CN107650730B - Multi-gun power distribution system for direct-current charging pile - Google Patents
Multi-gun power distribution system for direct-current charging pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN107650730B CN107650730B CN201711051848.7A CN201711051848A CN107650730B CN 107650730 B CN107650730 B CN 107650730B CN 201711051848 A CN201711051848 A CN 201711051848A CN 107650730 B CN107650730 B CN 107650730B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-gun power distribution system of a direct-current charging pile, which comprises a plurality of charging power supply modules, wherein the output ends of the charging power supply modules are respectively connected with a charging gun through a power distribution plate card and a high-voltage direct-current contactor; the power distribution board card comprises a control circuit, an AND gate, an alternating current relay, a multiplexer and a protection circuit, wherein the input ends of the AND gate and the multiplexer are connected with the control circuit, the output ends of the AND gate and the multiplexer are connected with the input end of the alternating current relay, and the output end of the alternating current relay is connected with the input end of the direct current contactor; and a current sampling resistor R1 is connected in series between the negative electrode of the charging power supply module and the alternating current relay, the input end of the protection circuit is connected with the current sampling resistor R1, and the output end of the protection circuit is connected with the control circuit. According to the invention, one charging pile can charge a plurality of electric vehicles at the same time, and an alternating current relay is adopted to replace a direct current contactor as a power distribution change-over switch, so that the system cost is greatly reduced, and the pile body volume is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution of charging piles, in particular to a multi-gun power distribution system of a direct-current charging pile.
Background
With the increasing prominence of energy and environmental issues, the motorization of vehicles has become a necessary trend. The electric automobile direct current fills electric pile has advantages such as charge power is big, charge time is short, is applicable to electric bus, coach etc. and needs quick charge and the motorcycle type that the battery capacity is big. Because the direct current fills electric pile cost is high, occupation of land space is big, and the charging process has all to fill to float and fills, the heavy load is to the process of light load again, in order to improve the utilization ratio of filling electric pile, generally adopt a direct current to fill electric pile and correspond two, four or more rifle that charges, through intelligent power distribution mechanism, when the vehicle charges the demand enough, according to the different power demand that charges of many cars, switch through the power distribution switch, for every car distribution a certain amount of charging source module, make the electric pile always be in heavy load operating condition, improve the utilization ratio of filling electric pile.
The direct current charging pile comprises a plurality of charging power supply modules, the charging power supply modules are distributed according to different power demands of vehicles, the charging power supply modules are dynamically adjusted along with the change of the power demands of the vehicles, meanwhile, the vehicles are isolated from each other, each charging power supply module is required to be provided with a plurality of groups of change-over switches, each group of change-over switches corresponds to one charging gun, and therefore the number of the charging power supply modules with the power distribution change-over switches being 2 times that of the charging guns can be calculated. For example, a 150kW charging stake requires 10 15kW charging modules, and if there are 4 charging gun heads in the kit, up to 80 change-over switches are required. Because the direct-current charging pile is high-voltage and high-current direct-current charging, in a power distribution mechanism, a direct-current contactor is usually used for a change-over switch, and the direct-current contactor can be closed and opened under the condition of high voltage and high current, so that the direct-current charging pile has strong direct-current arc extinguishing capability and high reliability.
However, the dc contactor is costly, bulky, and is basically screw-mounted and fixed, and is electrically connected by bolts, due to its special arc extinguishing process. In the foregoing, each charging pile needs a plurality of change-over switches, a screw type mounting and fixing mode, a large number of fixing accessories and a larger cabinet space for mounting, so that the hardware cost of the system is greatly increased, the overall weight of the cabinet is increased, and the occupied area of the pile body is increased; the bolt type electric connection needs a large number of extra cables and better electric isolation measures, and the installation of the cables is time-consuming and labor-consuming, so that the number of contactors is numerous, the probability of installation errors is increased, and the productivity is reduced; in addition, the cost of post maintenance is greatly increased due to the complexity of the process of mounting and fixing the contactor and electrically connecting the contactor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-gun power distribution system for a direct-current charging pile, which adopts an alternating-current relay to replace a direct-current contactor as a power distribution change-over switch, so that the system cost is greatly reduced, the pile body volume is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the system are ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the charging device comprises a plurality of charging power supply modules, a power distribution board card and a high-voltage direct current contactor, wherein the output ends of the charging power supply modules are respectively connected with the input ends of the high-voltage direct current contactor through the power distribution board card, and the output ends of the high-voltage direct current contactor are connected with a charging gun; the power distribution board card comprises a control circuit, an AND gate, an alternating current relay, a multiplexer and a protection circuit, wherein the input ends of the AND gate and the multiplexer are connected with the control circuit, the output ends of the AND gate and the multiplexer are connected with a coil of the alternating current relay, the switch input end of the alternating current relay is connected with the output end of the charging power supply module, and the switch output end of the alternating current relay is connected with the input end of the direct current contactor; and a current sampling resistor R1 is connected in series between the negative electrode of the charging power supply module and the alternating current relay, the input end of the protection circuit is connected with the current sampling resistor R1, and the output end of the protection circuit is connected with the control circuit.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
The protection circuit comprises a current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit, an overcurrent comparison protection circuit and an optical coupler isolation circuit, wherein the input end of the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit is connected with the output end of the alternating current relay, the output end of the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit is connected with the input end of the optical coupler isolation circuit through the overcurrent comparison protection circuit, and the output end of the optical coupler isolation circuit is connected with the control circuit.
