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CN107620137B - 启动捻线机或倍捻机的锭子的方法 - Google Patents

启动捻线机或倍捻机的锭子的方法 Download PDF

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CN107620137B
CN107620137B CN201710564012.0A CN201710564012A CN107620137B CN 107620137 B CN107620137 B CN 107620137B CN 201710564012 A CN201710564012 A CN 201710564012A CN 107620137 B CN107620137 B CN 107620137B
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CN107620137A (zh
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A·凯尔
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/14—Details
    • D01H1/20—Driving or stopping arrangements
    • D01H1/24—Driving or stopping arrangements for twisting or spinning arrangements, e.g. spindles
    • D01H1/26—Driving or stopping arrangements for twisting or spinning arrangements, e.g. spindles with two or more speeds; with variable-speed arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/10—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting
    • D01H1/101—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting in which multiple twist is imparted at the take-up stations
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/10—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/10—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting
    • D01H1/105—Arrangements using hollow spindles, i.e. the yarns are running through the spindle of the unwound bobbins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/04—Spindles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/86—Multiple-twist arrangements, e.g. two-for-one twisting devices ; Threading of yarn; Devices in hollow spindles for imparting false twist
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D02G3/285—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads one yarn running over the feeding spool of another yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D02G3/286—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads with alternatively "S" and "Z" direction of twist, e.g. Self-twist process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/10—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting
    • D01H1/101—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting in which multiple twist is imparted at the take-up stations
    • D01H1/103—Two-for-one twisting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/10—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting
    • D01H1/105—Arrangements using hollow spindles, i.e. the yarns are running through the spindle of the unwound bobbins
    • D01H1/106—Two-for-one twisting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/10—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting
    • D01H1/105—Arrangements using hollow spindles, i.e. the yarns are running through the spindle of the unwound bobbins
    • D01H1/106—Two-for-one twisting
    • D01H1/108—Two-for-one twisting for two or more supply bobbins one on top of the other
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H15/00—Piecing arrangements ; Automatic end-finding, e.g. by suction and reverse package rotation; Devices for temporarily storing yarn during piecing
    • D01H15/007—Piecing arrangements ; Automatic end-finding, e.g. by suction and reverse package rotation; Devices for temporarily storing yarn during piecing for two-for-one twisting machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/86—Multiple-twist arrangements, e.g. two-for-one twisting devices ; Threading of yarn; Devices in hollow spindles for imparting false twist
    • D01H7/866—Means to facilitate the unwinding of yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/86—Multiple-twist arrangements, e.g. two-for-one twisting devices ; Threading of yarn; Devices in hollow spindles for imparting false twist
    • D01H7/868—Yarn guiding means, e.g. guiding tubes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D02G3/283—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads using hollow spindles through which one yarn is running
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D02G3/288—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads with same direction of twist, but with an amount of twist varying along the thread

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种启动捻线机或倍捻机的锭子的方法，在空卷绕筒子上在卷绕区外形成纱线储备，捻线机或倍捻机具有至少一个工位，每个工位具有在捻合过程中静止的、保持第一喂给筒子的锭罐和回转的空心锭子转子，其具有距空心锭杆一段距离地布置在锭罐下方的侧向出口，自第二喂给筒子抽出的外纱线缠绕自第一喂给筒子抽出的内纱线，且外纱线被引导穿过空心锭杆和其侧向出口并以环绕锭罐的纱圈形式被引导至导纱器，导纱器在锭子上方布置在锭子轴线的延长部且并合两根供应纱线，设有具有导纱机构的卷绕装置，在卷绕装置中，所制造的捻线被卷绕到该卷绕筒子上。在产生纱线储备的过程中使用相比于制造数据被增大的、捻线卷绕速度与锭子转子转速的比率。

