CN107606594B - Steam and hot water dual-purpose type cogeneration units - Google Patents
Steam and hot water dual-purpose type cogeneration units Download PDFInfo
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- CN107606594B CN107606594B CN201710791022.8A CN201710791022A CN107606594B CN 107606594 B CN107606594 B CN 107606594B CN 201710791022 A CN201710791022 A CN 201710791022A CN 107606594 B CN107606594 B CN 107606594B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of steam and hot water dual-purpose type cogeneration units, which includes: electricity generation system, boiler and boiler gas handling system；Wherein, the air inlet of boiler can be connected with the gas outlet of electricity generation system and the gas outlet of boiler gas handling system with cut-offfing respectively, to receive the flue gas of electricity generation system output and the fuel gas of boiler gas handling system output；The inlet of boiler is for receiving outer circulation water, degree is cut-off by adjust boiler and electricity generation system, and/or adjust boiler and boiler gas handling system cut-offs degree, to adjust the flue gas heat and fuel gas calorie that enter boiler, and then heat exchange is carried out from outer circulation water and the first outlet of boiler is made to export the hot water with different grades or the steam with different grades.Compared with prior art, the present invention can make the boiler output hot water with the different grades or steam with different grades, and then can use heat demand meet different user different phase by large range of heat regulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cogeneration, in particular to a steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit.
Background
The gas cogeneration system is a novel energy system, and mainly utilizes the burning of combustible gas such as natural gas, methane or coal bed gas to do work to generate electricity, and recovers the waste heat after burning to refrigerate, heat and produce hot water or steam.
At present, the following problems mostly exist in the scheme of the gas cogeneration system taking a gas internal combustion engine as main power: 1. the heat output is invariable or the variation is limited, when the power output of the gas internal combustion engine is fixed, the heat recovered by the rest heat is fixed, when the heat energy is recovered in a gradient way, only the exhaust heat can be recovered in a variable way, and the heat output variation is small; 2. the unit is unreasonable to match, often increases the boiler when can't satisfy the demand with heat and compensates for the system changes complicacy, and discharges highly.
Chinese patent publication No.: CN 105275616 a discloses a hot water and electricity cogeneration system, comprising: the system comprises a gas turbine subsystem, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a low-temperature multi-effect evaporator and a generator set; the gas turbine subsystem is connected with the generator set, burns coal gas to generate high-temperature flue gas, and converts heat energy in the high-temperature flue gas into mechanical energy to drive the generator set to generate electricity.
However, in the above solution, the gas turbine subsystem is connected to the exhaust-heat boiler and is configured to input flue gas generated by burning the mixed gas into the exhaust-heat boiler to obtain steam, and the technical solution cannot change the output heat or change the output heat in a large range, so as not to meet the user's requirements to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, and aims to solve the problem that the heat output by the cogeneration unit is invariable at present.
