CN107723003B - Organic matter carbonization system and method thereof - Google Patents
Organic matter carbonization system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107723003B CN107723003B CN201710954484.7A CN201710954484A CN107723003B CN 107723003 B CN107723003 B CN 107723003B CN 201710954484 A CN201710954484 A CN 201710954484A CN 107723003 B CN107723003 B CN 107723003B
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 82
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
- C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic matter carbonization system, which comprises reaction separation equipment and a connecting pipeline for communicating the reaction separation equipment, wherein the reaction separation equipment comprises a sealed feeding device, a cracking machine, a draught fan, an tar separator, a gas cooler and a carbon monoxide separator, a discharge port of the sealed feeding device is connected with a feed inlet of the cracking machine, a cracking gas outlet of the cracking machine is connected with a draught port of the draught fan, a gas outlet of the draught fan is connected with an upper inlet of a side surface of the tar separator, a top outlet of the tar separator is connected with an upper inlet of a side surface of the gas cooler, a top outlet of the gas cooler is connected with a lower inlet of a side surface of the carbon monoxide separator, and an upper outlet of the side surface of the carbon monoxide separator is connected with a gas storage device. The invention has the advantages of low energy consumption, zero emission and capability of treating various garbage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of waste treatment, and particularly relates to an organic matter carbonization system.
Background
Pyrolysis, english "pyrolysis", also known as carbonization in industry, is a chemical decomposition process in which organic matter is decomposed into products such as oil, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, and carbon black by heating in an anaerobic or anoxic environment; the thermal decomposition method is used for treating the garbage, and the thermal instability of organic matters in the garbage is utilized, the garbage is heated, distilled and cracked in an anoxic or anaerobic environment, and various gases, liquids or solids are formed after cooling, so that the product is extracted from the garbage.
With the development of society, the amount of garbage is continuously increased, the quantity and the variety are very high at present, the environment is greatly influenced, and the society advocates changing waste into valuable, so that comprehensive treatment and utilization of garbage are very necessary, and the garbage is a new idea of using garbage as a raw material. However, in the prior art, there are mainly incineration, soil-burial and plasma pyrolysis methods for the treatment of garbage. The incineration method is a method for directly utilizing garbage to be treated in an incineration manner and directly discharging the incinerated flue gas into the atmosphere; the soil burying method is a method of burying garbage in a pit after digging the pit, and covering the surface of the pit with soil to decompose the garbage under the soil; the plasma pyrolysis method is a method of decomposing garbage in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient environment in the presence of plasma. The incineration method and the soil burying method do not comprehensively treat and utilize garbage, and bring secondary pollution to the environment; the plasma pyrolysis method provides a new idea for garbage utilization, but the method has the defects that the process cost is very high, the requirement on a garbage treatment system is complex, large-scale process equipment cannot be manufactured, the garbage treatment efficiency is low, the pyrolysis is an endothermic process, and the process needs a large amount of energy consumption to complete the comprehensive treatment of the garbage.
Therefore, for comprehensive treatment and utilization of garbage, it is highly demanded to provide an organic matter (garbage) treatment system capable of avoiding high energy consumption and low emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provide an organic matter carbonization system which has low energy consumption and zero emission and can treat various garbage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an organic matter carbomorphism system, includes reaction separation equipment and the connecting tube who communicates reaction separation equipment, reaction separation equipment includes sealed feeding device, cracker, draught fan, tar separator, gas cooler and carbon monoxide separator, sealed feeding device's discharge gate is connected with the pan feeding mouth of cracker, the schizolysis gas outlet of cracker is connected with the induced air mouth of draught fan, tar separator's side upper portion entry is connected to the air outlet of draught fan, gas cooler's side upper portion entry is connected to tar separator's top exit linkage, carbon monoxide separator's side lower part entry is connected to gas cooler's top exit linkage, carbon monoxide separator's side upper portion exit linkage gas storage device.