Description

启动捻线机或倍捻机的锭子的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及在锭子行程开始时启动捻线机(Kabliermaschine)或倍捻机的锭子的方法，其中在空的卷绕筒子上在卷绕区外形成纱线储备，该捻线机或倍捻机具有至少一个工位，每个工位具有在捻合时静止不动的用于保持第一喂给筒子的锭罐和转动的空心锭子转子，该锭子转子具有与空心锭杆有一定距离地设置在锭罐下方的侧向出口，其中自第二喂给筒子抽出的外纱线缠绕自第一喂给筒子抽出的内纱线，且外纱线被引导穿过空心锭杆及其侧向出口并以绕行锭罐的纱圈形式被引导至导纱器，该导纱器在锭杆延长线上布置在锭子上方且并合两根供应纱线，并且设有具有导纱机构的卷绕装置，在该卷绕装置中，所制造的捻线被卷绕至卷绕筒子上。
背景技术
捻合或并捻或捻线是在捻纱中产生某种应用性能的纱线精加工机械方法。两根或更多根的纱线通过按照倍捻方法的捻合被并合成捻线，而捻线是一种特殊的并捻方法，在此，两根纱线被捻合，但单独纱线本身未加捻。捻合的优点在于较高的抗拉强度，因为单独长丝总是恰好处于受力方向上。
在本申请的上下文中，术语“纱线”包含所有的线性结构例如纱、膜带、管状织物和带状织物等。为了简化，术语“纱线”在本申请的上下文中被用来表示可能的替代可选物。
例如，捻线机一般具有在机器纵向上彼此相邻布置的多个工位。每个工位包括喂给筒子在其上滑动的锭子和滑动机构，该滑动机构安置在机架上且用于保持第二喂给筒子。纱线自喂给筒子抽出且在纱线断裂时被保持恒定张力、在卷绕单元中被并捻和卷绕至筒子上。通常，在捻合情况下，最终捻合纱线所应具有的捻度(twist)越高，在规定锭子转速下的卷绕速度越低。
在新批料开始时须启动捻合，即新喂给筒子就位于筒子架中和个别工位的锭罐中。纱线被适当穿引入导纱件，被引导向卷绕单元且固定至空筒管一端。在此区域中，在实际卷绕区外产生用于随后加工过程的纱线储备。
在捻线锭子的运转过程中，第一喂给筒子安置在转动锭子的锭罐中。但是，锭罐和喂给筒子本身被固定而不会转动。所谓的内纱线在轴向上自所述第一喂给筒子被向上抽出并且在至捻合点或与外纱线的结合点的路途中被引导穿过内纱线制动器。
从中抽出外纱线的第二喂给筒子设置在筒子架中。在外纱线已经经过外纱线制动器且可选地经过偏转装置之后，外纱线沿轴向从下方进入空心锭子并在储蓄盘处离开锭子。外纱线围绕锭罐回转而形成纱圈且外纱线被引导至环圈导纱机构。在此位置上使外纱线卷绕内纱线，因此这也被称为捻合点。
DE102007043352A1描述了一种捻线机和一种运转所述捻线机的方法。为了制造具有规定重量的筒子，如此选择被插入锭罐中的第一喂给筒子，即第一喂给筒子具有待制造筒子的一半重量。如此选择就位于筒子架中的第二喂给筒子，即第二喂给筒子至少对应于待制造筒子的总重。通过此做法，工作付出和残余喂给筒子数量被减少。实际上很常见的是所有工位同时启动，因而也大致同时结束。
但是，根据现有技术的该方法的缺点是，纱线断裂通常在捻线锭子启动提速至其工作转速时出现。尤其当具有大量单独长丝和/或由摩擦敏感材料例如聚丙烯或聚酯构成的纱线被用于捻合时，断纱出现的频率越高。
因为设有用于捻线锭子的沿机器长度的驱动装置，故当在工位上频繁出现断纱时对这种捻线机的效率存在整体不利的效果。
发明内容
因此，鉴于上述现有技术，本发明所应对的问题是减少在启动提速过程中的纱线断裂数量。
为了解决该问题，本发明第一方面规定了，相比于制造数据被提高的、捻线的卷绕速度与锭子转子的转速的比率被用在产生纱线储备的过程中。
因为该做法，外纱线在形成纱圈前一直接触锭罐的时间被缩短。在锭子转子已在锭子启动过程中达到制造速度且外纱线足够快速地离开锭子转子以便能形成围绕锭罐的纱圈之前，外纱线一般因为低纱线速度而一直接触锭罐。在此启动过程中，通常一开始在相对长的距离内发生接触锭罐，其中，外纱线也经受偏转的点是最重要的，即在锭罐的上边缘和/或下边缘，其中后者只发生在在底部呈锥形被抽入的锭罐中。也可能出现与捻线罩的接触。
在捻合过程中，最终捻线所应具备的捻数与捻线被卷绕至卷绕筒子上的卷绕速度直接关联。输送速度须被设定得较低，因为无法提高锭子转速。
如果卷绕速度与转动锭子转子速度的比率相比于制造条件被增大，则外纱线在锭罐上的摩擦时间被缩短。因为外纱线在相应锭罐边缘上的摩擦负荷出现较短时间，故外纱线受损小且在启动过程中出现较少的纱线断裂。
这尤其对于由具有许多单独长丝和/或摩擦敏感材料的纱线制造的捻线是有利的。纱线所含的单独长丝越多，纱线表面相对于纱线截面越大且出现的摩擦越大。因为纱线储备通常在实际制造区域外被卷绕到卷绕筒子上并且在筒子进一步处理过程中被用来将后续筒子系紧至筒子架中的在先筒子，筒子的起始区段或末端区段未进入后续加工操作的制造中。因此缘故，纱线储备所具有的捻度明显少于在制造条件下的实际捻线是无害的。