The invention provides a steam and hot water dual-purpose type cogeneration unit, which comprises: a power generation system, a boiler and a boiler air intake system; the gas inlet of the boiler is respectively connected with the gas outlet of the power generation system and the gas outlet of the boiler gas inlet system in a disconnectable manner so as to receive flue gas output by the power generation system and combustible gas output by the boiler gas inlet system; the inlet of the boiler is used for receiving external circulating water, and the external circulating water and the power generation system are adjusted by adjusting the on-off degree of the boiler and/or the on-off degree of the boiler and the air inlet system of the boiler to adjust the heat quantity of flue gas and the heat quantity of fuel gas entering the boiler, so that the external circulating water and the external circulating water exchange heat and the first outlet of the boiler outputs hot water with different grades or steam with different grades.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the boiler intake system includes: the device comprises a first gas mixer, a first throttle valve, a two-stage supercharger compressor and a stop valve; wherein, the gas outlet of the first gas mixer and the gas inlet of the boiler are sequentially connected with a two-stage booster compressor, a first throttle valve and a stop valve.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the boiler intake system further includes: the gas outlet of the combustor is connected with the gas outlet of the boiler.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the power generation system includes: the system comprises a generator set, a power generation air inlet system and a power generation exhaust system; the gas inlet of the generator set is connected with the gas inlet of the power generation gas inlet system so as to receive combustible gas output by the power generation gas inlet system; the gas outlet of the generator set is connected with the gas inlet of the boiler through a power generation exhaust system so as to convey the flue gas exhausted by the generator set to the boiler.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the power generation exhaust system includes: a first-stage supercharger turbine, a first exhaust three-way valve and a second-stage supercharger turbine; the air outlet of the generator set is connected with the air inlet of the first exhaust three-way valve through the first-stage supercharger turbine, the first air outlet of the first exhaust three-way valve is connected with the air inlet of the second-stage supercharger turbine, and the air outlet of the second-stage supercharger turbine is connected with the air inlet of the boiler.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the power generation exhaust system further includes: the air inlet of the second exhaust three-way valve is connected with the first air outlet of the first exhaust three-way valve, the first air outlet of the second exhaust three-way valve is connected with the air inlet of the two-stage supercharger turbine, and the second air outlet of the second exhaust three-way valve is connected with the air inlet of the boiler through a first conveying pipeline; the air outlet of the two-stage supercharger turbine is connected with the first conveying pipeline.
Further, the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit further includes: and the heat energy recovery system is respectively connected with the generator set, the power generation air inlet system and the liquid inlet of the boiler, is also used for receiving the external circulating water and recovering the heat of the generator set and the heat of the combustible gas output by the power generation air inlet system, so that the recovered heat and the external circulating water are subjected to heat exchange, and the external circulating water is conveyed to the boiler.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the heat energy recovery system includes: the system comprises a first-stage intercooler, a second-stage intercooler, an engine oil cooler and a heat exchanger; the liquid outlet of the first-stage intercooler is connected with the liquid inlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve through the engine oil cooler, the liquid outlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve is connected with the first liquid inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the liquid inlet of the first-stage intercooler through the first flow regulating valve; a second liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a liquid inlet of the boiler so as to convey the external circulating water to the boiler; the second grade intercooler sets up in electricity generation air intake system, and the inlet of second grade intercooler is used for receiving the extrinsic cycle water, and the liquid outlet of second grade intercooler is connected with the second inlet of heat exchanger to carry the extrinsic cycle water to the heat exchanger.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the heat energy recovery system further includes: and a first liquid inlet of the three-way valve is connected with a liquid outlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve, a second liquid inlet of the three-way valve is connected with a first liquid outlet of the heat exchanger, and a liquid outlet of the three-way valve is connected with a liquid inlet of the first-stage intercooler through a first flow regulating valve.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the power generation and air intake system includes: the first-stage supercharger compressor is connected with the first throttle valve; the air outlet of the first-stage intercooler is connected with the air inlet of the second-stage intercooler, and the air outlet of the second-stage intercooler is connected with the air inlet of the generator set.
Further, in the above steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the generator unit includes: a prime mover and a generator; wherein, the air inlet of the prime mover is connected with the air outlet of the power generation air inlet system, the air outlet of the prime mover is connected with the air inlet of the boiler through the power generation exhaust system, and the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine is arranged in the prime mover; the output end of the prime motor is connected with the input end of the generator.
Further, in the above steam-hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit, the prime mover is a gas internal combustion engine, a gas turbine or a stirling engine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the air inlet of the boiler is respectively connected with the air outlet of the power generation system and the air outlet of the air inlet system of the boiler in a disconnectable manner, and the quantity of the heat of the flue gas and the heat of the fuel gas entering the boiler can be adjusted by adjusting the disconnection degree of the boiler and the power generation system and/or the disconnection degree of the boiler and the air inlet system of the boiler, so that the external circulating water can obtain different heat, the boiler can output hot water with different grades or steam with different grades, and further the heat requirements of different users at different stages can be met by adjusting the heat in a larger range.
