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CN107686883B - A method of for space camera structure stabilization - Google Patents

A method of for space camera structure stabilization Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107686883B
CN107686883B CN201710633672.XA CN201710633672A CN107686883B CN 107686883 B CN107686883 B CN 107686883B CN 201710633672 A CN201710633672 A CN 201710633672A CN 107686883 B CN107686883 B CN 107686883B
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benchmark
block
vertex
gauge block
reference gauge
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CN107686883A (en
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罗世魁
曹东晶
李明
兰丽艳
任海培
高超
陈芳
唐璐
罗廷云
史姣红
孙海洋
张宁
宗肖颖
杜建祥
张建国
王聪
潘宁贤
岳聪
张志飞
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Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology
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Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，该方法将相机结构组件与稳定化试验工装连接，安装基准量块，进行三坐标测量，记录基准量块位置；然后进行小量级消应力试验，试验后通过三坐标测量基准量块位置变化判定组件敏感部位位置变化。若变化量超出要求值，则再次进行小量级消应力试验，若变化量小于要求值，则继续进行稳定性试验。试验后判定位置变化量，若变化量超出要求值，则重复上述操作直至变化量小于要求值，结构达到稳定；若变化量小于要求值，则继续进行热循环试验。试验后判定位置变化量，若变化量超出要求值，则再次进行热循环试验，直至变化量小于要求值，结构达到稳定；若变化量小于要求值，则试验结束，组件结构达到稳定。

The invention relates to a method for stabilizing a space camera structure. The method connects the camera structure components with the stabilization test tooling, installs a reference gauge block, performs three-coordinate measurement, and records the position of the reference gauge block; Stress test, after the test, the position of the component is determined by the three -coordinate measurement of the base block position. If the variable volume exceeds the required value, a small -scale savage stress test is performed again. If the variable volume is less than the required value, the stability test will continue. Determine the amount of position change after the test. If the amount of change exceeds the required value, repeat the above operations until the amount of change is less than the required value and the structure is stable; if the amount of change is less than the required value, continue the thermal cycle test. Determine the amount of position change after the test. If the amount of change exceeds the required value, perform the thermal cycle test again until the amount of change is less than the required value and the structure is stable; if the amount of change is less than the required value, the test ends and the structure of the component becomes stable.

Description

A method of for space camera structure stabilization
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for space camera structure stabilization, especially a kind of to be used for space remote sensor pair Size or the higher modular construction of position accuracy demand reach stable method, belong to space camera structure integration techno logy field.
Background technique
Space camera structure during processing adjustment, inside configuration may generate following stress: casting by metal material Make, weld and cutting process in, inside parts can generate residual stress；In each part process formed dimensional tolerance, Shaped position tolerance can generate erection stress；Flexible structure deformation can generate residual stress in component internal；Carbon fiber composite For material after being glued assembling, inside generates residual stress etc..The stress of component internal can lead to the dimensional stability of camera structure Decline with mechanical performance.
Oscillating aging, heat aging and natrual ageing can reduce the residual stress of structure, but the time required to natrual ageing Longer, low efficiency, therefore majority using oscillating aging and heat aging reduces machining stress in part processing.By Zhao Changxi In " research of the vibratory stress reliefing technical application " described in the text delivered on the 3rd phase in 2008 " Aerospace manufacturing technology ": vibration It is exactly that periodic active force is applied to metal component.In vibration processes, be applied to the active force of metal component each section with Internal residual stress superposition, when being superimposed yield limit of the amplitude greater than metal component, the sliding of these point lattices is generated small Plastic deformation achievees the purpose that discharge residual stress.Heat aging is to accelerate to answer by the way that workpiece is heated to phase transition temperature or less Power release, period shorten dramatically compared with natrual ageing, are widely used.
