CN107706997A - Intelligent equalization controller switching equipment, intelligent equalization distribution system and compound energy system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent balanced power distribution device, which is used to realize voltage balance between several battery group modules. The intelligent balanced power distribution device includes: each first electrode access terminal is used to connect the first electrode terminal of the corresponding battery group module , the second electrode access end is used to connect the second electrode end of the battery group module; the negative total interface unit is connected to the second electrode access end; the first end of each main branch module is respectively connected to the corresponding first electrode access end and the first end of the corresponding pre-charging circuit module, and the second end of each main branch circuit module is respectively connected to the positive total interface unit and the second end of the corresponding pre-charging circuit module; each pre-charging circuit module includes the first A switching element and a power resistor, each main branch module includes a second switching element. It can effectively prevent the circulation problem between the battery packs, balance the voltage between the battery packs, and improve the battery life and driving safety.

Description

Intelligent balanced power distribution equipment, intelligent balanced power distribution system and composite energy system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to intelligent balanced power distribution equipment, an intelligent balanced power distribution system and a composite energy system.

Background technique

With the development of hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles and energy storage power sources in China, the demand for high-energy battery packs and energy equipment is increasing. At present, most battery packs increase the capacity of the battery pack by connecting a series of batteries in series and in parallel to meet the demand for high power. In order to meet the increasing power demand of high-power equipment, it is necessary to connect more battery packs in parallel in the design of the power supply, and the inconsistency of the performance parameters of the single battery makes the direct parallel connection between the battery packs cause the circulation phenomenon, and the internal formation of the battery Circulating current, and uncontrollable and unpredictable charge and discharge will occur between the batteries in the battery pack, resulting in overcharge and overdischarge of the battery or supercapacitor, affecting the service life of the battery.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide an intelligent balanced power distribution equipment, an intelligent balanced power distribution system and a composite energy system, which can effectively prevent the circulation problem between the battery packs, balance the voltage between the battery packs, and improve the battery life and driving safety. .

In order to achieve the above purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent balanced power distribution device, which is used to realize voltage balance among several battery grouping modules in a battery unit, and the battery unit includes several battery grouping modules; the intelligent balanced power distribution The system includes: several first electrode access terminals, second electrode access terminals, several pre-charging circuit modules, several main branch circuit modules, positive total interface unit and negative total interface unit; wherein,

Each of the first electrode access terminals is used to connect to the first electrode terminal of the corresponding battery group module, and the second electrode access terminal is used to connect to the second electrode terminal of the battery group module; The negative total interface unit is connected to the second electrode access terminal;

The first end of each main branch module is respectively connected to the corresponding first electrode access port and the corresponding first end of the pre-charging circuit module, and the second end of each main branch module Respectively connect the positive total interface unit and the corresponding second end of the pre-fill circuit module;

Each of the pre-charging circuit modules includes a first switching element and a power resistor, the first end of the first switching element serves as the first end of the pre-charging circuit module, and the second end of the first switch is connected to The first end of the power resistor, the second end of the power resistor is used as the second end of the pre-charging circuit module;

Each of the main branch modules includes a second switch element, the first end of the second switch element serves as the first end of the main branch module, and the second end of the second switch element serves as the The second end of the first end of the main branch module.

Further, it also includes a first capacitor access terminal, which is used to connect to the first electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit; the second electrode access terminal is also used to connect to the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit;

Wherein, the supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the first end of the DC/DC converter serves as the first circuit of the supercapacitor unit. Extremely, the second end of the DC/DC converter serves as the second electrode end of the supercapacitor unit.

Compared with the prior art, the intelligent balanced power distribution equipment disclosed in the present invention is equipped with several main branch modules, and each main branch module is used to control the on-off of the external charging and discharging of the corresponding battery grouping module, and is connected with the main branch module. The branch circuit module corresponds to the pre-charging circuit module to achieve voltage balance between the battery group modules. By disconnecting the main branch circuit module and closing the pre-charging circuit module, the terminal voltages between the battery group modules are basically equal to eliminate the circulation phenomenon. The technical solution solves the problem of the circulation current formed inside the battery in the prior art, and uncontrollable and unpredictable charging and discharging will occur between the batteries in the battery pack, resulting in overcharging and overdischarging of the battery or supercapacitor, affecting the use of the battery The question of longevity.