The control circuit comprises a MUC controller, the input ends of the AND gate and the alternating current relay are connected with the IO port of the MCU controller, and the output end of the optical coupling isolation circuit is connected with the input end of the MCU controller.
The alternating current relay adopts a double-coil control magnetic latching alternating current relay.
The protection circuit also comprises an isolation power supply for supplying power to the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit, the overcurrent comparison protection circuit and the optocoupler isolation circuit.
And the MCU controller is communicated with the charging pile main controller through RS 485.
The control circuit also comprises a dial address switch connected with the MCU controller, and the dial address switch is used for correspondingly distributing the address of the power distribution board card and the address of the charging power supply module.
According to the technical scheme, the direct-current charging pile multi-gun power distribution system can realize that one charging pile charges a plurality of electric vehicles at the same time, and an alternating-current relay is adopted to replace a direct-current contactor as a power distribution change-over switch, so that the system cost is greatly reduced, and the pile body volume is reduced. The AC relay has no capacity of breaking the DC high voltage and large current, and the invention adds a breaking protection circuit, when the current flowing through the relay is larger than a set threshold value, the relay can not be broken; only when the current flowing through the relay is smaller than the threshold value, the relay can respond to the disconnection instruction, and the reliable and stable operation of the alternating current relay is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power distribution board card of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of MCU closure control logic of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the MCU disconnection control logic of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1, the direct-current charging pile multi-gun power distribution system of the embodiment comprises a plurality of charging power supply modules 1, and power distribution plate cards 2 and high-voltage direct-current contactors 3, wherein the number of the power distribution plate cards 2 corresponds to that of the charging power supply modules 1, the output ends of the charging power supply modules 1 are respectively connected with the input ends of the high-voltage direct-current contactors 3 through one power distribution plate card 2, and the output ends of the high-voltage direct-current contactors 3 are respectively connected with charging guns; the power distribution board card 2 comprises a control circuit, an AND gate 22, an alternating current relay 23, a multiplexer 24 and a protection circuit, wherein the input ends of the AND gate 22 and the multiplexer 24 are connected with the control circuit, the output ends of the AND gate 22 and the multiplexer 24 are connected with a coil of the alternating current relay 23, the switch input end of the alternating current relay 23 is connected with the output end of the charging power supply module 1, and the switch output end of the alternating current relay 23 is connected with the input end of the direct current contactor 3; a current sampling resistor R1 is connected in series between the negative electrode of the charging power supply module 1 and the alternating current relay 23, the input end of the protection circuit is connected with the current sampling resistor R1, and the output end of the protection circuit is connected with the control circuit.
In this embodiment, the protection circuit includes a current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit 25, an overcurrent comparison protection circuit 26, an optocoupler isolation circuit 27, and an isolation power supply 28 for supplying power to the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit 25, the overcurrent comparison protection circuit 26, and the optocoupler isolation circuit 27, where an input end of the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit 25 is connected to an output end of the ac relay 23, an output end of the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit is connected to an input end of the optocoupler isolation circuit 27 through the overcurrent comparison protection circuit 26, and an output end of the optocoupler isolation circuit 27 is connected to the control circuit.
The control circuit adopts a MUC controller 21, the input ends of an AND gate 22 and an alternating current relay 23 are connected with the IO port of the MCU controller, and the output end of an optical coupler isolation circuit 27 is connected with the input end of the MCU controller. The alternating current relay 23 adopts a double-coil control magnetic latching relay, the closing and opening of the magnetic latching relay are respectively controlled by a closed high-level pulse and an open high-level pulse, a logic control circuit is simple, and the reliability of the system is enhanced; the overcurrent signal is only used as an enabling signal for controlling the relay opening signal by the MCU controller 21, and does not directly participate in the relay opening logic control or the relay closing control, so that the anti-interference performance of the system can be enhanced; even if the control system suddenly fails, the relay in the closed state still keeps closed, the condition that the current is disconnected is eliminated, the relay coil does not need to be electrified for a long time, the power consumption is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
The MCU controller is communicated with the charging pile main controller through RS485, receives the charging pile main machine switching-on and switching-off relay instruction and the voltage and current value of the corresponding charging power supply module, and transmits fault information to the charging pile main machine when a logic error occurs. The control circuit of the present embodiment further includes a dial address switch 29 connected to the MCU controller 21, where the dial address switch 29 is configured to allocate the address of the power distribution board card 2 and the address of the charging power module 1 correspondingly.