In particular, the output of steam or hot water can be changed within a small range by changing the recovery degree of the heat of the smoke of the prime mover; the output quantity of the steam or the hot water can be changed in a large range by changing the output heat quantity of the boiler; the combustible gas entering the gas boiler is preheated by the supercharging of the secondary supercharger and the exhaust waste heat of the prime motor, so that the combustion efficiency of the combustible gas can be improved, and the emission of NOx, CO and THC can be reduced; a secondary booster is added behind the prime motor and used for air inlet of the boiler, a boiler blower is omitted, and electric energy can be saved while energy gradient reasonable utilization is achieved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred structure of the steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit provided by the present embodiment is shown. As shown, the unit comprises: a power generation system 1, a boiler 2 and a boiler air intake system 3.
Wherein, the air inlet 21 of the boiler 2 is respectively connected with the air outlet of the power generation system 1 and the air outlet of the boiler air inlet system 3 in a disconnectable manner so as to receive the flue gas output by the power generation system 1 and the combustible gas output by the boiler air inlet system 3. The inlet 22 of boiler 2 can receive the extrinsic cycle water, through the degree of disconnection of independent regulation boiler 2 and power generation system 1, or the degree of disconnection of independent regulation boiler 2 and boiler air intake system 3, or adjust boiler 2 and power generation system 1 simultaneously, the degree of disconnection of boiler 2 and boiler air intake system 3, adjust the flue gas heat and the gas heat that get into boiler 2, and then make the heat that gets into boiler 2 carry out heat exchange with the extrinsic cycle water, thereby make the first export 23 output of boiler 2 have the hot water of different grades or output have the steam of different grades.
Compared with the prior art, in the embodiment, because the air inlet 21 of the boiler 2 is respectively connected with the air outlet of the power generation system 1 and the air outlet of the boiler air inlet system 3 in an openable manner, the amount of flue gas heat and fuel gas heat entering the boiler 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the on-off degree of the boiler 2 and the power generation system 1 and/or adjusting the on-off degree of the boiler 2 and the boiler air inlet system 3, so that the external circulating water obtains different heat, the boiler 2 outputs hot water with different grades or steam with different grades, and the heat demand of different users in different stages can be met by adjusting the heat in a larger range.
In the above embodiment, the boiler air intake system 3 may include: a first gas mixer 31, a first throttle valve 32, a two-stage booster compressor 33 and a shut-off valve 34; the first air inlet 312 of the first gas mixer 31 may be filled with air, the second air inlet 313 of the first gas mixer 31 may be filled with gas, and the air and the gas are mixed in the first gas mixer 31 to form a gas mixture, i.e., a combustible gas. A two-stage booster compressor 33, a first throttle valve 32 and a stop valve 34 are connected between the air outlet 311 of the first gas mixer 31 and the air inlet 21 of the boiler 2 in sequence. By adjusting the shut-off valve 34, the heat of the gas entering the boiler 2 can be adjusted, so that the external circulating water obtains different heat. In particular implementations, the first throttle 32 may be a first electronic throttle.
In the above embodiment, the boiler air intake system 3 may further include: a burner 35. The first gas inlet 351 of the burner 35 may be connected to the gas outlet of the power generation system 1, the second gas outlet 352 of the burner 35 may be connected to the shut-off valve 34, and the gas outlet 353 of the burner 35 may be connected to the gas inlet 21 of the boiler 2, that is, the flue gas output from the power generation system 1 and the combustible gas output from the boiler gas inlet system 3 pass through the burner 35 before entering the boiler 2. In the combustor 35, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the power generation system 1 can preheat the combustible gas, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the combustible gas. In addition, high-temperature flue gas is not directly discharged into the atmosphere, but is used for preheating combustible gas, so that the emission of NOx, CO and THC is reduced, and the environment is protected.
The air and the fuel gas passing through the first fuel gas control valve 36 form fuel gas mixed gas through the first fuel gas mixer 31, namely, combustible gas is formed, the combustible gas is pressurized through the secondary booster compressor 33 and is heated, and then the combustible gas sequentially passes through the first throttle valve 32, the stop valve 34 and the combustor 35 and enters the boiler 2, so that a main air inlet system of the boiler 2 is formed.
