CN107539530B - Semi-automatic single granule racking machine and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-automatic single granule racking machine and an operation method thereof.A whole racking process is subjected to multiple control, a bilateral asymmetric oscillation mechanism is combined with a conveying belt powered by a transmission motor, granules are distributed twice, and the granules are distributed at intervals in a single row; the infrared counting structure and the collecting bin are used for realizing the functions of subpackaging and discharging the granules according to a certain quantity, and simultaneously counting the total number of the granules and the subpackaging times respectively. The invention has simple and ingenious structure, accurate infrared counting and granular material warehouse-out counting, ensures the precision and efficiency of the whole subpackaging process by adopting a multiple control scheme, can avoid the defects of manual subpackaging in the aspects of safety and sanitation, and can meet the requirement of users on the subpackaging precision of granular granules.

Description

Semi-automatic single-grain filling machine and its operation method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of granular material packing, in particular to a semi-automatic single-type granular material packing machine and an operating method thereof.

Background technique

Most of the existing packing machines divide the granules by weight, and the granules to be divided are limited to powder or fine-grained granules. However, when the user needs to strictly limit the number of pellets, such as pearls, candies, tablet medicines, etc., they must be manually packaged. The whole process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, not only inefficient but difficult. To ensure the accuracy of sub-packaging and hygiene standards during the sub-packaging process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention solves the problem that the existing packing machine cannot pack the granular materials according to the quantity, and provides a semi-automatic single-type granular material packing machine and an operation method thereof.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The semi-automatic single-grain filling machine is mainly composed of a base, a feeding mechanism, asymmetric oscillation mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a collecting mechanism and a control circuit; the feeding mechanism, the conveying mechanism and the collecting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the base from left to right;

The feeding mechanism is located just above the left side of the base; the feeding mechanism consists of a horizontally arranged feeding hopper, a hopper support located above the feeding hopper, and a hopper support located below the feeding hopper; the hopper is installed on the hopper support and is located on the left side of the feeding hopper side; the hopper bracket is in contact with the base through rollers;

The asymmetrical oscillation mechanism is located below the middle of the feeding hopper; the asymmetrical oscillation mechanism consists of a movable support plate, an oscillating adsorption iron sheet, a strong magnetic fixed support plate, a strong magnetic electromagnet, a weak magnetic fixed support plate, a weak magnetic electromagnet and a spring ;The upper end of the movable support plate is fixed in the lower middle of the feeding hopper, and the lower end of the movable support plate is suspended; the lower ends of the strong magnetic fixed support plate and the weak magnetic fixed support plate are fixed on the base, and the strong magnetic fixed support plate and the weak magnetic fixed support The upper ends of the support plates are suspended; the strong magnetic fixed support and the weak magnetic fixed support are respectively located on the left and right sides of the movable support, and between the strong magnetic fixed support and the movable support and the weak magnetic fixed support and the movable support The support plates are connected by springs; an oscillating adsorption iron sheet is fixed on the left and right side surfaces of the lower part of the movable support plate; a strong magnetic electromagnet is arranged on the upper part of the strong magnetic fixed support plate and faces the side of the movable support plate, and The position of the strong magnetic electromagnet is opposite to the position of the oscillating adsorption iron sheet on the same side; the upper part of the weak magnetic fixed support plate and the side facing the movable support plate is provided with a weak magnetic electromagnet, and the position of the weak magnetic electromagnet is the same as that on the same side The position of the oscillating adsorption iron sheet is relative;

The transmission mechanism is located just above the middle of the base; the transmission mechanism consists of a conveyor belt, a transmission runner, a transmission bracket and a transmission motor; the transmission runner is supported by the transmission bracket above the base, and the conveyor belt is wound around the transmission runner; the level of the conveyor belt is low at the level of the feeding hopper; the transmission runner is connected to the output end of the transmission motor;

The collecting mechanism is located just above the right side of the base; the collecting mechanism consists of a collecting bin, an infrared emitting tube, an infrared receiving tube, a clapboard, a clapboard adsorption iron sheet, an electromagnet on the silo and an electromagnet under the silo. The silo is fixed on the right side of the base, and the whole is a hollow cuboid; the upper part of the left side wall of the collecting silo is provided with a feeding port toward the side of the conveying mechanism, and the lower part of the right side wall of the collecting silo is provided with a discharging port; The upper edge of the discharge port of the silo is provided with an upper electromagnet at the silo, and the lower edge of the collecting silo is provided with a lower electromagnet at the silo. There is a clapboard to adsorb the iron sheet; when the clapboard adsorption iron sheet is attached to the electromagnet on the silo mouth, the discharge port of the collecting bin is closed; The discharge port is opened; the infrared emitting tube and the infrared receiving tube are arranged on the connection line between the feeding port and the discharging port in the inner cavity of the collecting bin, and the two positions are opposite;

The control circuit is composed of a controller, a counting circuit, an asymmetric oscillation drive circuit, a transmission drive circuit and a warehouse port drive circuit connected to the controller; the counting circuit is connected with the infrared emitting tube and the infrared receiving tube; the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit is connected with the strong The magnetic electromagnet is connected with the weak magnetic electromagnet; the transmission drive circuit is connected with the transmission motor; the warehouse mouth drive circuit is connected with the upper electromagnet of the warehouse mouth and the lower electromagnet of the warehouse mouth.

