CN107643941A - The method and apparatus that virtual machine is managed in cloud data system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the method and apparatus that virtual machine is managed in a kind of cloud data system.Methods described includes：Obtain with data in magnetic disk corresponding to the template file of multiple virtual machines of same virtual machine creating；The template used according to the establishment of virtual machine order and the establishment, determine the incidence relation of the template file of the virtual machine；Using the incidence relation of the template file, the incidence relation of the data in magnetic disk of the template file of the multiple virtual machine is established；Using the incidence relation of the data in magnetic disk, the management operation to the multiple virtual machine is responded.

Description

Method and device for managing virtual machine in cloud data system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of information processing, in particular to a method and device for managing virtual machines in a cloud data system.

Background technique

Server virtualization is one of the main supporting technologies of cloud computing, and the organization of virtual machine disks is the core technology for implementing server virtualization systems. A series of advanced operations on virtual machines, such as quickly creating a virtual machine based on a template, cloning a virtual machine, snapshotting and restoring a virtual machine, etc., all introduce implementation constraints on the organization of virtual machine disk cleaning. In order to meet the needs of various advanced operations, a series of implementation methods have been produced, such as at the file system level or virtual disk level, but there is no complete set of virtual machine disk organization methods, which are also applicable to network access storage ( Common storage such as Network-Attached Storage, NAS), storage area network (StorageArea Network, SAN) and iSCSI (: Internet Small Computer System Interface), to systematically solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method and device for managing virtual machines in a cloud data system, which can improve the management efficiency of virtual machines.

In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for managing virtual machines in a cloud data system, including:

Obtain the disk data corresponding to the template files of multiple virtual machines created with the same virtual machine;

Determine the association relationship of the template files of the virtual machines according to the creation sequence of the virtual machines and the template used for the creation;

Establishing the association relationship of the disk data of the template files of the plurality of virtual machines by using the association relationship of the template files;

Using the association relationship of the disk data, respond to the management operations on the multiple virtual machines.

Wherein, the method also has the following characteristics: the determining the association relationship of the template file of the virtual machine according to the creation sequence of the virtual machine and the template used for the creation includes:

Obtain the creation relationship of virtual machines among the plurality of virtual machines;

According to the creation relationship of the virtual machine, create a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data of the virtual machine, wherein when the template file of the first virtual machine is used to execute the second virtual machine generated after the snapshot, The second virtual machine is a leaf node of the first virtual machine in the tree structure.

Wherein, the method also has the following characteristics: after the creation of the tree-structured disk relationship diagram records the association relationship of the disk data, the method further includes:

Judging whether the number of layers in the disk relationship graph is greater than or equal to a preset threshold;

If it is greater than the threshold, store data that is different between the disk data of the current layer and the disk data of the previous layer.

Wherein, the method also has the following characteristics: the use of the association relationship of the disk data to respond to the management operations on the plurality of virtual machines includes:

When a virtual machine management request is received, determine whether the virtual machine management request is a virtual machine management operation through a virtual machine template;

If yes, then obtain the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine;

Using the disk data of the virtual machine to respond to the management request of the virtual machine.

Wherein, the method also has the following characteristics: the use of the disk data of the virtual machine to respond to the management request of the virtual machine includes:

When the received management request is to create at least two virtual machines, create a disk file of the virtual machine and perform a snapshot operation to obtain a template file of the virtual machine;

A snapshot is performed on the template file of the virtual machine, and disk files corresponding to the at least two virtual machines are output.

A device for managing virtual machines in a cloud data system, comprising:

An acquisition module, configured to acquire disk data corresponding to template files of multiple virtual machines created with the same virtual machine;

A determining module, configured to determine the association relationship of the template files of the virtual machine according to the creation sequence of the virtual machine and the template used for the creation;

An establishment module, configured to use the association relationship of the template files to establish the association relationship of the disk data of the template files of the plurality of virtual machines;

A response module, configured to respond to management operations on the plurality of virtual machines by using the association relationship of the disk data.

