CN107753027A - Tibial plateau position measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device for measuring the position of the tibial plateau, which comprises a circular component, an angle locator, a first positioning rod, a second positioning rod, and a third positioning rod, and the angle locator is arranged at the geometric center of the circular component and connected with the The circular members are connected, the center of the angle locator coincides with the geometric center, and the respective ends of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod are rotatably connected to the angle locator to surround the center of the angle locator Rotation; during the rotation process of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod, the relative position of the angle positioner and the circular member remains unchanged. During application, the geometric center of the circular component coincides with the geometric center of the tibial plateau, and the predetermined position of the tibial tuberosity is calibrated by adjusting the angle between the positioning rods, which is used as a reference position for the installation and placement of the tibial plateau prosthesis, improving The accuracy of the prosthesis installation and placement of the tibial plateau is improved.

Description

Tibial plateau position determination device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a tibial plateau position measuring device.

Background technique

The knee joint is one of the important joints of the lower limbs of the human body. At the same time, knee joint disease is also a common and frequently-occurring disease in the elderly. One of its specific manifestations is joint pain caused by wear or degeneration of articular cartilage.

In the process of treating knee arthrosis, the most commonly used is resurfacing in knee arthroplasty. Specifically, a thin layer of worn cartilage and subchondral bone on the femur and tibia of the knee joint is cut off to form an osteotomy surface, and then the cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy metal implant prosthesis is fixed by direct fixation or bone cement It is fixed to the osteotomy surface in a manner that replaces the worn bone of the joint. In the above-mentioned implant prosthesis, the part used to replace the bone on the femoral side is called the femoral condyle, and the part used to replace the bone on the tibial side is called the tibial plateau, and a polyethylene pad is lined between the femoral condyle and the tibial plateau, so that Play a role in reducing friction and restoring knee joint function.

The position of the prosthesis in knee arthroplasty is very important, and it is the basis for restoring the normal line of force of the lower limbs. Tibiofemoral malrotation after total knee arthroplasty can lead to tibiofemoral subluxation and early wear or rupture of the polyethylene meniscus in genu varus. Many studies have shown that, for example, "Xiao Yu, Zhang Fujiang, Yu Jianhua, etc. New technology of tibial prosthesis rotation alignment in total knee arthroplasty [J]. Chinese Journal of Prosthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2008,22(1):26-28. " pointed out that the medial edge of the tibial tuberosity to the medial 1/3 line is an ideal rotation positioning interval of the tibial prosthesis.

At present, the osteotomy tools used in knee arthroplasty are mainly used to measure the thickness of the osteotomy, determine the line of force, and determine the rotation of the femur. There is still no professional tool for the determination of the direction of the tibial plateau, and the rotation of the tibial plateau is usually determined based on the experience of the operator. However, due to individual differences in patients, the direction determination is not accurate, which in turn affects the accuracy of the prosthesis installation and placement of the tibial plateau.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the position of the tibial plateau to solve the problem of determining the rotation direction of the tibial plateau based on the experience of the operator in the prior art, which is affected by the individual differences of patients, so that the accuracy of the pointing measurement result is not high, resulting in The low accuracy of prosthetic installation and placement of the tibial plateau.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a tibial plateau position measuring device, which includes: a circular member, an angle locator, a first positioning rod, a second positioning rod, and a third positioning rod. The angle locator is arranged at the geometric center of the circular member and is connected with the circular member, and each end of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod can be Rotationally connected to the angle positioner; during the rotation of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod, the relative position of the angle positioner and the circular member remain unchanged, and the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod always take the geometric center of the circular member as the rotation center.

Optionally, in the device for determining the position of the tibial plateau, the center of the angle locator coincides with the geometric center.

Optionally, the device for determining the position of the tibial plateau further includes a first locator, a second locator and a third locator, respectively connected to the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the The other end of the third positioning rod is connected, and the length direction of the first positioning device, the second positioning device and the third positioning device are respectively connected with the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the second positioning rod. The length direction of the third positioning rod is perpendicular to each other.

Optionally, in the tibial plateau position measuring device, the other ends of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod are respectively connected with the first positioner, the The second locator is slidingly connected to the third locator.

Optionally, in the tibial plateau position measuring device, the first locator, the second locator and the third locator are all provided with beam emitters for emitting light beams.

Optionally, in the tibial plateau position measuring device, the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod are provided with slide rails along the length direction of the rods, and the first positioning rod A locator is arranged on the slide rail of the first positioning rod, the second locator is arranged on the slide rail of the second positioning rod, and the third locator is arranged on the slide rail of the third positioning rod superior.

Optionally, in the tibial plateau position measuring device, it also includes a fixing rod, the circular member is a ring, the fixing rod is fixed across the ring, and the angle locator fixed at the geometric center.