根据本发明，本发明的方法可被应用至具有许多工位的捻线机和倍捻机，这些工位沿机器纵向彼此相邻且临近所谓的单锭子单元布置。另外，本发明的方法可以被应用至沿机器长度被驱动的锭子/卷绕装置以及具有独立驱动装置的锭子/卷绕装置。
如本发明第二方面所述，在产生纱线储备的过程中相比于在制造条件下的卷绕速度有利地提高卷绕速度。
按照特别简单的方式，卷绕速度与锭子转子转速的比率可以通过在锭子转速保持恒定的同时在较高卷绕速度下将纱线储备卷绕至卷绕锭子来提高。锭子在锭子启动过程中被加速至目标转速的100％，而卷绕速度为100％加上x。在一段可相应选定的时间后，卷绕速度被降低至目标速度的100％。
捻数大致以卷绕速度所提高的系数被减少。
根据本发明第三方面，在本发明的优选实施例中，锭子转子的启动提速在产生纱线储备过程中以至少提高1.2倍的加速度发生。
固定不动的锭子或锭子转子必须从静止被加速到制造速度。这种所谓的启动提速以规定的加速度进行。迄今为止，该加速度和由此导致的启动提速升段针对不同的事件相同地进行。就是说，无论是否有批次的新启动或例如断纱之后的重启，锭子转子都以相同参数被加速至工作转速。
因为锭子转子具有较高的加速度且由此导致缩短的启动提速升段，故围绕锭罐的外纱线的纱圈快速形成，使得在关键点处的外纱线摩擦被减小。
附图说明
以下，基于实施例并参照附图来更详细解释本发明，其中：
图1示出捻线机的示意所示的工位，
图2是与捻线卷绕速度相关的捻的曲线图，
图3是与加速度相关的锭子转子启动提速升段的曲线图，以及
图4是在产生纱线储备过程中的捻的曲线图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了捻线机的工位的结构的示意图。捻线锭子2支承在锭轨3上。第一喂给筒子4位于捻线锭子2的锭罐5中。内纱线6从上方自第一喂给筒子4被抽出且被引导穿过设于捻线罩1内的纱线制动器7。在纱线制动器7之后，内纱线6经导纱眼8离开捻线罩1且最终穿过下游的导纱器，在此是环圈导纱眼9。环圈导纱眼9通过限位件10被固定至仅被示意性示出的机架。代替环圈导纱眼9，也可以设有例如所谓的帘线调节器。
第二喂给筒子11一般支承在安置于机架上的滑动机构上且如图在此仅示意所示地靠近捻线锭子2。自第二喂给筒子11抽出的外纱线12从下方穿过空心锭杆13，在径向上被偏转且沿径向在蓄纱盘14处离开。蓄纱盘14被传动带16通过锭盘15被驱动转动。
离开蓄纱盘14且形成纱圈B的外纱线12在锭罐5外表面被向上引导至环圈导纱眼9。在此，外纱线12缠绕内纱线6，且如此制造的捻线18被进一步卷绕到卷绕筒子19上。就是说，内纱线6和外纱线12在此并合且形成纱线或帘子线18的捻合点位于环圈导纱眼9或平衡系统内。
抽出机构20设置在捻合点上方，借助该抽出机构，捻线18被抽出且经过平衡件如松紧件(dancer)被供给至卷绕装置22。卷绕装置22具有驱动辊23和被驱动辊23摩擦驱动的卷绕筒子19。
图2示出在锭子2启动过程中的实际锭子转速与制造锭子转速的比率和实际卷绕速度与制造卷绕速度的比率。纵轴定标所述比率，而横轴是时间轴。第一时段表示在产生纱线储备过程中的曲线，其后是制造时段。锭子转速和卷绕速度都达到恒定值。
附图标记26表示实际锭子转速与锭子制造转速的比率。锭子2经过一段时间加速至制造转速并随后保持恒定；其对应于比率1。附图标记27表示实际卷绕速度与制造卷绕速度的比率。卷绕速度提高且达到高于制造卷绕速度的值，在此例子中该值对应于约1.5的比率。在此增大的实际卷绕速度过程中纱线储备被卷绕。在规定时间后，实际卷绕速度被降低至制造卷绕速度，导纱机构与捻线18一起枢转入制造区域以便在卷绕条件下卷绕捻线18。
图3用曲线图示出锭子转子的启动提速升段。在纵轴上示出锭子频率。横轴定标以秒计的时间。附图标记24表示在批次开始时或在例如断纱后的重启时在捻线锭子2启动过程中原先执行的加速。锭子转子需要约11.7秒达到工作转速。
相比之下，附图标记25表示在新批料开始时的锭子转子加速，其在此例子中比在先的加速快了2Hz*s-1发生。结果，锭子转子已在约8.7秒后启动提速至工作转速，因而快了约3秒。锭子转子被越快速加速至工作转速，外纱线12越快速形成纱圈B，且外纱线12在锭罐5的下边缘和/或上边缘处摩擦的时间越短。
图4示出产生约5米长的纱线储备，随后捻线18在制造条件下被制造和卷绕。在卷绕过程开始时，捻数增大至约80T*m-1，且捻线18以高的卷绕速度被卷绕。在约4米之后，卷绕速度降低，捻度增大至特定值280T*m-1。在已经达到规定的捻度和进而达到制造速度之后，导纱机构与捻线18一起枢转至卷绕筒子19的制造区域中并且在制造条件下卷绕捻线18。