Wherein, the device also has the following characteristics: the determination module includes:

an obtaining unit, configured to obtain the creation relationship of virtual machines among the plurality of virtual machines;

The creating unit is configured to create a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data of the virtual machine according to the creation relationship of the virtual machine, wherein the first virtual machine generated after the snapshot is executed using the template file of the first virtual machine When there are two virtual machines, the second virtual machine is a leaf node of the first virtual machine in the tree structure.

Wherein, the device also has the following characteristics: the device also includes:

A judging module, configured to determine whether the number of layers in the disk relationship diagram is greater than or equal to a preset threshold after creating a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data;

The storage module is configured to store data that is different between the disk data of the current layer and the disk data of the previous layer if the value is greater than the threshold.

Wherein, the device also has the following characteristics: the response module includes:

A judging unit, configured to, when receiving a virtual machine management request, judge whether the virtual machine management request is a virtual machine management operation through a virtual machine template;

An acquisition unit, configured to, if yes, acquire the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine;

The response unit is configured to use the disk data of the virtual machine to respond to the management request of the virtual machine.

Wherein, the device also has the following characteristics: the response unit includes:

Create a subunit, used to create a disk file of the virtual machine to perform a snapshot operation when the received management request is to create at least two virtual machines, and obtain a template file of the virtual machine;

The output subunit is configured to perform a snapshot on the template file of the virtual machine, and output disk files corresponding to the at least two virtual machines.

The embodiment provided by the present invention is based on the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine, records the association relationship of the disk data of the virtual machine, manages the template file of the virtual machine, facilitates subsequent management by using the template file of the virtual machine, and is not affected by The limitation of the disk characteristic of the storage device overcomes the limitation of the disk characteristic on the management of the virtual machine, and improves the management efficiency of the virtual machine.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the application to explain the technical solution of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solution of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for managing a virtual machine in a cloud data system provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the realization sketch map of the qcow2 external snapshot provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of creating a virtual machine template provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of batch creation of virtual machines based on templates provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the cloned virtual machine provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of creating a virtual machine snapshot provided by the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of restoring a virtual machine snapshot provided by the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a device for managing virtual machines in the cloud data system provided by the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other.

The steps shown in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system, such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from that shown or described herein.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for managing a virtual machine in a cloud data system provided by the present invention. The methods shown in Figure 1 include:

Step 101, obtaining disk data corresponding to template files of multiple virtual machines created with the same virtual machine;

Among them, virtual machine 2 created by using virtual machine 1 as a template, and then virtual machine 3 created by virtual machine 2, and so on, can be understood as virtual machine 1, virtual machine 2, and virtual machine 3 are all created by the same virtual machine multiple virtual machines;

Step 102, according to the creation sequence of the virtual machine and the template used for the creation, determine the association relationship of the template files of the virtual machine;

The above example shows that virtual machine 3 depends on virtual machine 2, and virtual machine 2 depends on virtual machine 1. The above association relationship is that virtual machine 3 is associated with virtual machine 2, and virtual machine 2 is associated with virtual machine 1;

Step 103, using the association relationship of the template files to establish the association relationship of the disk data of the template files of the plurality of virtual machines;

Specifically, the disk data of the template file is acquired, and the association relationship of the above disk data is established, so as to facilitate virtual machine management by using the template file.

In order to manage disk data more efficiently, you can manage it by establishing a tree structure of disk data. The specific implementation method is as follows:

Obtain the creation relationship of virtual machines among the plurality of virtual machines;

According to the creation relationship of the virtual machine, create a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data of the virtual machine, wherein when the template file of the first virtual machine is used to execute the second virtual machine generated after the snapshot, The second virtual machine is a leaf node of the first virtual machine in the tree structure.

Using the above example to illustrate, virtual machine 1 is the first layer node, virtual machine 2 is the second layer node, and virtual machine 3 is the third layer node;

Step 104: Respond to management operations on the multiple virtual machines by using the association relationship of the disk data.