In the above embodiment, the power generation system 1 may include: the system comprises a generator set 11, a power generation air inlet system 12 and a power generation exhaust system 13. Wherein, the air inlet of the generator set 11 is connected with the air outlet of the power generation air intake system 12 to receive the combustible gas output by the power generation air intake system 12; the outlet of the generator set 11 is connected with the inlet 21 of the boiler 2 through the power generation exhaust system 13 to convey the flue gas exhausted by the generator set 11 to the boiler 2.
The power generation exhaust system 13 may include: a first-stage supercharger turbine 131, a first exhaust three-way valve 132, and a second-stage supercharger turbine 133. The outlet of the generator set 11 is connected to the inlet 1321 of the first three-way exhaust valve 132 through the first-stage supercharger turbine 131, the first outlet 1322 of the first three-way exhaust valve 132 is connected to the inlet 1331 of the second-stage supercharger turbine 133, and the outlet 1332 of the second-stage supercharger turbine 133 is connected to the inlet 21 of the boiler 2.
The power generation exhaust system 13 may further include: an air inlet 1341 of the second exhaust three-way valve 134 is connected to the first air outlet 1322 of the first exhaust three-way valve 132, a first air outlet 1342 of the second exhaust three-way valve 134 is connected to an air inlet 1331 of the two-stage supercharger turbine 133, a second air outlet 1343 of the second exhaust three-way valve 134 is connected to the air inlet 21 of the boiler 2 through a conveying pipeline 5, and an air outlet 1332 of the two-stage supercharger turbine 133 is connected to the conveying pipeline 5. That is, the second exhaust three-way valve 134 is additionally provided between the first outlet 1322 of the first exhaust three-way valve 132 and the inlet 1331 of the two-stage supercharger turbine 133. In an implementation, a first end (an upper end shown in fig. 1) of the conveying pipe 5 may be connected to the second outlet 1343 of the second exhaust three-way valve 134, and a second end (a lower end shown in fig. 1) of the conveying pipe 5 may be connected to the first inlet 351 of the combustor 35.
The high-temperature flue gas discharged by the generator set 11 sequentially passes through the first-stage supercharger turbine 131, the first exhaust three-way valve 132, the second exhaust three-way valve 134 and the second-stage supercharger turbine 133, and enters the combustor 35 and the boiler 2 as inlet air, so that a secondary air inlet system of the boiler 2 is formed, and the secondary air inlet system is also an exhaust system of the generator set 11. Through increasing the second grade booster behind power generation system 1 to the admission to boiler 2 steps up and heat up, cancelled boiler 2 air-blower, when realizing energy step rational utilization, can also practice thrift the electric energy.
The working principle that the heat energy output of the steam and hot water dual-purpose type cogeneration unit is variable is as follows:
1. when the heat of the high-temperature flue gas exhausted by the generator set 11 is not recovered, the first fuel control valve 36 and the shut-off valve 34 are closed, and the first exhaust three-way valve 132 is adjusted to directly exhaust the high-temperature flue gas from the power generation system 1 to the atmosphere through the second air outlet 1323 of the first exhaust three-way valve 132.
2. When the heat of the high-temperature flue gas exhausted by part of the generator set 11 is recovered, the first gas control valve 36 and the cut-off valve 34 are closed, and the first exhaust three-way valve 132 is adjusted according to the amount of the heat to be recovered, so that part or all of the high-temperature flue gas exhausted by the generator set 11 enters the boiler 2; at this time, the second three-way exhaust valve 134 is adjusted, so that the flue gas passing through the second three-way exhaust valve does not pass through the two-stage supercharger turbine 133, and directly enters the boiler 2 through the burner 35, and the low-temperature flue gas formed in the boiler 2 is discharged through the second outlet 24 of the boiler 2.
