CN107739884A - A kind of high-conductivity copper alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-conductivity copper alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of copper alloys. The high conductivity copper alloy of the present invention is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 0.3% to 0.6% of Be, 0.8% to 1.5% of Co, the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2 to 3, and the balance is Cu and unavoidable impurities. The high-conductivity copper alloy of the present invention strictly controls the contents of Be, Co, and Cu elements, and controls the mass ratio of Be to Co to be 1:2-3, so that the high-conductivity copper alloy of the present invention has high electrical conductivity and low room temperature. Hardness, electrical conductivity up to 75% IACS above, room temperature hardness above 185HB.

Description

A kind of high conductivity copper alloy and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a high-conductivity copper alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of copper alloys.

Background technique

Roller sleeve materials for high-efficiency continuous casting and rolling of aluminum slabs require copper alloys with excellent conductivity. Beryllium (Be) and cobalt (Co), whose solid solubility decreases sharply with temperature changes, are selected to be added to the copper matrix to prepare beryllium. Bronze alloy, which is a typical heat treatment strengthened copper alloy, is the material of choice to meet the performance requirements of the above fields.

The acquisition of good properties of beryllium bronze alloy requires a reasonable heat treatment process. Among them, the purpose of solid solution treatment is to dissolve as many solute atoms into the copper matrix as possible under the premise of ensuring that the grains do not coarsen, so as to obtain a supersaturated α solid solution, and then prepare the structure for the subsequent aging of the alloy. In addition to being related to temperature, solid solution treatment is also related to holding time, furnace transfer time, and cooling medium. Aging heat treatment is through the decomposition of supersaturated α solid solution and the precipitation and growth of strengthening phase to achieve a significant improvement in alloy performance. In addition to being related to the supersaturated solid solution, it is mainly affected by aging temperature and time.

Li Ningning and others disclosed a Cu-0.23Be-0.84Co alloy and its The preparation method, the conductivity and mechanical properties of the obtained Cu-0.23Be-0.84Co alloy still need to be further improved.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a high-conductivity copper alloy, which has excellent mechanical properties while having high electrical conductivity.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-conductivity copper alloy.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present invention is:

A high-conductivity copper alloy, composed of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.3% to 0.6%, Co 0.8% to 1.5%, the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2 to 3, and the balance is Cu and unavoidable impurities.

The above-mentioned high-conductivity copper alloy is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.4%, Co 1.0%, the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2.5, and the balance is Cu and unavoidable impurities.

The above-mentioned high-conductivity copper alloy is a high-conductivity copper alloy for high-efficiency continuous casting and rolling.

The unavoidable impurities are Al, Si, Fe, Sn.

The total content of the inevitable impurities Al, Si, Fe, Sn≤0.05%.

The technical scheme of the preparation method of high conductivity alloy of the present invention is:

A method for preparing a high-conductivity copper alloy, comprising the following steps:

1) The raw materials are melted and cast, and plastically deformed to obtain plastic processing materials;

2) Keeping the plastic working material at 890-970° C. for 0.5-2 hours under the protection of an inert gas, and then transferring it to water for cooling to complete the solution treatment to obtain an alloy blank; the transfer time is 3-5 seconds;

3) The alloy blank is subjected to cold deformation processing, the deformation amount of the cold deformation is 10% to 95%, and then aging treatment is carried out.

The amount of each raw material in step 1) is calculated according to the mass percentage of each component in the above-mentioned high-conductivity copper alloy.

The raw materials in step 1) are electrolytic copper plate, pure cobalt sheet, and master alloy Cu-3.3Be.

The melting and casting in step 1) is to melt the raw materials at 1150-1250° C. for 30-60 minutes. The order of adding raw materials during melting and casting is electrolytic copper plate, pure cobalt plate, and intermediate alloy Cu-3.3Be.

After the smelting for 30-60 minutes, it is poured and molded at 1200-1300°C. An alloy ingot is obtained after the casting.

The plastic deformation in step 1) is to plastically deform the above alloy ingot.

The plastic deformation in step 1) is forging or extrusion.

The temperature of the plastic deformation in step 1) is 850-950°C, and the time is 0.5-1.5h.

The deformation amount of the plastic deformation in step 1) is 80%-90%.

The inert gas in step 2) is nitrogen or argon.