The invention adopts an alternating current relay 23 to replace a direct current contactor so as to realize the function of power distribution. An open protection circuit is added in the circuit, and when the current of the alternating current relay 23 is greater than a set threshold value, the alternating current relay 23 cannot be opened; only when the current flowing through the alternating current relay 23 is smaller than the threshold value, the alternating current relay 23 can respond to the disconnection instruction, so that the situation that the alternating current relay is disconnected when the alternating current relay is electrified to generate a large arc is avoided, the service life of the relay is influenced, the MCU controller is required to be communicated with a charging pile host, the charging pile host is used for receiving the switching-on and switching-off relay instruction and the voltage and current value of the corresponding charging power supply module, and fault information is transmitted to the host when a logic error occurs.
As shown in fig. 1, each charging power supply module corresponds to a power distribution board card, the address of the power distribution board card corresponds to the address of the charging power supply module one by one through an address dial switch, all the power distribution board cards are connected with the main controller of the charging pile through an RS485 bus, the main controller issues an instruction, meanwhile, the MCU controller 21 of the power distribution board card also needs to send a status signal to the main controller of the charging pile, and charging of the charging gun is controlled by controlling the on-off of the direct current contactor.
As shown in fig. 2, the main controller of the charging pile CAN learn the voltage and current information of each charging power module 1 through CAN communication, and send the information to the corresponding power distribution board card 2 respectively. Meanwhile, each power distribution plate 2 card can collect an overcurrent state signal, when the collected overcurrent state is at a low level and the corresponding power supply module 1 is in a charging state, voltage and current are output, and the power distribution plate is regarded as a normal charging state, and the alternating current relay 1 works normally at the moment; when the collected power supply module 1 is in a charging state, voltage and current are output, and the current is in an overcurrent state, the protection circuit is indicated to be faulty, at the moment, the MCU controller 21 in the power distribution board card 2 controls the alternating current relay 23 to be in a closed state, and uploads a fault signal, so that the main control board sends a shutdown instruction to the corresponding charging power supply module 1, and the alternating current relay can be disconnected after the corresponding power supply module is shut down; if the charging power module 1 is in the off state, but the overcurrent state is low, the protection circuit fails and a failure signal should be uploaded.
The MCU controller 21 closes the control logic: the host sends an alternating current relay closing and opening instruction to each power distribution board, when the received instruction requires that two groups of relays are closed at the same time, or one group of relays are not opened yet, the instruction of closing the other group of relays is received, the closing instruction is not executed, and an error is reported to the main control board. The MCU closure control logic flow diagram is shown in FIG. 3.
MCU disconnection logic control: if the corresponding power supply module is in a charging state, the charging power supply module outputs voltage and current, the current is larger than a protection current threshold, but an input overcurrent state signal is false, and the current flowing through the shunt is smaller than the protection current threshold, the signal conditioning circuit or the comparison circuit is indicated to have faults, the relay cannot be disconnected at the moment, a fault signal is uploaded, the main control board sends a shutdown instruction to the corresponding power supply module, and the relay can be disconnected after the corresponding power supply module is shut down. The MCU off control logic flow diagram is shown in fig. 4.