3. When the two kinds of heat are too small to meet the requirement of the user, the boiler 2 is opened, the first exhaust three-way valve 132 is adjusted at the moment, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas exhausted by the generator set 11 is led to the boiler 2, the amount of the fuel gas and the combustible gas entering the combustor 35 is adjusted by adjusting the first fuel control valve 36, the first throttle valve 32 and the second exhaust three-way valve 134, and then the heat entering the boiler 2 is adjusted, so that the requirement of the user on the heat is met.
In the above embodiment, the method may further include: and the heat energy recovery system 4 is respectively connected with the generator set 11, the power generation air inlet system 12 and the liquid inlet 22 of the boiler 2. The heat energy recovery system 4 can receive the external circulating water, and recover the heat of the generator set 11 and the heat of the combustible gas output by the power generation and air intake system 12, so that the recovered heat and the external circulating water are subjected to heat exchange, and the external circulating water is conveyed to the boiler 2.
In this embodiment, before the external circulating water enters the boiler 2, the external circulating water first exchanges heat with the heat recovered by the heat energy recovery system 4, so that the external circulating water obtains a certain amount of heat, i.e., the external circulating water rises to a certain temperature, and then the external circulating water enters the boiler 2 again to raise the temperature again, thereby increasing the temperature of the hot water or steam output by the boiler 2 and expanding the heat output range.
In the above embodiment, the thermal energy recovery system 4 may include: a first-stage intercooler 41, a second-stage intercooler 42, an oil cooler 43, a three-way valve 46, and a heat exchanger 44. The liquid outlet 411 of the first-stage intercooler 41 is connected with the liquid inlet 1131 of the engine cylinder sleeve 113 through the engine oil cooler 43, the liquid outlet 1132 of the engine cylinder sleeve 113 is respectively connected with the first liquid inlet 461 of the three-way valve 46 and the first liquid inlet 441 of the heat exchanger 44, the first liquid outlet 442 of the heat exchanger 44 is connected with the second liquid inlet 462 of the three-way valve 46, and the liquid outlet 463 of the three-way valve 46 is connected with the liquid inlet 412 of the first-stage intercooler 41 sequentially through the internal circulation water pump 47 and the first flow regulating valve 45. The second-stage intercooler 42 is disposed in the power generation air intake system 12, an inlet 421 of the second-stage intercooler 42 can receive external circulating water, and an outlet 422 of the second-stage intercooler 42 is connected to a second inlet 444 of the heat exchanger 44 to convey the external circulating water to the heat exchanger 44. The second outlet 443 of the heat exchanger 44 is connected to the inlet 22 of the boiler 2 for feeding the external circulation water to the boiler 2. In particular, the heat exchanger 44 may be a plate heat exchanger, and the three-way valve 46 may be a temperature-controlled three-way valve. The inlet 421 of the second-stage intercooler 42 may be connected to an external circulation water pump 48 and a second flow rate adjusting valve 49 in sequence.
Circulating liquid for recovering heat, such as water or antifreeze, is pressurized by an internal circulating water pump 47, then sequentially passes through a first flow regulating valve 45, a first-stage intercooler 41, an engine oil cooler 43, an internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve 113 and a plate heat exchanger 44, and the recovered heat is transferred to external circulating water through the plate heat exchanger 44; the circulating liquid passing through the plate heat exchanger 44 and another circulating liquid not passing through the plate heat exchanger 44 are merged into one path at the three-way valve 46 and enter the internal circulating water pump 47; the external circulation water passes through the second flow rate adjustment valve 49, the external circulation water pump 48, the second-stage intercooler 42, the plate heat exchanger 44, and the boiler 2 in this order, and hot water or steam is produced by using the heat recovered by the second-stage intercooler 42, the heat recovered by the plate heat exchanger 44, and the heat in the boiler 2.