General oscillating aging and heat aging are usually used in part processing, can eliminate biggish machining stress, but right In the camera structure component that assembly is completed, the especially component containing sensible parts such as optical elements, general oscillating aging and heat Aging process can not be implemented.And for space camera, to guarantee image quality, need the stability of certain optical modules In a μm grade, general method for removing stress be cannot achieve for control.Therefore it need to be directed to component characteristic, to stress-removal vibration condition and thermal vacuum Condition carries out strict control.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: having overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of for space camera structure Stabilized method, this method promote precision components structure to be rapidly reached stabilization by mechanics, thermal cycling test.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
A method of for space camera structure stabilization, steps are as follows:
(1) construction package to be stabilized in space camera is fixedly installed to the surface of tooling；
(2) benchmark gauge block is fixedly mounted on the position to be tested of construction package and tooling, obtains assembly；
(3) three-dimensional coordinates measurement is carried out to the assembly that step (2) obtains, records the positional value W1 of benchmark gauge block；
(4) the small magnitude stress-removal that the assembly that step (3) obtains carries out tri- directions X, Y, Z on a vibration table is vibrated Test；
(5) assembly obtained to step (4) carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, records the positional value W2 of benchmark gauge block, and with step Suddenly the positional value W1 that (3) obtain is compared, and obtains location variation δ 1, repeats to walk if location variation δ 1 is greater than required value Suddenly (4) carry out the small magnitude stress-removal vibration test in tri- directions X, Y, Z again, if location variation δ 1 is less than or equal to required value Then carry out step (6)；
(6) the stability vibration test in tri- directions X, Y, Z is carried out on a vibration table to the assembly that step (5) obtains；
(7) assembly obtained to step (6) carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, records the positional value W3 of benchmark gauge block, and with step Suddenly the positional value W2 that (5) obtain is compared, and obtains location variation δ 2, repeats to walk if location variation δ 2 is greater than required value Suddenly (4-6) carries out step (8) if location variation δ 2 is less than or equal to required value；
(8) thermal cycling test is carried out to the assembly that step (7) obtains；
(9) assembly obtained to step (8) carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, records the positional value W4 of benchmark gauge block, and with step Suddenly the positional value W3 that (7) obtain is compared, and obtains location variation δ 3, repeats to walk if location variation δ 3 is greater than required value Suddenly (8), the off-test if location variation is less than or equal to required value.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
(1) the method for the present invention is combined by mechanical test with thermal cycling test, is eliminated the machining stress in component, is assembled Stress etc. can make structure be rapidly reached stabilization；
(2) the method for the present invention uses small magnitude, the method for test of many times, it is ensured that the safety of camera structure；
(3) the method for the present invention is by the way that camera structure component to be connect with tooling, and high-precision is installed in tooling and component Benchmark gauge block replaces the deformation of construction package with the change in location of benchmark gauge block, simplifies measurement method, saves time of measuring；
(4) the method for the present invention by establish two coordinate systems, repeatedly measure, take 3 points calculate position of centre of gravitys variation sides Method guarantees the accuracy of measurement data；
(5) a kind of method for space camera structure stabilization by camera structure component and stabilizes test tool company It connects, reference for installation gauge block, carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, record benchmark gauge block position；Then small magnitude stress-removal test, test are carried out Component sensitive part change in location is determined by three-dimensional coordinates measurement benchmark gauge block change in location afterwards.If variable quantity exceeds required value, Small magnitude stress-removal test is then carried out again continues stability test if variable quantity is less than required value.Determine after test Location variation, if variable quantity exceeds required value, repeatedly for aforesaid operations until variable quantity is less than required value, structure reaches steady It is fixed；If variable quantity is less than required value, continue thermal cycling test.Location variation is determined after test, if variable quantity exceeds Required value then carries out thermal cycling test again, until variable quantity is less than required value, structure reaches stable；It is wanted if variable quantity is less than Evaluation, then off-test, modular construction have reached stabilisation.The method of the present invention is tested by multiple power, heat aging, can be made to ruler The higher modular construction of very little or position accuracy demand reaches stable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of test method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of assembly in test method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that rectangular coordinate system O1X1Y1Z1 establishes figure in method of the invention；
Fig. 4 is that rectangular coordinate system O2X2Y2Z2 establishes figure in method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
A method of for space camera structure stabilization, steps are as follows:
(1) construction package 2 to be stabilized in space camera is fixedly installed to the surface of tooling 1；The tooling 1 is used In the switching of construction package 2 and shake table, i.e., after construction package 2 is installed in tooling 1, tooling 1 is pacified together with construction package 2 It is attached on shake table, for carrying out vibration test；The interface of benchmark gauge block is also provided in tooling 1；
(2) three benchmark gauge blocks 5 are uniformly fixedly mounted at the position to be tested of construction package 2, three benchmark gauge blocks 5 are distinguished For benchmark gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3；
Uniformly be fixedly mounted three benchmark gauge blocks 4 first in tooling 1, three benchmark gauge blocks 4 be respectively benchmark gauge block B1, Benchmark gauge block B2 and benchmark gauge block B3；The line of centres of benchmark gauge block B1 and construction package 2 is denoted as L1, benchmark gauge block B2 and structure The line of centres of component 2 is denoted as L2, and the line of centres of benchmark gauge block B3 and construction package 2 is denoted as L3, angle between L1 and L2, Angle, L1 between L2 and L3 and the angle between L3 are 120 °；By benchmark gauge block B1 and on the straight line vertical with L1 Benchmark gauge block A2 and benchmark gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A2 and benchmark gauge block A3 are located at the two sides of benchmark gauge block B1 there are two being also distributed And the distance of benchmark gauge block A2 to benchmark gauge block B1 with benchmark gauge block A3 being equidistant to benchmark gauge block B1；Passing through datum quantity Also there are two benchmark gauge block A4 and benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A4 and benchmark gauge block for distribution on block B2 and the straight line vertical with L2 A5 is located at the two sides of benchmark gauge block B2 and the distance of benchmark gauge block A4 to benchmark gauge block B2 and benchmark gauge block A5 to benchmark gauge block B2 Be equidistant；Also there are two benchmark gauge block A1 and benchmark gauge blocks for distribution on process benchmark gauge block B3 and the straight line vertical with L3 A6, benchmark gauge block A1 and benchmark gauge block A6 be located at the two sides of benchmark gauge block B3 and the distance of benchmark gauge block A1 to benchmark gauge block B3 with Benchmark gauge block A6 is equidistant to benchmark gauge block B3's, obtains assembly；
During three-dimensional coordinates measurement, above-mentioned benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, Benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 And five non-mounting surface of benchmark gauge block C3 can be measured to；
(3) assembly for obtaining step (2) carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W1 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3；
(4) assembly that step (2) obtains is fixedly installed on shake table, carries out the small magnitude in tri- directions X, Y, Z Stress-removal vibration test；
(5) three-dimensional coordinates measurement is carried out to the assembly that step (4) obtains, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W2 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3, and the positional value W1 obtained with step (3) is compared, Location variation is obtained, repeats step (4) if location variation is greater than required value, if location variation is less than or equal to required value Then carry out step (6)；
(6) assembly obtained to step (4) is fixedly installed on shake table, carries out the stability in tri- directions X, Y, Z Vibration test；
(7) three-dimensional coordinates measurement is carried out to the assembly that step (6) obtains, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W3 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3, and the positional value W2 obtained with step (5) is compared, Location variation is obtained, repeats step (4-6) if location variation is greater than required value, if location variation is less than or equal to require Value then carries out step (8)；
(8) thermal cycling test is carried out to the assembly that step (7) obtains；
(9) three-dimensional coordinates measurement is carried out to the assembly that step (8) obtains, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W4 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3, and the positional value W3 obtained with step (7) is compared, Location variation is obtained, repeats step (8) if location variation is greater than required value, if location variation is less than or equal to required value Then off-test.
In the step (1), tooling 1 is generally circular in cross section or square, and size is bigger than construction package 2, provides installation knot The interface of structure component 2 and benchmark gauge block, fundamental frequency are greater than 5 times of 2 fundamental frequency of construction package；
Benchmark gauge block in the step (2) is 20mm × 20mm × 20mm stainless steel cube, and centre punching is used In being fixed in tooling 1；The planarity requirements in remaining 5 face are 0.002mm in addition to mounting surface, and it is 90 ° that angle, which requires, ± 40″；
In the step (4), small magnitude stress-removal vibration test condition will be lower than stability vibration test, be stability 3/4ths of vibration test condition；
In the step (6), the condition of stability vibration test is a given value, which is generally a song Line is the vibration test condition that construction package 2 to be stabilized is decomposed from space camera subsystem；
In the step (8), thermal cycling test condition is general are as follows: vacuum degree is better than 1.3X10-3Pa；Rate of temperature change is not Greater than 3 DEG C/1h；Temperature cycles: room temperature keeps the temperature 4h to 45 DEG C, then cools to 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4h；Cycle-index: 2 times；
