its name. Its material selection, structure and operation and maintenance are mature and reliable; electric switch machines are not. The switch machine has been subjected to the impact of the car for many years, the crawling of the rail and the mechanical wear, the environmental erosion of the material aging and the change of temperature and humidity; once the turnout action is not in place, the switch is broken, and the switch is not unlocked, the consequences are unimaginable. The switch machine has three basic functions: switch switching, locking and expressing; switch switching is implemented in three steps: responding to dispatch instructions, pushing/pulling the pointed rail or movable heart rail, from fixed/reverse position to reverse/positioning (line copulation separation).

The mechanical and electrical structure of the switch machine is complex, the working environment is harsh, and the number of installations is large and spread across the entire subway line, resulting in the unsatisfactory reliability of the switch machine. On the other hand, under high-frequency and high-intensity operating conditions, the reliability of the switch machine faces the pressure from the operation; in 2017, the set/reverse operation of the switch machine at the Hangzhou Metro Passenger Transport Center Station was ≥ 200 times/day; in 2022 , the day when all ten subway lines are put into operation, when the operating intensity of the switch machine is doubled - the second pressure of reliability, "Alexander"! Third, the switch machine is always in working condition when the subway is in operation, and the maintenance can only be carried out during the "skylight" period of outage; the reliability has to bear the pressure of operation and maintenance - three mountains! In view of the lack of reliable availability of the switch machine, the Ministry of Railways promulgated the "Technical Standard for Signal Maintenance Rules", which stipulates that "the condition of the switch must be equipped with dynamic monitoring equipment to monitor the operating status of the switch machine in real time to ensure the safety of train operation", "dynamic "Monitoring Equipment" is designed to make up for and support the lack of reliability of the switch machine. Well-known switch machine monitoring systems include German Rodamaster2000, French SURVAIG, Henan Brilliant Technology Co., Ltd. TJWX-2006, etc.

The switch machine monitoring system monitors the notch width of the pole and the switching force of the action pole in real time to ensure the switching performance and driving safety of the switch. The switch machine action rod, point rail connecting iron, point rail, detection rod, indicating connecting rod and indicating rod are all connected by pin shafts to directly measure the switching force of the switch machine. The force sensor in the shape of a "pin", the disassembly and assembly of the switch machine is an unavoidable hurdle; the direct measurement method of the sensor installation has many "artificial" factors and large deviations, and the disassembly and assembly of the switch machine is limited by site conditions and unsafe; so the industry abandons Direct measurement method, the implementation of indirect measurement method. The electrical parameters of the switch machine are measured by a special chip, and the switching force of the action rod is calculated; the indirect method is mature and the accuracy has made great progress, which is recognized by the industry; therefore, the content of the switching force of the action rod is not covered in this paper.

At present, the monitoring system design focuses on the detection of the bar gap width, and the gap width represents the close contact state of the tip rail and the base rail. The Ministry of Railways Yunji Signal [2003] No. 49 stipulates that "the detection error of the switch indicating the gap is ±0.1mm"; above, the dynamic gap under the pin open is defined for the first time. Based on the dynamic gap, the new concept of "dynamic gap width" of the monitoring system is extended; based on the dynamic gap width, the transformation from blind planned maintenance and passive fault maintenance to scientific state maintenance and active preventive maintenance is promoted. The gap between the pin shaft connection of the switch machine is unavoidable, and it can only be reduced but not completely eliminated, because the rod connection is an active connection after all; the internal cause of the rod moving is "gap". The impact and vibration of passing vehicles and the conversion force of the fork change operation will cause the notch width to become larger or smaller; based on the dynamic notch width, the quantitative trend of the notch width can be estimated. So far, notch width monitoring has gone through three stages: manual visual inspection, bead-touching electrical contacts/photoelectric sensors, video images, and displacement sensors (Hall/magnetostrictive/fiber/eddy-current sensors).

Manual visual inspection indicates the width of the pole gap: non-real-time offline monitoring, inherent lack of safety guarantee; error index ±0.1mm, manpower is reluctant; the maintenance workload during the "skylight" period often cannot meet the on-site needs; the visual inspection method is outdated. Photoelectric sensors are sensitive to contamination, and light decay errors increase with time; they are hard to find today. The touch-bead electrical contact sensor is simple and reliable, easy to use and cheap; the disadvantage is that "quantitative" is absent, it does not support status and preventive maintenance, and it is difficult to take into account the needs of safety and operation and maintenance. For example, the width index = 1.5±0.5mm, the safety is excellent, and the operation and maintenance are disappointed (frequent alarms and sharp increase in the operation and maintenance); the width index = 1.5±0.9mm, the safety is doubtful, and the operation and maintenance is satisfactory. The bead-touching sensor does not hide its flaws, and the monitoring system is waiting. The video presents a gap image, the camera is easy to be polluted, and the "width" is quantified by people, which is subjective and arbitrary; image transmission requires a dedicated line, which increases the complexity of the system. Hall/magnetostrictive/fiber optic sensors are technically complex and difficult to install on site. The detection range, accuracy, anti-interference and ease of use of the eddy current sensor are better than those of the above sensors. The representative intellectual property achievements of the switch machine indicating rod notch width monitoring system are summarized as follows:

The invention patent "A Remote Monitoring System for Switch Machines" (ZL2012102696136) proposes to install monitoring equipment to record the current and switch status of the traction point S700K without affecting the existing equipment.

