CN107600053B - Hand brake pressure lever for vehicle hand brake and processing method - Google Patents
Hand brake pressure lever for vehicle hand brake and processing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107600053B CN107600053B CN201710694766.8A CN201710694766A CN107600053B CN 107600053 B CN107600053 B CN 107600053B CN 201710694766 A CN201710694766 A CN 201710694766A CN 107600053 B CN107600053 B CN 107600053B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- guide shaft
- hand brake
- return spring
- limiting block
- reset spring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hand brake pressure lever for a vehicle hand brake, which comprises a pressure lever body, wherein the front end of the pressure lever body is provided with a button for pushing the pressure lever body to displace, and the hand brake pressure lever is characterized in that: the push rod body is provided with a mounting groove, a guide shaft arranged along the acting force direction of the push rod is arranged in the mounting groove, two ends of the guide shaft are respectively fixed with the inner wall of the mounting groove, a reset spring and a limiting block which is in sliding fit with the guide shaft are sleeved outside the guide shaft, two ends of the reset spring are respectively fixed with the limiting block and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and when the push rod body is pushed by the push rod body to displace, the limiting block and the push rod body overcome the elastic relative movement of the reset spring. The guide shaft can limit the reset spring, so that the phenomenon that the compression bar body cannot reset normally due to the fact that the reset spring slips is avoided. The invention provides a hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake, which has small vibration transmitted to a return spring by the hand brake lever, so that the noise is low, and the service life of the return spring is long.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle hand brake operating levers, in particular to a hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake and a processing method.
Background
The hand brake lever is a component part in the hand brake operating lever of the vehicle, and is arranged in the shell of the hand brake operating lever, and when an operator presses the button, the button pushes the hand brake lever to move relative to the shell, so that a locking piece on the other end of the hand brake lever away from the button is driven to be separated from a corresponding ratchet wheel in the shell, and finally the resetting of the hand brake operating lever is completed. But among the prior art, locking piece, manual brake depression bar and the reset spring on the manual brake depression bar are metal finished piece, and the vibration of its production when locking piece and ratchet meshing can produce resonance on the transmission of the manual brake depression bar to reset spring through metal finished piece, and this not only produces great noise, can make the collision between vibrating reset spring and the manual brake depression bar moreover, finally influences reset spring's stability in use.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the hand brake lever for the vehicle hand brake has the advantages that the hand brake lever is small in vibration transmitted to the reset spring, so that the noise is low, and the service life of the reset spring is long.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a manual brake depression bar that vehicle manual brake used, it includes the depression bar body, and the front end of depression bar body is equipped with a button that is used for promoting the displacement of depression bar body, its characterized in that: the push rod body is provided with a mounting groove, a guide shaft arranged along the acting force direction of the push rod is arranged in the mounting groove, two ends of the guide shaft are respectively fixed with the inner wall of the mounting groove, a reset spring and a limiting block which is in sliding fit with the guide shaft are sleeved outside the guide shaft, two ends of the reset spring are respectively fixed with the limiting block and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and when the push rod body is pushed by the push rod body to displace, the limiting block and the push rod body overcome the elastic relative movement of the reset spring. The guide shaft can limit the reset spring, so that the phenomenon that the compression bar body cannot reset normally due to the fact that the reset spring slips is avoided.
The reset spring is arranged on one side, close to the button, of the limiting block in the mounting groove, and two ends of the reset spring are respectively abutted against the end face of the limiting block and the inner wall of the mounting groove. The connecting mode of the two ends of the reset spring can be simplified by compressing the reset spring, and the two ends of the reset spring only lean against the limiting block and the inner side wall of the mounting groove without being fixed with the limiting block and the inner side wall of the mounting groove.
The limiting block is provided with an annular groove at a position corresponding to the end part of the return spring, and a part of the return spring extends into the annular groove and abuts against the bottom of the annular groove. The end part of the return spring can be limited in the radial direction through the annular groove, and the end part of the return spring is prevented from being subjected to vibration or radial external force to generate deflection.
The limiting block is provided with a clamping groove for the limiting block to be arranged on the guide shaft along the radial direction of the guide shaft. The limiting block can be conveniently and rapidly mounted on the guide shaft through the clamping groove.