As a further technical scheme, the gas storage device comprises a gas separator, a pressurizer and a gas collection tank, wherein an outlet at the upper side of the carbon monoxide separator is connected with an inlet at the upper side of the gas separator, an air outlet at the top of the gas separator is connected with an inlet of the pressurizer, and an outlet of the pressurizer is connected with the gas collection tank.
As a further technical scheme, the cracking machine comprises a left rotary barrel and a right rotary barrel which are communicated, wherein the outer walls of the left rotary barrel and the right rotary barrel are provided with rotary mechanisms for controlling the barrel to rotate, scraping plates are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the left rotary barrel and the right rotary barrel, an inner heat pipe is communicated inside the left rotary barrel and the right rotary barrel, ignition burners are arranged at two ends of the inner heat pipe, the inner heat pipe is communicated with a carbon dioxide absorber, and the carbon dioxide absorber is communicated with the outside; the right side of the right rotary cylinder body is sealed, and a sealing charging port is arranged at the right upper end of the right rotary cylinder body; the left rotary cylinder body is sealed at the left side, and a sealed discharge port is arranged at the left lower end of the left rotary cylinder body; the lower parts of the left side of the left rotary cylinder and the right side of the right rotary cylinder are respectively provided with a cracking air outlet; the left rotary cylinder body and the right rotary cylinder body are connected through a sloping plate at the joint below the left rotary cylinder body and the right rotary cylinder body, and temperature detection devices are arranged on the left rotary cylinder body and the right rotary cylinder body.
As a further technical solution, the outlet of the pressurizing machine is also connected with an ignition burner.
As a further technical scheme, the sealing feeding device comprises a shell, wherein the right end of the shell is provided with an opening, the upper end of the shell is provided with a feeding opening I, the lower end of the shell is provided with a discharging opening I, the discharging opening I is positioned at the left lower part of the feeding opening I, and the openings are not opposite; the shell is internally provided with a feeding bin capable of moving left and right, the feeding bin comprises a bin body, a baffle III, a baffle II and a baffle I are arranged in the bin body in the left, middle and right vertical direction, the bin body is divided into a left space and a right space which are not communicated, the upper end of the left space is provided with a feeding port II, and the lower end of the left space is provided with a discharging port II; a bracket is arranged on the right side of the baffle I, and the right side of the bracket is connected with a hydraulic cylinder; a push plate is arranged on the right side of the baffle II, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the baffle I to be connected with the push plate; a material separation plate is arranged beside the charging port I and is connected with the shell; be equipped with flow sensor I on the charge door II, be equipped with flow sensor II on the discharge gate II, be equipped with pressure sensor in the space on the left.
As a further technical scheme, the carbon monoxide separator comprises a cylindrical barrel and a conical shell arranged below the cylindrical barrel, wherein the top of the cylindrical barrel is sealed, the bottom of the cylindrical barrel is open, the conical shell is communicated with the bottom of the cylindrical barrel, the cylindrical barrel comprises a tube array and a tube plate, the tube array is arranged on the tube plate, and the tube plate is fixed in the cylindrical barrel; the side wall of the cylindrical barrel body is communicated with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the cooling water inlet is arranged at the left lower part of the side wall, and the cooling water outlet is arranged at the right upper part of the side wall; a partition board I is arranged above the tube plate at the top of the tube array, the area above the tube plate is divided into a left part and a right part which are not communicated, and an automatic exhaust valve is arranged at the left part of the area above the tube plate; a partition plate II is arranged below the tube plate at the bottom of the tube array, the conical shell is divided into a left part and a right part, the bottoms of the left part and the right part of the conical shell are communicated, an automatic drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the left part of the conical shell, a recovery water tank is arranged below the automatic drain valve, and the right part of the conical shell is communicated with a gas booster; the left part of the area above the tube plate is provided with a pressure meter, the right part of the area above the tube plate is provided with a safety valve, and the volume of the right part of the area above the tube plate is larger than that of the left part of the area above the tube plate. The positions of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are in the upper and lower ranges of the tube array, and the left side part of the conical shell is larger in volume than the right side part of the conical shell.
As a further technical scheme, the tar separator, the gas cooler and the gas separator are all cyclone separators.