Further, it also includes:

The first communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the pre-fill circuit module to control the opening and closing of the pre-charge circuit module, and the control terminal of the pre-charge circuit module is connected to the first communication access terminal;

The second communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the main branch module to control the opening and closing of the main branch module, and the control terminal of the main branch module is connected to the second communication access terminal;

The third communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the main interface unit to control the opening and closing of the main interface unit, and the control terminal of the main interface unit is connected to the third communication access terminal;

The fourth communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the negative total interface unit to control the opening and closing of the negative total interface unit, and the control terminal of the negative total interface unit is connected to the fourth communication access terminal.

Further, the positive total interface unit includes a positive charge interface and a positive discharge interface, and the negative total interface unit includes a negative charge interface and a negative discharge interface.

Further, it also includes a number of current detection modules and a fifth communication output terminal, the first end of each main branch circuit module is connected to the corresponding first electrode access terminal through the corresponding current detection module; the current detection module The feedback end of the feedback terminal is connected to the fifth communication output end; each of the current detection modules is used to obtain the current on the branch;

Each of the current detection modules includes a shunt, the first end of the shunt is connected to the corresponding first electrode access end, and the second end of the shunt is connected to the corresponding main branch module. The first end, the feedback end of the shunt is connected to the fifth communication output end as the feedback end of the current detection module.

Further, it also includes: a plurality of first fuses, each of the main branch modules is connected to the positive master interface unit through the corresponding first fuses.

Further, the positive main interface unit also includes a first main relay, and the negative main interface unit also includes a second main relay;

Both the positive charging interface and the positive discharging interface are used to connect the second end of each main branch module through the first main relay, and the control terminal of the first main relay serves as the positive main interface the control terminal of the unit;

Both the charging negative interface and the discharging negative interface are used to connect the second electrode terminals of each of the battery slice units through the second main relay, and the control terminal of the second main relay is used as the negative main interface The control terminal of the unit.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an intelligent balanced power distribution system, including the above-mentioned intelligent balanced power distribution equipment, and also includes a management unit, and the management unit includes a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, and a third communication terminal , the fourth communication terminal, the fifth communication terminal and the sixth communication terminal; wherein, the first communication terminal is connected to the first communication access terminal, and the second communication terminal is connected to the first communication access terminal , the third communication terminal is connected to the third communication access terminal, the fourth communication terminal is connected to the fourth communication access terminal, and the fifth communication terminal is connected to the fifth communication output terminal; the sixth The communication terminal is used to connect the control terminal of each battery pack module.

Further, the management unit also includes:

The seventh communication terminal is used to connect the control terminal of the supercapacitor unit; wherein, the supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the supercapacitor The control terminal of the unit is respectively connected to the control terminal of the supercapacitor and the control terminal of the DC/DC converter.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a composite energy system, including the above-mentioned intelligent balanced power distribution system, and also includes:

A battery pack unit, the battery pack unit also includes several battery pack modules; each of the first electrode access terminals is connected to the first electrode terminal of the battery pack module, and the second electrode access terminal is connected to the battery The second electrode terminal of the grouping module; the control terminal of each battery grouping module is connected to the sixth communication terminal; further, the battery grouping module can also include a battery management system BMS to provide power in addition to the necessary battery for power supply The batteries in the battery pack module are managed and controlled accordingly;

A supercapacitor unit, the first electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit is connected to the first capacitor access terminal, the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit is connected to the second electrode access terminal, and the supercapacitor unit The control terminal is connected to the seventh communication terminal;

The supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the first terminal of the DC/DC converter serves as the first terminal of the supercapacitor unit. Extremely, the second terminal of the DC/DC converter is used as the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit; the control terminal of the supercapacitor unit is respectively connected to the control terminal of the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter the control terminal.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent balanced power distribution device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent balanced power distribution system in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite energy system in an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent balanced power distribution device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which is used to realize voltage balance among several battery pack modules in a battery pack unit, and the battery pack unit includes several battery pack modules; in addition, Refer to a possible implementation manner of connecting the intelligent balanced power distribution equipment to the management unit EMS in FIG. 2 , and refer to a possible implementation manner of connecting the intelligent balanced power distribution equipment to the battery unit in FIG. 3 .