And a limiting piece used for limiting the radial displacement of the end part of the return spring is arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove and positioned at the position corresponding to the end part of the return spring. Through the design of locating part and annular groove, can make reset spring's both ends all along radial spacing, avoid reset spring's both ends to receive vibration or radial external force and produce the skew.
The limiting piece is a convex column, and the end part of the return spring, which is far away from the limiting piece, is sleeved outside the convex column and is abutted against the inner wall of the mounting groove.
The convex column and the compression bar body are of an integrated structure, and a through hole for the guide shaft to pass through is formed in the convex column.
After adopting above structure, the hand brake lever for the vehicle hand brake has the following advantages compared with the prior art: firstly, vibration on the depression bar body is only passed through reset spring's one end and is transmitted to reset spring, and consequently the vibration that reset spring received influences for a short time, and the noise that produces is low, secondly, can avoid reset spring to receive radial force and dislocation slippage through the design of guiding axle, guarantees reset spring's job stabilization nature, and finally, can make reset spring along radial spacing through setting up projection and annular groove, further assurance reset spring job stabilization nature, also reduces the contact between reset spring and the guiding axle simultaneously, reduces the collision between reset spring and the guiding axle and produces vibrations.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the processing method of the hand brake lever is convenient to process, firm in structure and long in service life.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the processing method of the hand brake lever is characterized by comprising the following steps of: it comprises the following steps:
step1, sleeving a reset spring on a guide shaft, wherein two ends of the guide shaft are exposed out of the reset spring;
step 2, a guide shaft and a return spring on the guide shaft are arranged on a forming die of the compression bar body, and two ends of the guide shaft, which are positioned outside the return spring, extend into a cavity of the forming die;
step 3, taking out the compression bar body with the guide shaft and the return spring after molding from the molding die;
And 4, installing the limiting block on the guide shaft.
The guide shaft and the compression bar body are integrally formed, so that the return spring can be well limited on the compression bar body, the structure is firm and reliable, the service life is long, the assembly process of the return spring is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
Wherein, step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1, embedding a guide shaft and a return spring into an auxiliary tool, wherein the guide shaft and the return spring are both limited in the auxiliary tool;
And 2.2, arranging the auxiliary tool, the guide shaft in the auxiliary tool and the return spring on a forming die of the compression bar body, and enabling two ends of the guide shaft to extend into a cavity of the forming die. The machining efficiency can be increased through auxiliary fixtures.
The following steps are arranged between the step 1 and the step 2:
and step X, arranging flat reinforcing members at two ends of the guide shaft. The strength of connection between the guide shaft and the compression bar body can be improved by arranging the reinforcing piece.
After the structure is adopted, the processing method of the hand brake lever has the following advantages compared with the prior art: firstly, the guiding axle and the compression bar body are integrally formed, so that firm connection is reliable, secondly, the reset spring is limited to be positioned outside the guiding axle in the integral forming process of the guiding axle and the compression bar body, so that the risk of falling off of the reset spring is avoided, the structure is firmer and more reliable, and finally, the reset spring can be prevented from sliding or even falling off in the process of loading the guiding axle into the forming die through an auxiliary tool, and the processing efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hand brake lever and a processing method for a vehicle hand brake of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the area "a" in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stopper of the present invention.
The device comprises a pressing rod body, a pressing rod, a pressing button, a mounting groove, a guide shaft, a return spring, a limiting block, a ring-shaped groove, a clamping groove, a protruding column and a protruding column, wherein the pressing rod body, the pressing button, the mounting groove, the guide shaft, the return spring, the limiting block, the annular groove, the clamping groove and the protruding column are arranged in sequence, and the fixing groove is formed in the pressing rod body.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention provides a hand brake pressure lever for a vehicle hand brake, which comprises a pressure lever body 1, wherein the front end of the pressure lever body 1 is provided with a button 2 for pushing the pressure lever body 1 to displace, and is characterized in that: be equipped with a mounting groove 3 on the depression bar body 1, be equipped with a guiding axle 4 that sets up along the effort direction of button 2 in the mounting groove 3, the both ends of guiding axle 4 are fixed with the inner wall of mounting groove 3 respectively, guiding axle 4 overcoat has a reset spring 5 and with guiding axle 4 sliding fit's stopper 6, reset spring 5's both ends are fixed with the inslot wall of stopper 6 and mounting groove 3 respectively, when button 2 promotes depression bar body 1 displacement stopper 6 and depression bar body 1 between overcome reset spring 5's elasticity relative movement.