The invention patent "method of directly collecting the notch image of the railway switch machine to measure the notch data" (ZL2011104258288), proposes to collect and store the image representing the notch of the bar, and form an analysis image by morphological filtering of the edge of the notch; Statistics, get the two edges and edge coordinates of the gap.

·The invention patent "Intelligent Gap Monitoring System and Method of Railway Switch Machine" (ZL2012103040694) proposes that the switch machine indicates that the target is pasted on the pole, and the switch machine stops working to obtain the gap offset value according to the target.

·The invention patent "Monitoring system and eddy current sensor for indicating bar gap width of switch machine" (ZL2014104607598), proposes to use eddy current sensor to obtain the bar gap width of switch machine.

The above beneficial explorations put forward the structure of the switch machine monitoring system, or the technical route of obtaining the image or target or eddy current sensor to indicate the width of the rod gap; the exploration of related intellectual property rights has reference value, but the results are still limited; it is necessary to make further Innovative design. First of all, a quantitative/sexual combined displacement sensor of eddy current/ball contact electrical contacts is designed, and the structure and time double redundancy technology improves the reliability of the system monitoring the gap width. Secondly, consider the dynamic gap width of the pin shaft, and set the static gap width range of the bead to be 1.5±0.7mm, of which 0.7 is the deviation of the static gap width; the eddy current sensor detects the static gap width and the gap amplitude, and the gap amplitude = MAX dynamic gap width - MIN dynamic gap width; according to the static gap width and the swing amplitude, no alarm, early warning, alarm, and alarm are required to promote the change from planned/fault maintenance to state/preventive maintenance, taking into account safety and operation and maintenance. In addition, the average humidity of Hangzhou Metro during the rainy season is ≥80%, and the fixed/reverse position indicates that the moisture-proof of the circuit is necessary; the custom communication standard will damage the reliability of the monitoring system, which needs to be standardized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a monitoring system and method for indicating the dynamic gap width of a pole in a subway switch machine.

The subway switch machine represents the monitoring system of the dynamic gap width of the pole. It consists of a dynamic gap width monitoring host, of which the first six modules are collectively referred to as dynamic gap width monitoring terminals, and the number of terminals = N≥1; the eddy current width detection module, the bead contact width detection module, the temperature and humidity detection module, and the heating and dehumidification module are respectively It is connected with the signal processing main control module, and the signal processing main control module is connected with the dynamic gap width monitoring host through the DC carrier communication module; the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is networked with the dynamic gap width monitoring host, and follows the Modbus--RTU protocol. The monitoring host is the host, and the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is the slave;

The eddy current width detection module and the bead-touching electrical contact width detection module are embedded in the indicator of the switch machine, the eddy-current displacement sensor of the eddy-current width detection module, and the bead-touching electrical contact displacement sensor of the bead-touching electrical contact width detection module, Arranged side by side and parallel; the probe of the eddy current displacement sensor is flush with the indicator, and the two ends of the bead-touching electrical contact displacement sensor are each equipped with a bead, and the chord height of the bead protruding indicator = 0.7mm; the temperature and humidity detection module and The heating and dehumidification module is fixed in the switch box of the switch machine; the eddy current width detection module, the width detection module of the contact bead, and the temperature and humidity measurement module respectively upload the width data, the width switch value, and the temperature and humidity data to the signal processing master control. Module, the signal processing main control module controls the heating and dehumidification module; the dynamic gap width monitoring host reads the gap width detection time, switch conversion and train crossing time of the automatic train monitoring system ATS, and sends it to the dynamic gap width through the DC carrier communication module. Monitor the terminal, and simultaneously receive the signal uploaded by the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal.