In the above solution, the base is further provided with a roller guide rail, and the roller is located on the roller guide rail.

In the above solution, the strong magnetic fixed support plate and its strong magnetic electromagnet are located on the left side of the movable support plate, and the weak magnetic fixed support plate and its weak magnetic electromagnet are located on the right side of the movable support plate.

In the above solution, the transmission wheel rotates clockwise.

In the above solution, the control circuit further includes a display screen and a keyboard; the display screen and the keyboard are connected to the controller.

In the above scheme, the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit includes diodes D9-D10, Darlington transistors Q1-Q2, and resistors R4-R5; The base of the Darlington tube Q2 is connected to the output terminal of the controller through the resistor R5; the drain of the Darlington tube Q1 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D9, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the strong magnetic electromagnet ; The drain of the Darlington tube Q2 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D10, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the weak magnetic electromagnet; the source of the Darlington tube Q1 and the Darlington tube Q2 are connected. The source is also connected to ground GND.

In the above scheme, the drive circuit of the warehouse port includes diodes D11-D12, Darlington transistors Q3-Q4, and resistors R7-R8; the base of Darlington transistor Q3 is connected to the output end of the controller through resistor R7, and the Darlington The base of the tube Q4 is connected to the output terminal of the controller through the resistor R8; the drain of the Darlington tube Q3 is divided into two channels, one of which is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D11, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the electromagnet under the warehouse mouth. ; The drain of the Darlington tube Q4 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D12, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the electromagnet on the warehouse port; the source of the Darlington tube Q3 and the Darlington tube Q4 are connected. The source is also connected to ground GND.

The operation method of the semi-automatic single-grain filling machine includes the following steps:

Step 1. Pre-set the number of dispensing times and the number of single dispensing through the controller;

Step 2. The controller sends a signal to make the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit and the transmission drive circuit start to work; at this time, under the control of the controller, the drive circuit of the warehouse mouth makes the electromagnet on the warehouse mouth energized, and the electromagnet under the warehouse mouth is powered off, and the The plate is adsorbed on the electromagnet on the bin mouth under the action of magnetic force, and the discharge port of the collecting bin is closed;

Step 3. The pellets in the hopper fall to the left side of the feeding hopper under the action of gravity;

Step 4. Under the control of the PWM wave output by the controller, the asymmetrical oscillation drive circuit makes the oscillating adsorption iron sheet alternately attracted by the strong magnetic electromagnet and the weak magnetic electromagnet;

Step 5. The asymmetric oscillation mechanism uses the principle of bilateral asymmetric electromagnetic oscillation, so that the feeding hopper generates different accelerations before and after under the action of asymmetric electromagnetic force. After moving, the pellets are distributed in a single row under the action of the self-weight and the vibration of the feeding hopper, and are gradually sent to the conveying mechanism;

Step 6, the transmission drive circuit drives the transmission motor (16) under the control of the controller to drive the conveyor belt to rotate clockwise;

Step 7. The granules falling on the conveyor belt of the conveying mechanism from the feeding hopper of the feeding mechanism are gradually sent to the collecting mechanism;

Step 8. When the pellets fall from the end of the conveyor belt, that is, the right end, to the feeding port of the collecting bin, the falling pellets block the infrared receiver tube to receive the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emission tube, and return the captured pellet signal to the control. controller, the controller will add one to the count value of this dispensing;

Step 9. When the count value of the current dispensing reaches the set value for a single dispensing, the controller sends a signal to power off the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit and the transmission drive circuit; at this time, the warehouse port drive circuit is under the control of the controller. , energize the electromagnet under the silo mouth, power off the electromagnet on the silo mouth, the separator is adsorbed on the electromagnet under the silo mouth under the action of magnetic force, the discharge port of the collecting bin is opened, and the pellets fall into the collecting bin. in the outer container, thus completing a sub-packaging process;

Step 10, when the first sub-packaging process is completed, return to step 2 to start the next sub-packaging process.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention performs multiple control of the entire sub-packaging process through the control system, and combines the bilateral asymmetric oscillating mechanism with the conveyor belt powered by the transmission motor (16) to arrange the pellets twice, The pellets are distributed in a single row at intervals; the infrared counting structure and the aggregate bin are used to realize the function of sub-packing and discharging the pellets according to a certain number, and at the same time, the total number of pellets and the number of sub-packing are counted respectively. The present invention has a simple and ingenious structure, accurate infrared counting and granular material discharge counting, and multiple control schemes ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the entire sub-packaging process, which can not only avoid the safety and sanitation of manual sub-packaging, but also meet the needs of users. The requirements for the accuracy of granular material packaging.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a semi-automatic single-type pellet dispenser.