The push rod body 1 has the axial pushing motion of the push button to the push rod body 1 when the push button is pressed in the actual use process and the swinging motion of the push rod body 1 in the hand brake operating rod which is driven by the hand brake operating rod in the hand brake operating rod pulling process. Therefore, the above-mentioned push button 2 pushing the compression bar body 1 to displace means that the compression bar body 1 moves axially when the push button 2 is pressed, that is, the compression bar body 1 moves axially along the installation channel in the hand brake operating lever. Of course, since the compression bar body 1 is not in a vertical state, the axial movement of the compression bar body 1 refers to a movement state of the end of the compression bar body 1 near the position of the button 2.
Preferably, the guide shaft is a steel shaft. The compression bar body 1 is made of plastic materials.
The reset action of the reset spring 5 drives the press rod body 1 and the button on the press rod body 1 to reset through the elastic force of the reset spring 5, so that the elastic force of the reset spring 5 pushes the press rod body 1 to reset after the external force is removed if the reset spring 5 is in a compressed state after the button 2 is pressed, and the elastic force of the reset spring 5 pulls the press rod body 1 to reset after the external force is removed if the reset spring 5 is in a stretched state. Therefore, the above mentioned two ends of the return spring 5 are respectively fixed with the inner walls of the limiting block 6 and the installation groove 3, when the return spring 5 relies on the pushing force to realize the return of the compression bar body 1, the two ends of the return spring 5 are abutted against the inner walls of the limiting block 6 and the installation groove 3, when the return spring 5 relies on the pulling force to realize the return of the compression bar body 1, the two ends of the return spring 5 need to be fixed with the inner walls of the limiting block 6 and the installation groove, such as bonding, welding or clamping.
Preferably, the return spring 5 is arranged in the mounting groove 3 and positioned at one side of the limiting block 6 close to the button 2, and two ends of the return spring 5 respectively abut against the end face of the limiting block 6 and the inner wall of the mounting groove 3.
An annular groove 6.1 is arranged on the limiting block 6 and positioned at the position corresponding to the end part of the return spring 5, and the part of the return spring 5 stretches into the annular groove 6.1 and abuts against the bottom of the annular groove 6.1.
Preferably, the central axis of the annular groove 6.1 is collinear with the axis of the guide shaft 4, and the diameter of the inner ring of the annular groove 6.1 is larger than the diameter of the guide shaft.
The limiting block 6 is provided with a clamping groove 6.2 for the limiting block 6 to be arranged on the guide shaft 4 along the radial direction of the guide shaft 4.
Preferably, the width of the clamping groove 6.2 is larger than the diameter of the guide shaft 4, so that the guide shaft 4 can pass through the clamping groove 6.2.
Preferably, an elastic bump is arranged in the clamping groove 6.2, and the elastic bump is extruded into the limiting block 6 when the guide shaft 4 passes through the clamping groove 6.2.
Preferably, the width of the clamping groove 6.2 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the guide shaft 4, and when the clamping groove 6.2 receives the radial extrusion force of the guide shaft 4, the clamping groove 6.2 expands to the width of the clamping groove 6.2 larger than the diameter of the guide shaft 4 against the elastic deformation of the clamping groove.
And a limiting piece for limiting the radial displacement of the end part of the return spring 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove 3 at a position corresponding to the end part of the return spring 5.
The limiting piece is a convex column 7, and the end part of the return spring 5, which is far away from the limiting piece 6, is sleeved outside the convex column and abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove 3.
The convex column 7 and the compression bar body 1 are of an integrated structure, and a through hole for the guide shaft 4 to pass through is arranged in the convex column 7.
A processing method of a hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake is characterized by comprising the following steps of: it comprises the following steps:
step 1, sleeving a return spring 5 on a guide shaft 4, and exposing two ends of the guide shaft 4 outside the return spring 5;
Step 2, placing the guide shaft 4 and the return spring 5 on the guide shaft 4 on a forming die of the compression bar body 1, wherein two ends of the guide shaft 4 outside the return spring 5 extend into a cavity of the forming die;
Step 3, taking out the compression bar body 1 with the guide shaft 4 and the return spring 5 after molding from the molding die;
And 4, installing the limiting block 6 on the guide shaft 4.