As a further technical scheme, the outlet pipe in the gas cooler is provided with a spraying mechanism, and the spraying mechanism is connected with the cooling water outlet.
A method for treating organic matter using the organic matter carbonization system as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) And (3) pyrolysis: adding organic matters to be pyrolyzed into a closed anaerobic pyrolysis machine from a sealed feeding device, and pyrolyzing at 600-700 ℃ to obtain mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is CO, water vapor and tar;
(2) Removing tar: introducing the mixed gas into an tar separator from the cracking machine by an induced draft fan, performing cyclone separation, and removing tar;
(3) Dust removal: introducing the mixed gas after tar removal in the step (2) into a gas cooler, spraying and cooling to 250-300 ℃, and performing cyclone separation to remove dust;
(4) Carbon monoxide separation: introducing the mixed gas after dust removal in the step (3) into a carbon monoxide separator, and separating carbon monoxide at the temperature of 150 ℃ under the pressure of 2.5-3MPa to obtain the carbon monoxide with the volume content of more than 90%.
As a further technical scheme, introducing the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 90% in the step (4) into a gas separator for further separation to obtain the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 92%; the organic matters are living garbage, plant waste and garbage with high water content of various tree barks.
As a further technical scheme, the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 92% in the step (5) is sent into a gas recovery tank from one part of a pressurizing machine to be used, and the other part is recovered into an ignition burner to be utilized.
As a further technical scheme, the signals of the flow sensor I, the flow sensor II and the pressure sensor are transmitted to a control system, and the control system transmits instructions to a hydraulic system which controls the hydraulic cylinder to operate.
The carbon dioxide absorber, the ignition burner, the temperature detection device, the control system, the hydraulic system and other equipment can be purchased from the market.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has low energy consumption, zero emission and capability of treating various garbage.
The invention can treat domestic garbage, plant waste and various garbage with high water content of various tree barks, and the thermal energy source of the cracker is separationPart of the discharged CO gas burns heat energy, thereby realizing the recycling of the gas, reducing the energy consumption of the whole equipment and generating CO after CO burning 2 The waste gas is collected by a carbon dioxide absorber and then treated by an environment-friendly dust removing device, and the other part of CO gas can be recycled as household gas; the organic charcoal obtained after cracking by the cracker can be used as industrial raw material; the tar separated by the tar separator can also be directly recycled, thus realizing zero emission of organic garbage treatment.
2. The cracking machine has the advantages of high heat utilization effect, energy conservation, uniform heating and good cracking effect of organic matters (garbage).
The cracker has the inner heat pipe inside the rotating drum, and has greatly raised heat utilizing effect, saving in power, raised heating homogeneity and stability of organic matter, raised cracking effect of organic matter and produced more useful CO and carbon material.
3. The sealing feeding device has good sealing performance.
When the sealed feeding device feeds materials, the feeding port I and the feeding port II are aligned, the discharging port II is blocked by the lower end face of the shell, the baffle III blocks the gas overflowed from the discharging port I, and sealed charging is realized; when discharging, the discharge port II is aligned with the discharge port I, the charging port II is shielded by the upper end surface of the shell, and the charging port I is shielded by the right space of the bin body, so that sealed discharging is realized; the feeding device is in a sealed state in the whole process, so that the leakage of harmful gas is avoided, and meanwhile, the excessive oxygen in the device caused by the fact that part of air enters the pyrolysis device is avoided; the flow sensor and the pressure sensor of the sealed feeding device are used for monitoring the material adding condition, and the control system controls the feeding of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the materials are kept balanced all the time.
