CN107736869B - Double-head full-view colonoscope and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a double-head full-view colon endoscope and a using method thereof, wherein the double-head full-view colon endoscope comprises an operation part, an insertion part and a bending part which are sequentially connected, the double-head full-view colon endoscope comprises a flexible pipe and a flexible shaft which are coaxially distributed, the flexible shaft is positioned in the flexible pipe, eight circular through holes penetrating the operation part, the insertion part and the bending part are arranged in the flexible pipe, a detection pipeline is arranged in the circular through holes, the bending part flexible pipe is provided with two bifurcation parts, blind holes which are symmetrically arranged are additionally arranged on the bifurcation parts, an elastic part is arranged in the blind holes, the bending part is sleeved with a compressing part, the operation part drives the compressing part to move along the axial direction of the bending part by utilizing flexible shaft transmission and screw nut pair transmission, and furcation opening and furling of the bifurcation parts are controlled, so that an adjusting observation angle is realized.

Description

A double-head full-view colon endoscope and its use method

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a double-head full-view colon endoscope and a method of using the same.

Background technique

The global incidence rate of colorectal cancer ranks third among male cancers and second among female cancers. The incidence rate of colorectal cancer in my country has grown at an average annual rate of 4%, which is twice the world level. The reason is that the popularity of colonoscopy in China is low, and the early prevention and early diagnosis of corresponding cancers are not perfect.

Currently, two types of equipment are mainly used for clinical examination of the colon, one is conventional colon endoscopy and the other is capsule endoscopy. The former moves the endoscope forward through the doctor's operation and bends the angle of the front end. At the same time, the endoscope is inflated into the intestinal lumen to expand and expand it, and the inner wall of the intestinal tract is observed and videotaped during the movement. However, current conventional colonoscopy has limited viewing angles and insufficient active bending ability during examination. The inner wall of the intestine is covered with microvilli structures, which are generally wrinkled in vivo, so lesions are hidden behind the folds or deep within the villi. Not easily discovered.

Capsule endoscopy is a new type of testing equipment used for digestive tract examination, especially small intestine examination. Its advantage is that the examination is convenient and painless. However, compared with traditional endoscopy, the emerging capsule endoscopy technology also has shortcomings such as low diagnostic rate and limited functions. First, most capsule endoscopes can only move with intestinal peristalsis, so they cannot repeatedly observe suspected lesions; secondly, lesions hidden on the back of folds or deep in villi are not easily detected by capsule endoscopes. Discover. Limited functionality means that capsule endoscopes currently used clinically can only take pictures and do not have advanced functions such as active walking, biopsy, and medication administration.

In addition, ongoing research on active driving of capsule endoscopy by various research institutions is expected to improve some of the problems existing in existing clinical capsule endoscopy, but there are still problems such as complex peripheral auxiliary systems, expensive equipment, inability to adjust its lens direction, and Problems such as inability to expand the intestines.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above technical shortcomings, the present invention provides a double-head full-view colon endoscope, which aims to solve the problem of the existing conventional colon endoscope's narrow viewing angle, insufficient active bending force, and inability to find the back of the fold or the depth of the villi during the detection process. In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A double-head full-view colon endoscope includes an operating part, an insertion part and a bending part connected in sequence. The insertion part and the bending part are inserted into the human colon, and the operator controls the movement of the bending part through the operation part. The operating part, the insertion part and the bending part all include a coaxially distributed hose and a flexible shaft. The flexible shaft is located inside the hose. The hose has eight penetrating operating parts, an insertion part and a flexible shaft symmetrically distributed along its cross-sectional circle diameter. The circular through hole of the bending part is installed with a detection pipe in the circular through hole. The bending part hose has two bifurcated parts. The bifurcated parts add symmetrically arranged blind holes along its axial direction. The blind holes are There is an elastic member in the hole, which can drive the bifurcation of the two bifurcated parts to open. The bending part is sleeved with a pressing piece, and the operating part uses the soft shaft transmission and the screw nut pair to drive the pressing piece along the direction through the driving device. The axial movement of the bending portion controls the opening and closing of the bifurcation portion.