The signal processing main control module of the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is based on the ATmega128 chip; the eddy current width detection module selects the NCDT3005 eddy current displacement sensor, and the NCDT3005 ports 1, 3, and 2 are respectively connected to 24V, ground, and ATmega128 pin 61; The touch beads on both sides of the indicator mark are connected by metal springs, one way is connected to 24V through R ₂₀₁ , and the other way is connected to the interruption port pin 25 of ATmega128, indicating that the rod gap is grounded; the temperature and humidity detection module is connected to SHT11 chip is the core, SHT11 pins 1, 4, 3 are grounded, 5V, ATmega128 pin 58, SHT11 pin 2 is connected to 5V via R ₃₀₁ , and the other is connected to ATmega128 pin 59; The heating and dehumidification module includes IRFP150 solid state relay SSR ₄₀₁ , DRT-X type silicone heating sheet SCS ₄₀₁ , the control port of SSR ₄₀₁ is connected to ATmega128 pin 48, the two output ports of SSR ₄₀₁ are connected to the power supply and SCS ₄₀₁ ; ATmega128 pins 51, 50, 49 are respectively connected with the MM1192 of the DC carrier communication module Pins 1, 5, and 6 are connected;

The DC carrier communication module is based on the MM1192 chip. The MM1192 pins ₆ and 1 are grounded through R ₂ and R ₁ respectively; the two ends of C ₁ are connected to the MM1192 pins ₃ and 4 respectively. R ₆ and C ₅ are connected to the negative and positive ends of the carrier output, MM1192 pin 11 is connected to one end of V _CC and C ₂ , the other end of C ₂ is connected to MM1192 pin 13; D ₁ and D ₂ are connected in series, D ₃ and D ₄ are connected in series The other ends of D ₂ and _{D 4} are grounded, the other ends of D ₁ and D ₃ are respectively connected to pins 14 and ₁₂ of MM1192; One end of L1, _one end of pin ₁₀ and _one end of L2 are connected _; the other ends of L1 and L2 are connected to _R3 in parallel, and are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends _of the carrier output through C3 and _C4 ; the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is connected to the dynamic gap width The monitoring host constitutes a DC carrier Modbus network, using the RTU message frame format: address 1 byte, function code 1 byte, data 0~252 bytes, CRC check 2 bytes, message frames ≥ 3.5 characters Time interval; the first byte of the message frame is the address, the address range is 0 to 255, the address 0 is the broadcast address, and the function code is 1 to 255.

A dynamic gap width monitoring method using the monitoring system, the method process includes a process of temperature and humidity detection and heating and dehumidification, and a process of dynamic gap width detection and alarm;

Variable description:

Water vapor density Water_density, WD

Saturated water vapor density SATUR_Water_density, WD_SATUR

Relative humidity relative_humidity, RH

Critical relative humidity critical_relative_humidity, CRH

static nick width static nick width, SNW

Static nick width toplimit static nick width toplimit, SNW_toplimit

dynamic nick width dynamic nick width, DNW

MAX dynamic nick width, DNW_MAX

MIN dynamic nick width, DNW_MIN

Shaking width, SW

Shaking toplimit, S_toplimit

Static nick width detection time static nick width time, SNW_time

Turnout convert time, TC_time

Turnout via time, TV_time

width alarm width alarm, WA

Algorithm Description:

Relative humidity RH=WD/WD_SATUR×100% (1)

SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN (2)

The data structure of the dynamic/static gap width adopts the relational database two-dimensional table, and a width detection is mapped to a tuple or a record of the data structure; each record consists of 6 fields, including the switch machine number and the detection time of the static width. , static gap width, MAX dynamic gap width, MIN dynamic gap width, static/dynamic gap width alarm; static/dynamic gap width alarm = 0/1/10/11, respectively indicating no alarm/warning/alarm/alarm; dynamic gap The width monitoring host stores the width data uploaded by the monitoring terminal, and builds an index table as needed to improve query efficiency; during initialization, the database "switch machine number" field = switch machine code, "static width detection time" field = 999999.999, " Static Gap Width, MAX Dynamic Gap Width, MIN Dynamic Gap Width" field = 9.99, "Static/Dynamic Gap Width Alarm" field = 0;

The process of temperature and humidity detection and heating dehumidification is as follows:

(1) Read in temperature ~ saturated water vapor density T ~ WD_SATUR

Given critical relative humidity CRH=0.65

The detection temperature and water vapor density are T and WD respectively

(2) Calculate the relative humidity RH=WD/WD_SATUR×100%

(3) When RH≤CRH is powered off, it is powered on instead;

The process of dynamic gap width detection and alarm is as follows:

①Initialization

Static gap width upper limit SNW_toplimit=1.5+0.7

S_toplimit=0.4

Width alarm WA=0

Read from ATS, detection time of static gap width SNW_time[iw], 1≤iw≤Mw

Turnout transition time TC_time[ic], 1≤ic≤Mc

Turnout passing time TV_time[iv], 1≤iv≤Mv

②Notch width detection

②-1 Static notch width detection

SNW_time[iw], collect SNW

Case1interrupt or SNW≥SNW_toplimit, WA=10

Case2WA=0

Storage upload SNW, WA

②-2 Dynamic notch width detection during switch transition

When the switch changes TC_time[ic]+15, collect SNW

[TC_time[ic], TC_time[ic]+13], collect DNW

Get DNW_MAX and DNW_MIN from DNW

Calculate the swing amplitude SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN

Case1 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW<S_toplimit, WA=0

Case2 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=1

OR SNW+SW≥SNW_toplimit+0.5×S_toplimit, WA=1

Case3 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW＜S_toplimit, WA=10

Case4 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=11

Storage upload SNW, WA, DNW_MAX, DNW_MIN

②-3 Dynamic gap width detection when the turnout is passing

TV_time[iv]－10, collect SNW when the turnout is passing

[TV_time[iv]－10, TV_time[iv]+10], capture DNW

Get DNW_MAX and DNW_MIN from DNW

Calculate the swing amplitude SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN

Case1 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW<S_toplimit, WA=0

Case2 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=1

OR SNW+SW≥SNW_toplimit+0.5×S_toplimit, WA=1

Case3 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW＜S_toplimit, WA=10

Case4 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=11

Storage upload SNW, WA, DNW_MAX, DNW_MIN

③ "Skylight" period

The dynamic gap width monitoring terminal packs and uploads the width data of the day

The dynamic gap width monitoring host checks the real-time uploaded width data.

Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The quantitative/sexual combined displacement sensor of the eddy current/ball contact electrical contact improves the reliability of monitoring the gap width with the help of the structure and time double redundancy technology; the bead gap width is expanded from 1.5±0.5mm to 1.5±0.7mm, It not only takes into account the requirements of safety and operation and maintenance, but also reduces the number of contact between the bead and the gap of the indicating rod, so that the contact sensor evolves into a quasi-non-contact sensor, which improves the reliability of the gap width monitoring module. Based on the concept of dynamic gap width, according to the static gap width and swing range: no alarm, early warning, alarm, and alarm, it promotes the change from planned/fault maintenance to condition/preventive maintenance, and further improves the reliability and availability of the gap width monitoring system. The fixed/inverted position indicates that the moisture-proof measures of the circuit and the standardization of the communication protocol take the reliable availability of the notch width monitoring system to a higher level.

Description of drawings

Figure 1(a) is the principle block diagram of the dynamic gap width monitoring system;

Figure 1(b) is the installation diagram of the eddy current sensor and the bead contact sensor;

Figure 1(c) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switch conversion equipment;

Figure 1(d) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switch machine;

Figure 2(a) is a circuit diagram of a dynamic gap width monitoring terminal;

Figure 2(b) is a circuit diagram of a DC carrier communication module;

Figure 2(c) is the RTU message frame format of the Modbus protocol;

Figure 3(a) is a flow chart of the dynamic gap width monitoring method;

Fig. 3 (b) is the data structure diagram of dynamic gap width;

Figure 3 (c) is a flow chart of temperature and humidity detection and heating and dehumidification;

Figure 3(d) is a flow chart of dynamic gap width detection and alarm.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1(a), Fig. 1(b), Fig. 1(c), Fig. 1(d), the monitoring system for the dynamic gap width of the pole in the subway switch machine is composed of the eddy current width detection module 100, the bead electric Contact width detection module 200, temperature and humidity detection module 300, heating and dehumidification module 400, signal processing main control module 500, DC carrier communication module 600, dynamic gap width monitoring host 800, the first six modules are collectively referred to as dynamic gap width monitoring terminals , the number of terminals=N≥1; the eddy current width detection module 100, the bead contact width detection module 200, the temperature and humidity detection module 300, and the heating and dehumidification module 400 are respectively connected to the signal processing main control module 500, and the signal processing main control module 500 is connected to the dynamic gap width monitoring host 800 via the DC carrier communication module 600; the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is networked with the dynamic gap width monitoring host 800, following the Modbus--RTU protocol, the dynamic gap width monitoring host 800 is the host, and the dynamic gap width monitoring host 800 is the host. The monitoring terminal is a slave;

The eddy current width detection module 100 and the bead-touching electrical contact width detection module 200 are embedded in the indicator of the switch machine, the eddy current displacement sensor of the eddy-current width detection module 100, the bead-touching electrical contact of the bead-touching electrical contact width detection module 200 Point displacement sensor, arranged in parallel; the probe of the eddy current displacement sensor is flush with the indicator, the two ends of the displacement sensor of the electric contact of the bead are equipped with a bead, and the chord height of the bead protruding indicator = 0.7mm; temperature The humidity detection module 300 and the heating and dehumidification module 400 are fixed in the switch box of the switch machine; the eddy current width detection module 100, the bead contact width detection module 200, and the temperature and humidity measurement module 300 upload the width data and the width switch value respectively. , The temperature and humidity data are sent to the signal processing main control module 500, and the signal processing main control module 500 controls the heating and dehumidification module 400; the dynamic gap width monitoring host 800 reads the gap width detection time, switch conversion and train crossing time of the automatic train monitoring system ATS. , through the DC carrier communication module 600, sent to the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal, and simultaneously receive the signal uploaded by the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal;