4. The carbon monoxide separator of the invention can rapidly treat high-flow mixed gas and has good gas-liquid separation effect
When the gas is in a pressurized state, the solidifying point of the gas rises to 180-230 ℃, and the gas is easier to condense under cooling water with the same temperature to form water drops, so that the water and the gas can be rapidly separated in a large flow (the flow can reach more than 16 cubic meters per minute per square meter), the volume content of the separated carbon monoxide reaches more than 90 percent, the cooling area of equipment is reduced, and the aim of miniaturizing the equipment is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an organic carbonization system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cracker according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the seal charging device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbon monoxide separator of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-cracker, 101-left rotary cylinder, 102-temperature detector, 103-carbon dioxide absorber, 104-right rotary cylinder, 105-sealed feed inlet, 106-ignition burner, 107-cracking air outlet, 108-rotary mechanism, 109-inner heat pipe, 110-inclined plate, 111-scraper, 112-sealed discharge port, 2-sealed feed device, 201-shell, 202-baffle, 203-bin body, 204-flow sensor I, 205-feed inlet I, 206-feed inlet II, 207-push plate, 208-bracket, 209-hydraulic cylinder, 210-baffle I, 211-baffle II, 212-pressure sensor, 213-discharge port I, 214-flow sensor II, 215-baffle III, 216-discharge outlet II, 3-connecting pipeline, 4-induced draft fan, 5-tar separator, 6-gas cooler, 601-spraying mechanism, 7-carbon monoxide separator, 701-automatic exhaust valve, 702-pressure gauge, 703-baffle I, 704-relief valve, 705-cooling water outlet, 706-column pipe, 707-tube plate, 708-gas booster, 709-baffle II, 710-automatic drain valve, 711-recovery water tank, 712-conical shell, 713-cooling water inlet, 714-cylindrical barrel, 8-gas separator, 9-pressurizing machine, 10-gas collection tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope indicated by the examples.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, an organic matter carbonization system comprises reaction separation equipment and a connecting pipeline 3 for communicating the reaction separation equipment, wherein the reaction separation equipment comprises a sealed feeding device 2, a cracking machine 1, a draught fan 4, an oil separator 5, a gas cooler 6 and a carbon monoxide separator 7, a discharge port of the sealed feeding device 2 is connected with a feed inlet of the cracking machine 1, a cracking gas outlet 107 of the cracking machine 1 is connected with a draught port of the draught fan 4, a gas outlet of the draught fan 4 is connected with an upper inlet on the side surface of the oil separator 5, a top outlet of the oil separator 5 is connected with an upper inlet on the side surface of the gas cooler 6, a top outlet of the gas cooler 6 is connected with an inlet on the lower side surface of the carbon monoxide separator 7, and an upper outlet on the side surface of the carbon monoxide separator 7 is connected with a gas storage device.
The gas storage device comprises a gas separator 8, a pressurizer 9 and a gas collection tank 10, wherein an outlet at the upper side of the carbon monoxide separator 7 is connected with an inlet at the upper side of the gas separator 8, an air outlet at the top of the gas separator 8 is connected with an inlet of the pressurizer 9, and an outlet of the pressurizer 9 is connected with the gas collection tank 10.
The cracking machine 1 comprises a left rotary barrel 101 and a right rotary barrel 104 which are communicated, wherein the outer walls of the left rotary barrel 101 and the right rotary barrel 104 are provided with a rotary mechanism 108 for controlling the barrel to rotate, scraping plates 111 are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the left rotary barrel 101 and the right rotary barrel 104, the inside of the left rotary barrel 101 and the right rotary barrel 104 is communicated with an inner heat pipe 109, the two ends of the inner heat pipe 109 are provided with ignition burners 106, the inside of the inner heat pipe 109 is communicated with a carbon dioxide absorber 103, and the carbon dioxide absorber 103 is communicated with the outside; the right side of the right rotary cylinder 104 is sealed, and the right upper end of the right rotary cylinder is provided with a sealed charging port 105; the left rotary cylinder 101 is sealed at the left side, and a sealed discharge port 112 is arranged at the left lower end of the left rotary cylinder; the lower parts of the left side of the left rotary cylinder 101 and the right side of the right rotary cylinder 104 are respectively provided with a cracking air outlet 107; the connection part below the left rotary cylinder 101 and the right rotary cylinder 104 is connected with a sloping plate 110, and the left rotary cylinder 101 and the right rotary cylinder 104 are provided with temperature detection devices 102.