Further, the detection pipeline includes a light guide tube, a pliers tube, an objective lens tube and a water tube that are symmetrically distributed along the cross-sectional diameter of the hose.

Furthermore, a lighting device is provided at an end position of the light guide tube located in the bending portion.

Furthermore, a biopsy forceps is provided at the end of the forceps tube located in the bend.

Further, a camera is provided at the end of the objective lens tube located in the bend.

Furthermore, a nozzle is provided at the end of the water pipe located in the bend.

Further, the outer circumferential surface of the flexible shaft of the bending part has an external thread structure, and the pressing member is cooperatively connected with the flexible shaft of the bending part through the external thread structure, and controls the bifurcation of the bifurcated part to open. degree.

Further, the pressing member is a hollow nut, including an internal thread structure of the inner ring and a pressing structure of the outer ring. The internal thread structure of the inner ring matches the external thread structure on the flexible shaft of the bending part. The outer ring The compression structure has two cavity structures symmetrically distributed along the cross-sectional diameter of the nut. The cross-sectional shape of the two cavity structures matches the cross-sectional shape of the bifurcated portion. The two bifurcated portions of the hose can be extended into the compression structure. in the two cavities of the structure.

Furthermore, the driving device is a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the end of the flexible shaft in the operating part.

Further, the elastic member is an elastic metal strip, which is bent into a semicircle in a natural state.

Furthermore, the operating part is provided with eight telescopic springs that are placed on the detection pipes. One end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the end face of the operating part hose, and the other end is fixed to one end of the extended hose of the eight detection pipes. The connection is used to automatically compensate for the elongation or shortening of the detection pipe when the bifurcation of the curved bifurcation part opens or closes.

The invention also discloses a method for using a double-head full-view colon endoscope, which includes the following steps:

Step 1: When the colon endoscope is outside the body, the hollow nut is located at the connection position between the bending part and the insertion part. Under the action of the elastic metal strip, the bifurcated part is opened in a free state.

Step 2: Control the motor of the double-head full-view colon endoscope to rotate forward, and the hollow nut moves toward the end of the flexible shaft of the curved part until the hollow nut moves to the end of the flexible shaft of the curved part. At this time, the hollow nut presses the part of the curved part. The fork parts are closed, and the endoscope is operated to enter the human intestine with the smallest diameter.

Step 3: Operate the colonoscope to move within the human intestine to examine the intestines.

Step 4: After the examination is completed, close the bifurcation part and take out the colon endoscope.

Furthermore, in the third step, if the viewing angle needs to be enlarged, the motor is controlled to reverse, the hollow nut moves to one side of the connection between the bending part and the insertion part, and the two bifurcated parts move in opposite directions under the action of the elastic metal strips Expand symmetrically to expand the viewing angle, and can achieve a maximum 180° angle flip of the camera.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The colon endoscope of the present invention has two symmetrically distributed cameras, which simulates the principle of human vision. It can observe the same position in the intestine from two points and obtain images from different viewing angles, which can realize the detection of pixels based on the pixels between the images. matching relationship to obtain the three-dimensional information of feature points.

2. The colon endoscope of the present invention is equipped with an elastic metal strip. The observation angle of the camera is changed through the elastic deformation of the elastic metal strip, and the deformation amount of the elastic metal strip is controlled by the pressing member, so as to achieve the maximum viewing angle of the camera. 180° large angle flip enables multi-angle and full viewing angle observation.

Description of the drawings

The description and drawings that constitute a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation of this application.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the colon endoscope of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the hose of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the direction A in Figure 2 of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the direction B in Figure 2 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic metal strip in its natural state according to the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic metal strip in the folded state of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible shaft of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the hollow nut of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the bending part of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic isometric structural diagram of the operating part of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the bifurcated portion of the present invention in an open state;

Among them: 1. Operating part, 2. Insertion part, 3. Bend part, 31. Bifurcation part, 4. Hose, 5. Flexible shaft, 6. Circular through hole, 7. Rectangular blind hole, 8. Elastic metal Strip, 9. Water pipe, 10. External thread structure, 11. Hollow nut, 111. Internal thread structure, 112. Pressing structure, 1121. Cavity structure, 12. Motor, 13. End cover, 14. Telescopic spring, 15 .Light guide tube, 16.Pliers tube, 17.CCD objective lens tube.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it will be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "includes" are used in this specification, they indicate There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

As introduced in the background art, existing conventional colon endoscopes have technical problems such as narrow viewing angles, insufficient active bending force, and inability to detect lesions on the back of folds or deep within villi. To address the above problems, this application proposes a double-head endoscope. Full view colon endoscopy.