In the step (3), (5) and (7), when three-dimensional coordinates measurement, if a vertex of benchmark gauge block A1 is vertex A1, A vertex of benchmark gauge block A2 is vertex A2, and a vertex of benchmark gauge block A3 is vertex A3, a top of benchmark gauge block A4 Point is vertex A4, and a vertex of benchmark gauge block A5 is vertex A5, and a vertex of benchmark gauge block A6 is vertex A6, benchmark gauge block A vertex of B1 is vertex B1, and a vertex of benchmark gauge block B2 is vertex B2, and a vertex of benchmark gauge block B3 is vertex A vertex of B3, benchmark gauge block C1 are vertex C1, and a vertex of benchmark gauge block C2 is vertex C2, one of benchmark gauge block C3 Vertex is vertex C3；
The acquisition methods of the vertex A1 of benchmark gauge block A1 are as follows: the intersection point by measuring three adjacent planes obtains；Other The acquisition methods on vertex are the same as vertex A1；
Rectangular coordinate system O1X1Y1Z1 is defined as: origin O1 be vertex A3 to vertex A1 and vertex A5 line intersection point； The line of origin O1 to vertex A5 is X1 axis；The line of origin O1 to vertex A3 is Y1 axis；Z1 axis is determined according to the right-hand rule；
Rectangular coordinate system O2X2Y2Z2 is defined as: origin O2 be vertex A6 to vertex A2 and vertex A4 line intersection point； The line of origin O2 to vertex A2 is X2 axis；The line of origin O2 to vertex A6 is Y2 axis；Z2 axis is determined according to the right-hand rule；
In the step (3), (5) and (7) when three-dimensional coordinates measurement, respectively in coordinate system O1X1Y1Z1 and O2X2Y2Z2 Measure the coordinate of vertex A1-A6, B1-B3, C1-C3；Duplicate measurements twice, records such as table 1；
The coordinate value of table 1 vertex A1-A6, B1-B3, C1-C3
In the step (3), (5) and (7) when three-dimensional coordinates measurement, point on the basis of the A1-A6 of vertex tests correspondence point Subtracting each other variation should be less than being equal to 3 μm；Vertex B1-B3 change in location value is replaced by the variation of the position of centre of gravity B of B1-B3, is divided into Level variation and vertical variation, two changes of direction are respectively less than 3 μm；The judgement of vertex C1-C3 and calculation method and B1-B3 phase Together；It is calculated under OX1Y1Z1 and OX2Y2Z2 coordinate system respectively, detailed calculation method is as follows:
Vertex B1-B3 change in location value is replaced by the variation of the position of centre of gravity B of B1-B3, the position of centre of gravity of vertex B1-B3 The horizontal variation of B are as follows:
The vertical change of the position of centre of gravity B of vertex B1-B3 are as follows:
It is as shown in Figure 1 the flow diagram of test method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the structure of experimental rig used in the method for the present invention Composition figure.Wherein 1 is the camera structure component for stabilize test, and 2 be test tool, and component need to be designed with tooling and be connect Mouth connection.3,4,5 in Fig. 2 be benchmark gauge block, is respectively labeled as A, B, C, and each benchmark gauge block is cube, design interface It connect with tooling, and is fixed in 502 glue of surrounding point.By coordinate system shown in Fig. 3,4, the vertex of each gauge block is respectively defined as A1- A6、B1-B3、C1-C3。
The assembly of Fig. 2 is subjected to vibration test stress-removal and thermal cycling test stress-removal, wherein vibration test condition point Two kinds: stability vibration test condition and small magnitude stress-removal vibration test condition.Stability vibration test condition generally from Camera subsystem decomposes the vibration test condition of component, and small magnitude stress-removal vibration test condition will be lower than stability vibration examination It tests, is recommended as 3/4ths of stability vibration test.Vibration front and back carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, determinating reference gauge block top every time The changes in coordinates amount of point, determines whether modular construction is stable with this.If unstable rule repetitive vibrations test stress-removal, if stablizing Carry out thermal cycling test stress-removal.Thermal cycling test stress-removal condition is general are as follows: vacuum degree is better than 1.3X10-3Pa；Temperature change Rate is not more than 3 DEG C/1h；Temperature cycles: room temperature → 45 DEG C (heat preservation 4h) → 20 DEG C (heat preservation 4h)；Cycle-index: 2 times.Thermal cycle Test front and back carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, and the changes in coordinates amount on determinating reference gauge block vertex determines whether modular construction is steady with this It is fixed.If unstable rule repeated thermal cycles test stress-removal, if stablizing off-test.
In carrying out the whether stable three-dimensional coordinates measurement of decision structure, Fig. 3 is the foundation of coordinate system O1X1Y1Z1, foundation side Method are as follows: O1 is the intersection point of A3 to straight line A1A5, is that Y1 axis establishes rectangular co-ordinate with O1A3 with O1A5 for X1 axis using O1 as origin It is O1X1Y1Z1.Fig. 4 is the foundation of coordinate system O2X2Y2Z2, method for building up are as follows: O2 is that the intersection point of A6 to straight line A2A4 are with O2 Origin is that Y2 axis establishes rectangular coordinate system O2X2Y2Z2 with O2A6 with O2A2 for X2 axis.Respectively in coordinate system O1X1Y1Z1, The coordinate of measurement point A1-A6, B1-B3, C1-C3 in O2X2Y2Z2.Duplicate measurements twice, records；Angle is calculated according to coordinate data Degree evidence.Point on the basis of A1-A6, test correspondence point subtract each other variation and should be less than 3 μm；B1-B3 change in location by B1-B3 weight The variation of heart position B replaces, and is divided into horizontal variation and vertical variation, and two changes of direction is respectively less than 3 μm；The judgement of C1-C3 And calculation method is identical as B1-B3.
This test method can be combined by mechanical test with thermal cycling test, eliminated the machining stress in component, filled With stress etc., structure can be made to be rapidly reached stabilization, guarantee that dimensional stability and position of the modular construction after machine assembly are stablized Property.It can be widely applied to various to dimensional stability and the higher structure type of positional stability required precision.
Embodiment
The outer profile size of the construction package 2 of space camera be Φ 200mm × 100mm, tooling 1 having a size of Φ 720mm × 70mm。
It is required that the frequency range of stability vibration test is 20~2000Hz, total root mean square is 4.87grms, load time It is 2 minutes.During mechanical test and thermal cycling test, determinating reference gauge block change in location required value is less than or equal to 3 μm.
The stabilized test method of construction package, process are as follows:
(1) construction package 2 to be stabilized in space camera is fixedly installed to the surface of tooling 1；The tooling 1 is used In the switching of construction package 2 and shake table, i.e., after construction package 2 is installed in tooling 1, tooling 1 is pacified together with construction package 2 It is attached on shake table, for carrying out vibration test；The interface of benchmark gauge block is also provided in tooling 1；
(2) three benchmark gauge blocks are uniformly fixedly mounted at the position to be tested of construction package 2, respectively benchmark gauge block C1, Benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3；
Three benchmark gauge blocks, respectively benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2 and base is uniformly fixedly mounted first in tooling 1 Quasi- gauge block B3；The line of centres of benchmark gauge block B1 and construction package 2 is denoted as L1, the center company of benchmark gauge block B2 and construction package 2 Line is denoted as L2, and the line of centres of benchmark gauge block B3 and construction package 2 is denoted as L3, angle, L2 between L1 and L2 and between L3 Angle between angle, L1 and L3 is 120 °, and L1, L2, L3 length are 220mm；It hangs down by benchmark gauge block B1 and with L1 Also there are two benchmark gauge block A2 and benchmark gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A2 and benchmark gauge block A3 to be located at datum quantity for distribution on straight straight line The two sides of block B1 and the distance of benchmark gauge block A2 to benchmark gauge block B1 being equidistant to benchmark gauge block B1 with benchmark gauge block A3, For 225mm；It is also being distributed by benchmark gauge block B2 and on the straight line vertical with L2 there are two benchmark gauge block A4 and benchmark gauge block A5, Benchmark gauge block A4 and benchmark gauge block A5 is located at the two sides of benchmark gauge block B2 and the distance and base of benchmark gauge block A4 to benchmark gauge block B2 Quasi- gauge block A5 being equidistant to benchmark gauge block B2, is 225mm；It is gone back by benchmark gauge block B3 and on the straight line vertical with L3 Distribution there are two benchmark gauge block A1 and benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block A1 and benchmark gauge block A6 be located at benchmark gauge block B3 two sides and The distance of benchmark gauge block A1 to benchmark gauge block B3 being equidistant to benchmark gauge block B3 with benchmark gauge block A6, is 225mm, obtains Assembly；
(3) assembly for obtaining step (2) carries out three-dimensional coordinates measurement, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W1 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3；
(4) assembly that step (2) obtains is fixedly installed on shake table, carries out the small magnitude in tri- directions X, Y, Z Stress-removal vibration test；
(5) three-dimensional coordinates measurement is carried out to the assembly that step (4) obtains, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W2 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3, and the positional value W1 obtained with step (3) is compared, Location variation is obtained, repeats step (4) if location variation is greater than required value, if location variation is less than or equal to required value Then carry out step (6)；
(6) assembly obtained to step (4) is fixedly installed on shake table, carries out the stability in tri- directions X, Y, Z Vibration test；
(7) three-dimensional coordinates measurement is carried out to the assembly that step (6) obtains, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W3 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3, and the positional value W2 obtained with step (5) is compared, Location variation is obtained, repeats step (4-6) if location variation is greater than required value, if location variation is less than or equal to require Value then carries out step (8)；
(8) thermal cycling test is carried out to the assembly that step (7) obtains；
(9) three-dimensional coordinates measurement is carried out to the assembly that step (8) obtains, records benchmark gauge block A1, benchmark gauge block A2, benchmark Gauge block A3, benchmark gauge block A4, benchmark gauge block A5, benchmark gauge block A6, benchmark gauge block B1, benchmark gauge block B2, benchmark gauge block B3, benchmark The positional value W4 of gauge block C1, benchmark gauge block C2 and benchmark gauge block C3, and the positional value W3 obtained with step (7) is compared, Location variation is obtained, repeats step (8) if location variation is greater than required value, if location variation is less than or equal to required value Then off-test.
It is as shown in table 2 to stabilize test procedural test data.It can be seen that according to data in table and tested by the stabilisation The location variation of method, modular construction measurement point gradually becomes smaller, and the final requirement met less than or equal to 3 μm, component internal is answered Power release, structure tend towards stability, and method is effective.