The outlet of the pressurizing machine 9 is also connected to an ignition burner 106.
The sealed feeding device 2 comprises a shell 201, wherein the right end of the shell 201 is provided with an opening, the upper end of the shell 201 is provided with a feeding opening I205, the lower end of the shell 201 is provided with a discharging opening I213, the discharging opening I213 is positioned at the left lower part of the feeding opening I205, and the openings are not opposite; a charging bin capable of moving left and right is arranged in the shell 201, the charging bin comprises a bin body 203, a baffle III 215, a baffle II 211 and a baffle I210 are arranged in the bin body 203 in the left, middle and right vertical direction, the bin body 203 is divided into left and right spaces which are not communicated, a charging port II 206 is arranged at the upper end of the left space, and a discharging port II 216 is arranged at the lower end of the left space; a bracket 208 is arranged on the right side of the baffle I210, and the right side of the bracket 208 is connected with a hydraulic cylinder 209; a push plate 207 is arranged on the right side of the baffle II 211, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 209 penetrates through the baffle I210 to be connected with the push plate 207; a material separation plate 202 is arranged beside the charging port I205, and the material separation plate 202 is connected with the shell 201; the charging port II 206 is provided with a flow sensor I204, the discharging port II 216 is provided with a flow sensor II 214, and the left space is provided with a pressure sensor 212.
The carbon monoxide separator 7 comprises a cylindrical barrel 714 and a conical shell 712 arranged below the cylindrical barrel 714, wherein the top of the cylindrical barrel 714 is sealed, the bottom of the cylindrical barrel 714 is open, the conical shell 712 is communicated with the bottom of the cylindrical barrel 714, the cylindrical barrel 714 comprises a tube array 706 and a tube plate 707, the tube array 706 is arranged on the tube plate 707, and the tube plate 707 is fixed in the cylindrical barrel 714; the side wall of the cylindrical barrel 714 is communicated with a cooling water inlet 713 and a cooling water outlet 705, the cooling water inlet 713 is arranged at the left lower part of the side wall, and the cooling water outlet 705 is arranged at the right upper part of the side wall; a partition board I703 is arranged above a tube plate 707 positioned at the top of the tube array 706, the area above the tube plate 707 is divided into a left part and a right part which are not communicated, and an automatic exhaust valve 701 is arranged at the left part of the area above the tube plate 707; a partition plate II 709 is arranged below a tube plate 707 positioned at the bottom of the tube array 706, the conical shell 712 is divided into a left part and a right part which are communicated with each other at the bottom, an automatic drain valve 710 is arranged at the bottom of the left part of the conical shell 712, a recovery water tank 711 is arranged below the automatic drain valve 710, and the right part of the conical shell 712 is communicated with a gas booster 708; the pressure gauge 702 is provided on the left portion of the area above the tube sheet 707, and the relief valve 704 is provided on the right portion of the area above the tube sheet 707, the right portion of the area above the tube sheet 707 being larger in volume than the left portion of the area above the tube sheet 707. The locations of the cooling water inlet 713 and the cooling water outlet 705 are within the upper and lower ranges of the train pipe 706, and the left part of the conical housing 712 is larger in volume than the right part of the conical housing 712.
The tar separator 5, the gas cooler 6 and the gas separator 8 are all cyclone separators.
The outlet pipe in the gas cooler 6 is provided with a spraying mechanism 601, and the spraying mechanism 601 is connected with a cooling water outlet 705.
Example 2:
a method for treating organic matters by using the organic matter carbonization system in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) pyrolysis: adding organic matters to be pyrolyzed into a closed anaerobic cracker 1 from a sealed feeding device 2, and pyrolyzing at 600 ℃ to obtain mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is CO, water vapor and tar;
(2) Removing tar: introducing the mixed gas into an tar separator 5 from the cracker 1 by an induced draft fan 4, performing cyclone separation, and removing tar;
(3) Dust removal: introducing the mixed gas after tar removal in the step (2) into a gas cooler 6, spraying and cooling to 250 ℃, and performing cyclone separation to remove dust;
(4) Carbon monoxide separation: introducing the mixed gas after dust removal in the step (3) into a carbon monoxide separator 7, and separating carbon monoxide at the temperature of 150 ℃ under the pressure of 2.5MPa to obtain the carbon monoxide with the volume content of more than 90%.