The heat preservation at 890-970° C. for 0.5-2 hours in step 2) is carried out in a tube furnace.

The transfer time in step 2) is the time when the alloy ingot is taken out from the tube furnace and transferred to water.

The water in step 2) is flowing water. Running tap water is preferred.

The cold deformation in step 3) is cold upsetting or cold drawing.

The deformation amount of the cold heading is preferably 30% to 80%. Because there is a limit to the maximum amount of deformation imposed on the alloy in the height direction, the larger the amount of deformation, the greater the instability of the sample.

The deformation amount of the cold drawing is preferably 50% to 95%. More preferably, it is 90% to 95%. Cold drawing is to deform the cross-sectional area in the length direction through the drawing test machine, the amount of deformation can be very large, and cold drawing can generally be controlled at 10% to 95%, especially through a large amount of deformation (50%- 95%), forming a large number of deformation dislocations in the copper matrix, which provides nucleation power for the precipitation and growth of the strengthening phase in the subsequent aging process, promotes the aging precipitation process, and is conducive to a substantial increase in the hardness of the alloy.

The aging treatment in step 3) is: under the protection of inert gas, keep warm at 400-500° C. for 0.5-8 hours, and then air-cool to room temperature.

The inert gas in the aging treatment process is nitrogen or argon.

The high-conductivity copper alloy of the present invention strictly controls the contents of Be, Co, and Cu elements, and controls the mass ratio of Be to Co to be 1:2-3, so that the high-conductivity copper alloy of the present invention has high electrical conductivity and low room temperature. Hardness, electrical conductivity up to 75% IACS above, room temperature hardness above 185HB.

In the preparation method of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present invention, solid solution treatment is carried out at 890-970° C. for 0.5-2 hours and then transferred to water for cooling in 3-5 seconds. The transfer time is accurately controlled to be 3-5 seconds, and Be and Co are fully solid-dissolved to A supersaturated solid solution is formed in the copper matrix. From the high temperature furnace to the rapid water cooling stage, by controlling the transfer time as short as possible, the supersaturated solid solution that has been formed can be kept as complete as possible, and will not be decomposed due to the transfer time being too long. , which has an obvious effect on maintaining and improving the electrical conductivity of subsequent alloys.

The preparation method of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present invention obtains a high conductivity copper alloy with high conductivity and excellent mechanical properties by strictly controlling the transfer time of solid solution treatment, the mode and amount of deformation of cold deformation, and the temperature and time of aging treatment. copper alloy.

detailed description

Example 1

The high conductivity copper alloy of this embodiment is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.4%, Co 0.8%, the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2, and the impurity components Al, Si, Fe, Sn The total content is ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu.

The preparation method of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) Melting and plastic deformation: Add materials in the order of electrolytic copper plate, pure cobalt sheet, and intermediate alloy Cu-3.3Be, put them in a melting furnace for smelting at 1150°C for 60 minutes, and pour them when they are completely melted and the melt is in a mirror shape. The temperature is 1200°C, cooled to obtain an alloy ingot; the alloy ingot is subjected to extrusion plastic deformation, the temperature of the plastic deformation is 850°C, the time is 1.5h, the amount of plastic deformation is 80%, and the alloy plastic processing material is obtained by cooling;

2) Solution heat treatment: Put the alloy plastic processing material prepared by melting casting and plastic deformation into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace and heat it to 890°C, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then quickly transfer the sample to flowing tap water for cooling. Complete the solution heat treatment to obtain the alloy billet, and the transfer time is 3s;

3) Cold deformation: the alloy blank is deformed in the length direction by cold drawing, and the deformation amount is 80%;

4) Aging heat treatment: Put the cold deformed alloy into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heat up to 400°C with the furnace, keep it for 8 hours, then take the sample out of the tube furnace, and cool it in the air to Serve at room temperature.

The high-conductivity copper alloy Cu-0.4Be-0.8Co prepared in this example has a conductivity of 76.1% IACS and a hardness of 185HB at room temperature, and is especially suitable for use in fields such as high-efficiency continuous casting of aluminum slabs.

Example 2

The high conductivity copper alloy of this embodiment is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.5%, Co 1.5%, and the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:3, and the impurity components Al, Si, Fe, Sn The total content is ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu.