Figure 2 is a side view of the structure of the roller and the guide rail.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aggregate bin.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the drive circuit of the warehouse.

Figure 6 is a system flow diagram of a semi-automatic single-type pellet dispenser.

Indicated in the figure: 1. Hopper support; 2. Hopper; 3. Feeding hopper; 4. Feeding hopper support; 5. Base; 6. Roller guide rail; 7. Roller; Iron; 10. Spring; 11. Movable support plate; 12. Oscillating adsorption iron sheet; 13. Weak magnetic electromagnet; 14. Weak magnetic fixed support plate; 15. Transmission wheel (15); 16. Transmission motor (16) ; 17. Conveyor belt; 18. Transmission bracket; 19. Infrared emission tube; 20. Infrared receiving tube; 21. Display screen; 22. Keyboard; ; 26. Electromagnet under the warehouse mouth; 27. Aggregate bin.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the examples, such as "up", "down", "middle", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., only refer to the directions of the drawings. Therefore, the directions used are for illustration only and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

A semi-automatic single-grain packing machine, as shown in Figure 1, is mainly composed of a base 5, a feeding mechanism, an asymmetrical oscillation mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a collecting mechanism and a control circuit.

The above-mentioned feeding mechanism is located just above the left side of the base 5 . The feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper 3 , a hopper support 1 , a hopper 2 , two feeding hopper supports 4 and two rollers 7 . The feeding hopper 3 is horizontally arranged just above the left side of the base 5 and extends in the left-right direction, and its cross-section is U-shaped. The conveying hopper of the pellets adopts a U-shaped design. Under the action of the gravity of the pellets and the oscillation mechanism, the pellets can be distributed in a single row. The hopper bracket 1 is erected above the left side of the feeding hopper 3 , and the hopper 2 is installed on the hopper bracket 1 . The bottom of the hopper 2 is designed with a beveled surface, and the connection between the hopper support 1 and the feeding hopper 3 is designed with a beveled surface, and the angle of the inclined surface is the same as the cut angle at the bottom of the hopper 2. By adjusting the slope angle of the chamfered surface of the bottom end of the hopper 2 and the connection between the hopper support 1 and the feeding hopper 3, the feeding speed of the pellets is controlled, so that the self-weight of the hopper 2 can be controlled to feed the material. When the inclined plane of the bottom end of the hopper 2 is opposite to the inclined direction of the inclined plane where the hopper support 1 and the feeding hopper 3 are connected, the feeding speed is the fastest; as the hopper 2 rotates on the hopper support 1, the feeding speed gradually becomes slower; when When the inclined plane of the bottom end of the hopper 2 is the same as the inclination direction of the inclined plane where the hopper bracket 1 and the feeding hopper 3 are connected, the feeding port is sealed and the feeding is stopped. The upper ends of the two feeding hopper brackets 4 are respectively fixed under the left and right sides of the feeding hopper 3 . The lower end of each hopper bracket 1 is provided with a roller 7 , and the roller 7 is in contact with the roller guide rail 6 provided on the base 5 . The roller 7 adopts a concave design, which matches the convex design of the roller guide rail 6 on the base 5, which ensures the movement direction and movement stability of the feeding hopper 3, as shown in Figure 2.

The above-mentioned asymmetrical oscillation mechanism is located below the middle of the feeding hopper 3 . The asymmetric oscillation mechanism includes a movable support plate 11 , an oscillating adsorption iron piece 12 , a strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 , a strong magnetic electromagnet 9 , a weak magnetic electromagnet 13 , a weak magnetic fixed support plate 14 and a spring 10 . The upper end of the movable support plate 11 is fixed in the lower middle of the feeding hopper 3 , and the lower end of the movable support plate 11 is suspended. The lower ends of the strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 and the weak magnetic fixed support plate 14 are fixed on the base 5 , and the upper ends of the strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 and the weak magnetic fixed support plate 14 are both suspended. The strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 is located on the left side of the movable support plate 11, the weak magnetic fixed support plate 14 is located on the right side of the movable support plate 11, and between the strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 and the movable support plate 11 and the weak magnetic fixed support The plate 14 and the movable support plate 11 are connected by the spring 10 . An oscillating adsorption iron piece 12 is fixed on the left and right side surfaces of the lower part of the movable support plate 11 respectively. A ferromagnetic electromagnet 9 is provided on the upper part of the ferromagnetic fixed support plate 8 and faces the side of the movable support plate 11 , that is, the right side, and the position of the ferromagnetic electromagnet 9 is opposite to the position of the oscillating adsorption iron piece 12 on the right side. A weak magnetic electromagnet 13 is provided on the upper part of the weak magnetic fixed support plate 14 and toward the left side of the movable support plate 11 . Under the control of the control circuit, after the bilateral asymmetric oscillating mechanism is energized, the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 are alternately energized. Under the action of the attractive force, the feeding hopper 3 performs oscillating motions with different accelerations along the roller guide rail 6 under the support of the roller 7 and the support of the roller 7 . Under the action of inertia, the pellets move in the direction of the conveyor belt 17 in the oscillation. The design of the structure of the spring 10 avoids the collision between the movable support plate 11 and the fixed bracket, and the collision between the iron piece and the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 during the movement of the feeding hopper 3, so that the oscillation process can be carried out smoothly. The asymmetric oscillation mechanism uses the principle of bilateral asymmetric electromagnetic oscillation, so that the feeding hopper 3 generates different accelerations before and after under the action of asymmetric electromagnetic force. The forward acceleration is greater than the backward acceleration, and the pellets move backward under the action of inertia. , so that the pellets are distributed in a single row under the action of its own weight and the vibration of the feeding hopper 3 .