(5) Introducing the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 90% in the step (4) into a gas separator 8 for further separation to obtain the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 92%; the organic matters are living garbage, plant waste and garbage with high water content of various tree barks.
Example 3:
a method for treating organic matters by using the organic matter carbonization system in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) pyrolysis: adding organic matters to be pyrolyzed into a closed anaerobic cracker 1 from a sealed feeding device 2, and pyrolyzing at 700 ℃ to obtain mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is CO, water vapor and tar;
(2) Removing tar: introducing the mixed gas into an tar separator 5 from the cracker 1 by an induced draft fan 4, performing cyclone separation, and removing tar;
(3) Dust removal: introducing the mixed gas after tar removal in the step (2) into a gas cooler 6, spraying and cooling to 300 ℃, and performing cyclone separation to remove dust;
(4) Carbon monoxide separation: introducing the mixed gas after dust removal in the step (3) into a carbon monoxide separator 7, and separating carbon monoxide at 3MPa and 150 ℃ to obtain the carbon monoxide with the volume content of more than 90%.
(5) Introducing the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 90% in the step (4) into a gas separator 8 for further separation to obtain the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 92%; the organic matters are living garbage, plant waste and garbage with high water content of various tree barks.
The working principle of the sealing and feeding device 2 is as follows:
the device is started, a pressure sensor 212 detects whether the material in the material adding bin is excessive or not, a signal is sent to a control system, if the requirement is not met, a hydraulic system is started, a hydraulic cylinder 209 is retracted, a bin body 203 is moved rightwards, a material inlet I205 and a material inlet II 206 are aligned, a material falls into the bin body from the upper part, a material outlet II 216 is blocked by the lower end face of a shell 201, a baffle III 215 blocks gas overflowed from the material outlet I213, the outside and the inner cavity are isolated, and sealing charging is realized; data are collected through a flow sensor I204, a flow sensor II 214 and a pressure sensor 212 in the feeding process, a control system controls feeding through analyzing and collecting the data, after the feeding is completed, a hydraulic cylinder 209 is started to push a push plate 207, a bin body 203 moves left, a discharge port II 216 is aligned with a discharge port I213, materials move downwards under the action of gravity into a pyrolysis device, the upper end face of a shell 201 shields a feed port II 206, a right space of the bin body 203 shields a feed port I205, and sealing discharging is achieved.
The working principle of the cracking machine 1 of the invention is as follows:
when high-moisture organic materials (garbage) (hereinafter referred to as materials) enter a right rotary cylinder 104 through a sealing charging port 105, a heat pipe 109 in the cylinder heats water for evaporation, the materials slowly move to the left and evaporate water, the water and generated CO are discharged to the next purification treatment process through a right cracking gas outlet 107 under the conveying of the right rotary cylinder 104 (under the action of a scraper 111), and carbon dioxide in the heat pipe 109 is collected by a carbon dioxide absorber 103 and then is treated by an external environment-friendly dust collector; when the water content of the material reaches the left rotary cylinder 101, the water content is reduced to below 8%, at this time, the material generates CO and carbon raw materials under the condition of high temperature and oxygen deficiency, and the CO and part of water are discharged to the next purification treatment process through the left cracking gas outlet 107.
Part of the CO after the purification treatment process can be used for an ignition burner 106, and the size of the flame is automatically adjusted according to a signal given by the cracking temperature set by the temperature detection device 102, so that the temperature of the inner heat pipe 109 is constant and uniform, and the energy consumption is saved.