The intelligent balanced power distribution system of this embodiment includes: several first electrode access terminals, second electrode access terminals, several pre-charging circuit modules, several main branch circuit modules, positive total interface units and negative total interface units; wherein,

Each of the first electrode access terminals is used to connect to the first electrode terminal of the corresponding battery group module, and the second electrode access terminal is used to connect to the second electrode terminal of the battery group module; The negative total interface unit is connected to the second electrode access terminal;

The first end of each main branch module is respectively connected to the corresponding first electrode access port and the corresponding first end of the pre-charging circuit module, and the second end of each main branch module Respectively connect the positive total interface unit and the corresponding second end of the pre-fill circuit module;

Each of the pre-charging circuit modules includes a first switching element and a power resistor, the first end of the first switching element serves as the first end of the pre-charging circuit module, and the second end of the first switch is connected to The first end of the power resistor, the second end of the power resistor is used as the second end of the pre-charging circuit module;

Each of the main branch modules includes a second switch element, the first end of the second switch element serves as the first end of the main branch module, and the second end of the second switch element serves as the The second end of the first end of the main branch module.

Further, it also includes a first capacitor access terminal, which is used to connect to the first electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit; the second electrode access terminal is also used to connect to the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit;

Wherein, the supercapacitor unit preferably includes a supercapacitor SC and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor SC and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the first end of the DC/DC converter is used as the terminal of the supercapacitor unit. The first electrode terminal and the second terminal of the DC/DC converter serve as the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit. Two kinds of energy storage elements with different terminal voltages are connected by a DC/DC converter, and each energy storage device is directly controlled. The battery pack and supercapacitor can be deeply discharged so that their stored energy can be fully utilized and the service life of the battery is extended.

The power resistor and the first switching element in series with the power resistor form a pre-charging circuit module, which is used to avoid the circulation phenomenon between the battery packs. Switching elements, so that the battery pack modules in the battery pack unit form a parallel relationship, and the battery pack module branch with a higher voltage will charge the battery pack module branch with a lower voltage until all the battery pack modules The module voltage is basically balanced, and there is no circulating current in the circuit. Then, the first switching element of the pre-charging circuit of each battery grouping module is turned off, and the second switching element on the branch circuit of each battery grouping module is closed to start external discharge.

Further, both the first switch element and the second switch element use a relay as the switch element; the relay is an "automatic switch" of an electrical control device. It makes the controlled quantity undergo a predetermined step change, and plays the role of automatic adjustment, safety protection, conversion circuit, etc. in the circuit.

Further, it also includes:

The first communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the pre-fill circuit module to control the opening and closing of the pre-charge circuit module, and the control terminal of the pre-charge circuit module is connected to the first communication access terminal;

The second communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the main branch module to control the opening and closing of the main branch module, and the control terminal of the main branch module is connected to the second communication access terminal;

The third communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the main interface unit to control the opening and closing of the main interface unit, and the control terminal of the main interface unit is connected to the third communication access terminal;

The fourth communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the negative total interface unit to control the opening and closing of the negative total interface unit, and the control terminal of the negative total interface unit is connected to the fourth communication access terminal.

It should be noted that, in the actual circuit diagram or application of the different communication access ports and communication output ports in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the first communication access port and the second communication access port can be combined into one signal output port , the third communication access port and the fourth communication access port can be combined into a signal output port, which is connected by a communication cable/serial port or other forms of signal lines.

Further, the positive total interface unit includes a positive charge interface and a positive discharge interface, and the negative total interface unit includes a negative charge interface and a negative discharge interface.

The positive total interface unit and the negative total interface unit are used as input and output port units, in addition to mainly including the charging interface and the discharging interface (load interface), in addition, it may also include an air conditioner interface and a DC/DC interface. That is, the positive total interface unit may also include an air conditioner positive interface and a DC/DC positive interface; the negative total interface unit may also include an air conditioner negative interface and a DC/DC negative interface.