Specifically, when a virtual machine management request is received, it is judged whether the virtual machine management request is a virtual machine management operation through a virtual machine template

If yes, then obtain the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine;

Using the disk data of the virtual machine to respond to the management request of the virtual machine.

Wherein, the management operation may be an operation of creating a virtual machine, cloning a virtual machine, or restoring a virtual machine.

The method embodiment provided by the present invention is based on the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine, records the disk data association relationship of the virtual machine, manages the template file of the virtual machine, and facilitates subsequent management by using the template file of the virtual machine, without Restricted by the characteristics of the disk of the storage device, it overcomes the limitation of the characteristics of the disk on the management of the virtual machine, and improves the management efficiency of the virtual machine.

Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes a virtual machine disk organization method based on qcow2. Based on qcow2 external file snapshots, a set of virtual machine disk operation methods is designed, which can be adapted to mainstream storage devices such as NAS, SAN, and iSCSI. Common advanced operations that effectively support virtual machines.

The invention proposes a virtual machine disk organization method based on qcow2 (qemu copy on write v2).

In the method provided by the present invention, based on the qcow2 external file snapshot, a disk organization method that can adapt to mainstream storage devices such as NAS, SAN, and iSCSI is constructed, and through the construction and maintenance of a virtual disk tree, support includes rapid creation of virtual machines based on templates Advanced virtual machine operations including virtual machine cloning, virtual machine snapshot and restoration.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the qcow2 external snapshot provided by the present invention. qcow2 supports internal snapshots and external snapshots. The so-called external snapshots are implemented by stacking disk files. At this time, a new qcow2 file is generated to form a hierarchical file tree with the original disk files.

It is worth noting that first, qcow2 files can be directly stored on block devices or file systems, so they are not limited to NAS, SAN and iSCSI storage; second, only the active layer is writable, and other layers are read-only ; Third, it can be created online without affecting the virtual machine business. It can be seen from the above figure that as the snapshot is created, several qcow2 files of a virtual disk will form a tree structure and continue to extend. Since the main operations are concentrated on the leaf nodes of the tree, the details of the non-key nodes of the tree structure will be ignored in the following, and a disk will be used as an example to describe. The specific implementation methods of multiple disks are the same.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of creating a virtual machine template provided by the present invention. A virtual machine template is a read-only virtual machine that retains the state of the virtual machine at a certain moment and provides a data basis for subsequent virtual machine creation. This is similar to a virtual machine snapshot, so it can be created by creating a snapshot Virtual machine template, as shown in the following figure:

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of batch creation of virtual machines based on templates provided by the present invention. Since the template is a read-only virtual machine, the template cannot be destroyed while creating the virtual machine, so a new qcow2active layer can be created based on the disk file corresponding to the template (as indicated by the template arrow in Figure 4) as the backend, and the template-based (batch) Create a virtual machine. The creation of the active layer without data is very fast, so the batch creation of virtual machines will also be completed in a very short time.

Specifically, when the received management request is to create at least two virtual machines, create a disk file of the virtual machine and perform a snapshot operation to obtain a template file of the virtual machine; perform a snapshot on the template file of the virtual machine to output the disk files corresponding to the at least two virtual machines.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the cloned virtual machine provided by the present invention. Cloning a virtual machine is to copy a running virtual machine to create another new virtual machine. Therefore, the process of cloning a virtual machine is divided into two steps. First, a snapshot is used to create a clone base file, and then a clone virtual machine is created based on the base file.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of creating a virtual machine snapshot provided by the present invention. The method for creating a snapshot shown in FIG. 6 is similar in principle to the method shown in FIG. 2 , and will not be repeated here.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of restoring a virtual machine snapshot provided by the present invention. Since the qcow2 file pointed to by the snapshot is read-only, see Figure 6, a new active layer can be created based on the snapshot base file, so as to restore the virtual machine snapshot.