The working principle of the carbon monoxide separator 7 of the present invention is:
the mixed gas of the high-temperature vapor and the carbon monoxide is pressurized by a gas booster 708 and enters the right part of the conical shell 712, then rises into the tube array 706, reaches the right part of the area above the tube plate 707, returns back into the tube array 706 for continuous condensation, enters the left part of the conical shell 712, returns back into the tube array 706, and is discharged through the automatic exhaust valve 701 at the left part of the area above the tube plate 707; due to the increase in pressure, the freezing point temperature of water increases, water vapor is solidified in the low-temperature tube array 706 to form water droplets, the water droplets flow down under the action of gravity, the water droplets are collected to a certain gravity and then pushed away to drain by the automatic drain valve 710, and the water flows into the recovery water tank 711. The volume content of the separated carbon monoxide gas reaches more than 90 percent.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured or operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are merely specific examples for further detailed description of the object, technical solution and advantageous effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the scope of the present disclosure are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an organic matter carbomorphism system, includes reaction separation equipment and connecting tube (3) with reaction separation equipment intercommunication, its characterized in that: the reaction separation equipment comprises a sealed feeding device (2), a cracking machine (1), an induced draft fan (4), an oil separator (5), a gas cooler (6) and a carbon monoxide separator (7), wherein a discharge hole of the sealed feeding device (2) is connected with a feed inlet of the cracking machine (1), a cracking gas outlet (107) of the cracking machine (1) is connected with an induced draft hole of the induced draft fan (4), an air outlet of the induced draft fan (4) is connected with an upper inlet on the side surface of the oil separator (5), a top outlet of the oil separator (5) is connected with an upper inlet on the side surface of the gas cooler (6), a top outlet of the gas cooler (6) is connected with an lower inlet on the side surface of the carbon monoxide separator (7), and an upper outlet on the side surface of the carbon monoxide separator (7) is connected with a gas storage device;
the cracking machine (1) comprises a left rotary barrel (101) and a right rotary barrel (104) which are communicated, a rotary mechanism (108) for controlling the barrel to rotate is arranged on the outer walls of the left rotary barrel (101) and the right rotary barrel (104), scraping plates (111) are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the left rotary barrel (101) and the right rotary barrel (104), an inner heat pipe (109) is communicated inside the left rotary barrel (101) and the right rotary barrel (104), ignition burners (106) are arranged at two ends of the inner heat pipe (109), a carbon dioxide absorber (103) is communicated inside the inner heat pipe (109), and the carbon dioxide absorber (103) is communicated with the outside; the right side of the right rotary cylinder body (104) is sealed, and the right upper end of the right rotary cylinder body is provided with a sealed feeding port (105); the left rotary cylinder body (101) is sealed at the left side, and a sealed discharge port (112) is arranged at the left lower end of the left rotary cylinder body; the lower parts of the left side of the left rotary cylinder (101) and the right side of the right rotary cylinder (104) are respectively provided with a cracking air outlet (107); the connection part below the left rotary cylinder body (101) and the right rotary cylinder body (104) is connected with an inclined plate (110), and the left rotary cylinder body (101) and the right rotary cylinder body (104) are provided with temperature detection devices (102)
The sealing feeding device (2) comprises a shell (201), wherein the right end of the shell (201) is provided with an opening, the upper end of the shell (201) is provided with a feeding opening I (205), the lower end of the shell (201) is provided with a discharging opening I (213), the discharging opening I (213) is positioned at the left lower part of the feeding opening I (205), and the openings are not opposite; a charging bin capable of moving left and right is arranged in the shell (201), the charging bin comprises a bin body (203), a baffle III (215), a baffle II (211) and a baffle I (210) are arranged in the bin body (203) in the left, middle and right vertical directions, the bin body (203) is divided into a left space and a right space which are not communicated, a charging port II (206) is formed in the upper end of the left space, and a discharging port II (216) is formed in the lower end of the left space; a bracket (208) is arranged on the right side of the baffle I (210), and the right side of the bracket (208) is connected with a hydraulic cylinder (209); a push plate (207) is arranged on the right side of the baffle II (211), and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (209) penetrates through the baffle I (210) to be connected with the push plate (207); a material separation plate (202) is arranged beside the charging port I (205), and the material separation plate (202) is connected with the shell (201); the charging port II (206) is provided with a flow sensor I (204), the discharging port II (216) is provided with a flow sensor II (214), and the left space is internally provided with a pressure sensor (212);