The above-mentioned transfer mechanism is located just above the middle of the base 5 . The conveying mechanism includes a conveying belt 17 , two transmission wheels 15 , two transmission brackets 18 and a transmission motor 16 . The conveyor belt 17 is horizontally arranged just above the right side of the base 5 and extends in the left-right direction. The level of the conveyor belt 17 is lower than that of the feeding hopper 3 , and the left end of the conveyor belt 17 is located just below the right end of the feeding hopper 3 , so that the pellets sent by the feeding hopper 3 can fall on the conveyor belt 17 . The lower ends of the two transmission brackets 18 are fixed on the base 5 , a transmission wheel 15 is arranged above each transmission bracket 18 , and the conveyor belt 17 is nested on the two transmission wheels 15 . The output end of the transmission motor 16 is connected with the transmission wheel 15, and controls the transmission wheel 15 to rotate clockwise to drive the conveyor belt 17 to rotate clockwise, and the pellets sent by the feeding mechanism are sent to the collecting mechanism.

The above-mentioned collecting mechanism is located just above the right side of the base 5 . As shown in Figure 3, the collecting mechanism includes a collecting bin 27, an infrared emitting tube 19, an infrared receiving tube 20, a partition plate 23, an upper electromagnet 24 at the warehouse mouth, an adsorption iron sheet 25 on the partition plate, and a lower electromagnet 26 at the warehouse mouth. Display screen 21 and keyboard 22. The collecting bin 27 is fixed on the right side of the base 5 and is a hollow cuboid as a whole. The upper part of the left side wall of the collecting bin 27 is provided with an arc-shaped hollow design feeding port, and the feeding port faces the end of the feeding mechanism. The lower part of the right side wall of the collecting bin 27 is provided with a discharge port. The upper side of the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is provided with an upper electromagnet 24 at the entrance, and the lower side of the collecting bin 27 is provided with a lower electromagnet 26 at the entrance.

The infrared emitting tube 19 and the infrared receiving tube 20 are arranged on the connecting line between the feeding port and the discharging port in the inner cavity of the collecting bin 27 , and the two are relatively fixed on the opposite side walls of the collecting bin 27 . The display screen 21 and the keyboard 22 are arranged on the outer side wall of the collecting bin 27 . The infrared emitting tube 19 and the infrared receiving tube 20 constitute an infrared counter, which is installed at an angle of 45° with the conveyor belt 17, wherein the infrared emitting tube and the infrared receiving tube are respectively installed on the two sides of the collection bin 27 adjacent to the conveyor belt 17. , and the position is relative. Driven by the conveyor belt 17, the pellets move to the right end of the conveyor belt 17. When the pellets reach the position at an angle of 45° with the plane of the conveyor belt 17, the pellets will fall into the collection bin 27 under the action of their own weight. At this time, the signal sent by the infrared emitting tube 19 is blocked by the pellets, the signal received by the infrared receiving tube is blocked, and the counter counts the falling pellets. The data is processed by the control circuit, and the state of the bilateral asymmetric oscillation mechanism, the transmission motor 16 in the conveyor belt 17 and the 27 port of the collecting bin are controlled accordingly, so as to achieve precise and fast control effect.

One end of the partition plate 23 is hinged at the lower part of the left side wall of the collecting bin 27 , and the other end of the partition plate 23 is provided with a partition plate adsorption iron sheet 25 . When the control circuit controls the electromagnet 24 on the warehouse mouth to be energized, the clapboard adsorption iron sheet 25 is attached to the electromagnet 24 on the warehouse mouth, and the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is closed; when the control circuit controls the electromagnet 26 under the warehouse mouth to be energized, The clapboard adsorption iron sheet 25 is attached to the electromagnet 26 under the bin opening, and the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is opened, so that the pellets can be automatically discharged after reaching the specified quantity.