Preferably, a relay is provided on the pre-charging circuit module. In order to better play the role of the relay, in this embodiment, a positive total interface unit is set to connect to the pre-charging circuit module; of course, in other embodiments, according to circuit requirements, The embodiment in which the positive overall interface unit is replaced by the negative overall interface unit, and the negative overall interface unit is replaced by the positive overall interface unit is also within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

Further, it also includes a number of current detection modules and a fifth communication output terminal, the first end of each main branch circuit module is connected to the corresponding first electrode access terminal through the corresponding current detection module; the current detection module The feedback end of the current detection module is connected to the fifth communication output end; each of the current detection modules is used to obtain the current on the branch.

Each of the current detection modules includes a shunt FL, the first end of the shunt FL is connected to the corresponding first electrode access end, and the second end of the shunt FL is connected to the corresponding main branch The first end of the circuit module, the feedback end of the shunt FL is used as the feedback end of the current detection module and connected to the fifth communication output end.

The fifth communication output terminal mainly includes the current data read from the shunt FL to the branch corresponding to each battery group module, and the fifth communication output terminal feeds back the received current data to the corresponding management unit EMS.

Further, it also includes: several first fuses Fuse1, each main branch module is connected to the positive main interface unit through the corresponding first fuse Fuse1.

The first fuse Fuse1 is connected in series with the main branch circuit module. When the current on the main branch circuit exceeds the specified value, the heat generated by itself will fuse the fuse, so as to disconnect the circuit and act as a protector for short circuit and overcurrent.

Further, the positive main interface unit also includes a first main relay, and the negative main interface unit also includes a second main relay;

Both the positive charging interface and the positive discharging interface are used to connect the second end of each main branch module through the first main relay, and the control terminal of the first main relay serves as the positive main interface the control terminal of the unit;

Both the charging negative interface and the discharging negative interface are used to connect the second electrode terminals of each of the battery grouping modules through the second main relay, and the control terminal of the second main relay serves as the negative main interface The control terminal of the unit.

Through the intelligent balanced power distribution equipment, when discharging, by closing the relays of each pre-charging circuit module, the terminal voltage of the branch circuit of each battery group module in the battery unit is basically equal, eliminating the circulation phenomenon. After the circulation phenomenon is eliminated, Disconnect the relay of the pre-charging circuit module and close the relays of each main branch circuit module, and the battery pack unit supplies power to the outside.

Further, the first total relay of the positive total interface unit is connected to each sub-interface (including the positive charging interface, the positive discharge interface, the positive interface of the air conditioner and the positive DC/DC interface) through a corresponding second fuse Fuse2, and the negative The second main relay of the main interface unit is connected to each sub-interface (including charging negative interface, discharging negative interface, air-conditioning negative interface and DC/DC negative interface) through another corresponding second fuse Fuse2 to realize overcurrent protection.

In addition, the intelligent balanced power distribution equipment can also control the mutual charge and discharge between each battery group module, battery group module and super capacitor, and the battery balance is good. When the voltages between the cells in the battery pack are not equal, in order to avoid the phenomenon of circulating current, by controlling the corresponding relays, the battery grouping modules whose state of charge is higher than the reference state of charge of the battery pack are controlled to supply power to the supercapacitor, or to other charged The battery group module whose state is lower than the reference state of charge of the battery pack unit is charged; and when the state of charge of the super capacitor is higher than the reference state of charge of the super capacitor, the other state of charge of the battery pack can also be charged by the super capacitor The battery pack module is charged with reference to the state of charge of the unit. Because supercapacitors have fast charging and discharging rates and high efficiency, supercapacitors are used first to charge the battery group module, and then use the battery group module higher than the reference state of charge of the battery group to charge the reference state of charge of the battery pack unit. Status battery pack mode charging. Finally, the balance between the battery pack grouping modules and between the battery pack grouping modules and the supercapacitor is good, and the terminal voltages are equal.

This embodiment can effectively prevent the circulation problem between the battery packs, balance the voltage between the battery packs, and improve the battery life and driving safety.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an intelligent balanced power distribution system. Referring to FIG. 2, this embodiment includes the above-mentioned intelligent balanced power distribution equipment, and also includes a management unit EMS, and the management unit EMS includes a first communication terminal, The second communication terminal, the third communication terminal, the fourth communication terminal, the fifth communication terminal and the sixth communication terminal; wherein, the first communication terminal is connected to the first communication access terminal, and the second communication terminal is connected to The first communication access terminal, the third communication terminal is connected to the third communication access terminal, the fourth communication terminal is connected to the fourth communication access terminal, and the fifth communication terminal is connected to the The fifth communication output end; the sixth communication end, used to connect the control end of each battery pack module.