Optionally, in the tibial plateau position measuring device, it also includes a geometric center locator for locating the geometric center of the ring, which is arranged at the geometric center, and the angle locator and the The fixed rod is fixedly connected.

Optionally, in the device for determining the position of the tibial plateau, the geometric center locator is a positioning nail.

Optionally, in the device for determining the position of the tibial plateau, the circular member is a ring or a disc.

Optionally, in the tibial plateau position measuring device, the circular member is provided with a sliding groove along the circumferential direction, and the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod The other end is slidably connected with the chute.

Optionally, in the device for determining the position of the tibial plateau, the circular member has an angle scale along the circumferential direction.

Optionally, in the tibial plateau position measuring device, the angle locator is an electronic angle display, and the angle display has an angle display screen, and the angle display screen is used to display the first positioning rod, the The included angle between any two of the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod.

In the tibial plateau position measuring device provided by the present invention, the tibial plateau position measuring device includes a circular ring, an angle locator, a first positioning rod, a second positioning rod, and a third positioning rod, and the angle locator is arranged on the circular ring. At the geometric center and connected with the ring, the center of the angle locator coincides with the geometric center, and each end of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod can be rotatably connected to the angle positioner to surround the The center of the angle locator rotates; during the rotation process of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod, the relative position of the angle positioner and the ring remains unchanged. During application, the geometric center of the ring coincides with the geometric center of the tibial plateau, and the predetermined position of the tibial tubercle is calibrated by adjusting the angle between the positioning rods, and the predetermined position of the marked tibial tubercle is used as the virtual tibial plateau. The reference position of the prosthesis installation and placement position improves the accuracy of the prosthesis installation and placement of the tibial plateau.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an oblique view of the tibial plateau position measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the tibial plateau position measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the rear view of the tibial plateau position measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a front view when the tibial plateau position measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to the position measurement of the tibial plateau;

Fig. 5 is a top view when the tibial plateau position measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to the position measurement of the tibial plateau;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic view of the tibial plateau and the prosthesis of the tibial plateau during installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-tibial plateau position measuring device; 10-ring; 11-angle locator; 12-first positioning rod; 13-second positioning rod; 14-third positioning rod; 15-first positioning device; 16-second locator; 17-third locator; 150,160,170-beam emission hole; 18-fixation rod; 19-geometric center locator; 2-tibial plateau; Edge; 201-medial 1/3 of tibial tubercle; 202-lateral edge of tibial tubercle; 3-prosthesis; 30-prosthesis direction mark.

Detailed ways

The tibial plateau position measuring device proposed by the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims. It should be noted that all the drawings are in a very simplified form and use imprecise scales, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, Fig. 1 is the oblique view of tibial plateau position measuring device 1 in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the front view of tibial plateau position measuring device 1 in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is this A rear view of the tibial plateau position measuring device 1 in an embodiment of the invention. The tibial plateau position measuring device 1 comprises: a ring 10, an angle locator 11, a first positioning rod 12, a second positioning rod 13, and a third positioning rod 14, and the angle locator 11 is arranged on the ring 10 The geometric center (circle center) of the center and connected with the ring 10, the center of the angle locator 11 coincides with the geometric center, the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13 and the Each end of the third positioning rod 14 can be rotatably connected to the angle positioner 11 to rotate around the center of the angle positioner 11; in the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13 and During the rotation of the third positioning rod 14 , the relative position between the angle positioner 11 and the circular ring 10 remains unchanged.

In addition, in order to facilitate the operator to observe the marked positions of the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14, the tibial plateau position measuring device 1 also includes a first positioner 15, a second The locator 16 and the third locator 17 are respectively connected with the other ends of the first locating rod 12, the second locating rod 13 and the third locating rod 14, and the first locating device 15, The length directions of the second locator 16 and the third locator 17 are perpendicular to the length directions of the first positioning rod 12 , the second positioning rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14 respectively.

In this embodiment, the other ends of the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14 are connected to the first positioner 15 and the second positioner 16 respectively. is slidingly connected with the third positioner 17, and in other embodiments, the other ends of the first positioner 12, the second positioner 13 and the third positioner 14 can also be respectively connected with The first locator 15 , the second locator 16 and the third locator 17 are fixedly connected.