The above-mentioned control circuit is connected with the strong magnetic electromagnet 9, the weak magnetic electromagnet 13, the transmission motor 16, the infrared emitting tube 19, the infrared receiving tube 20, the upper electromagnet 24 at the warehouse mouth, the lower electromagnet 26 at the warehouse mouth, the display screen 21 and the keyboard 22. . The strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 are used to control the movement of the asymmetric oscillating mechanism, so that the feeding hopper 3 generates different accelerations before and after under the action of the asymmetric electromagnetic force, thereby making the pellets oscillate under its own weight and the feeding hopper 3 under the action of a single-row distribution. The transmission motor 16 controls the movement of the conveying mechanism, so that the granules falling from the feeding mechanism enter the collecting mechanism. The infrared emitting tube 19 and the infrared receiving tube 20 are used for sub-packaging and counting the pellets. The upper electromagnet 24 and the lower electromagnet 26 of the silo are used to control the movement of the baffle 23 , thereby realizing the opening and closing of the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 . The display screen 21 is used to display the total count of pellets, the number of times of pellets being packed, and the current count of this dispensing. The button is used to set the quantity of a single sub-packaging, and the asymmetrical oscillation mechanism controls the movement state of the feeding hopper 3 by turning it on and off.

The minimum control system module of the control circuit uses AT89S52 as the main control chip, and uses 11.0592MHZ crystal oscillator to construct the minimum control system. Conveyor belt 17 drive motor 16 module uses a four-phase five-wire drive motor 1628BYJ48 as the power source of the system, and is matched with a drive circuit with L298N as the core to realize power transmission under the timing control of AT89S52.

The display screen 21 selects JLX12864G-086 as the display interface of the system, which mainly displays data information such as setting parameters and counting data. The keyboard 22 adopts a 4*4 matrix keyboard 22, which is connected to the P0 port of the AT89S52 and is connected with an external pull-up resistor. The control keyboard 22 is mainly used for data setting and related control operations on the system.

Referring to Figure 4, the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit includes diodes D9-D10, Darlington transistors Q1-Q2, and resistors R4-R5; the base of Darlington transistor Q1 is connected to the output end of the controller via resistor R4, Darlington transistors The base of the Darlington tube Q2 is connected to the output terminal of the controller through the resistor R5; the drain of the Darlington tube Q1 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D9, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 Connection; the drain of the Darlington tube Q2 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D10, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the weak magnetic electromagnet 13; the source of the Darlington tube Q1 and the Darlington tube The source of Q2 is also connected to ground GND. The asymmetric oscillating mechanism is composed of two symmetrical electromagnets E1 and E2, and the magnetism of E1 is stronger than that of E2. E1 and E2 are driven by NPN and PNP Darlington tubes respectively. The bases of the two Darlington tubes are connected in common and controlled by the PWM wave output by port P3.1 of AT89S52. This circuit structure enables the electromagnets E1 and E2 to be activated only at the same time, and under the control of the PWM wave, the electromagnetic oscillation structure "back and forth" expands and contracts. If the duty cycle α of the PWM wave is configured so that the start-up times of E1 and E2 in one cycle are different, the electromagnetic oscillation structure can make the pellets move at different speeds in the direction of E1. When α=1, the electromagnetic oscillating structure behaves as a balanced vibration, and the pellets move at the basic speed; when α>1, the electromagnetic oscillating structure behaves as a biased vibration toward E1, increasing the speed of the feeding hopper 3 moving toward E1, and the pellets are in the direction of E1. Under the action of inertia, the speed of moving towards E2 increases; when α < 1, the electromagnetic oscillating structure appears to vibrate toward E2, reducing the speed of feeding hopper 3 moving to E1, and the speed of pellets moving to E2 under the action of inertia decrease. And the larger |α-1| is, the more obvious the deflection of the electromagnetic oscillation structure is.

The counting circuit is mainly composed of an infrared emitting tube and an infrared receiving tube. The infrared emitting tube and the infrared receiving tube are installed at a position where the angle between the collecting bin 27 and the plane of the conveyor belt 17 is 45°. When the system is running, the infrared emitting tube emits infrared rays. When no pellets slide down the channel, the infrared receiving tube can receive the infrared normally and output a high level; if the pellets slip, the infrared is blocked, and the infrared receiving tube 20 cannot Receive infrared, output low level. Based on this principle, by counting the falling edge of the infrared receiver tube output, the number of pellets can be obtained to realize the counting function.

Referring to Fig. 5, the silo drive circuit includes diodes D11-D12, Darlington transistors Q3-Q4, and resistors R7-R8; the base of Darlington transistor Q3 is connected to the output end of the controller via resistor R7, and the Darlington transistor Q3 is connected to the output end of the controller. The base of the tube Q4 is connected to the output terminal of the controller through the resistor R8; the drain of the Darlington tube Q3 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D11, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the lower electromagnet 26 of the warehouse mouth. Connection; the drain of the Darlington tube Q4 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D12, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the electromagnet 24 on the warehouse port; the source of the Darlington tube Q3 and the Darlington tube The source of Q4 is also connected to ground GND. The control of the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is composed of two symmetrical electromagnets E3 and E4, which are driven by NPN and PNP Darlington tubes respectively. The bases of the two Darlington tubes are connected together, and are connected by P1. mouth control. When P1.4 outputs a high level, E3 starts, E4 stops, the partition 23 moves to E3, and the warehouse mouth opens; when P1.4 outputs a low level, E3 stops, E4 starts, the partition 23 moves to E4, and the warehouse mouth closure.