Further, the management unit EMS also includes:

The seventh communication terminal is used to connect the control terminal of the supercapacitor unit; wherein, the supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor SC and a DC/DC converter, and the supercapacitor SC and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the The control terminal of the supercapacitor unit is respectively connected to the control terminal of the supercapacitor SC and the control terminal of the DC/DC converter.

It should be noted that, since the different communication access terminals and communication output terminals in this embodiment are in the actual circuit diagram or application, the first communication access terminal and the second communication access terminal in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 can be combined As a signal output port, the third communication access port and the fourth communication access port can be combined into a signal output port, then correspondingly, the first communication port and the second communication port can be combined into a signal input port, and the third communication port can be combined into a signal output port. The communication terminal and the fourth communication terminal can be combined into a signal input port. The signal output port and the signal input port are connected by a communication cable/serial port or other forms of signal lines.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a composite energy system, as shown in Figure 3, this embodiment includes the above-mentioned intelligent balanced power distribution system, and also includes:

A battery pack unit, the battery pack unit also includes several battery pack modules; each of the first electrode access terminals is connected to the first electrode terminal of the battery pack module, and the second electrode access terminal is connected to the battery The second electrode terminal of the grouping module; the control terminal of each battery grouping module is connected to the sixth communication terminal;

A supercapacitor unit, the first electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit is connected to the first capacitor access terminal, the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit is connected to the second electrode access terminal, and the supercapacitor unit The control terminal is connected to the seventh communication terminal;

The supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor SC and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the first end of the DC/DC converter serves as the first terminal of the supercapacitor unit electrode terminal, the second terminal of the DC/DC converter is used as the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit; the control terminal of the supercapacitor unit is respectively connected to the control terminal of the supercapacitor SC and the DC/DC The control terminal of the converter.

In addition, the composite energy system in the embodiment of the present invention may also include a main control unit VCS: the main control objects of the main control unit VCS include main controller, motor controller, battery management system, multi-energy management system, vehicle body control management system, information display systems and communication systems. The information transfer between the systems is realized through the networking of the network communication system. In this system, the management unit EMS is connected with the main control unit through CAN for data exchange and instruction transfer.