The preparation method of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) Melting and plastic deformation: Add materials in the order of electrolytic copper plate, pure cobalt sheet, and intermediate alloy Cu-3.3Be, put them into a melting furnace and melt at 1170°C for 50 minutes, and pour when all the raw materials are melted and the melt is mirror-like. The pouring temperature is 1220°C, cooled to obtain an alloy ingot; the alloy ingot is subjected to extrusion plastic deformation, the heating temperature for plastic deformation is 870°C, the holding time is 1.2h, the extrusion plastic deformation is 84%, and the alloy is obtained by cooling Plastic processing materials;

2) Solution heat treatment: Put the alloy plastic processing material prepared by melting casting and plastic deformation into the argon-protected tube furnace and raise the temperature to 930°C with the furnace, keep it for 1.5h, and then quickly transfer the sample to the flowing Cool in tap water to complete the solution heat treatment to obtain an alloy blank, and the transfer time is 5s;

3) Cold deformation: the alloy blank is deformed in the length direction by cold drawing, and the deformation amount is 90%;

4) Aging heat treatment: Put the cold deformed alloy into an argon-protected tube furnace and heat it up to 450°C with the furnace, keep it warm for 4 hours, then take the sample out of the heating furnace and cool it in the air to Serve at room temperature.

The high-conductivity copper alloy Cu-0.5Be-1.5Co prepared in this example has a conductivity of 75.6% IACS and a hardness of 193HB at room temperature, and is especially suitable for use in fields such as high-efficiency continuous casting of aluminum slabs.

Example 3

The high conductivity copper alloy of this embodiment is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.4%, Co 1.0%, and the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2.5, and the impurity components Al, Si, Fe, Sn The total content is ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu.

The preparation method of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) Melting and plastic deformation: Add materials in the order of electrolytic copper plate, pure cobalt sheet, and Cu-3.3Be master alloy, put them into a melting furnace for heating and melting, the melting temperature is 1200°C, and the melting time is 40 minutes. When the liquid is in the shape of a mirror, it is poured, the pouring temperature is 1250 ° C, cooled, and the alloy ingot is obtained; the alloy ingot is plastically deformed by forging, the heating temperature of the plastic deformation is 890 ° C, the holding time is 1 hour, and the plastic deformation is 86%. , cooling to obtain alloy plastic processing material;

2) Solution heat treatment: Put the alloy plastic processing material prepared by melting casting and plastic deformation into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace and heat it up to 970°C with the furnace, keep it warm for 0.5h, and then quickly transfer the sample to flowing tap water cooling in the middle, complete the solution heat treatment, and obtain the alloy billet, the transfer time is 4s;

3) Cold deformation: the alloy blank is deformed in the length direction by cold drawing, and the deformation is controlled to 95%;

4) Aging heat treatment: Put the alloy after cold deformation treatment into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace and heat it up to 500°C with the furnace, keep it warm for 2 hours, then take the sample out of the heating furnace, and cool it to room temperature in air , that is.

The high-conductivity copper alloy Cu-0.4Be-1.0Co prepared in this embodiment has a conductivity of 78.9% IACS and a hardness of 204HB at room temperature, and is especially suitable for use in fields such as high-efficiency continuous casting of aluminum slabs.

Example 4

The high conductivity copper alloy of this embodiment is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.3%, Co 0.9%, and the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:3, and the impurity components Al, Si, Fe, Sn The total content is ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu.

The preparation method of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) Melting and plastic deformation: Add materials in the order of electrolytic copper plate, pure cobalt sheet, and Cu-3.3Be master alloy, put them into a melting furnace for heating and melting, the melting temperature is 1230°C, and the melting time is 35 minutes. After all the raw materials are melted and When the melt is in the shape of a mirror, it is poured. The pouring temperature is 1280°C, and it is cooled to obtain an alloy ingot; the alloy ingot is extruded and plastically deformed. The heating temperature for plastic deformation is 920°C, and the holding time is 0.8h. The amount of plastic deformation is 88%, cooling to obtain alloy plastic working material;

2) Solution heat treatment: Put the alloy plastic processing material prepared by melting casting and plastic deformation into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace and heat it up to 900°C with the furnace, keep it warm for 1 hour, and then quickly transfer the sample to flowing tap water Cooling is carried out to complete the solution heat treatment to obtain an alloy blank, and the transfer time is 4s;

3) Cold deformation: the alloy blank is deformed in the height direction by cold upsetting, and the deformation is controlled to 10%;

4) Aging heat treatment: Put the alloy after cold deformation treatment into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace and heat it up to 480°C with the furnace, keep it for 6 hours, then take the sample out of the heating furnace, and cool it to room temperature in air. Instantly.