In a typical implementation of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-11, a double-headed full-view colon endoscope includes an operating part 1, an insertion part 2 and a bending part 3 connected in sequence. The operating part, Both the insertion part and the bending part include a coaxially distributed hose 4 and a flexible shaft 5. The flexible shaft is located inside the hose. The hose is made of rubber products, has a certain degree of flexibility, and is formed by injection molding. The flexible shaft is a steel wire flexible shaft, which can realize the transmission of torque. The hose has eight circular through holes 6 that are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of its cross-sectional circle and penetrate the operating part, the insertion part and the bending part.

A detection pipeline is installed in the circular through hole 6. The detection pipeline includes a light guide tube 15, a pliers tube 16, a CCD objective lens tube 17 and a water pipe 9 distributed symmetrically along the cross-section diameter of the hose. The light guide tube is Optical fiber products with flexible metal armor are equipped with LED lights at the ends located in the bends to increase illumination and facilitate observation of the intestines; the forceps tube includes flexible metal armor and wrapped biopsy The forceps operating rope has a biopsy forceps at its end located in the bend, which can perform in vivo sampling of the intestine; the CCD objective lens tube is a CCD camera cable wrapped with a flexible metal armor, and its end located in the bend A CCD camera is provided at the position for collecting image information of the intestine; the end of the water pipe located in the bend is equipped with a nozzle to clean the designated area in the intestine.

The hose of the bending part is cut along its diameter to form two bifurcated parts 31. The cross-sectional shape of the two bifurcated parts is an arc shape smaller than a semicircle. In addition to eight detection pipes, the bifurcated part has , two rectangular blind holes 7 distributed symmetrically along its diameter are also added along its axial direction. An elastic metal strip 8 is installed in the rectangular blind hole. The elastic metal strip is strip-shaped, and its end face shape is similar to the rectangular blind hole. The hole matches the rectangular shape. In the natural state, the elastic metal strip is bent into a semicircle. Therefore, in the natural state, the elastic metal strip can drive the two bifurcated parts to open.

The outer circumferential surface of the flexible shaft of the bent portion has an external thread structure 10, and a hollow nut 11 is assembled on the external thread structure. The hollow nut has an internal thread structure 111 of the inner ring and a compression structure 112 of the outer ring. The hollow nut is assembled on the flexible shaft of the curved part through the internal thread structure of the inner ring. The pressing structure of the outer ring is two cavity structures 1121 distributed symmetrically along the diameter of the nut cross-section. The cross-sections of the two cavity structures are: The arc shape is smaller than a semicircle and matches the cross-sectional shape of the bifurcated part. The two bifurcated parts of the hose can extend into the two cavities of the compression structure. The hollow nut moves along the axial direction of the bending part. In the compression structure Under the action of , the two bifurcated parts can be closed.

The axial movement of the hollow nut 11 along the bending part is driven by a driving device. The driving device is a motor 12 installed in the operating part. The output shaft of the motor is connected to one end of the flexible shaft in the operating part. The rotation of the motor output shaft passes through The flexible shaft transmission drives the rotation of the external thread structure at the other end of the flexible shaft, and uses the screw nut transmission principle to drive the hollow nut to move axially along the bending part, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the bifurcated part. The housing of the motor is located on the output shaft One side is provided with an end cover 13, and the end cover is provided with concentric fixing holes corresponding to the positions of the eight circular through holes. The eight detection pipes extend out of the hose and are extended and fixed through the fixing holes. on the end cap.