Wherein, step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, embedding a guide shaft 4 and a return spring 5 into an auxiliary tool, wherein the guide shaft 4 and the return spring 5 are both limited in the auxiliary tool;
Step 2.2, the auxiliary tool is arranged on the forming die of the compression bar body 1 together with the guide shaft 4 and the reset spring 5 in the auxiliary tool, and two ends of the guide shaft 4 extend into the cavity of the forming die.
The method comprises the following steps of:
step X, arranging flat stiffeners at two ends of the guide shaft 4. The reinforcement is a flat structure formed by forging and pressing the end part of the guide shaft 4.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustration and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to be changed, and all changes made within the scope of the invention as independently claimed are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a manual brake depression bar that vehicle manual brake was used, it includes depression bar body (1), and the front end of depression bar body (1) is equipped with button (2) that are used for promoting the displacement of depression bar body (1), its characterized in that:
the push rod comprises a push rod body (1), wherein an installation groove (3) is formed in the push rod body (1), a guide shaft (4) arranged along the acting force direction of a push button (2) is arranged in the installation groove (3), two ends of the guide shaft (4) are respectively fixed with the inner wall of the installation groove (3), a return spring (5) and a limiting block (6) which is in sliding fit with the guide shaft (4) are sleeved outside the guide shaft (4), two ends of the return spring (5) are respectively fixed with the limiting block (6) and the inner wall of the installation groove (3), and when the push button (2) pushes the push rod body (1) to move, the limiting block (6) and the push rod body (1) overcome the elastic force of the return spring (5) to move relatively;
the reset spring (5) is arranged in the mounting groove (3) and is positioned at one side of the limiting block (6) close to the button (2), and two ends of the reset spring (5) are respectively abutted against the end face of the limiting block (6) and the inner wall of the mounting groove (3);
And a limiting piece used for limiting the radial displacement of the end part of the return spring (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove (3) at a position corresponding to the end part of the return spring (5).
2. The hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake according to claim 1, wherein:
An annular groove (6.1) is arranged on the limiting block (6) at a position corresponding to the end part of the reset spring (5), and the part of the reset spring (5) stretches into the annular groove (6.1) and abuts against the bottom of the annular groove (6.1).
3. The hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake according to claim 1, wherein:
The limiting block (6) is provided with a clamping groove (6.2) for the limiting block (6) to be arranged on the guide shaft (4) along the radial direction of the guide shaft (4).
4. The hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake according to claim 1, wherein:
The limiting piece is a convex column (7), and the end part of the return spring (5) far away from the limiting piece (6) is sleeved outside the convex column and abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove (3).
5. The hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake according to claim 4, wherein:
the convex column (7) and the compression bar body (1) are of an integrated structure, and a through hole for the guide shaft (4) to pass through is formed in the convex column (7).
6. A method for processing a hand brake lever, characterized in that the method for processing a hand brake lever is used for preparing the hand brake lever for a vehicle hand brake according to any one of claims 1-5,
The processing method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, sleeving a return spring (5) on a guide shaft (4), and exposing two ends of the guide shaft (4) outside the return spring (5);
Step 2, arranging the guide shaft (4) and a return spring (5) on the guide shaft (4) on a forming die of the compression bar body (1), wherein two ends of the guide shaft (4) outside the return spring (5) extend into a cavity of the forming die;
Step 3, taking out the compression bar body (1) with the guide shaft (4) and the return spring (5) from the forming die after forming;
And 4, mounting a limiting block (6) on the guide shaft (4).
7. The method for processing the hand brake lever according to claim 6, wherein:
step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1, embedding a guide shaft (4) and a return spring (5) into an auxiliary tool, wherein the guide shaft (4) and the return spring (5) are both limited in the auxiliary tool;
And 2.2, arranging the auxiliary tool, a guide shaft (4) in the auxiliary tool and a return spring (5) on a forming die of the compression bar body (1), wherein two ends of the guide shaft (4) extend into a cavity of the forming die.