In the above embodiment, the power generation intake system 12 may include: a second gas mixer 121, a first stage booster compressor 122, and a second throttle 123. The first air inlet 1212 of the second gas mixer 121 may be filled with air, the second air inlet 1213 of the second gas mixer 121 may be filled with gas, and the air and the gas are mixed in the second gas mixer 121 to form a gas mixture, i.e., a combustible gas. A first-stage supercharger compressor 122 and a second throttle valve 123 are sequentially connected between an air outlet 1211 of the second air mixer 121 and an air inlet 413 of the first-stage intercooler 41, an air outlet 414 of the first-stage intercooler 41 is connected with an air inlet 423 of the second-stage intercooler 42, and an air outlet 424 of the second-stage intercooler 42 is connected with an air inlet of the generator set 11.
When the generator set 11 is only running, the air and the fuel gas passing through the second fuel gas control valve 124 form combustible gas through the second fuel gas mixer 121, the combustible gas is pressurized through the primary booster compressor 122 and is heated, and then the combustible gas enters the generator set 11 through the second throttle valve 123, the primary intercooler 41 and the secondary intercooler 42 in sequence, so that an air inlet channel of the generator set 11 is formed.
Because the combustible gas that electricity generation air intake system 12 carried can pass through one-level intercooler 41 and second intercooler 42, the circulating liquid of circulation can be at first retrieved the heat of combustible gas in one-level intercooler 41, and the outer circulating water of circulation retrieves the heat of combustible gas once more in the second intercooler 42 to realized retrieving the thermal furthest of combustible gas. In addition, because the temperature of the combustible gas is effectively controlled before entering the generator set 11, the reliable and normal operation of the generator set 11 can be ensured, and meanwhile, the combustible gas is not required to be cooled by additionally arranging a heat radiating device, so that certain cost is reduced.
In the above embodiment, the generator set 11 may include: a prime mover 111 and a generator 112. Wherein the air inlet 1111 of the prime mover 111 is connected to the air outlet of the power generation air intake system 12, i.e., to the air outlet 424 of the two-stage intercooler 42. The outlet port 1112 of the prime mover 111 is connected to the inlet port 21 of the boiler 2 through the power generation exhaust system 13, that is, to the inlet port 1311 of the first-stage supercharger turbine 131, and further to the inlet port 21 of the boiler 2. The engine block 113 is disposed within the prime mover 111, and the output of the prime mover 111 may be coupled to the input of the generator 112. The combustible gas entering the prime mover 111 works through combustion to drive the prime mover 111 to operate, and the prime mover 111 drives the generator 112 to operate to generate electricity to output electric energy to the outside, so that an electric energy output channel of the cogeneration unit is formed. In particular implementations, the prime mover 11 may be a gas internal combustion engine, a gas turbine, or a stirling engine.
It can be seen that steam with different grades or heat with different grades can be produced by controlling the amount of external circulating water, the recycling amount of the flue gas of the prime mover 111 and the output heat of the boiler 2 without adding the boiler 2 for compensation; the output quantity of the steam or the hot water can be changed in a small range by changing the recovery degree of the heat of the flue gas of the prime motor 111, and the output quantity of the steam or the hot water can be changed in a large range by changing the output quantity of the boiler 2; the structure becomes simple and the discharge amount is reduced.
In summary, compared with the prior art, in the embodiment, because the air inlet of the boiler is respectively connected with the air outlet of the power generation system and the air outlet of the air inlet system of the boiler in a disconnectable manner, the amount of heat of flue gas and the amount of heat of fuel gas entering the boiler can be adjusted by adjusting the disconnection degree of the boiler and the power generation system and/or the disconnection degree of the boiler and the air inlet system of the boiler, so that the external circulating water obtains different heat, the boiler outputs hot water with different grades or steam with different grades, and further, the heat demand of different users in different stages can be met through heat adjustment in a larger range.