The operation process of the switch conversion equipment is as follows: the subway switch machine turns on the starting circuit according to the instructions of the dispatch center, and the motor rotates clockwise/counterclockwise; the locking block is withdrawn and unlocked, and the rotation of the switch machine motor is decelerated by the gear set and frictionally connected. The nut on the ball screw converts the rotation of the screw into the translation of the nut, and the nut drives the action rod to extend/retract to move through the holding connector; the action rod pushes/pulls the tip rail or The movable core rail moves, and the detection rod moves with the switch switching action of the point rail or movable core rail, and the indicator rod connected to the detection rod moves with the detection rod; The distance between the two is the width of the gap of the rod; it means that the gap of the rod is aligned with the locking block, and the locking block pops up to drive the quick-action switch, disconnect the original display circuit, connect the new display circuit, and disconnect the starting circuit.

Note 1: Considering the completeness of the presentation, briefly describe the composition of the switch conversion equipment, the work flow of the switch and the switch machine, and the switching of the fixed/reverse position indicating circuit, indicating the formation mechanism of the bar gap width. The monitoring system of the dynamic gap width of the subway switch machine is independent of the subway signal system, and the automatic train monitoring system ATS is read only and not written.

As shown in Figure 2(a), Figure 2(b), and Figure 2(c), the signal processing main control module 500 of the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is based on the ATmega128 chip; the eddy current width detection module 100 uses the NCDT3005 eddy current Displacement sensor, ports 1, 3 and 2 of NCDT3005 are respectively connected to 24V, ground, and pin 61 of ATmega128; the touch beads located on both sides of the indicator of the touch bead electrical contact width detection module 200 are interconnected by metal springs, and all the way through R ₂₀₁ to connect to 24V, The other way is connected to the interrupt port pin 25 of ATmega128, indicating that the rod gap is grounded; the temperature and humidity detection module 300 takes the SHT11 chip as the core, SHT11 pins 1, 4, and 3 are grounded, 5V, ATmega128 pin 58, and all the way through R of SHT11 pin 2 ₃₀₁ is connected to 5V, and the other is connected to ATmega128 pin 59; the heating and dehumidification module 400 includes IRFP150 solid state relay SSR ₄₀₁ , DRT-X silicone heating chip SCS ₄₀₁ , the control port of SSR ₄₀₁ is connected to ATmega128 pin 48, and the two outputs of SSR ₄₀₁ The port is connected with power supply and SCS ₄₀₁ ; ATmega128 pins 51, 50 and 49 are connected with MM1192 pins 1, 5 and 6 of DC carrier communication module 600 respectively;

The DC carrier communication module 600 is based on the MM1192 chip. The MM1192 pins 6 and 1 are grounded through R ₂ and R ₁ respectively; the two ends of C ₁ are connected to the MM1192 pins 3 and 4 respectively, and the MM1192 pins 15 and 16 are connected through R ₇ and C ₆ respectively. , R ₆ and C ₅ are connected to the negative and positive ends of the carrier output, MM1192 pin 11 is connected to one end of V _CC and C ₂ , the other end of C ₂ is connected to MM1192 pin 13; D ₁ and D ₂ are connected in series, D ₃ and D ₄ In series, the other ends of D ₂ and D ₄ are grounded, and the other ends of D ₁ and D ₃ are respectively connected to pins 14 and 12 of MM1192; one end of R ₃ and R ₄ are respectively connected to pins 14 and 12 of MM1192, and the other ends are respectively connected to pins 9 of MM1192 Connect with _one end of L1, pin ₁₀ and _one end of L2 _; the other ends of L1 and L2 are connected to _R3 in parallel, and are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends _of the carrier output through C3 and _C4 ; the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is connected to the dynamic gap The width monitoring host (800) forms a DC carrier Modbus network, and adopts the RTU message frame format: address 1 byte, function code 1 byte, data occupies 0~252 bytes, CRC check 2 bytes, between message frames The time interval of ≥3.5 characters; the first byte of the message frame is the address, the address value ranges from 0 to 255, the address 0 is the broadcast address, and the function code value is 1 to 255.

Note 2: Learn from the idea of DCS centralized management and decentralized control: set the starting conditions of the heating and dehumidification module on the dynamic gap width monitoring host, and each dynamic gap width monitoring terminal performs decentralized control of heating and dehumidification on the spot according to the temperature and humidity parameters of the location; The dynamic gap width monitoring terminal uploads the static gap width and gap value of the pole, and the dynamic gap width monitoring host centrally manages no alarm or early warning or alarm or alarm.