The high-conductivity copper alloy Cu-0.3Be-0.9Co prepared in this embodiment has a conductivity of 78.2% IACS and a hardness of 191HB at room temperature, and is especially suitable for use in fields such as high-efficiency continuous casting of aluminum slabs.

Example 5

The high conductivity copper alloy of this embodiment is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.6%, Co 1.2%, and the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2, and the impurity components Al, Si, Fe, Sn The total content is ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu.

The preparation method of the high conductivity copper alloy of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) Melting and plastic deformation: Add materials in the order of electrolytic copper plate, pure cobalt sheet, and intermediate alloy Cu-3.3Be, put them into a melting furnace for heating and melting, the melting temperature is 1250°C, and the melting time is 30 minutes. When the liquid is in the shape of a mirror surface, it is poured, the pouring temperature is 1300°C, and the alloy ingot is obtained after cooling; the alloy ingot is subjected to plastic deformation by extrusion, the heating temperature for plastic deformation is 950°C, the holding time is 0.5h, and the amount of plastic deformation is 90%, cooling to obtain alloy plastic processing material;

2) Solution heat treatment: Put the alloy plastic processing material prepared by melting casting and plastic deformation into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace and heat it up to 950°C with the furnace, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then quickly transfer the sample to flowing tap water Cooling is carried out to complete the solution heat treatment to obtain an alloy billet, and the transfer time is 3s;

3) Cold deformation: the alloy blank is deformed in the height direction by cold upsetting, and the deformation is controlled to 80%;

4) Aging heat treatment: Put the alloy after cold deformation treatment into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace and heat it up to 500°C with the furnace, keep it warm for 0.5 hours, then take the sample out of the heating furnace, and cool it in air to room temperature , that is.

The high-conductivity copper alloy Cu-0.6Be-1.2Co prepared in this example has a conductivity of 77.6% IACS and a hardness of 198HB at room temperature, and is especially suitable for use in fields such as high-efficiency continuous casting of aluminum slabs.

Claims (10)

1. A high-conductivity copper alloy, characterized in that it consists of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.3% to 0.6%, Co 0.8% to 1.5%, and the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2 to 3 , the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities. 2. The high-conductivity copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of the following components in mass percentage: Be 0.4%, Co 1.0%, the mass ratio of Be to Co is 1:2.5, the balance For Cu and unavoidable impurities. 3. a preparation method of high conductivity copper alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1) The raw materials are melted and cast, and plastically deformed to obtain plastic processing materials; 2) Keeping the plastic working material at 890-970° C. for 0.5-2 hours under the protection of an inert gas, then transferring it to water for cooling, completing the solid solution treatment, and obtaining an alloy blank; the transfer time is 3-5 s; 3) The alloy blank is subjected to cold deformation processing, the deformation amount of the cold deformation is 10% to 95%, and then aging treatment is carried out. 4. The method for preparing high-conductivity copper alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that the casting in step 1) is melting the raw material at 1150-1250° C. for 30-60 minutes. 5 . The method for preparing a high-conductivity copper alloy according to claim 4 , characterized in that, after the smelting for 30-60 minutes, it is cast at 1200-1300° C. 6 . 6. The preparation method of high conductivity copper alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that the plastic deformation in step 1) is forging or extrusion. 7 . The preparation method of high conductivity copper alloy according to claim 3 , characterized in that, the plastic deformation in step 1) has a temperature of 850-950° C. and a time of 0.5-1.5 h. 8 . The method for preparing a high-conductivity copper alloy according to claim 3 , wherein the amount of plastic deformation in step 1) is 80%-90%. 9. The preparation method of high-conductivity copper alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that the cold deformation in step 3) is cold upsetting or cold drawing. 10. The preparation method of high conductivity copper alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that the aging treatment in step 3) is: under the protection of an inert gas, keep warm at 400-500°C for 0.5-8h, and then air-cool to room temperature .