When using this dispensing machine, turn on the power switch of the control circuit, and set the number of dispensing times and the number of single dispensing by pressing the button. Rotate the chamfered surface of the lower end of the hopper 2 to the position coincident with the feeding hopper 3, and then pour the granular materials to be divided into the hopper 2. The pellets fall from the hopper 2 to the feeding hopper 3, and the pellets are initially arranged. Under the action of the asymmetrical oscillation mechanism, the granules move towards the conveyor belt 17 in the oscillation by inertia. The moving conveyor belt 17 distributes the pellets falling at different times at different positions on the conveyor belt 17, so that there is a certain distance between adjacent pellets. When the pellets fall from the right end of the conveyor belt 17 to the feeding port of the aggregate bin 27, the falling pellets block the infrared receiver tube to receive the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emission tube, and the infrared counter captures the pellet signal, and the current time The dispensing count is incremented and displayed on the display 21 . When the current count value reaches the set value for a single dispensing, the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 in the asymmetric oscillation mechanism are powered off, the transmission motor 16 of the conveyor belt 17 is powered off, and the electromagnet 24 on the warehouse port is powered off. The electromagnet 26 under the silo mouth is energized, and the separator 23 moves downward around the rotating shaft of the separator 23 under the action of gravity and electromagnetic attraction, and is adsorbed on the electromagnet 26 under the silo mouth, and the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 Open, the pellets fall from the collection bin 27 into the outer container. After the pellets are discharged from the warehouse, the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 in the asymmetric oscillation mechanism are energized, the transmission motor 16 of the conveyor belt 17 is energized, the upper electromagnet 24 at the warehouse mouth is energized, the lower electromagnet 26 is de-energized, and the partition plate 23 is energized. Under the action of the magnetic force, it moves upwards around the rotating shaft of the partition plate 23, and is adsorbed on the electromagnet 24 on the bin opening, and the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is closed and the next count is performed. When the number of dispensing times reaches the set number of dispensing times, the system stops working.

The operation method of the above-mentioned semi-automatic single-type pellet filling machine, as shown in Figure 6, specifically includes the following steps:

Step 1. Pre-set the number of dispensing times and the number of single dispensing through the controller;

Step 2. The controller sends a signal to make the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit and the transmission drive circuit start to work; at this time, under the control of the controller, the silo drive circuit makes the upper electromagnet 24 of the silo energized and the lower electromagnet 26 of the silo to be de-energized , the partition plate 23 is adsorbed on the electromagnet 24 on the bin mouth under the action of magnetic force, and the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is closed;

Step 3. The pellets in the hopper 2 fall to the left side of the feeding hopper 3 under the action of gravity;

Step 4. Under the control of the PWM wave output by the controller, the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit makes the oscillation adsorption iron piece 12 be alternately attracted by the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13;

Step 5. The asymmetric oscillation mechanism uses the principle of bilateral asymmetric electromagnetic oscillation, so that the feeding hopper 3 generates different accelerations before and after under the action of asymmetric electromagnetic force. The forward acceleration is greater than the backward acceleration, and the pellets are under the action of inertia. Move backward, so that the pellets are distributed in a single row under the action of their own weight and the vibration of the feeding hopper 3, and are gradually sent to the conveying mechanism;

Step 6, the transmission drive circuit drives the transmission motor 16 to drive the conveyor belt 17 to rotate clockwise under the control of the controller;

Step 7. The pellets dropped on the conveyor belt 17 of the conveying mechanism from the feeding hopper 3 of the feeding mechanism are gradually sent to the collecting mechanism;

Step 8. When the pellets fall from the right end of the conveyor belt 17 to the feeding port of the collection bin 27, the falling pellets block the infrared receiving tube from receiving the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emission tube, and will capture the signal of the pellets. Return to the controller, the controller will add one to the count value of this dispensing;

Step 9. When the count value of the current dispensing reaches the set value for a single dispensing, the controller sends a signal to power off the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit and the transmission drive circuit; at this time, the warehouse port drive circuit is under the control of the controller. , let the electromagnet 26 under the silo mouth energize, the electromagnet 24 on the silo mouth is de-energized, the separator 23 is adsorbed on the electromagnet 26 under the silo mouth under the action of magnetic force, the discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is opened, and the pellets are The collection bin 27 falls into the outer container, thereby completing a subpackaging process;

Step 10, when the first sub-packaging process is completed, return to step 2 to start the next sub-packaging process.

The invention realizes the functions of arranging the granules in a single row at intervals, the infrared counter counts sequentially and automatically discharges the warehouse, and carries out multiple control of the display screen 21, the button circuit, the bilateral asymmetric oscillation mechanism, the transmission motor, the infrared counting and other modules. , make the granular material packing process more accurate and efficient, not only save manpower and material resources, but also meet people's requirements for the speed and accuracy of granular material packing, which can greatly improve the work efficiency of granular material packing according to a certain quantity.