Preferably, when a sliding connection is adopted, the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14 are all provided with slide rails along the length direction of the rod, and the first positioner 15 is arranged on the slide rail of the first positioning rod 12, the second locator 16 is arranged on the slide rail of the second positioning rod 13, and the third locator 17 is arranged on the third positioning rod 14 During application, the positions of the first locator 15, the second locator 16 and/or the third locator 17 are adaptively adjusted according to the differences of individual patients' tibias, so as to avoid the tibial tubercle 20 The impact of the shape limitation on the positioning accuracy, so that the predetermined position of the tibial tuberosity (for example, the medial 1/3 position 201 ) can be demarcated more accurately. In this embodiment, when the sliding connection is adopted, the three positioning rods (the first positioning rod 12 , the second positioning rod 13 , and the third positioning rod 14 ) include but are not limited to the form of slide rails.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 2, the first locator 15, the second locator 16 and the third locator 17 are all provided with beam emitters for emitting beams, which respectively have a beam emitting hole 150, a beam emitting The hole 160 and the beam emitting hole 170 can be directed and positioned by using the beam emitted by the beam emitting hole more intuitively. Preferably, the beam is a colored beam, which is convenient for the staff to observe with naked eyes.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , the tibial plateau position measuring device 1 also includes a geometric center locator 19 for locating the geometric center of the annulus 10, a fixing rod 18 for improving stability, and the geometric center locator 19 sets At the geometric center of the ring 10, and fixedly connect the angle locator 11 and the fixed rod 18, preferably, the geometric center locator 19 is a positioning nail; the fixed rod 18 spans the fixed on the ring 10 , and fix the angle positioner 11 at the geometric center of the ring 10 . In this embodiment, the angle positioner 11 is an electronic angle display, and when the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13, and the third positioning rod 14 rotate, the electronic angle display The sensor senses the position changes of the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13, and the third positioning rod 14, and calculates the position changes of the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 12, and the second positioning rod. The angle between any two of rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14; the angle display 11 has an angle display screen, and the angle display screen is used to display the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod The angle between any two of the rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14 can be set to display one or more angles as required, such as between the first positioning rod 12 and the second positioning rod 13 The included angle, and the included angle between the first positioning rod 12 and the third positioning rod 14.

In another embodiment, the ring 10 is provided with a sliding groove along the circumferential direction, and the other ends of the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14 are slidingly connected with the sliding groove, that is, The first positioning rod 12 , the second positioning rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14 are restricted to only rotate along the circumferential direction of the ring 10 with the geometric center of the ring 10 as the rotation center.

In yet another embodiment, the ring has angular graduations along the circumference. Any two positioning rods can be calculated by recording the angle scales of the other ends of the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13 and the third positioning rod 14 respectively on the ring 10. The angle between them is used to mark the predetermined position of the tibial tuberosity.

In yet another embodiment, the ring can also be replaced by a disc, and the geometric center locator 19 is positioned on the disc surface of the disc, at the geometric center of the disc, that is, at the center of the circle.

Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that as long as the circular ring 10 can keep the relative position constant with the angle locator 11, the circular ring 10 can also not have an angle scale. A circular member such as a disc can be used instead, as long as it has a circumference matching the tibial plateau, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 to understand the application method of the tibial plateau position measuring device 1, as follows:

First, use the geometric center of the ring 10 to locate the geometric center of the tibial plateau 2 . When positioning, ensure that the circumference of the annulus 10 coincides with the circumference of the tibial plateau 2 as much as possible (that is, the outer edge of the annulus 10 is aligned with the edge of the tibial plateau 2) to improve positioning accuracy; the tibial plateau position measuring device 1 has a geometric center positioning One side of the tool 19 is placed on the tibial plateau 2, and the geometric center of the ring 10 positioned by the geometric center locator 19 coincides with the geometric center of the tibial plateau 2. Preferably, the specifications (that is, the size of the radius) of the circular ring 10 can be selected according to requirements, so that the geometric center of the tibial plateau 2 can be demarcated by the geometric center of the circular ring 10. When the geometric center locator 19 is pressed on the tibial When on the platform 2, a corresponding depression is produced on the tibial platform 2, so that the positions of the ring 10 and the angle display 11 can be positioned more stably.

Next, two of the three positioning rods are used to mark the inner edge 200 of the tibial tubercle and the outer edge 202 of the tibial tubercle respectively, and the remaining one positioning rod is used to mark the predetermined position of the tibial tubercle. As shown in Figure 4, the first positioning rod 12 marks the medial edge 200 of the tibial tubercle, and the third positioning rod 14 marks the lateral edge 202 of the tibial tubercle, according to the angle positioner 11 displayed The angle between any two positioning rods in the first positioning rod 12, the second positioning rod 13, and the third positioning rod 14 is adjusted to adjust the position of the second positioning rod 13 so that the second positioning rod The locator 16 marks out the predetermined position of the tibial tuberosity. In this embodiment, the best position for installing and placing the prosthesis of the tibial plateau is the medial 1/3 place 201 of the tibial tuberosity. Therefore, when the position of the second positioning rod 13 is adjusted, the second locator 16 When marking out the medial 1/3 of the tibial tubercle 201, the angle between the first positioning rod 12 and the second positioning rod 13 is the angle between the first positioning rod 12 and the third positioning rod 1/3 of the angle between 14. For example, if the angle between the first positioning rod 12 and the third positioning rod 14 is 45°, then the angle between the first positioning rod 12 and the second positioning rod 13 is 15°.