From the above operations, it can be seen that as the operation continues, the depth of the disk tree will continue to deepen, which will affect the performance of the virtual machine. Therefore, in-depth optimization is required, mainly from the following three aspects:

Depth optimization trigger condition: depth optimization can be performed when the depth from the newly created leaf node to the root node exceeds a certain threshold (for example, 5, which can be configured according to the actual situation).

Among them, in-depth optimization trigger timing includes:

When creating a virtual disk tree leaf node; when starting a virtual machine; manually triggered.

In the deep optimization method, based on the block-stream implementation of qemu, the data of non-leaf nodes is copied to the leaf nodes, and the separation of the leaf nodes and the disk tree is realized, thereby reducing the depth of the disk tree.

Specifically, after creating a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data, the method further includes:

Judging whether the number of layers in the disk relationship graph is greater than or equal to a preset threshold;

If it is greater than the threshold, store data that is different between the disk data of the current layer and the disk data of the previous layer.

By storing the difference data, the data difference between the leaf nodes can be recorded, so as to realize the separation of the leaf nodes and the disk tree, thereby reducing the depth of the disk tree.

The present invention proposes a virtual machine disk organization method based on qcow2, and designs a set of virtual machine disk operation methods based on qcow2 external file snapshots, which can adapt to mainstream storage devices such as NAS, SAN, and iSCSI, and effectively support virtual machines Common advanced operations, systematically solve the problem of virtual machine disk organization. Based on qcow2 snapshots, a reasonable disk operation method is designed to support advanced virtual machine operations and shield storage pool differences caused by NAS, iSCSI and SAN.

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a device for managing virtual machines in the cloud data system provided by the present invention. The device shown in Figure 8 includes:

An acquisition module 801, configured to acquire disk data corresponding to template files of multiple virtual machines created with the same virtual machine;

A determining module 802, configured to determine the association relationship of the template files of the virtual machine according to the creation sequence of the virtual machine and the template used for the creation;

An establishment module 803, configured to use the association relationship of the template files to establish the association relationship of the disk data of the template files of the plurality of virtual machines;

The responding module 804 is configured to use the association relationship of the disk data to respond to the management operations on the plurality of virtual machines.

In the device embodiment provided by the present invention, the determining module 802 includes:

an obtaining unit, configured to obtain the creation relationship of virtual machines among the plurality of virtual machines;

The creating unit is configured to create a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data of the virtual machine according to the creation relationship of the virtual machine, wherein the first virtual machine generated after the snapshot is executed using the template file of the first virtual machine When there are two virtual machines, the second virtual machine is a leaf node of the first virtual machine in the tree structure.

In the device embodiment provided by the present invention, the device further includes:

A judging module, configured to determine whether the number of layers in the disk relationship diagram is greater than or equal to a preset threshold after creating a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data;

The storage module is configured to store data that is different between the disk data of the current layer and the disk data of the previous layer if the value is greater than the threshold.

In the device embodiment provided by the present invention, the response module includes:

A judging unit, configured to, when receiving a virtual machine management request, judge whether the virtual machine management request is a virtual machine management operation through a virtual machine template;

An obtaining unit, configured to obtain the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine if yes;

The response unit is configured to use the disk data of the virtual machine to respond to the management request of the virtual machine.

In the device embodiment provided by the present invention, the response unit includes:

Create a subunit, used to create a disk file of the virtual machine to perform a snapshot operation when the received management request is to create at least two virtual machines, and obtain a template file of the virtual machine;

The output subunit is configured to perform a snapshot on the template file of the virtual machine, and output disk files corresponding to the at least two virtual machines.

The device embodiment provided by the present invention is based on the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine, records the disk data association relationship of the virtual machine, manages the template file of the virtual machine, and facilitates subsequent management by using the template file of the virtual machine, without Restricted by the characteristics of the disk of the storage device, it overcomes the limitation of the characteristics of the disk on the management of the virtual machine, and improves the management efficiency of the virtual machine.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented using a computer program flow, the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can be run on a corresponding hardware platform (such as system, device, device, device, etc.), and when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

Optionally, all or part of the steps in the above embodiments can also be implemented using integrated circuits, and these steps can be fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them can be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module accomplish. As such, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

The devices/functional modules/functional units in the above embodiments can be realized by general-purpose computing devices, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices.