In particular, the output of steam or hot water can be changed within a small range by changing the recovery degree of the heat of the smoke of the prime mover; the output quantity of the steam or the hot water can be changed in a large range by changing the output heat quantity of the boiler; the combustible gas entering the gas boiler is preheated by the supercharging of the secondary supercharger and the exhaust waste heat of the prime motor, so that the combustion efficiency of the combustible gas can be improved, and the emission of NOx, CO and THC can be reduced; a secondary booster is added behind the prime motor and used for air inlet of the boiler, a boiler blower is omitted, and electric energy can be saved while energy gradient reasonable utilization is achieved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (11)
1. A steam and hot water dual-purpose type cogeneration unit, characterized by comprising: the system comprises a power generation system (1), a boiler (2), a boiler air inlet system (3) and a heat energy recovery system (4); wherein,
the gas inlet (21) of the boiler (2) is respectively connected with the gas outlet of the power generation system (1) and the gas outlet of the boiler gas inlet system (3) in a disconnecting manner so as to receive the flue gas output by the power generation system (1) and the combustible gas output by the boiler gas inlet system (3);
the liquid inlet (22) of the boiler (2) is used for receiving external circulating water, and the heat of flue gas and the heat of fuel gas entering the boiler (2) are adjusted by adjusting the switching-on and switching-off degree of the boiler (2) and the power generation system (1) and/or adjusting the switching-on and switching-off degree of the boiler (2) and the boiler air inlet system (3), so that heat exchange is carried out between the external circulating water and the boiler (2) and the first outlet (23) of the boiler (2) outputs hot water with different grades or steam with different grades;
the power generation system (1) includes: generating set (11) and electricity generation air intake system (12), heat recovery system (4) respectively with generating set (11) electricity generation air intake system (12) with inlet (22) of boiler (2) are connected, and, heat recovery system (4) still are used for receiving outer circulating water, and retrieve generating set (11) heat with the combustible gas's of electricity generation air intake system (12) output heat, and then make the heat of retrieving with outer circulating water carries out heat exchange, and will outer circulating water carry to boiler (2).
2. A cogeneration unit of the steam and hot water dual type according to claim 1, characterized in that said boiler air intake system (3) comprises: the device comprises a first gas mixer (31), a first throttle valve (32), a two-stage booster compressor (33) and a cut-off valve (34); wherein,
the gas outlet (311) of the first gas mixer (31) and the gas inlet (21) of the boiler (2) are sequentially connected with the secondary booster compressor (33), the first throttle valve (32) and the stop valve (34).
3. A steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit according to claim 2, wherein said boiler air intake system (3) further comprises:
a burner (35) having a first inlet (351) connected to an outlet of the power generation system (1), a second inlet (352) of the burner (35) connected to the shut-off valve (34), and an outlet (353) of the burner (35) connected to an inlet (21) of the boiler (2).
4. A cogeneration unit of the steam and hot water dual type according to claim 2, wherein said power generation system (1) further comprises:
the power generation exhaust system (13) is connected with the gas inlet of the power generation gas inlet system (12) through a gas inlet of the generator set (11) so as to receive combustible gas output by the power generation gas inlet system (12);
the gas outlet of the generator set (11) is connected with the gas inlet (21) of the boiler (2) through the power generation exhaust system (13) so as to convey the flue gas exhausted by the generator set (11) to the boiler (2).
5. A cogeneration unit of the steam and hot water dual type according to claim 4, wherein said power generation exhaust system (13) comprises: a first-stage supercharger turbine (131), a first exhaust three-way valve (132), and a second-stage supercharger turbine (133); wherein,
the air outlet of the generator set (11) is connected with the air inlet (1321) of the first exhaust three-way valve (132) through the first-stage supercharger turbine (131), the first air outlet (1322) of the first exhaust three-way valve (132) is connected with the air inlet (1331) of the second-stage supercharger turbine (133), and the air outlet (1332) of the second-stage supercharger turbine (133) is connected with the air inlet (21) of the boiler (2).
6. A steam and hot water dual-purpose cogeneration unit according to claim 5, wherein said power generation exhaust system (13) further comprises:
a second exhaust three-way valve (134) with an air inlet (1341) connected to the first air outlet (1322) of the first exhaust three-way valve (132), a first air outlet (1342) of the second exhaust three-way valve (134) connected to the air inlet (1331) of the two-stage supercharger turbine (133), and a second air outlet (1343) of the second exhaust three-way valve (134) connected to the air inlet (21) of the boiler (2) via a conveying line (5);
the outlet (1332) of the two-stage supercharger turbine (133) is connected to the feed line (5).