Then, using the marked predetermined position of the tibial tubercle as a reference, the prosthesis is installed and placed. The tibial plateau position measuring device 1 based on the present invention can realize relatively accurate pointing measurement, and improve the accuracy of the installation and placement of the prosthesis of the tibial plateau 2 .

As shown in Figure 6, the tibial plateau position measuring device 1 provided according to the present invention can quickly determine the medial edge and the lateral edge of the tibial tubercle 20, and find the expected angular position from the medial edge of the tibial tubercle 20 to the center (i.e., the tibial tuberosity). The position 201 at the middle and inner 1/3 of the joint) is used as a reference for the installation and placement of the prosthesis 3 of the tibial plateau 2. When installing and placing the prosthesis 3 on the tibial plateau 2, align the prosthesis direction mark 30 on the prosthesis 3 with the marking line 201 at the medial 1/3 of the tibial tuberosity shown, so as to avoid the The phenomenon of genu varus or genu valgus effectively improves the accuracy of prosthesis installation and placement.

In summary, in the tibial plateau position measuring device provided by the present invention, the tibial plateau position measuring device includes a ring, an angle locator, a first positioning rod, a second positioning rod, and a third positioning rod, and the angle locator is set At the geometric center of the ring and connected with the ring, the center of the angle locator coincides with the geometric center, and one end of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod can be rotatably connected to the angle positioner , to rotate around the center of the angle locator; during the rotation process of the first positioning rod, the second positioning rod and the third positioning rod, the relative position of the angle locator and the ring remains unchanged. During application, the geometric center of the ring coincides with the geometric center of the tibial plateau, and the predetermined position of the tibial tubercle is calibrated by adjusting the angle between the positioning rods, and the predetermined position of the marked tibial tubercle is used as the virtual tibial plateau. The reference position of the prosthesis installation and placement position improves the accuracy of the prosthesis installation and placement of the tibial plateau.

The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosures shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (13)

1. A kind of 1. tibial plateau position measuring device, it is characterised in that including：Round member, angle locater, the first positioning Bar, the second locating rod, the 3rd locating rod, the angle locater be arranged at the geometric center of the round member and with it is described Round member is connected, and respective one end of first locating rod, second locating rod and the 3rd locating rod can turn The angle locater is connected to dynamicly；Rotated in first locating rod, second locating rod and the 3rd locating rod During, the relative position of the angle locater and the round member keeps constant, and first locating rod, described Second locating rod and the 3rd locating rod are all the time using the geometric center of the round member as pivot.
2. 2. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the center of the angle locater with The geometric center overlaps.
3. 3. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including the first locator, second Locator and the 3rd locator, it is another with first locating rod, second locating rod and the 3rd locating rod respectively One end is connected, and the length direction of first locator, second locator and the 3rd locator respectively with The length direction of first locating rod, second locating rod and the 3rd locating rod is perpendicular.
4. 4. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that first locating rod, described The other end of two locating rods and the 3rd locating rod respectively with first locator, second locator and described 3rd locator slidingtype connects.
5. 5. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that first locator, described The light-beam transmitter for launching light beam is provided with two locators and the 3rd locator.
6. 6. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that first locating rod, described Two locating rods and the 3rd locating rod offer slide rail each along the length direction of bar, and first locator is arranged at described On the slide rail of first locating rod, second locator is arranged on the slide rail of second locating rod, and the 3rd locator is set In on the slide rail of the 3rd locating rod.
7. 7. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including fix bar, the circle Component is annulus, and the angle locater is fixed in the geometry across being fixed on the annulus by the fix bar At the heart.
8. 8. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that also include being used to position the annulus The geometric center locator of geometric center, is arranged at the geometric center, and by the angle locater and the fix bar It is fixedly connected.
9. 9. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the geometric center locator is fixed Position nail.
10. 10. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the round member be annulus or Disk.
11. 11. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the round member is circumferentially Direction offers chute, the other end and the cunning of first locating rod, second locating rod and the 3rd locating rod Groove slidingtype connects.
12. 12. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the round member is circumferentially Direction has angle index.
13. 13. tibial plateau position measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the angle locater is electronics Angular display unit, the angular display unit have an angle display screen, the angle display screen be used to showing first locating rod, Any angle between the two in second locating rod, the 3rd locating rod.