Preferably, this embodiment can be applied to an electric vehicle as an energy system of the vehicle to meet the power input and output requirements of the vehicle. Of course, this embodiment can also be applied to other high-power electrical equipment, such as charging piles.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also considered Be the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent balanced power distribution device, characterized in that it is used to realize voltage balance between several battery pack modules in the battery unit, and the intelligent balanced power distribution device includes: several first electrode access terminals, second electrode Access terminal, several pre-charging circuit modules, several main branch circuit modules, positive total interface unit and negative total interface unit; among them, Each of the first electrode access terminals is used to connect to the first electrode terminal of the corresponding battery group module, and the second electrode access terminal is used to connect to the second electrode terminal of the battery group module; The negative total interface unit is connected to the second electrode access terminal; The first end of each main branch module is respectively connected to the corresponding first electrode access port and the corresponding first end of the pre-charging circuit module, and the second end of each main branch module Respectively connect the positive total interface unit and the corresponding second end of the pre-fill circuit module; Each of the pre-charging circuit modules includes a first switching element and a power resistor, the first end of the first switching element serves as the first end of the pre-charging circuit module, and the second end of the first switch is connected to The first end of the power resistor, the second end of the power resistor is used as the second end of the pre-charging circuit module; Each of the main branch modules includes a second switch element, the first end of the second switch element serves as the first end of the main branch module, and the second end of the second switch element serves as the The second end of the first end of the main branch module. 2. The intelligent balanced power distribution device according to claim 1, further comprising a first capacitor access terminal for connecting to the first electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit; the second electrode access terminal also includes used to connect the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit; Wherein, the supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the first end of the DC/DC converter serves as the first circuit of the supercapacitor unit. Extremely, the second end of the DC/DC converter serves as the second electrode end of the supercapacitor unit. 3. The intelligent balanced power distribution equipment according to claim 1, further comprising: The first communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the pre-fill circuit module to control the opening and closing of the pre-charge circuit module, and the control terminal of the pre-charge circuit module is connected to the first communication access terminal; The second communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the main branch module to control the opening and closing of the main branch module, and the control terminal of the main branch module is connected to the second communication access terminal; The third communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the main interface unit to control the opening and closing of the main interface unit, and the control terminal of the main interface unit is connected to the third communication access terminal; The fourth communication access terminal is used to access the control signal of the negative total interface unit to control the opening and closing of the negative total interface unit, and the control terminal of the negative total interface unit is connected to the fourth communication access terminal. 4. The intelligent balanced power distribution device according to claim 1, wherein the positive total interface unit includes a positive charge interface and a positive discharge interface, and the negative total interface unit includes a negative charge interface and a negative discharge interface. 5. The intelligent balanced power distribution device according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of current detection modules and a fifth communication output terminal, and the first end of each main branch module is connected through a corresponding current detection module Corresponding to the first electrode access terminal; the feedback terminal of the current detection module is connected to the fifth communication output terminal; each of the current detection modules is used to obtain the current on the branch; Each of the current detection modules includes a shunt, the first end of the shunt is connected to the corresponding first electrode access end, and the second end of the shunt is connected to the corresponding main branch module. The first end, the feedback end of the shunt is connected to the fifth communication output end as the feedback end of the current detection module. 6. The intelligent balanced power distribution device according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of first fuses, each of the main branch modules is connected to the positive main interface through the corresponding first fuse unit. 7. The intelligent balanced power distribution device according to claim 3, wherein the positive main interface unit further comprises a first main relay, and the negative main interface unit further comprises a second main relay; Both the positive charging interface and the positive discharging interface are used to connect the second end of each main branch module through the first main relay, and the control terminal of the first main relay serves as the positive main interface the control terminal of the unit; Both the charging negative interface and the discharging negative interface are used to connect the second electrode terminals of each of the battery slice units through the second main relay, and the control terminal of the second main relay is used as the negative main interface The control terminal of the unit. 8. An intelligent balanced power distribution system, characterized in that it includes the intelligent balanced power distribution equipment described in any one of claims 1 to 7 above, and also includes a management unit, the management unit includes a first communication terminal, a second The communication terminal, the third communication terminal, the fourth communication terminal, the fifth communication terminal and the sixth communication terminal; wherein, the first communication terminal is connected to the first communication access terminal, and the second communication terminal is connected to the The first communication access terminal, the third communication terminal is connected to the third communication access terminal, the fourth communication terminal is connected to the fourth communication access terminal, and the fifth communication terminal is connected to the first communication terminal. Five communication output terminals; the sixth communication terminal is used to connect the control terminal of each battery pack module. 9. A kind of intelligent balanced power distribution system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, the management unit further comprises: The seventh communication terminal is used to connect the control terminal of the supercapacitor unit; wherein, the supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the supercapacitor The control terminal of the unit is respectively connected to the control terminal of the supercapacitor and the control terminal of the DC/DC converter. 10. A composite energy system, characterized in that it comprises the intelligent balanced power distribution system according to claim 9, further comprising: A battery pack unit, the battery pack unit also includes several battery pack modules; each of the first electrode access terminals is connected to the first electrode terminal of the battery pack module, and the second electrode access terminal is connected to the battery The second electrode terminal of the grouping module; the control terminal of each battery grouping module is connected to the sixth communication terminal; A supercapacitor unit, the first electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit is connected to the first capacitor access terminal, the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit is connected to the second electrode access terminal, and the supercapacitor unit The control terminal is connected to the seventh communication terminal; The supercapacitor unit includes a supercapacitor and a DC/DC converter, the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter are connected in parallel, and the first end of the DC/DC converter serves as the first terminal of the supercapacitor unit. Extremely, the second terminal of the DC/DC converter is used as the second electrode terminal of the supercapacitor unit; the control terminal of the supercapacitor unit is respectively connected to the control terminal of the supercapacitor and the DC/DC converter the control terminal.