It should be noted that, although the embodiments of the present invention described above are illustrative, they are not intended to limit the present invention, so the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the present invention are deemed to be within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The semi-automatic single-type granular material filling machine is characterized in that: it includes a base (5), a feeding mechanism, asymmetric oscillation mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a collecting mechanism and a control circuit; the feeding mechanism, the conveying mechanism and the collecting mechanism are from left to The right is arranged on the base (5) in turn; The feeding mechanism is located just above the left side of the base (5); the feeding mechanism consists of a horizontally arranged feeding hopper (3), a hopper support (1) positioned above the feeding hopper (3), and a hopper support positioned below the feeding hopper (3) (1) composition; the hopper (2) is installed on the hopper bracket (1) and is located on the left side of the feeding hopper (3); the hopper bracket (1) is in contact with the base (5) through the roller (7); the hopper (2) ) The bottom is designed with an inclined plane, and the connection between the hopper bracket (1) and the feeding hopper (3) is designed with an inclined plane; The asymmetrical oscillation mechanism is located below the middle of the feeding hopper (3); the asymmetrical oscillation mechanism consists of a movable support plate (11), an oscillating adsorption iron sheet (12), a strong magnetic fixed support plate (8), and a strong magnetic electromagnet (9). ), a weak magnetic fixed support plate (14), a weak magnetic electromagnet (13) and a spring (10); the upper end of the movable support plate (11) is fixed in the middle of the lower part of the feeding hopper (3), and the movable support plate (11) ) is suspended at the lower end; the lower ends of the strong magnetic fixed support plate (8) and the weak magnetic fixed support plate (14) are fixed on the base (5), the strong magnetic fixed support plate (8) and the weak magnetic fixed support plate (14) The upper ends of the strong magnetic fixed support plate (8) and the weak magnetic fixed support plate (14) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the movable support plate (11), and the strong magnetic fixed support plate (8) and the movable support plate (11) and between the weak magnetic fixed support plate (14) and the movable support plate (11) are connected by springs (10); an oscillating adsorption iron is fixed on the left and right sides of the lower part of the movable support plate (11). Sheet (12); the upper part of the strong magnetic fixed support plate (8) and the side facing the movable support plate (11) is provided with a strong magnetic electromagnet (9), and the position of the strong magnetic electromagnet (9) is the same as the one on the same side. The positions of the oscillating and adsorbing iron pieces (12) are opposite; a weak magnetic electromagnet (13) is provided on the upper part of the weak magnetic fixed support plate (14) and on the side facing the movable support plate (11), and the weak magnetic electromagnet (13) The position of is opposite to the position of the oscillating adsorption iron sheet (12) on the same side; The transmission mechanism is located just above the middle of the base (5); the transmission mechanism is composed of a conveyor belt (17), a transmission wheel (15), a transmission bracket (18) and a transmission motor (16); the transmission wheel (15) is composed of a transmission bracket ( 18) Supported above the base (5), the conveyor belt (17) is wound around the transmission wheel (15); the level of the conveyor belt (17) is lower than the level of the feeding hopper (3); the transmission wheel (15) and the The output end of the transmission motor (16) is connected; The collecting mechanism is located just above the right side of the base (5); the collecting mechanism is composed of a collecting bin (27), an infrared emitting tube (19), an infrared receiving tube (20), a clapboard (23), and a clapboard adsorption iron. The plate (25), the upper electromagnet (24) at the warehouse mouth and the lower electromagnet (26) at the warehouse mouth are composed; the collecting bin (27) is fixed on the right side of the base (5), and the whole is a hollow cuboid; the collecting bin (27) ) The upper part of the left side wall is provided with a feeding port toward the side of the conveying mechanism, and the lower part of the right side wall of the collecting bin (27) is provided with a discharging port; the upper edge of the discharging port of the collecting bin (27) is provided with a bin An electromagnet (24) on the mouth, the lower edge of the collecting bin (27) is provided with a lower electromagnet (26) at the bin mouth; one end of the partition plate (23) is hinged at the lower part of the left side wall of the collecting bin (27), The other end of (23) is provided with a clapboard adsorption iron sheet (25); when the clapboard adsorption iron sheet (25) is in contact with the electromagnet (24) on the silo mouth, the discharge port of the collecting bin (27) is closed; When the clapboard adsorption iron sheet (25) is in contact with the electromagnet (26) under the silo, the discharge port of the collecting bin (27) is opened; the infrared emitting tube (19) and the infrared receiving tube (20) are provided with aggregate On the connecting line between the feeding port and the discharging port in the inner cavity of the bin (27), the two positions are opposite; The control circuit is composed of a controller, a counting circuit, asymmetric oscillation driving circuit, a transmission driving circuit and a warehouse port driving circuit connected with the controller; the counting circuit is connected with the infrared emitting tube (19) and the infrared receiving tube (20); The symmetrical oscillation driving circuit is connected with the strong magnetic electromagnet (9) and the weak magnetic electromagnet (13); the transmission driving circuit is connected with the transmission motor (16); Iron (26) connection. 