When each device/functional module/functional unit in the above-mentioned embodiments is realized in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope described in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for managing a virtual machine in a cloud data system, comprising: Obtain the disk data corresponding to the template files of multiple virtual machines created with the same virtual machine; Determine the association relationship of the template files of the virtual machines according to the creation sequence of the virtual machines and the template used for the creation; Establishing the association relationship of the disk data of the template files of the plurality of virtual machines by using the association relationship of the template files; Using the association relationship of the disk data, respond to the management operations on the multiple virtual machines. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the association relationship of the template file of the virtual machine according to the creation sequence of the virtual machine and the template used for the creation comprises: Obtain the creation relationship of virtual machines among the plurality of virtual machines; According to the creation relationship of the virtual machine, create a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data of the virtual machine, wherein when the template file of the first virtual machine is used to execute the second virtual machine generated after the snapshot, The second virtual machine is a leaf node of the first virtual machine in the tree structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, after the creation of a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the associated relationship of the disk data, the method further comprises: Judging whether the number of layers in the disk relationship graph is greater than or equal to a preset threshold; If it is greater than the threshold, store data that is different between the disk data of the current layer and the disk data of the previous layer. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the responding to the management operations on the plurality of virtual machines by utilizing the association relationship of the disk data comprises: When a virtual machine management request is received, determine whether the virtual machine management request is a virtual machine management operation through a virtual machine template; If yes, then obtain the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine; Using the disk data of the virtual machine to respond to the management request of the virtual machine. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the responding to the management request of the virtual machine by using the disk data of the virtual machine comprises: When the received management request is to create at least two virtual machines, create a disk file of the virtual machine and perform a snapshot operation to obtain a template file of the virtual machine; A snapshot is performed on the template file of the virtual machine, and disk files corresponding to the at least two virtual machines are output. 6. A device for managing virtual machines in a cloud data system, comprising: An acquisition module, configured to acquire disk data corresponding to template files of multiple virtual machines created with the same virtual machine; A determining module, configured to determine the association relationship of the template files of the virtual machine according to the creation sequence of the virtual machine and the template used for the creation; An establishment module, configured to use the association relationship of the template files to establish the association relationship of the disk data of the template files of the plurality of virtual machines; A response module, configured to respond to management operations on the plurality of virtual machines by using the association relationship of the disk data. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the determining module comprises: an obtaining unit, configured to obtain the creation relationship of virtual machines among the plurality of virtual machines; The creating unit is configured to create a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data of the virtual machine according to the creation relationship of the virtual machine, wherein the first virtual machine generated after the snapshot is executed using the template file of the first virtual machine When there are two virtual machines, the second virtual machine is a leaf node of the first virtual machine in the tree structure. 8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the device further comprises: A judging module, configured to determine whether the number of layers in the disk relationship diagram is greater than or equal to a preset threshold after creating a tree-structured disk relationship diagram to record the association relationship of the disk data; The storage module is configured to store data that is different between the disk data of the current layer and the disk data of the previous layer if the value is greater than the threshold. 9. The device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the response module comprises: A judging unit, configured to, when receiving a virtual machine management request, judge whether the virtual machine management request is a virtual machine management operation through a virtual machine template; An acquisition unit, configured to, if yes, acquire the disk data of the template file of the virtual machine; The response unit is configured to use the disk data of the virtual machine to respond to the management request of the virtual machine. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the response unit comprises: Create a subunit, used to create a disk file of the virtual machine to perform a snapshot operation when the received management request is to create at least two virtual machines, and obtain a template file of the virtual machine; The output subunit is configured to perform a snapshot on the template file of the virtual machine, and output disk files corresponding to the at least two virtual machines.