Claims (3)

1.一种在锭子行程起始时启动捻线机或倍捻机的锭子(2)的方法，其中在空的卷绕筒子(19)上在卷绕区外形成纱线储备，其中所述捻线机或倍捻机具有至少一个工位，每个工位具有在捻合过程中静止的、用于保持第一喂给筒子(4)的锭罐(5)并具有回转的空心的锭子转子，该锭子转子具有距空心锭杆(13)有一段距离地布置在所述锭罐(5)下方的侧向出口，其中自第二喂给筒子(11)抽出的外纱线(12)缠绕自第一喂给筒子(4)抽出的内纱线(6)，且所述外纱线(12)被引导穿过所述空心锭杆(13)和其侧向出口并以环绕所述锭罐(5)的纱圈(B)的形式被引导至导纱器(9)，该导纱器在锭子轴线的延长线上布置在锭子(2)上方且并合所述两根供应纱线，设有具有导纱机构的卷绕装置(22)，在所述卷绕装置(22)中，所制造的捻线(18)被卷绕到所述卷绕筒子(19)上，其特征是，在产生纱线储备的过程中使用的所述捻线(18)的卷绕速度与所述锭子转子的转速的比率相比于制造数据增大。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是，所述卷绕速度在生产纱线储备的过程中相比于在制造条件下的卷绕速度被提高。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是，在纱线储备的产生过程中以至少提高1.2倍的加速度发生所述锭子转子的提速。
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