The operating part is provided with eight telescopic springs 14. The telescopic springs are sleeved on the detection pipe. One end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the end face of the operating part hose, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end cover, thereby realizing the detection. The fixed connection of the pipe, when the detection pipe is extended or shortened, drives the end cover to move, realizes the compression or elongation of the spring, and then realizes the automatic compensation of the elongation of the detection pipe when the bifurcation part of the bend opens or closes. Amount of shortening.

The invention also discloses a method for using a double-head full-view colon endoscope, which includes the following steps:

Step 1: When the colon endoscope is outside the body, the hollow nut is located at the connection position between the bending part and the insertion part. Under the action of the elastic metal strip, the bifurcated part is opened in a free state.

Step 2: Control the forward rotation of the motor of the double-head full-view colon endoscope to drive the rotation of the flexible shaft. The flexible shaft drives the rotation of the flexible shaft in the bending part. The hollow nut moves to the end of the flexible shaft in the bending part through the screw nut drive. , until the hollow nut moves to the end of the flexible shaft of the bending part. At this time, the hollow nut presses the bifurcated part of the bending part to close it. The endoscope is operated with the smallest diameter and uses the existing conventional colonoscope method to enter the human body. In the intestine.

Step 3: During the movement of the colon endoscope on the human body, the operator can clean the designated area of the intestine through the water pipe, use two CCD cameras to observe and record the 180° full-angle stereoscopic image, and can also use biopsy forceps to conduct in vivo imaging. Sampling, LED lights can increase illumination and facilitate observation.

If you need to expand the observation angle, control the motor to reverse, and the hollow nut moves to one side of the connection between the bending part and the insertion part. The two bifurcated parts expand symmetrically in opposite directions under the action of the elastic metal strip, expanding the observation angle to a maximum of Realize the 180° large-angle flip of the CCD camera.

Step 4: After the examination is completed, bend the bifurcation part and take out the colon endoscope.

Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, they do not limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to perform creative work. Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A double-head full-view colon endoscope, characterized in that it includes an operating part, an insertion part and a bending part connected in sequence. The insertion part and the bending part are inserted into the interior of the human colon, and the operator controls the bending through the operation part. The operation part, the insertion part and the bending part all include coaxially distributed hoses and flexible shafts. The flexible shafts are located inside the hoses. The hoses have eight penetrations symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the cross-sectional circle. The operating part, the insertion part and the circular through hole of the bending part. The detection pipe is installed in the circular through hole. The bending part hose has two bifurcated parts, and the bifurcated part is symmetrically arranged along its axial direction. The blind hole has an elastic member that can drive the bifurcation of the two bifurcated parts to open. The bending part is covered with a pressing member, and the operating part uses a soft shaft transmission and a screw nut pair through the driving device. The transmission drives the pressing member to move along the axial direction of the bending portion, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the bifurcation portion; The outer circumferential surface of the flexible shaft of the bending part has an external thread structure, and the pressing member is cooperatively connected to the flexible shaft of the bending part through the external thread structure; The compression piece is a hollow nut, including an internal thread structure of the inner ring and a compression structure of the outer ring. The internal thread structure of the inner ring matches the external thread structure on the flexible shaft of the bending part. The compression structure of the outer ring The structure has two cavity structures symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the nut cross-section; The cross-sectional shape of the two cavity structures matches the cross-sectional shape of the bifurcated portion, and the two bifurcated portions of the hose can extend into the two cavities of the compression structure; The detection pipeline includes an objective lens tube, and a camera is provided at an end position of the objective lens tube located in the bend; The operating part is provided with eight telescopic springs that are placed on the detection pipes. One end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the end face of the operating part hose, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the extended hose of the eight detection pipes. Detect the elongation or shortening of the pipe when the bifurcation part of the automatic compensation bend opens or closes. 2. A double-headed full-view colon endoscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detection pipeline includes a light guide tube, a forceps tube, an objective tube and a water tube; An illuminating device is provided at the end of the light guide tube located in the bend; A biopsy forceps is provided at the end of the forceps tube located in the bend; A nozzle is provided at the end of the water pipe located in the bend. 3. A double-head full-view colon endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving device is a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the end of the flexible shaft in the operating part. 4. A double-head full-view colon endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic member is an elastic metal strip, which is bent into a semicircle in a natural state.