the carbon monoxide separator (7) comprises a cylindrical barrel (714) and a conical shell (712) arranged below the cylindrical barrel (714), wherein the top of the cylindrical barrel (714) is sealed, the bottom of the cylindrical barrel is open, the conical shell (712) is communicated with the bottom of the cylindrical barrel (714), the cylindrical barrel (714) comprises a tube array (706) and a tube plate (707), the tube array (706) is arranged on the tube plate (707), and the tube plate (707) is fixed in the cylindrical barrel (714); the side wall of the cylindrical barrel (714) is communicated with a cooling water inlet (713) and a cooling water outlet (705), the cooling water inlet (713) is arranged at the left lower part of the side wall, and the cooling water outlet (705) is arranged at the right upper part of the side wall; a partition board I (703) is arranged above a tube plate (707) positioned at the top of the tube array (706), the area above the tube plate (707) is divided into a left part and a right part which are not communicated, and an automatic exhaust valve (701) is arranged at the left part of the area above the tube plate (707); a partition plate II (709) is arranged below a tube plate (707) positioned at the bottom of the tube array (706), the conical shell (712) is divided into a left part and a right part, the bottom of the left part of the conical shell (712) is provided with an automatic drain valve (710), a recovery water tank (711) is arranged below the automatic drain valve (710), and the right part of the conical shell (712) is communicated with a gas booster (708); a pressure meter (702) is arranged on the left part of the area above the tube plate (707), a safety valve (704) is arranged on the right part of the area above the tube plate (707), and the volume of the right part of the area above the tube plate (707) is larger than that of the left part of the area above the tube plate (707); the cooling water inlet (713) and the cooling water outlet (705) are positioned in the upper and lower ranges of the row pipe (706), and the left part of the conical shell (712) is larger in volume than the right part of the conical shell (712).
2. The organic matter carbonization system according to claim 1, wherein: the gas storage device comprises a gas separator (8), a pressurizer (9) and a gas collection tank (10), wherein an outlet at the upper side of the carbon monoxide separator (7) is connected with an inlet at the upper side of the gas separator (8), an air outlet at the top of the gas separator (8) is connected with the inlet of the pressurizer (9), and an outlet of the pressurizer (9) is connected with the gas collection tank (10).
3. The organic matter carbonization system according to claim 2, wherein: the outlet of the pressurizing machine (9) is also connected with an ignition burner (106).
4. The organic matter carbonization system according to claim 2, wherein: the tar separator (5), the gas cooler (6) and the gas separator (8) are all cyclone separators.
5. The organic matter carbonization system according to claim 1, wherein: and a spraying mechanism (601) is arranged on an outlet pipe in the gas cooler (6), and the spraying mechanism (601) is connected with the cooling water outlet (705).
6. A method for treating organic matter using the organic matter carbonization system according to claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) And (3) pyrolysis: adding organic matters to be pyrolyzed into a closed anaerobic cracker (1) from a sealed feeding device (2), and pyrolyzing at 600-700 ℃ to obtain mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is CO, water vapor and tar;
(2) Removing tar: introducing the mixed gas into an tar separator (5) from the cracker (1) by an induced draft fan (4), and performing cyclone separation to remove tar;
(3) Dust removal: introducing the mixed gas after tar removal in the step (2) into a gas cooler (6), spraying and cooling to 250-300 ℃, and performing cyclone separation to remove dust;
(4) Carbon monoxide separation: introducing the mixed gas after dust removal in the step (3) into a carbon monoxide separator (7), and separating carbon monoxide at the temperature of 150 ℃ under the pressure of 2.5-3MPa to obtain the carbon monoxide with the volume content of more than 90%.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: introducing the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 90% in the step (4) into a gas separator (8) for further separation to obtain the carbon monoxide gas with the volume content of more than 92%; the organic matters are living garbage, plant waste and garbage with high water content of various tree barks.
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