As shown in Figure 3(a), Figure 3(b), Figure 3(c), Figure 3(d), the dynamic gap width monitoring method process includes temperature and humidity detection and heating and dehumidification processes, as well as dynamic gap width detection and alarm process;

Variable description:

Water vapor density Water_density, WD

Saturated water vapor density SATUR_Water_density, WD_SATUR

Relative humidity relative_humidity, RH

Critical relative humidity critical_relative_humidity, CRH

static nick width static nick width, SNW

Static nick width toplimit static nick width toplimit, SNW_toplimit

dynamic nick width dynamic nick width, DNW

MAX dynamic nick width, DNW_MAX

MIN dynamic nick width, DNW_MIN

Shaking width, SW

Shaking toplimit, S_toplimit

Static nick width detection time static nick width time, SNW_time

Turnout convert time, TC_time

Turnout via time, TV_time

width alarm width alarm, WA

Algorithm Description:

Relative humidity RH=WD/WD_SATUR×100% (1)

SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN (2)

The data structure of the dynamic/static gap width adopts the relational database two-dimensional table, and a width detection is mapped to a tuple or a record of the data structure; each record consists of 6 fields, including the switch machine number and the detection time of the static width. , static gap width, MAX dynamic gap width, MIN dynamic gap width, static/dynamic gap width alarm; static/dynamic gap width alarm = 0/1/10/11, respectively indicating no alarm/warning/alarm/alarm; dynamic gap The width monitoring host 800 stores the width data uploaded by the monitoring terminal, and builds an index table as needed to improve the query efficiency; during initialization, the database "switch machine number" field = switch machine code, "static width detection time" field = 999999.999, "Static Gap Width, MAX Dynamic Gap Width, MIN Dynamic Gap Width" field = 9.99, "Static/Dynamic Gap Width Alarm" field = 0;

The process of temperature and humidity detection and heating dehumidification is as follows:

(1) Read in temperature ~ saturated water vapor density T ~ WD_SATUR

Given critical relative humidity CRH=0.65

Detection temperature, water vapor density T, WD

(2) Calculate the relative humidity RH=WD/WD_SATUR×100%

(3) When RH≤CRH is powered off, it is powered on instead;

The process of dynamic gap width detection and alarm is as follows:

①Initialization

Static gap width upper limit SNW_toplimit=1.5+0.7

S_toplimit=0.4

Width alarm WA=0

Read from ATS, detection time of static gap width SNW_time[iw], 1≤iw≤Mw

Turnout transition time TC_time[ic], 1≤ic≤Mc

Turnout passing time TV_time[iv], 1≤iv≤Mv

②Notch width detection

②-1 Static notch width detection

SNW_time[iw], collect SNW

Case1 interrupt or SNW≥SNW_toplimit, WA=10

Case2 WA=0

Storage upload SNW, WA

②-2 Dynamic notch width detection during switch transition

When the switch changes TC_time[ic]+15, collect SNW

[TC_time[ic], TC_time[ic]+13], collect DNW

Get DNW_MAX and DNW_MIN from DNW

Calculate the swing amplitude SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN

Case1 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW<S_toplimit, WA=0

Case2 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=1

OR SNW+SW≥SNW_toplimit+0.5×S_toplimit, WA=1

Case3 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW＜S_toplimit, WA=10

Case4 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=11

Storage upload SNW, WA, DNW_MAX, DNW_MIN

②-3 Dynamic gap width detection when the turnout is passing

Turnout crossing TV_time[iv]－10 hours, collecting SNW

[TV_time[iv]－10, TV_time[iv]+10], capture DNW

Get DNW_MAX and DNW_MIN from DNW

Calculate the swing amplitude SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN

Case1 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW<S_toplimit, WA=0

Case2 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=1

OR SNW+SW≥SNW_toplimit+0.5×S_toplimit, WA=1

Case3 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW＜S_toplimit, WA=10

Case4 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=11

Storage upload SNW, WA, DNW_MAX, DNW_MIN

③ "Skylight" period

The dynamic gap width monitoring terminal packs and uploads the width data of the day

The dynamic gap width monitoring host checks the real-time uploaded width data.