2 . The semi-automatic single-grain packing machine according to claim 1 , wherein the base ( 5 ) is further provided with a roller guide rail ( 6 ), and the roller ( 7 ) is located on the roller guide rail ( 6 ). 3 . 3. The semi-automatic single-grain packing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strong magnetic fixed support plate (8) and its strong magnetic electromagnet (9) are located on the left side of the movable support plate (11), and the weak The magnetic fixed support plate (14) and its weak magnetic electromagnet (13) are located on the right side of the movable support plate (11). 4. The semi-automatic single-type granular material filling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission wheel (15) rotates clockwise. 5. The semi-automatic single-grain filling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control circuit further comprises a display screen (21) and a keyboard (22); the display screen (21) and the keyboard (22) and the controller connect. 6. The semi-automatic single-grain filling machine according to claim 1, wherein the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit comprises diodes D9-D10, Darlington tubes Q1-Q2, and resistors R4-R5; Darlington tubes The base of Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the controller through the resistor R4, the base of the Darlington transistor Q2 is connected to the output terminal of the controller through the resistor R5; D9 is connected to the power supply Vcc, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the strong magnetic electromagnet (9); the drain of the Darlington tube Q2 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D10, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the weak magnetic electromagnet (13) Connect to the power supply Vcc; the source of the Darlington transistor Q1 and the source of the Darlington transistor Q2 are connected to the ground GND at the same time. 7. The semi-automatic single-grain packing machine according to claim 1, wherein the silo drive circuit comprises diodes D11-D12, Darlington tubes Q3-Q4, and resistors R7-R8; Darlington tubes Q3 The base of the Darlington tube is connected to the output end of the controller through the resistor R7, and the base of the Darlington tube Q4 is connected to the output end of the controller through the resistor R8; It is connected to the power supply Vcc, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the lower electromagnet (26) of the warehouse mouth; the drain of the Darlington tube Q4 is divided into two channels, one is connected to the power supply Vcc through the diode D12, and the other end is connected to the power supply Vcc through the upper electromagnet of the warehouse mouth. (24) Connect to the power supply Vcc; the source of the Darlington transistor Q3 and the source of the Darlington transistor Q4 are connected to the ground GND at the same time. 8. The operating method of the semi-automatic single-grain packing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: Step 1. Pre-set the number of dispensing times and the number of single dispensing through the controller; Step 2. The controller sends a signal to make the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit and the transmission drive circuit start to work; at this time, under the control of the controller, the silo drive circuit energizes the upper electromagnet (24) of the silo, and the lower electromagnet (24) of the silo. 26) Power off, the separator (23) is adsorbed on the electromagnet (24) on the silo port under the action of magnetic force, and the discharge port of the collecting silo (27) is closed; Step 3. The pellets in the hopper (2) fall to the left side of the feeding hopper (3) under the action of gravity; Step 4. Under the control of the PWM wave outputted by the controller, the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit makes the oscillation adsorption iron piece (12) be alternately attracted by the strong magnetic electromagnet (9) and the weak magnetic electromagnet (13); Step 5. The asymmetrical oscillation mechanism uses the principle of bilateral asymmetrical electromagnetic oscillation, so that the feeding hopper (3) generates different accelerations before and after under the action of the asymmetrical electromagnetic force. Under the action of moving backward, the pellets are distributed in a single row under the action of self-weight and the vibration of the feeding hopper (3), and are gradually sent to the conveying mechanism; Step 6, the transmission drive circuit drives the transmission motor (16) to drive the conveyor belt (17) to rotate clockwise under the control of the controller; Step 7. The pellets dropped onto the conveyor belt (17) of the conveying mechanism from the feeding hopper (3) of the feeding mechanism are gradually sent to the collecting mechanism; Step 8. When the pellets fall from the right end of the conveyor belt (17) to the feeding port of the collecting bin (27), the falling pellets block the infrared receiving tube from receiving the infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitting tube, and will capture the When the pellet signal returns to the controller, the controller will add one to the count value of this dispensing; Step 9. When the count value of the current dispensing reaches the set value for a single dispensing, the controller sends a signal to power off the asymmetric oscillation drive circuit and the transmission drive circuit; at this time, the warehouse port drive circuit is under the control of the controller. , so that the electromagnet (26) under the silo mouth is energized, the electromagnet (24) on the silo mouth is de-energized, the separator (23) is adsorbed on the electromagnet (26) under the silo mouth under the action of magnetic force, and the collecting bin (27) ) of the discharge port is opened, and the pellets fall into the external container from the collection bin (27), thereby completing a sub-packaging process; Step 10, when the first sub-packaging process is completed, return to step 2 to start the next sub-packaging process.

Images