7. A cogeneration unit of the steam and hot water dual type according to claim 5, characterized in that said thermal energy recovery system (4) comprises: a first-stage intercooler (41), a second-stage intercooler (42), an oil cooler (43) and a heat exchanger (44); wherein,
the liquid outlet (411) of the primary intercooler (41) is connected with the liquid inlet (1131) of an internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve (113) through the oil cooler (43), the liquid outlet (1132) of the internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve (113) is connected with the first liquid inlet (441) of the heat exchanger (44), and the first liquid outlet (442) of the heat exchanger (44) is connected with the liquid inlet (412) of the primary intercooler (41) through a first flow regulating valve (45);
the second liquid outlet (443) of the heat exchanger (44) is connected with the liquid inlet (22) of the boiler (2) to convey the external circulating water to the boiler (2);
the second-stage intercooler (42) is arranged in the power generation air intake system (12), a liquid inlet (421) of the second-stage intercooler (42) is used for receiving the external circulating water, and a liquid outlet (422) of the second-stage intercooler (42) is connected with a second liquid inlet (444) of the heat exchanger (44) so as to convey the external circulating water to the heat exchanger (44).
8. A cogeneration unit according to claim 7, wherein said thermal energy recovery system (4) further comprises:
and a three-way valve (46), wherein a first liquid inlet (461) of the three-way valve is connected with a liquid outlet (1132) of the internal combustion engine cylinder sleeve (113), a second liquid inlet (462) of the three-way valve (46) is connected with a first liquid outlet (442) of the heat exchanger (44), and a liquid outlet (463) of the three-way valve (46) is connected with a liquid inlet (412) of the primary intercooler (41) through the first flow regulating valve (45).
9. A cogeneration unit according to claim 7, of the steam and hot water dual-purpose type, wherein said power generation intake system (12) comprises: a second gas mixer (121), a first-stage supercharger compressor (122), and a second throttle valve (123); wherein,
the first-stage supercharger compressor (122) and the second throttle valve (123) are sequentially connected between the air outlet (1211) of the second gas mixer (121) and the air inlet (413) of the first-stage intercooler (41), the air outlet (414) of the first-stage intercooler (41) is connected with the air inlet (423) of the second-stage intercooler (42), and the air outlet (424) of the second-stage intercooler (42) is connected with the air inlet of the generator set (11).
10. A cogeneration unit of the steam and hot water dual type according to claim 7, characterized in that said generator unit (11) comprises: a motor (111) and a generator (112); wherein,
the air inlet (1111) of the prime mover (111) is connected with the air outlet of the power generation air inlet system (12), the air outlet (1112) of the prime mover (111) is connected with the air inlet (21) of the boiler (2) through the power generation exhaust system (13), and the cylinder sleeve (113) of the internal combustion engine is arranged in the prime mover (111);
the output of the prime mover (111) is connected to the input of the generator (112).
11. A combined heat and power plant according to claim 10, characterised in that said prime mover (111) is a gas internal combustion engine, a gas turbine or a stirling engine.
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| CN1807860A (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-07-26 | 华南理工大学 | Smoke low-temperature residual heat utilization system with natural gas cooling-heating combined power device and operating method thereof |
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| CN203010565U (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-06-19 | 常州新奥燃气工程有限公司 | Waste heat-afterburning and no-waste heat parallel type steam production device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5319924A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-06-14 | Texaco Inc. | Partial oxidation power system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1807860A (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-07-26 | 华南理工大学 | Smoke low-temperature residual heat utilization system with natural gas cooling-heating combined power device and operating method thereof |
| CN202596823U (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-12-12 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Open normal-reverse circulation coupling electricity, heat and cold triple co-generation system based on gas turbine |
| CN203010565U (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-06-19 | 常州新奥燃气工程有限公司 | Waste heat-afterburning and no-waste heat parallel type steam production device |
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