Note 3: The critical relative humidity interval CRH=[0.65, 0.70], which is taken as 0.65 in the text. The absolute value of the width deviation on both sides of the dynamic/static gap is symmetrically distributed about the indicator, which is concise and general. The dynamic/static gap width in this paper is only discussed on the positive deviation side. The dynamic gap width detection needs to be completed during the vehicle passing/fork changing operation. The detected MAX/MIN dynamic gap width has two time intervals, and the "time interval" has randomness and uncertainty; therefore, the dynamic/static gap width In the width detection, the detection time interval of the random MAX/MIN dynamic gap width is discarded. Turnout switching operation, the static gap width detection time takes the time of switching the switch command issuing time TC_time[ic]+15, and the dynamic gap width detection time interval [TC_time[ic], TC_time[ic]+13]. There is an error in the train crossing time, so the static gap width detection time is TV_time[iv]－10, and the dynamic gap width detection time interval [TV_time[iv]－10, TV_time[iv]+10]. The regular static gap width detection time is SNW_time[iw], and the content of the MAX/MIN dynamic gap width field in the detection record is the initial value.

Claims (2)

1. A monitoring system for expressing the dynamic gap width of a pole in a subway switch machine, characterized in that the system consists of an eddy current width detection module (100), a ball-to-bead electrical contact width detection module (200), and a temperature and humidity detection module (300) , a heating and dehumidification module (400), a signal processing main control module (500), a DC carrier communication module (600), and a dynamic gap width monitoring host (800). The first six modules are collectively referred to as dynamic gap width monitoring terminals, and the number of terminals = N≥1; the eddy current width detection module (100), the bead contact width detection module (200), the temperature and humidity detection module (300), and the heating and dehumidification module (400) are respectively connected to the signal processing main control module (500) , the signal processing main control module (500) is connected with the dynamic gap width monitoring host (800) through the DC carrier communication module (600); the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal and the dynamic gap width monitoring host (800) are networked and follow Modbus--RTU Protocol, the dynamic gap width monitoring host (800) is the host, and the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is the slave; The eddy current width detection module (100) and the bead-touching electrical contact width detection module (200) are embedded in the indicator of the switch machine, the eddy current displacement sensor of the eddy-current width detection module (100), and the bead-touching electrical contact width detection module (200) ball-touching electrical contact displacement sensors, which are arranged in parallel; the probe of the eddy-current displacement sensor is flush with the indicator, and each end of the bead-touching electrical contact displacement sensor is equipped with a bead-touching bead, and the beading-ball protruding indication The standard chord height=0.7mm; the temperature and humidity detection module (300) and the heating and dehumidification module (400) are fixed in the switch box of the switch machine; the eddy current width detection module (100), the bead contact width detection module ( 200), the temperature and humidity measurement module (300) respectively upload the width data, the width switch value, and the temperature and humidity data to the signal processing main control module (500), and the signal processing main control module (500) controls the heating and dehumidification module (400); the dynamic gap The width monitoring host (800) reads the gap width detection time, switch conversion and train crossing time of the automatic train monitoring system ATS, and sends it to the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal via the DC carrier communication module (600), and receives the dynamic gap width at the same time. Monitor the signal uploaded by the terminal; The signal processing main control module (500) of the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is based on the ATmega128 chip; the eddy current width detection module (100) selects the NCDT3005 type eddy current displacement sensor, and the NCDT3005 ports 1, 3, and 2 are respectively connected to 24V, Ground, ATmega128 pin 61; the bumping balls located on both sides of the indicator mark are connected by metal springs, one way is connected to 24V through R ₂₀₁ , and the other way is connected to the interruption port pin 25 of ATmega128, indicating that The rod gap is grounded; the temperature and humidity detection module (300) takes the SHT11 chip as the core, the SHT11 pins 1, 4, and 3 are respectively grounded, 5V, ATmega128 pin 58, one way of SHT11 pin 2 is connected to 5V via R ₃₀₁ , and the other way is connected to ATmega128 pin 59 The heating and dehumidification module (400) includes IRFP150 solid state relay SSR ₄₀₁ , DRT-X type silica gel heating chip SCS ₄₀₁ , the control port of SSR ₄₀₁ is connected to ATmega128 pin 48, and the two output ports of SSR ₄₀₁ are connected through power supply and SCS ₄₀₁ ; ATmega128 pins 51, 50 and 49 are respectively connected with MM1192 pins 1, 5 and 6 of the DC carrier communication module (600); The DC carrier communication module (600) is based on the MM1192 chip. The MM1192 pins 6 and 1 are grounded