8. The method for processing the hand brake lever according to claim 6, wherein:
The following steps are arranged between the step 1 and the step 2:
and step X, arranging flat reinforcing members at two ends of the guide shaft (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710694766.8A CN107600053B (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | Hand brake pressure lever for vehicle hand brake and processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710694766.8A CN107600053B (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | Hand brake pressure lever for vehicle hand brake and processing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107600053A CN107600053A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
| CN107600053B true CN107600053B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
Family
ID=61063936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710694766.8A Active CN107600053B (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | Hand brake pressure lever for vehicle hand brake and processing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107600053B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115781095B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-05-26 | 西北电子装备技术研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第二研究所) | Double-spring seam welding head and parallel seam welding machine |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5509326A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1996-04-23 | Rockwell Body And Chassis Systems | Parking brake for motor vehicle with a low application force |
| US5528957A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1996-06-25 | Rockwell Body And Chassis Systems | Hand lever parking brake for motor vehicle, having reduced operating force required of the user |
| DE10027019A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-13 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Hand operated tensioning and release device for motor vehicle brake has coupled swivelable operating and tensioning levers on swivel axle |
| EP1650092A1 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-04-26 | Batz, S.Coop. | Device for actuating a parking brake with noise-reduction mechanism |
| EP1818230A1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-15 | DGS Druckguss Systeme AG | Handbrake device |
| CN106891870A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-27 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Brake gear |
| CN207029148U (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-23 | 宁波爱立德汽车部件有限公司 | The parking brake depression bar of vehicle parking brake |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES1070757Y (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2010-01-20 | Edscha Espana S A | DRIVE ROD FOR HAND BRAKE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
-
2017
- 2017-08-15 CN CN201710694766.8A patent/CN107600053B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5509326A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1996-04-23 | Rockwell Body And Chassis Systems | Parking brake for motor vehicle with a low application force |
| US5528957A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1996-06-25 | Rockwell Body And Chassis Systems | Hand lever parking brake for motor vehicle, having reduced operating force required of the user |
| DE10027019A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-13 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Hand operated tensioning and release device for motor vehicle brake has coupled swivelable operating and tensioning levers on swivel axle |
| EP1650092A1 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-04-26 | Batz, S.Coop. | Device for actuating a parking brake with noise-reduction mechanism |
| EP1818230A1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-15 | DGS Druckguss Systeme AG | Handbrake device |
| CN106891870A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-27 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Brake gear |
| CN207029148U (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-23 | 宁波爱立德汽车部件有限公司 | The parking brake depression bar of vehicle parking brake |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107600053A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10316920B2 (en) | Anti-vibration device | |
| JP5876224B2 (en) | Upper support manufacturing method | |
| JP6165810B2 (en) | Cylindrical elastic coupling device for shaft tension | |
| JP6510893B2 (en) | Buffer stopper | |
| CN207029148U (en) | The parking brake depression bar of vehicle parking brake | |
| CN107600053B (en) | Hand brake pressure lever for vehicle hand brake and processing method | |
| KR101197445B1 (en) | Burring device for manufacturing cylindrical flange of suspension arm | |
| CN109986018B (en) | Mounting unit for a press-riveting device, press-riveting device and method for producing same | |
| CN110461493A (en) | The joint method and device of component | |
| KR20170013574A (en) | Upper arm of cars manufacture molding machine | |
| KR101369185B1 (en) | Molding device for torsion beam | |
| JP5232257B2 (en) | Parking brake device | |
| JP6449027B2 (en) | Buffer stopper | |
| JP4492296B2 (en) | Cup-shaped part molding method and molding apparatus | |
| KR101882241B1 (en) | Rack bush of steering device for vehicle | |
| JP2014124749A (en) | Component attachment device and component attachment method | |
| CN107877419A (en) | Quick clip steel ball tension mechanism | |
| US20190210577A1 (en) | Cylinder apparatus for brake | |
| JP5622157B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of bleeder screw | |
| US20210053105A1 (en) | Process and device for manufacturing hollow, internally cooled valves | |
| US12157426B2 (en) | Method for producing structure | |
| JP2008246490A (en) | Drilling device and drilling method | |
| KR102430215B1 (en) | Ball joint unit | |
| KR101250839B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for manufacturing a notch in a pipe | |
| KR101634328B1 (en) | Device for preventing bend of die pin |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |