CN107587476B - Wave-blocking wall with prefabricated reverse arc olecranon structure and design and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wave wall with a prefabricated reverse arc olecranon structure and a design and construction method thereof, wherein the wave wall comprises a wave wall and a prefabricated reverse arc olecranon structure unit, the water-facing surface of the prefabricated structure unit is of an arc structure, the upper part of the water-facing surface of the prefabricated structure unit is provided with a grouting hole, a grouting seam is arranged below the grouting hole, the bottom and two sides of the water-facing surface of the prefabricated structure unit are provided with grout stopping strips, and the top of the prefabricated structure unit is provided with an installation hoisting point; the back of the body surface of prefabricated constitutional unit and the upstream surface of wave wall are equipped with the buckle component of mutually supporting respectively, and prefabricated constitutional unit passes through the buckle component to be installed on the upstream surface of wave wall, and through the grout hole to grout in the grout joint and the installation clearance of anti-arc olecranon constitutional unit and wave wall, pass through bar planting fixed mounting counter weight structure at the back of the body surface of wave wall. The prefabricated reverse arc olecranon structure and the wave blocking wall are assembled by adopting prefabricated components, so that wet operation can be reduced on a construction site, time and labor are saved, and the construction cost of a project can be reduced.

Description

A wave-retaining wall with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure and its design and construction method

Technical field:

The invention relates to the field of disaster prevention and mitigation design of water conservancy projects, in particular to a wave retaining wall with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure and a design and construction method thereof.

Background technique:

The seawall wave wall is one of the construction contents of the seawall to achieve tide-proof safety. The wave wall is located on the tidal side above the road surface on the top of the seawall. It is generally a vertical wall made of mortar blocks or concrete structure. The design of seawall's tide-resisting and wave-proof height is mainly determined by parameters such as design tide level, wave climb and wave overshoot. As far as the seawall in a certain area is concerned, its design tidal level is a definite value, so how to reduce the wave climb and the amount of wave overshoot becomes an important part of economically and effectively ensuring the safety of the seawall.

As far as the mechanism is concerned, there are two main types of seawall control: direct and indirect. The direct type is mainly to control or reduce the wave climbing and overshooting by directly reducing wave energy by setting special-shaped concrete blocks in front of the dike or building components or structures such as submerged dikes, or frame structures; while the indirect type is mainly to reduce the wave energy. The tidal face of the embankment is set as an anti-arc structure, and the design principle is to control the phase difference between the tidal wave and the tidal wave at 180 degrees as much as possible, so as to reduce the wave height and wave overshoot after superposition and combination.

When setting anti-arc structures on the already-built wave-retaining wall to reduce the amount of overrunning waves, the traditional method is to perform concrete veneer treatment on the wave-retaining wall and the following parts, and make an anti-arc structure on the wave-retaining wall . This construction method still has some deficiencies in engineering practice, such as the problems of cumbersome procedures, long construction period and high cost caused by in-situ pouring of veneer concrete on the tidal surface.

Invention content:

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art above, the present invention provides a wave-retaining wall with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure, which can be assembled and installed by snap-fit components arranged on the anti-arc olecranon structure and the wave-retaining wall. Not only can it ensure the safety and stability of the anti-arc olecranon structure, but also greatly shorten the construction period for strengthening the wave wall.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A wave retaining wall provided with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure, comprising a wave retaining wall and a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure unit, the upstream surface of the prefabricated structural unit is an arc structure, and the upper part of the back surface of the prefabricated structural unit is provided with Grouting holes, grouting joints are provided under the grouting holes, grout-stop strips are provided on the bottom and both sides of the backwater surface of the prefabricated structural unit, and installation hanging points are provided on the top of the prefabricated structural unit; the backwater surface of the prefabricated structural unit and the wave retaining wall The facing surface is equipped with snap-fit components that cooperate with each other. The prefabricated structural unit is installed on the facing surface of the wave-retaining wall through the snap-fit components, and is installed into the grouting joint through the grouting hole and the anti-arc olecranon structural unit and the wave-retaining wall. Grouting is carried out in the gap, and the counterweight structure is fixed and installed on the back surface of the wave wall by planting bars.

The prefabricated structural unit is formed by pre-casting concrete, and the lower end of the installation lifting point is anchored deep into the concrete with anchor pieces.

The side of the prefabricated structural unit is provided with asphalt filling holes and grout stop strips.

The slurry-stopping strip adopts a semicircular rubber strip.

The counterweight structure is made of cast-in-place concrete, and the counterweight structure and the wave-retaining wall are connected to form an integral structure through the planting bars on the back surface of the wave-retaining wall; or the counterweight structure adopts a prefabricated box structure, and The planting reinforcement on the backside connects the prefabricated box structure and the wave wall into an overall structure. The design and installation of the prefabricated box structure adopts the lower structure, and the prefabricated box structure is filled with planting soil, and green plants are planted in the planting soil.

The present invention also provides a design and construction method for the above-mentioned wave-retaining wall provided with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure, which includes:

(1) Improve the anti-arc olecranon structure of the original wave wall to analyze the structural anti-tilt stability force, and then determine the size and weight of the anti-arc olecranon structure and counterweight structure, and determine the design scheme of the counterweight structure;

(2) The anti-arc olecranon structural unit is prefabricated in the factory in advance, and the buckle components are pre-set on the back surface of the anti-arc olecranon structural unit and the upstream surface of the original wave retaining wall;

(3) During construction, first fix the counterweight structure on the backwater surface of the wave-retaining wall with planting bars, then hoist the anti-arc olecranon structure to the installation place of the wave-retaining wall, and clamp the anti-arc olecranon structure on the backwater surface The buckle member and the buckle member on the water-facing surface of the wave retaining wall are accurately hung, and grouting is carried out through the grouting hole into the grouting joint and the installation gap between the anti-arc olecranon structural unit and the wave retaining wall, and the anti-arc olecranon structure is fixed on the The facing surface of the wave wall.

In the content (1) of the design and construction method, the anti-overturning analysis calculation formula of the improved structure of the wave wall is as follows:

Among them, ∑M _V ＝G ₃ b ₃ +G ₁ b ₁ , ∑M _H ＝G ₂ b ₂ +P _valley c,

The parameters in the above formula are defined as follows:

K ₀ —anti-tilting stability safety factor;

M _V - anti-overturning moment (kN m);

M _H —overturning moment (kN m);

G1, G2, G3—respectively, the gravity of the wave wall, the anti-arc olecranon structure and the counterweight structure;

b1, b2, b3—respectively, the gravity of the original wave wall, the anti-arc olecranon structure and the counterweight structure to the force arm of the overturning calculation point;

P _trough —the wave force in front of the wave retaining wall under the action of the trough;

c—moment arm of wave action force on overturn calculation point.

The reinforcement anchorage depth _IS involved in the design and construction method is calculated according to the following formula:

ls=0.2α _spt df _y /f _bd

In the formula: α _spt — calculation coefficient quoted for preventing concrete splitting;

d—Nominal diameter of planting bar (mm);

f _bd — the design value of the bonding shear strength of the adhesive used for planting bars (N/mm ² );

f _y —Design value of tensile strength of reinforcement for planting reinforcement (N/mm ² ).

The buckle member installed on the wave-retaining wall adopts hooks to plant bars, and first drills a hole at a preset position on the water-facing surface of the wave-retaining wall, then removes the ash powder and ash residue left in the hole, and finally injects glue into the hole. After the hole is filled with glue, put the steel bar into the hole immediately and slowly screw it in in one direction until the steel bar reaches the bottom of the hole. After the steel bar is implanted, position it on the beam bottom formwork and wait for the strong glue to cure.

When the planting bars are planted with HRB335 grade steel bars, the concrete strength grade of the wave-retaining wall is not lower than C15; when the planting bars are planted with HRB400-grade steel bars, the concrete strength level of the wave-retaining wall is not lower than C20; if the planting bars are planted with HPB235 When planting high-grade steel bars, the diameter of the steel bars shall not be greater than 12mm, and the concrete strength level of the wave-retaining wall shall not be lower than C20.

The prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure provided by the present invention is prefabricated in the factory in advance, and has a quality-controllable and more stable structure through standardized operations. The anti-arc olecranon structure and the wave wall are assembled with prefabricated components, and the construction site can reduce the number of erecting forms Wet operation not only saves time and labor, but also reduces the cost of the project, and the prefabricated components used for connection can be prefabricated in different shapes and structures in the factory, which can meet the anti-arc olecranon structure and irregular dikes with different lines. line installation requirements.

The present invention will be further elaborated below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of standard type anti-arc olecranon structural unit (A type);

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an anti-arc olecranon structural unit (type B) used at expansion joints;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a wave retaining wall adopting an overhead counterweight structure;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a wave retaining wall adopting a lower counterweight structure;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a wave wall adopting an L-shaped counterweight structure;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis on the anti-overturning stability of the improved structure of the wave wall.

Detailed ways:

A prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure provided by the present invention can be divided into two structures according to different installation positions, one is called a standard prefabricated structural unit (type A for short) as shown in Figure 1, and the other is As shown in Figure 2, it is used for the expansion joint position (referred to as B type). No matter it is type A or type B, the prefabricated structural unit 1 is prefabricated in the factory in advance with concrete structure.

The prefabricated structural unit 1 is made of C20 concrete, and its water-facing surface is designed as an arc structure, and the anti-arc angle is 90°. The back surface of the prefabricated structural unit 1 is provided with a buckle member, which can be a hanging ring 3, and the corresponding buckle member installed on the water-facing surface of the wave retaining wall 6 is the hook 2, or the two can be attached The buckle components are exchanged, the prefabricated structural unit 1 is set as a hook, and the wave wall 6 is set as a hanging ring, as long as the anti-arc olecranon structure and the wave wall 6 can be clamped and assembled. For the A-type prefabricated structural unit, its length is designed to be 1.5 meters in this embodiment. In order to enhance its installation stability, the hanging rings 3 are deliberately arranged in two rows, and the vertical spacing of each row of hanging rings 3 is 0.75 meters. A grouting hole 8 is provided on the back surface of the prefabricated structural unit 1, and a grouting seam 4 is provided below the grouting hole 8. In this embodiment, the width of the grouting seam 4 is set to 5 cm. For the A-type prefabricated structural unit, two grouting holes 8 above each row of hanging rings 3 are provided respectively, and the diameter of the grouting holes 8 is set to 6-8 cm. Bottom and both sides of prefabricated structural unit 1 backwater surface also need to be provided with stop slurry bar 9, and stop slurry bar 9 adopts the semicircle rubber strip that diameter is 3 centimetres, and the effect of stop slurry bar 9 is to prevent slurry from leaking. In order to facilitate the installation of the prefabricated structural unit 1 and the wave wall 6, the top of the prefabricated structural unit 1 is provided with a lifting point 5, and the lower end of the lifting point 5 needs to be anchored deep into the concrete with anchors to prevent the prefabricated structure from being hoisted. When unit 1 is installed, the lifting point 5 is pulled out, and the length of the anchor is generally not less than 30 times the diameter of the anchor.

For the B-type prefabricated structural unit, it is further provided on the basis of the A-type structure, and the side of the B-type prefabricated structural unit is provided with an asphalt filling hole 10, and two asphalt filling holes 10 can be arranged along the side, and the hole diameter is 5 cm. To prevent grout leakage when pouring asphalt, grout-stop strips 9 are arranged on the side edges of the asphalt filling holes 10, and high-temperature asphalt is poured through the reserved asphalt filling holes 10 to achieve the effect of adapting to deformation and preventing leakage.

The thickness of the outer side of the olecranon of the prefabricated structural unit 1 designed in this embodiment is 20-30 cm, and the width of the bottom end can be determined according to the joint surface (generally not less than 50 cm). Whether the above-mentioned A-type prefabricated structural unit or B-type prefabricated structural unit is installed on the wave retaining wall 6, multiple units are combined and assembled. During assembly, the gap between the backwater surface of the prefabricated structural unit 1 and the upstream surface of the wave retaining wall 6 does not exceed 5 cm, and the gap between each unit is controlled at 0.05 to 0.1 cm.

Installing the prefabricated structural unit 1 above on the water-facing surface of the built wave-retaining wall 6 forms a wave-retaining wall provided with an anti-arc olecranon structure according to the present invention (as shown in FIG. 3 ). In order to facilitate the assembly of the prefabricated structural unit 1, it is necessary to fix and install a buckle component on the water-facing surface of the wave retaining wall 6, and the buckle component cooperates with the buckle component on the prefabricated structural unit 1. In this embodiment, the prefabricated structural unit 1 is set as a hanging ring 3, and the wave retaining wall 6 is set as a hook 2, and the prefabricated structural unit 1 is hoisted to the preset installation position by using large-scale lifting equipment, and the hanging ring 3 on the prefabricated structural unit 1 is accurately hung on the hook 2 on. Since the wave-retaining wall 6 is generally already built, the hook 2 needs to be installed on the wave-retaining wall 6 by planting bars. After the connection between the prefabricated structural unit 1 and the wave wall 6 is completed in the above manner, a conduit is inserted into the grouting hole 8 to pour concrete evenly from bottom to top, and the prefabricated structural unit 1 and the wave wall 6 are tightly fixed together.

When the anti-arc olecranon structure is installed on the original wave wall 6, it is necessary to carry out improved anti-tilt stability calculations for the wave wall 6, and design a counterweight structure 7 that meets the design requirements and a reasonable installation method. The counterweight structure 7 is mainly fixed on the backwater surface of the wave wall 6 through planting bars 11 . The installation of the counterweight structure 7 can be divided into the upper type as shown in FIG. 3 , the lower type as shown in FIG. 4 , and the design of the counterweight structure as an L-shaped structure as shown in FIG. 5 . In terms of construction technology, the counterweight structure 7 can be divided into two types: cast-in-place and prefabricated. When the counterweight structure 7 adopts a prefabricated structure, the counterweight structure 7 can be combined with multiple units. The length of each counterweight structure unit is generally designed to be 3 meters, and the spacing between units is set at 0.05-0.1 cm. When the counterweight structure 7 adopts the cast-in-place method, the length of the counterweight structure unit can be designed to be consistent with the length of the expansion joint of the wave wall 6, generally 10 to 12 meters, and the distance between the back surface of the wave wall 6 is 1.5 meters. The planting bar 11 is set, and the counterweight structure 7 is formed by pouring cement or concrete at the place where the planting bar 11 is provided. If the counterweight structure 7 is installed with the lower structure shown in Figure 4, the counterweight structure can be prefabricated into a prefabricated box structure, and the prefabricated box structure can be fixed on the water surface of the wave retaining wall 6 with planting bars, and the prefabricated box structure The interior of the structure is filled with planting soil 13, and green plants 12 are planted in the planting soil 13. However, it should be noted that the design water content and density of the filling soil need to be reasonably determined according to the filling volume.

By adopting the prefabricated assembled anti-arc olecranon structure provided by the present invention, the veneer treatment of the wave retaining wall is omitted, a large amount of work and materials are saved, and the project cost can be reduced. The prefabricated structure can not only speed up the construction period, but also install it in the form of multiple units to meet differential settlement and reserve expansion joints.

The present invention provides the design and construction method of the wave retaining wall of above-mentioned structure as follows:

(1) First, improve the anti-arc olecranon structure of the original wave wall 6 to analyze the structural anti-tilt stability force, and then determine the size and weight of the anti-arc olecranon structure and counterweight structure 7, and determine the use of counterweight structure 7 weight scheme.

The anti-overturning analysis formula for the improved structure of the wave wall is as follows (as shown in Figure 6):

Among them, ∑M _V ＝G ₃ b ₃ +G ₁ b ₁ , ∑M _H ＝G ₂ b ₂ +P _valley c,

The parameters in the above formula are defined as follows:

K ₀ —anti-tilting stability safety factor;

M _V - anti-overturning moment (kN m);

M _H —overturning moment (kN m);

G1, G2, G3—respectively, the gravity of the wave wall, the anti-arc olecranon structure and the counterweight structure;

b1, b2, b3—respectively, the gravity of the original wave wall, the anti-arc olecranon structure and the counterweight structure to the force arm of the overturning calculation point;

P _trough —the wave force in front of the wave retaining wall under the action of the trough;

c—moment arm of wave action force on overturn calculation point.

(2) Fix and install the hook 2 on the upstream surface of the wave retaining wall 6 at the construction site by planting bars. The implantation method of hook 2 is as follows: use a percussion drill to drill a hole at the preset position of the original wave retaining wall. The diameter of the drill bit should be about 5mm larger than the diameter of the steel bar. Glue, in order to make the glue in the hole full after the steel bar is implanted, and prevent the glue from flowing out, it is enough to inject glue up to 80%. Enter the hole, and then slowly screw it in one direction, and do not reverse it halfway until the steel bar reaches the bottom of the hole. After the reinforcement is implanted, it should be positioned on the beam bottom formwork, and the reinforcement should not be vibrated until the strong reinforcement glue is completely cured. The strong planting glue can be cured at room temperature, and the next process can be carried out after the curing time is specified in the glue manual. It is worth noting that when the planting bars are planted with HRB335 grade steel bars, the concrete strength grade of the wave retaining wall shall not be lower than C15; when HRB400 grade steel bars are used for planting, the concrete of the wave retaining wall shall not be lower than C20. If it is necessary to use HPB235 grade steel bars for planting, the diameter of the steel bars shall not be greater than 12mm, and the concrete strength grade of the wave retaining wall shall not be lower than C20.

(3) During construction, first fix the counterweight structure on the backwater surface of the wave-retaining wall with planting bars, then hoist the anti-arc olecranon structure to the installation place of the wave-retaining wall, and fasten the buckle on the backwater surface of the anti-arc olecranon structure The component and the buckle component on the water-facing surface of the wave-retaining wall are accurately fastened, and grouting is carried out through the grouting hole to the grouting joint and the installation gap between the anti-arc olecranon structural unit and the wave-retaining wall, and the anti-arc olecranon structure is fixed on the anti-arc olecranon structure. The facing surface of the wave wall.

The anchorage depth _IS involved in the above construction method is calculated according to the following formula:

ls＝0.2α _spt df _y /f _bd

In the formula: α _spt — calculation coefficient quoted for preventing concrete splitting;

d—Nominal diameter of planting bar (mm);

f _bd — the design value of the bonding shear strength of the adhesive used for planting bars (N/mm ² );

f _y —Design value of tensile strength of steel bars for planting bars (N/mm ² ).

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention without limitation. Other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should be covered as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A design and construction method for a wave-retaining wall provided with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure is characterized in that: it comprises a wave-retaining wall and a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structural unit, and the water-facing surface of the prefabricated structural unit is an arc structure, and the prefabricated The upper part of the back surface of the structural unit is provided with a grouting hole, and the bottom of the grouting hole is provided with a grouting joint. The bottom and both sides of the back surface of the prefabricated structural unit are provided with grout-stop strips, and the top of the prefabricated structural unit is provided with a mounting point; the prefabricated structure The back surface of the unit and the front surface of the wave-retaining wall are respectively equipped with buckle components that cooperate with each other. The prefabricated structural unit is installed on the water-front surface of the wave-retaining wall through the buckle components, and passes through the grouting hole to the grouting joint and the anti-arc eagle. The installation gap between the mouth structure unit and the wave wall is grouted, and the counterweight structure is fixed and installed on the back surface of the wave wall by planting bars; Design and construction methods include, (1) Improve the anti-arc olecranon structure of the original wave wall to analyze the structural anti-tilt stability force, and then determine the size and weight of the anti-arc olecranon structure and counterweight structure, and determine the design scheme of the counterweight structure; (2) The anti-arc olecranon structural unit is prefabricated in the factory in advance, and the buckle components are pre-set on the back surface of the anti-arc olecranon structural unit and the upstream surface of the original wave retaining wall; (3) During construction, first fix the counterweight structure on the backwater surface of the wave-retaining wall with planting bars, then hoist the anti-arc olecranon structure to the installation place of the wave-retaining wall, and clamp the anti-arc olecranon structure on the backwater surface The buckle member and the buckle member on the water-facing surface of the wave retaining wall are accurately hung, and grouting is carried out through the grouting hole into the grouting joint and the installation gap between the anti-arc olecranon structural unit and the wave retaining wall, and the anti-arc olecranon structure is fixed on the the water-facing side of the breakwater wall; The reinforcement anchorage depth _IS involved in the design and construction method is calculated according to the following formula, I _S ＝0.2α _spt df _y /f _bd In the formula: α _spt — calculation coefficient quoted for preventing concrete splitting; d—Nominal diameter of planting bar (mm); f _bd — the design value of the bonding shear strength of the adhesive used for planting bars (N/mm ² ); f _y —Design value of tensile strength of reinforcement for planting reinforcement (N/mm ² ). 2. A design and construction method for a wave-retaining wall provided with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the prefabricated structural unit is pre-cast with concrete, and the lower end of the installation lifting point is anchored The parts are anchored deep into the concrete. 3. A design and construction method for a wave-retaining wall with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side of the prefabricated structural unit is provided with asphalt filling holes and grout-stop strips. 4. A design and construction method for a wave-retaining wall with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slurry-stopping strips are semicircular rubber strips. 5. A design and construction method for a wave-retaining wall provided with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the counterweight structure adopts concrete cast-in-situ, and is planted on the back surface of the wave-retaining wall. The ribs connect the counterweight structure and the wave wall to form an integral structure; or the counterweight structure adopts a prefabricated box structure, and the prefabricated box structure and the wave wall are connected to form an integral structure through the planting bars on the back surface of the wave wall, and the prefabricated box The design and installation of the type structure adopts the lower structure, and the prefabricated box structure is filled with planting soil, and green plants are planted in the planting soil. 6. a kind of wave wall design and construction method that is provided with prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the content (1) of described design and construction method, to the improvement structure of wave wall The calculation formula of anti-overturning analysis is as follows:

Among them, ∑M _V ＝G ₃ b ₃ +G ₁ b ₁ , ∑M _H ＝G ₂ b ₂ +P _valley c, The parameters in the above formula are defined as follows: K0—anti-tilting stability safety factor; MV—anti-overturning moment (kN m); MH—overturning moment (kN m); G1, G2, G3—respectively, the gravity of the wave wall, the anti-arc olecranon structure and the counterweight structure; b1, b2, b3—respectively, the gravity of the original wave wall, the anti-arc olecranon structure and the counterweight structure to the force arm of the overturning calculation point; P trough—the wave force in front of the wave retaining wall under the action of the trough; c—moment arm of wave action force on overturn calculation point. 7. A design and construction method for a wave-retaining wall provided with a prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buckle member installed on the wave-retaining wall adopts a hook to plant reinforcement, first Drill a hole at the preset position on the water-facing surface of the wave-retaining wall, then remove the ash powder and ash residue left in the hole, and finally inject glue into the hole. After the hole is filled with glue, immediately put the steel bar into the hole and slowly rotate it in one direction. Insert until the steel bar reaches the bottom of the hole. After the steel bar is implanted, position it on the formwork at the bottom of the beam, and wait for the solidification of the strong planting glue. 8. A kind of design and construction method of the wave-retaining wall that is provided with prefabricated anti-arc olecranon structure according to claim 7, is characterized in that: when described planting bar adopts HRB335 grade steel bar to plant, the concrete strength level of wave-retaining wall is different lower than C15; when planting bars are planted with HRB400 grade steel bars, the concrete strength grade of the wave retaining wall shall not be lower than C20; Not less than C20.

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