Table 2 stabilizes the test data during test
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1.一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于步骤如下：1. A method for spatial camera structure stabilization, characterized in that the steps are as follows: (1)将空间相机中待稳定化的结构组件固定安装到工装的表面；(1) Fix the structural components to be stabilized in the space camera to the surface of the tooling; (2)在结构组件的待测试部位和工装上均固定安装基准量块，得到组合体；(2) Fixedly install reference gauge blocks on the parts to be tested and the tooling of the structural components to obtain the assembly; (3)对步骤(2)得到的组合体进行三坐标测量，记录基准量块的位置值W1；(3) Carry out three-coordinate measurement to the assembly obtained in step (2), and record the position value W1 of the reference gauge block; (4)将步骤(3)得到的组合体在振动台上进行X、Y、Z三个方向的小量级消应力振动试验；(4) the assembly obtained in step (3) is carried out on a vibrating table to carry out a small-scale stress-relieving vibration test in three directions of X, Y, and Z; (5)对步骤(4)得到的组合体进行三坐标测量，记录基准量块的位置值W2，并与步骤(3)得到的位置值W1进行比较，得到位置变化量δ1，若位置变化量δ1大于要求值则重复步骤(4)再次进行X、Y、Z三个方向的小量级消应力振动试验，若位置变化量δ1小于等于要求值则进行步骤(6)；(5) Carry out three-coordinate measurement on the assembly obtained in step (4), record the position value W2 of the reference gauge block, and compare it with the position value W1 obtained in step (3) to obtain the position change δ1, if the position change If δ1 is greater than the required value, then repeat step (4) and carry out the small-scale stress relief vibration test in the three directions of X, Y, and Z again. If the position change δ1 is less than or equal to the required value, then proceed to step (6); (6)对步骤(5)得到的组合体在振动台上进行X、Y、Z三个方向的稳定性振动试验；(6) carry out the stability vibration test of X, Y, Z three directions on the vibrating table to the assembly that step (5) obtains; (7)对步骤(6)得到的组合体进行三坐标测量，记录基准量块的位置值W3，并与步骤(5)得到的位置值W2进行比较，得到位置变化量δ2，若位置变化量δ2大于要求值则重复步骤(4-6)，若位置变化量δ2小于等于要求值则进行步骤(8)；(7) Carry out three-coordinate measurement on the assembly obtained in step (6), record the position value W3 of the reference gauge block, and compare it with the position value W2 obtained in step (5) to obtain the position change δ2, if the position change If δ2 is greater than the required value, then repeat steps (4-6), if the position variation δ2 is less than or equal to the required value, then proceed to step (8); (8)对步骤(7)得到的组合体进行热循环试验；(8) heat cycle test is carried out to the assembly that step (7) obtains; (9)对步骤(8)得到的组合体进行三坐标测量，记录基准量块的位置值W4，并与步骤(7)得到的位置值W3进行比较，得到位置变化量δ3，若位置变化量δ3大于要求值则重复步骤(8)，若位置变化量小于等于要求值则试验结束。(9) Carry out three-coordinate measurement on the assembly obtained in step (8), record the position value W4 of the reference gauge block, and compare it with the position value W3 obtained in step (7) to obtain the position change δ3, if the position change If δ3 is greater than the required value, repeat step (8). If the position change is less than or equal to the required value, the test ends. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤(1)中，工装用于结构组件与振动台的转接，即结构组件安装到工装上后，工装连同结构组件一起安装到振动台上，用于进行振动试验；工装上还提供基准量块的接口；工装的尺寸比结构组件大，一阶频率大于结构组件一阶频率的5倍。2. A method for stabilizing the space camera structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the tooling is used for the transfer of the structural components and the vibrating table, that is, the structural components are installed After arriving on the tooling, the tooling is installed on the vibration table together with the structural components for vibration tests; the tooling also provides the interface of the reference gauge block; the size of the tooling is larger than that of the structural components, and the first-order frequency is greater than that of the first-order frequency of the structural components 5 times. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤(2)中，基准量块为20mm×20mm×20mm的不锈钢立方体，中间打孔用于固定在工装上；基准量块除安装面外其余5个面的平面度要求均为0.002mm，夹角要求均为90°±40″。3. A kind of method for the stabilization of space camera structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), reference gauge block is the stainless steel cube of 20mm * 20mm * 20mm, and the center punches It is used for fixing on the workflow; the plane degree requirements of the other 5 noodles except the installation surface are 0.002mm, and the angle requirements are 90 ° ± 40 ″. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤(2)中，结构组件的待测试部位均匀固定安装三个基准量块，三个基准量块分别为基准量块C1、基准量块C2和基准量块C3；4. A kind of method for the stabilization of space camera structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), the position to be tested of structural assembly is evenly fixedly installed three reference gauge blocks, three The benchmark block is the benchmark block C1, the benchmark block C2, and the benchmark block C3; 工装上均匀固定安装三个基准量块，三个基准量块分别为基准量块B1、基准量块B2和基准量块B3；Three reference blocks are installed evenly on the work installation. The three benchmark blocks are the benchmark block B1, the benchmark block B2 and the benchmark block B3; 基准量块B1与结构组件的中心连线记为L1，基准量块B2与结构组件的中心连线记为L2，基准量块B3与结构组件的中心连线记为L3；The center connection line between the reference gauge block B1 and the structural components is denoted as L1, the center connection line between the reference gauge block B2 and the structural components is denoted as L2, and the center connection line between the reference gauge block B3 and the structural components is denoted as L3; L1与L2之间的夹角、L2与L3之间的夹角、L1与L3之间的夹角均为120°；The angle between L1 and L2, the angle between L2 and L3, the angle between L1 and L3 are all 120 °; 在经过基准量块B1且与L1垂直的直线上还分布有两个基准量块A2和基准量块A3，基准量块A2和基准量块A3位于基准量块B1的两侧且基准量块A2到基准量块B1的距离与基准量块A3到基准量块B1的距离相等；There are two benchmarks A2 and benchmark A3 through the benchmark block B1 and vertical lines with L1, and the benchmark block A2 and the benchmark block A3 are located on both sides of the benchmark block B1 and the benchmark block A2 The distance between the distance from the benchmark block B1 and the benchmark block A3 to the benchmark block B1 are equal; 在经过基准量块B2且与L2垂直的直线上还分布有两个基准量块A4和基准量块A5，基准量块A4和基准量块A5位于基准量块B2的两侧且基准量块A4到基准量块B2的距离与基准量块A5到基准量块B2的距离相等；There are also two reference gauge blocks A4 and reference gauge block A5 distributed on the straight line passing through the reference gauge block B2 and perpendicular to L2. The reference gauge block A4 and reference gauge block A5 are located on both sides of the reference gauge block B2 and the reference gauge block A4 The distance between the distance from the benchmark B2 and the benchmark block A5 to the benchmark block B2 is equal; 在经过基准量块B3且与L3垂直的直线上还分布有两个基准量块A1和基准量块A6，基准量块A1和基准量块A6位于基准量块B3的两侧且基准量块A1到基准量块B3的距离与基准量块A6到基准量块B3的距离相等；There are also two reference gauge blocks A1 and reference gauge block A6 distributed on the straight line passing through the reference gauge block B3 and perpendicular to L3. The reference gauge block A1 and reference gauge block A6 are located on both sides of the reference gauge block B3 and the reference gauge block A1 The distance between the distance from the benchmark block B3 and the benchmark block A6 to the benchmark block B3 are equal; 在三坐标测量过程中，上述的基准量块A1、基准量块A2、基准量块A3、基准量块A4、基准量块A5、基准量块A6、基准量块B1、基准量块B2、基准量块B3、基准量块C1、基准量块C2以及基准量块C3的五个非安装表面均能够被测量到。During the three -coordinate measurement process, the above -mentioned benchmarks A1, the benchmark block A2, the benchmark block A3, the benchmark block A4, the benchmark block A5, the benchmark block A6, the benchmark block B1, the benchmark block B2, the benchmark B2, the benchmark The five non -installed surfaces of the quota B3, the benchmark block C1, the benchmark block C2, and the benchmark block C3 can be measured. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤(4)中，小量级消应力振动试验条件为低于稳定性振动试验条件的四分之三，稳定性振动试验条件为一已知值，该已知值是从空间相机分系统分解到待稳定化的结构组件(2)的振动试验条件。5. A method for the stability of the space camera structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by: in the steps (4), the condition of the small -scale ectopic vibration test is lower than the stability vibration test condition. Three -quarters of the stability vibration test conditions are a known value. The known value is the vibration test condition of the structural component (2) from the spatial camera sub -system to the stable structural component. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤(8)中，热循环试验条件为：真空度优于1.3× 10-3Pa；温度变化率不大于3℃/1h；温度循环：室温到45℃，保温4h，然后降温到20℃，保温4h；循环次数：2次。6. A method for stabilizing a space camera structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (8), the thermal cycle test condition is: the degree of vacuum is better than 1.3×10 -3 Pa ; Temperature change rate is not greater than 3 ℃/1h; temperature cycle: room temperature to 45 ° C, warm 4h, then cool down to 20 ° C, warm 4h; the number of cycles: 2 times. 7.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤(3)、(5)和(7)中，三坐标测量时，设基准量块A1的一个顶点为顶点A1，基准量块A2的一个顶点为顶点A2，基准量块A3的一个顶点为顶点A3，基准量块A4的一个顶点为顶点A4，基准量块A5的一个顶点为顶点A5，基准量块A6的一个顶点为顶点A6，基准量块B1的一个顶点为顶点B1，基准量块B2的一个顶点为顶点B2，基准量块B3的一个顶点为顶点B3，基准量块C1的一个顶点为顶点C1，基准量块C2的一个顶点为顶点C2，基准量块C3的一个顶点为顶点C3；7. A method for the stability of the space camera structure according to the claim 4, which is characterized by: the steps (3), (5), and (7) are measured during the three -coordinate measurement, set the benchmark volume during the three -coordinate measurement, set the benchmark volume, One of the vertices of the block A1 is the vertex A1, a vertex of the benchmark block A2 is the vertex A2, one of the vertices of the benchmark block A3 is the vertex A3, a vertex of the benchmark block A4 is the vertex A4, and a vertex of the benchmark block A5 is the vertex of A5.顶点A5，基准量块A6的一个顶点为顶点A6，基准量块B1的一个顶点为顶点B1，基准量块B2的一个顶点为顶点B2，基准量块B3的一个顶点为顶点B3，基准量块One of the vertices of C1 is the vertex C1, a vertex of the benchmark block C2 is the vertex C2, and a vertex of the benchmark block C3 is the vertex C3; 基准量块A1的顶点A1的获取方法为：通过测量相邻的三个平面的交点得到；其他顶点的获取方法同顶点A1；The method of obtaining the vertex A1 of the benchmark block A1 is: obtained by measuring the intersection of the three adjacent planes; the method of obtaining other vertices is the same as the vertex A1; 直角坐标系O1X1Y1Z1定义为：原点O1为顶点A3到顶点A1和顶点A5的连线的垂足；原点O1到顶点A5的连线为X1轴；原点O1到顶点A3的连线为Y1轴；Z1轴按照右手定则确定；The Cartesian coordinate system O1X1Y1Z1 is defined as: the origin O1 is the vertical foot of the line connecting the vertex A3 to the vertex A1 and the vertex A5; the line connecting the origin O1 to the vertex A5 is the X1 axis; the line connecting the origin O1 to the vertex A3 is the Y1 axis; Z1 The axes are determined according to the right-hand rule; 直角坐标系O2X2Y2Z2定义为：原点O2为顶点A6到顶点A2和顶点A4的连线的垂足；原点O2到顶点A2的连线为X2轴；原点O2到顶点A6的连线为Y2轴；Z2轴按照右手定则确定；The Cartesian coordinate system O2X2Y2Z2 is defined as: the origin O2 is the vertical foot of the line connecting the vertex A6 to the vertex A2 and the vertex A4; the line connecting the origin O2 to the vertex A2 is the X2 axis; the line connecting the origin O2 to the vertex A6 is the Y2 axis; Z2 The axes are determined according to the right-hand rule; 所述的步骤(3)、(5)和(7)中三坐标测量时，分别在坐标系O1X1Y1Z1和O2X2Y2Z2中测量顶点A1-A6、B1-B3、C1-C3的坐标；重复测量两次，记录。The steps (3), (5), and (7) are measured in the steps (3), (5), and (7). The coordinates of measurement of A1-A6, B1-B3, C1-C3 in the coordinates of O1X1Y1Z1 and O2X2Y2Z2 respectively; Record. 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：顶点A1-A6、B1-B3、C1-C3的坐标记录的结果如表1所示：8. A method for the stability of the space camera structure according to the claim 7, which is characterized by the results of the coordinate records of vertex A1-A6, B1-B3, and C1-C3 as shown in Table 1: 表1 顶点A1-A6、B1-B3、C1-C3的坐标值表示如下：Table 1 The coordinate values of the apex A1-A6, B1-B3, C1-C3 are as follows: 9.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：顶点A1-A6的位置变化值的判定方法为：试验前后对应点相减。9. A method for the stability of the space camera structure according to the claim 7, which is characterized by: the determination method of the position change value of the vertex A1-A6 is: the corresponding point is reduced before and after the test. 10.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于空间相机结构稳定化的方法，其特征在于：顶点B1-B3的位置变化值的判定方法为：10. A method for the stability of the space camera structure according to the claim 7, which is characterized by: the determination method of the position change value of the vertex B1-B3 is: 顶点B1-B3位置变化值由B1-B3的重心位置B的变化来代替，分为水平变化和竖直变化，分别在OX1Y1Z1和OX2Y2Z2坐标系下进行计算；顶点C1-C3的判定方法同B1-B3；The vertex B1-B3 position changes are replaced by the change of the center of gravity position B of the B1-B3, which is divided into horizontal changes and vertical changes. B3; 顶点B1-B3位置变化值由B1-B3的重心位置B的变化来代替，顶点B1-B3的重心位置B的水平变化为：The change value of the vertex B1-B3 position is replaced by the change of the center of gravity position B of the B1-B3. 顶点B1-B3的重心位置B的垂直变化为：The vertical change of the center of gravity position B of vertices B1-B3 is:
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