through R ₂ and R ₁ respectively; the two ends of C ₁ are connected to the MM1192 pins 3 and 4 respectively, and the MM1192 pins 15 and 16 are respectively connected through R ₇ and R 1. C ₆ , R ₆ and C ₅ are connected to the negative and positive ends of the carrier output, MM1192 pin 11 is connected to one end of V _CC and C ₂ , the other end of C ₂ is connected to MM1192 pin 13; D ₁ and D ₂ are connected in series, D ₃ and D ₄ is connected in series, the other ends of D ₂ and _{D 4} are grounded, the other ends of D ₁ and D ₃ are connected to pins 14 and ₁₂ of MM1192 respectively; One end of pin 9 and one end of L1, and _one end of pin ₁₀ and _one end of L2 are connected _; the other end of L1 and L2 are connected to _R3 in parallel, and are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends _of the carrier output through C3 and _C4 ; the dynamic gap width monitoring terminal is connected to the The dynamic gap width monitoring host (800) constitutes a DC carrier Modbus network, and adopts the RTU message frame format: address 1 byte, function code 1 byte, data occupies 0 ~ 252 bytes, CRC check 2 bytes, message frame The time interval between ≥3.5 characters; the first byte of the message frame is the address, the address value ranges from 0 to 255, the address 0 is the broadcast address, and the function code value is 1 to 255. 2. a kind of dynamic gap width monitoring method using monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: method flow comprises the process flow of temperature and humidity detection and heating dehumidification, and the flow process of dynamic gap width detection and alarm; Variable description: Water vapor density Water_density, WD Saturated water vapor density SATUR_Water_density, WD_SATUR Relative humidity relative_humidity, RH Critical relative humidity critical_relative_humidity, CRH static nick width static nick width, SNW Static nick width toplimit static nick width toplimit, SNW_toplimit dynamic nick width dynamic nick width, DNW MAX dynamic nick width, DNW_MAX MIN dynamic nick width, DNW_MIN Shaking width, SW Shaking toplimit, S_toplimit Static nick width detection time static nick width time, SNW_time Turnout convert time, TC_time Turnout via time, TV_time width alarm width alarm, WA Algorithm Description: Relative humidity RH=WD/WD_SATUR×100% (1) SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN (2) The data structure of dynamic/static gap width adopts two-dimensional table of relational database, and a width detection is mapped to a tuple or a record of the data structure; each record consists of 6 fields, including the switch machine number and the detection of static gap width. Time, static gap width, MAX dynamic gap width, MIN dynamic gap width, static/dynamic gap width alarm; static/dynamic gap width alarm = 0/1/10/11, indicating no alarm/early warning/alarm/alarm; dynamic The gap width monitoring host (800) stores the width data uploaded by the monitoring terminal, and builds an index table as needed to improve query efficiency; during initialization, the database "switch machine number" field = switch machine code, "static gap width detection time" field=999999.999, "Static Gap Width, MAX Dynamic Gap Width, MIN Dynamic Gap Width" field=9.99, "Static/Dynamic Gap Width Alarm" field=0; The process of temperature and humidity detection and heating dehumidification is as follows: (1) Read in temperature ~ saturated water vapor density T ~ WD_SATUR Given critical relative humidity CRH=0.65 The detection temperature and water vapor density are T and WD respectively (2) Calculate the relative humidity RH=WD/WD_SATUR×100% (3) When RH≤CRH is powered off, it is powered on instead; The process of dynamic gap width detection and alarm is as follows: ①Initialization Static gap width upper limit SNW_toplimit=1.5+0.7 S_toplimit=0.4 Width alarm WA=0 Read from ATS, detection time of static gap width SNW_time[iw], 1≤iw≤Mw Turnout transition time TC_time[ic], 1≤ic≤Mc Turnout passing time TV_time[iv], 1≤iv≤Mv ②Notch width detection ②-1 Static notch width detection SNW_time[iw], collect SNW Case1 interrupt or SNW≥SNW_toplimit, WA=10 Case2 WA=0 Storage upload SNW, WA ②-2 Dynamic notch width detection during switch transition When the switch changes TC_time[ic]+15, collect SNW [TC_time[ic], TC_time[ic]+13], collect DNW Get DNW_MAX and DNW_MIN from DNW Calculate the swing amplitude SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN Case1 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW<S_toplimit, WA=0 Case2 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=1 OR SNW+SW≥SNW_toplimit+0.5×S_toplimit, WA=1 Case3 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW＜S_toplimit, WA=10 Case4 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=11 Storage upload SNW, WA, DNW_MAX, DNW_MIN ②-3 Dynamic gap width detection when the turnout is passing TV_time[iv]－10, collect SNW when the turnout is passing [TV_time[iv]－10, TV_time[iv]+10], capture DNW Get DNW_MAX and DNW_MIN from DNW Calculate the swing amplitude SW=DNW_MAX－DNW_MIN Case1 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW<S_toplimit, WA=0 Case2 SNW<SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=1 OR SNW+SW≥SNW_toplimit+0.5×S_toplimit, WA=1 Case3 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW＜S_toplimit, WA=10 Case4 SNW≥SNW_toplimit and SW≥S_toplimit, WA=11 Storage upload SNW, WA, DNW_MAX, DNW_MIN ③ "Skylight" period The dynamic gap width monitoring terminal packs and uploads the width data of the day The dynamic gap width monitoring host checks the real-time uploaded width data.

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