Based on amino functionalization of YbIIIMetal organic framework material with hexanuclear molecular structural unit and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal organic framework material, in particular to Yb based on amino functionalizationIIIThe metal organic framework material of the hexanuclear molecular structural unit and the application thereof in catalyzing deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
Background
Metal-organic framework Materials (MOFs) are currently a hot research area in coordination chemistry and in material science. The structure of the MOFs is designable, post-synthesis modification can be performed, the pore size is adjustable, and the types of active functional groups can be controlled, so that the MOFs play an important role in the field of catalytic research. Multinuclear metal clusters have become the leading area of greatest interest today. In recent years, discrete four-nucleus, five-nucleus, six-nucleus, seven-nucleus, eight-nucleus, nine-nucleus, ten-nucleus, twelve-nucleus, fifteen-nucleus, etc. have been synthesized one after another. The professor of Longrashigan at Xiamen university utilizes threonine ligand to synthesize four chiral sixty-nucleus rare earth cluster compounds, which are the rare earth cluster compounds with the highest nucleus number found at present. In recent years, with the rapid development of research on multi-core rare earth cluster compounds, functional rare earth cluster metal organic framework materials are synthesized by taking rare earth clusters as molecular structural units, and due to unique structures, abundant holes and functional sites, chemists and materials scientists pay attention to the materials and the materials organic framework materials become a research hotspot.
The tandem reaction is an economical, efficient and environmentally friendly chemical process that has attracted the interest of a large number of chemical researchers. The tandem reaction often refers to a series of reactions in which two or more steps occur continuously and a final product is obtained directly without separating intermediate products, thereby effectively reducing the use of chemicals and the emission of pollutants. Therefore, in the field of organic catalysis, the development of the tandem reaction is bound to become a new development direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to construct a novel Yb based on amino functionalization by using 2-amino terephthalic acid as an organic ligand and utilizing a solvothermal method through adjusting synthesis conditions
IIIThe metal-organic framework of the structural unit of the hexanuclear molecule of (A) and its use as a Lewis acid and a Lewis acid
The alkali bifunctional catalyst has the catalytic performance on deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: amino-based functionalized YbIIIThe metal organic framework material with six nuclear molecular structural units has the molecular formula of [ (CH)3)2NH2][Yb6(μ3-OH)8(BDC-NH2)6(H2O)]·(solv)XThe crystal belongs to a cubic crystal system, the space group is Fm-3m and is composed of [ Yb6(μ3-OH)8(O2C-)12]As a node, from the ligand BDC-NH2The three-dimensional structure formed by bridging comprises a polyhedral cage with octahedron and tetrahedron.
Amino-based functionalized YbIIIThe preparation method of the metal organic framework material with the hexanuclear molecular structural unit comprises the following synthetic steps:
1) reacting 2-amino terephthalic acid (H)2BDC-NH2)、Yb(NO3)3Adding o-fluorobenzoic acid and N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) into a container, stirring at normal temperature to dissolve, adding a small amount of nitric acid and water, and stirringHomogenizing;
preferably, 2-amino terephthalic acid (H) in a molar ratio2BDC-NH2):Yb(NO3)3=1:0.8-1.5;
Preferably, N, N-dimethylformamide to HNO in a volume ratio3=10-15:1。
2) Sealing the container, putting the container into an oven, heating the container under 373-383K, and keeping the container for 3 days; the heating rate is 10 K.min-1;
3) Slowly cooling to room temperature, standing for at least 1 day to obtain crystals; preferably, the cooling rate of the slow cooling to room temperature is 10 K.min-1(ii) a Washing with N, N-dimethylformamide, filtering and drying to obtain the target product.
Amino-based functionalized Yb of the invention
IIIThe metal organic framework material with six-core molecular structural unit contains rich unsaturated Yb (III) center and amino group in the structure, and can be used as Lewis acid and
the alkali bifunctional catalyst is used for catalyzing deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The method comprises the following steps: taking benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal, malononitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide and a catalyst into a reaction tube, and introducing N into the reaction tube under the condition of stirring
2Reacting for 24 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃; the catalyst is the above Yb based on amino functionalization
IIIThe metal-organic framework material of the hexanuclear molecular structural unit. The reaction formula is as follows:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the amino-based functionalized Yb prepared by the invention
IIIThe Yb (III) ions in the metal organic framework material with the six-core molecular structural unit are all nine-coordinated, so that the structure contains rich unsaturated Yb (III) centers which can be used as Lewis acid sites, and ligands contain-NH
2Can be used as
A base site. Thus, the complexes of the invention can be made as Lewis acids and
the alkali bifunctional catalyst shows good catalytic performance for deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction. And because of the amino-functionalized Yb prepared according to the invention
IIIThe hexanuclear molecular structure unit metal organic framework material has simple synthesis method and application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a 12-linked Yb-hexanuclear cluster building block in the structure of a metal-organic framework material according to the invention.