Ac relay 23 closing protection principle: as shown in fig. 2, the four sets of relays are added to the multiplexer 24, so that at most 1 set of relays can be closed, which can ensure that when a plurality of vehicles are charged simultaneously, the vehicles are not connected with the batteries of the vehicles, and electric isolation is ensured. When the ac relay 23 is in the closed charge state, the current flowing through the ac relay 23 is converted into a voltage through a current sampling resistor in the protection circuit, and an overcurrent protection signal is outputted through the protection circuit. When the sampling current is greater than the current threshold, the overcurrent protection output is at a high level, which represents that the current is in an off protection state, after the optocoupler isolation, the shielding signal is 0, and the off control signals of all the alternating current relays 23 are shielded, at this time, if the MCU controller 21 is interfered, an error off control signal is given, and because of the existence of the shielding signal, the alternating current relays 23 do not respond to the error off instruction of the MCU controller 21, so that the alternating current relays 23 can be ensured not to be disconnected under the condition of large current, and the safe and reliable operation of the alternating current relays 23 is ensured. When the sampling current is smaller than the current threshold, the overcurrent protection signal is in an unprotected state, the signal is transmitted to the MUC controller 21 after being isolated by an optical coupler, the disconnection of the alternating current relay 23 is controlled by the MCU controller 21, and when the MCU controller 21 is interfered to give a disconnection instruction, the alternating current relay 23 is disconnected, and the damage to the alternating current relay 23 can not be caused due to the disconnection of small current. In this embodiment, the selected current-current sampling resistor cannot be too large, because a large charging current needs to flow during normal charging, and the power consumption is too large due to too large resistor; meanwhile, the impedance cannot be too small, otherwise, for a small current protection threshold value, the sampling voltage is very small, and the input offset voltage of the operational amplifier is required to be too high. When the control system is accidentally powered off and the charger is in normal work and is not turned off, and meanwhile, the gun head high-current direct-current contactor is not turned off, the closed relay can keep a closed state due to the magnetic retention characteristic, and the condition that the high current is turned off is avoided.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A direct-current charging pile multi-gun power distribution system is characterized in that: the charging device comprises a plurality of charging power supply modules (1), power distribution board cards (2) and high-voltage direct current contactors (3), wherein the output ends of the charging power supply modules (1) are respectively connected with the input ends of the high-voltage direct current contactors (3) through the power distribution board cards (2), and the output ends of the high-voltage direct current contactors (3) are connected with a charging gun;
the power distribution board card (2) comprises a control circuit, an AND gate (22), an alternating current relay (23), a multiplexer (24) and a protection circuit, wherein the input ends of the AND gate (22) and the multiplexer (24) are connected with the control circuit, the output ends of the AND gate (22) and the multiplexer (24) are connected with a coil of the alternating current relay (23), the switch input end of the alternating current relay (23) is connected with the output end of the charging power supply module (1), and the switch output end of the alternating current relay (23) is connected with the input end of the high-voltage direct current contactor (3); a current sampling resistor R1 is connected in series between the negative electrode of the charging power supply module (1) and the alternating current relay (23), the input end of the protection circuit is connected with the current sampling resistor R1, and the output end of the protection circuit is connected with the control circuit;
The protection circuit comprises a current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit (25), an overcurrent comparison protection circuit (26) and an optical coupler isolation circuit (27), wherein the input end of the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit (25) is connected with the output end of the alternating current relay (23), the output end of the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit is connected with the input end of the optical coupler isolation circuit (27) through the overcurrent comparison protection circuit (26), and the output end of the optical coupler isolation circuit (27) is connected with the control circuit;
the control circuit comprises an MCU controller (21), the input ends of the AND gate (22) and the alternating current relay (23) are connected with an IO port of the MCU controller, and the output end of the optocoupler isolation circuit (27) is connected with the input end of the MCU controller;
The protection circuit further comprises an isolation power supply (28) for supplying power to the current sampling analog signal conditioning circuit (25), the overcurrent comparison protection circuit (26) and the optical coupler isolation circuit (27);
the control circuit further comprises a dial address switch (29) connected with the MCU controller (21), and the dial address switch (29) is used for correspondingly distributing the address of the power distribution board card (2) and the address of the charging power supply module (1);
the alternating current relay (23) adopts a double-coil control magnetic latching alternating current relay;
When the alternating current relay is in a closed charging state, sampling current flowing through the alternating current relay is converted into voltage through a current sampling resistor in the protection circuit, and an overcurrent protection signal is output through the protection circuit; when the sampling current is greater than the current threshold, the overcurrent protection signal is output to be in a high level, and the overcurrent protection signal is in an off protection state, and after the overcurrent protection signal is isolated by an optical coupler of the optical coupler isolation circuit, all off control signals of the alternating current relays are shielded; when the sampling current is smaller than the current threshold, the overcurrent protection signal is in an unprotected state, the overcurrent protection signal is transmitted into the MCU controller after being isolated by the optical coupler of the optical coupler isolation circuit, and the disconnection of the AC relay is controlled by the MCU controller.
2. The direct current charging pile multi-gun power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: and the MCU controller is communicated with the charging pile main controller through RS 485.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711051848.7A CN107650730B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2017-10-30 | Multi-gun power distribution system for direct-current charging pile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711051848.7A CN107650730B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2017-10-30 | Multi-gun power distribution system for direct-current charging pile |
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| CN107650730A CN107650730A (en) | 2018-02-02 |
| CN107650730B true CN107650730B (en) | 2024-09-03 |
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