FIG. 2a is a schematic view of an octahedral cage in the structure of the metal-organic framework material of the present invention.
FIG. 2b is a schematic representation of tetrahedral cages in the metal organic framework material structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cage framework structure in the metal-organic framework material structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a NMR chart of the reaction of example 2 with time.
FIG. 5 shows the catalytic activity of the metal organic framework material of the present invention for four cycles of catalytic reactions.
FIG. 6 is an XRD pattern of four cycles of catalytic reactions performed on the metal-organic framework material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1 amino-based functionalization of YbIIIMetal organic framework material with six-core molecular structural unit
H is to be2BDC-NH2(9.0mg,0.048mmol),Yb(NO3)3·6H2O (19.3mg,0.0413mmol) and O-fluorobenzoic acid (48.7mg) were charged into a 5 mL-volume high-temperature resistant screw-top glass bottle, 2.2mL of DMF was added, and the mixture was dissolved under stirring at room temperature, followed by addition of H2O (0.5mL) and 3.57M HNO3(0.2mL) and stirring for 20 minutes until the metal salt is completely dissolved and is uniformly mixed with the organic ligand, sealing the glass bottle and then putting the glass bottle into an oven, wherein the heating rate is 10 K.min-1Heating to 378K, heating at the temperature for 3 days at 10 K.min-1The temperature reduction rate of (1) is slowly cooled to room temperature, octahedral crystals with karite color are generated, and the target product, namely the amino-functionalized Yb is obtained by washing with DMF, filtering and dryingIIIThe yield of the metal organic framework material with the structural unit of the hexanuclear molecule is 63 percent.
The invention synthesized based on amino-functionalized YbIIIThe structure of the metal organic framework material with the six-core molecular structural unit is shown in figures 1-3, the crystal structure belongs to a cubic crystal system, and the space group is Fm-3 m. The molecular formula is [ (CH)3)2NH2][Yb6(μ3-OH)8(BDC-NH2)6(H2O)]·(solv)XThe compound is composed of [ Yb ]6(μ3-OH)8(O2C-)12]As a node, as shown in FIG. 1, from the ligand BDC-NH2Three-dimensional structure formed by bridging. Cation [ (CH)3)2NH2]+As a counter ion, in the pores of the MOF. Each 2-aminoterephthalic acid ligand is bound to four Yb3+Ion coordination, six Yb3+Ions with six oxygens from the carboxyl group of 2-amino terephthalic acid and six mu3-OH coordination. Along the b-axis, the framework comprises polyhedral cages, both octahedral and tetrahedral, as shown in fig. 2a and 2 b.
Example 2 amino-based functionalization of YbIIICatalysis function of metal organic framework material with six-nuclear molecular structural unit on deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction
The method comprises the following steps: amino-functionalized Yb prepared as in example 1IIIThe metal organic framework material with the six-core molecular structural unit is used as a catalyst for catalyzing deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
1) Activating treatment of the catalyst: taking a certain amount of amino-based functionalized YbIIIAnd (3) vacuumizing and drying the metal organic framework material with the six-core molecular structural unit for 24 hours under the heating condition of 298K.
The method comprises the following steps: taking 100mg of activated amino-based functionChemical YbIIIAdding 2.0mmol of benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal, 2.1mmol of malononitrile and 2mL of dimethyl sulfoxide into a 10mL reaction tube, and introducing N under the condition of stirring2The temperature is 50 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 h. The experimental results were detected by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
During the reaction, the amino-based functionalized YbIIIThe experimental results of the catalytic performance of metal organic framework materials with six nuclear molecular structural units on deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction are shown in FIG. 4, the yield of the reaction gradually increases with the reaction, and the conversion rate of the reaction reaches a maximum of 97% when the reaction is carried out for 24 hours.
2) Recyclable and reusable catalyst in Deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction
And (3) recovering the catalyst: after the reaction is finished, filtering, separating the catalyst from the reaction mixture, washing with methanol, soaking in methanol for 4 hours, filtering and drying.
Specific operation of the cycling experiment: the recovered catalyst is used for catalyzing deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction, and the reaction is carried out for 24 hours at 50 ℃.
The results of the experiment are shown in fig. 5 and 6, and the activity of the catalyst is not reduced when the cycle experiment is carried out to the 4 th round. Illustrating the amino-based functionalization of YbIIIThe metal organic framework material with the six-core molecular structural unit can be recycled as a catalyst for catalyzing deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction.