CN107512185B - Intelligent electric power-assisted vehicle charger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent electric bicycle charger, comprising a mains input interface, a power management module, a first solid state relay, a second solid state relay, a third solid state relay, a fourth solid state relay, a display screen, an MCU unit, and a SIM module , temperature sensor, drive circuit, buzzer, LED light, button, slow charging circuit, fast charging circuit, current detection module and battery charging interface; the charger has over-temperature protection, automatic and manual switching charging modes, charging modes include : Fast charging mode, slow charging mode, mixed charging mode, and can display the charging time at the same time, the owner will be notified after the charging is completed, and the current of the charging circuit can be detected to ensure that the battery is truly disconnected from the charging circuit after charging is completed. Turn on to prevent the battery from being damaged, and then disconnect the power supply of the charging circuit to save resources.

Description

An intelligent electric bicycle charger

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of charging electric bicycles, in particular to an intelligent electric bicycle charger, which has the functions of temperature monitoring, status display, full alarm, timely disconnection, remote communication and other functions.

Background technique

With the improvement of people's living standards, the awareness of environmental protection is gradually increasing, and the number of electric mopeds is increasing, which brings great convenience to people's travel. Most electric moped batteries are charged from home to the shed. Existing chargers cannot be disconnected from the charging circuit after the battery is fully charged, resulting in overcharging of the battery, deformation or even explosion of the battery, and high temperature during charging, which is prone to fire , causing property damage, the charging mode has a single function, and the user cannot know the charging status and other issues.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charger for an intelligent electric bicycle, which has the functions of over-temperature protection, disconnection after charging, and real-time display of the status of the charger.

In order to achieve the above object, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an intelligent electric bicycle charger, including a mains input interface, a power management module, a first solid state relay, a second solid state relay, a third solid state relay, and a fourth solid state relay Relay, display screen, MCU unit, SIM module, temperature sensor, drive circuit, buzzer, LED light, button, slow charging circuit, fast charging circuit, current detection module and battery charging interface; The first contact of the load end of a solid state relay and the second solid state relay is connected, the second contact of the load end of the first solid state relay is connected with the input end of the slow charging circuit, and the second contact of the load end of the second solid state relay The contact is connected to the input end of the fast charging circuit, and the output end of the slow charging circuit and the output end of the fast charging circuit are connected to the first contact of the load end of the third solid state relay at the same time, and the load end of the third solid state relay The second contact is connected to the first end of the battery charging interface, and the ground terminal of the slow charging circuit and the ground terminal of the fast charging circuit are connected to the first contact of the load end of the fourth solid state relay at the same time, and the fourth solid state relay The second contact of the load end of the load end is connected to the second end of the battery charging interface, and the mains power input interface is connected to the input end of the power management module. The power management module is equipped to convert the mains power into DC output and its output end Connect and supply power to the MCU unit, display screen, SIM module, temperature sensor, drive circuit, LED lamp, and current detection module. The temperature sensor is equipped to collect the temperature in the charger and feed back to the MCU unit. The display screen is equipped to display The real-time charging data value of the charger, the SIM module is equipped to send information to the outside, the LED light is configured to indicate the working state of the charger, the display screen, SIM module, temperature sensor, drive circuit, LED light and The current detection module is connected with the MCU unit, the drive circuit is connected with the buzzer to drive the buzzer, the button is connected with the MCU unit, and the output terminals of the power management module are connected with the first solid state relay and the second solid state relay respectively. , the third solid state relay, the first contact of the control end of the fourth solid state relay, the second contact of the control end of the first solid state relay, the second solid state relay, the third solid state relay and the fourth solid state relay is respectively connected with the MCU The unit is connected, and the current detection module is connected in the line of the battery charging interface to detect the charging current and feed it back to the MCU unit.

In the above structure, the charger has three charging modes: fast charging mode, slow charging mode, and mixed charging mode. The mixed charging mode refers to slow charging when the fast charging reaches a certain level. To select the corresponding mode, only the MCU unit needs to control the first solid state relay or the second solid state relay to select the corresponding charging module.

The MCU unit will display the charging time, charging mode, charger temperature and other real-time charging data values of the charger on the display screen, and the corresponding LED lights will be on for the user's reference to know the charging status of the charger.

If the weather is hot and the temperature of the charger is too high, it is prone to fire. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the fast charging circuit and the slow charging circuit. If the temperature exceeds a certain value, the MCU unit first uses the third solid state relay and the fourth solid state relay to cut off the battery. The connection with the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit), and then use the first solid state relay and the second solid state relay to cut off the connection between the mains and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit), and when the temperature drops to a certain level, the charging is resumed , to achieve overheating protection; after charging is completed, the connection between the battery and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit) will also be disconnected, and the connection between the mains and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit) will be disconnected to prevent the battery from overcharging , damage the battery.

When the temperature of the charger exceeds a certain value, the MCU unit will drive the buzzer to alarm through the drive circuit (it will be turned off after 3s), the abnormal temperature indicator light will be on, and then the user will be reminded with a text message through the SIM module; the user can directly edit a specific text message and send it to Charger, after the charger is analyzed, the storage of the receiving number of the SMS can be completed. The receiving number of the SMS is stored in the EEPROM of the MCU unit itself, and other parameters can also be modified, such as the percentage of fast charging in the hybrid charging mode before entering the slow charging mode. charging mode, local alarm and so on.

Further, the LED light includes a power indicator light, a fast charge indicator light, a slow charge indicator light, a mixed charge indicator light and an abnormal temperature indicator light. The indicator light and the abnormal temperature indicator light are respectively connected with the MCU unit.

Further, the drive circuit adopts a triode amplifier circuit, which has simple structure, practicality and low cost.

Further, the MCU unit adopts a minimum operating system of a single-chip microcomputer, which includes a single-chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, and the crystal oscillator circuit and the reset circuit are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the power management module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The charger has three charging modes: fast charging mode, slow charging mode, and hybrid charging mode, and users can select the corresponding mode according to their own needs. (2) At the same time, the charging time, charging mode, charger temperature and other status of the charger will be displayed on the display. (3) If the weather is hot, the temperature of the charger is too high, which is prone to fire. The device has the function of overheating protection. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the fast charging circuit and the slow charging circuit. The relay cuts off the connection between the battery and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit), and then uses a solid-state relay to cut off the connection between the mains and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit), and resumes charging when the temperature drops to a certain level. (4) After the charging is completed, the connection between the battery and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit) will also be disconnected, and the connection between the mains and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit) will be disconnected to prevent the battery from being overcharged and damaging the battery , and will remind the user through the local sound and light alarm (turn off after 3s) and SMS. (5) The user can directly edit a specific text message and send it to the charger. After the charger analyzes it, the storage of the SMS receiving number can be completed. The SMS receiving number is stored in the EEPROM of the MCU unit itself, and other parameters can also be modified, such as mixed charging. In the fast charging mode, what percentage is the fast charging to enter the slow charging mode, whether to alarm locally and so on.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the charger of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the control circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the charging circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the minimum system circuit structure of the MCU unit of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving circuit of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the content of the present invention clearer, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity, representation and description of components that are not relevant to the present invention and known to those of ordinary skill in the art are omitted from the drawings and descriptions.

Embodiment 1 Referring to Figures 1-3, an intelligent electric bicycle charger includes a mains input interface, a power management module, a first solid state relay, a second solid state relay, a third solid state relay, a fourth solid state relay, and a display screen , MCU unit, SIM module, temperature sensor, drive circuit, buzzer, LED light, button, slow charging circuit, fast charging circuit, current detection module and battery charging interface; the charging circuit structure in the charger shown in Figure 3 Schematic diagram, the mains input interface is connected to the first contact of the load end of the first solid state relay and the second solid state relay, and the second contact of the load end of the first solid state relay is connected to the input end of the slow charging circuit, so The second contact of the load end of the second solid state relay is connected to the input end of the fast charging circuit, and the output end of the slow charging circuit and the output end of the fast charging circuit are connected to the first contact of the load end of the third solid state relay at the same time , the second contact of the load end of the third solid state relay is connected to the first end of the battery charging interface, and the ground end of the slow charging circuit and the ground end of the fast charging circuit are simultaneously connected to the first contact of the load end of the fourth solid state relay. Contact connection, the second contact of the load end of the fourth solid state relay is connected to the second end of the battery charging interface; the control circuit structure diagram in the charger shown in Figure 2, the mains input interface and power management The input end of the module is connected, and the power management module is equipped to convert the mains power into a direct current output and its output end is connected with the MCU unit, the display screen, the SIM module, the temperature sensor, the driving circuit, the LED lamp, and the current detection module and supplies power, The temperature sensor is equipped to collect the temperature in the charger and feed back to the MCU unit, the display screen is equipped to display the real-time charging data value of the charger, the SIM module is equipped to send information to the outside, and the LED light is configured to indicate In the working state of the charger, the display screen, SIM module, temperature sensor, drive circuit, LED lamp and current detection module are connected to the MCU unit, the drive circuit is connected to the buzzer to drive the buzzer, and the button Connected with the MCU unit, the output terminals of the power management module are respectively connected to the first contacts of the control terminals of the first solid state relay, the second solid state relay, the third solid state relay and the fourth solid state relay, and the first solid state relay, The second contacts of the control ends of the second solid state relay, the third solid state relay and the fourth solid state relay are respectively connected to the MCU unit, and the current detection module is connected to the circuit of the battery charging interface to detect the charging current and feed it back to the MCU unit. The power management module may use a switching power supply, and the current detection module may use a current acquisition module, such as a current sensor.

The LED light includes a power indicator light, a fast charge indicator light, a slow charge indicator light, a mixed charge indicator light and an abnormal temperature indicator light, the power indicator light, the fast charge indicator light, the slow charge indicator light, the mixed charge indicator light and The abnormal temperature indicator lights are respectively connected to the MCU unit, and multiple indicator lights are used to indicate the working state of the charger.

In the above structure, the charger has three charging modes: fast charging mode, slow charging mode, and mixed charging mode. The mixed charging mode refers to slow charging when the fast charging reaches a certain level. To select the corresponding mode, only the MCU unit needs to control the first solid state relay or the second solid state relay to select the corresponding charging module.

The MCU unit will display the charging time, charging mode, charger temperature and other real-time charging data values of the charger on the display screen, and the corresponding LED lights will be on for the user's reference to know the charging status of the charger.

If the weather is hot and the temperature of the charger is too high, it is prone to fire. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the fast charging circuit and the slow charging circuit. If the temperature exceeds a certain value, the MCU unit first uses the third solid state relay and the fourth solid state relay to cut off the battery. The connection with the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit), and then use the first solid state relay and the second solid state relay to cut off the connection between the mains and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit), and when the temperature drops to a certain level, the charging is resumed , to achieve overheating protection; after charging is completed, the connection between the battery and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit) will also be disconnected, and the connection between the mains and the slow charging circuit (or fast charging circuit) will be disconnected to prevent the battery from overcharging , damage the battery.

When the temperature of the charger exceeds a certain value, the MCU unit will drive the buzzer to alarm through the drive circuit (it will be turned off after 3s), the abnormal temperature indicator light will be on, and then the user will be reminded with a text message through the SIM module; the user can directly edit a specific text message and send it to Charger, after the charger is analyzed, the storage of the receiving number of the SMS can be completed. The receiving number of the SMS is stored in the EEPROM of the MCU unit itself, and other parameters can also be modified, such as the percentage of fast charging in the hybrid charging mode before entering the slow charging mode. charging mode, local alarm and so on.

Specifically, the MCU unit adopts the minimum operating system of a single-chip microcomputer, which includes a single-chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, and the crystal oscillator circuit and the reset circuit are connected to the single-chip microcomputer respectively, and the power management module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer. The minimum system of the MCU unit is as shown in the figure 4, including power supply (VCC3.3), microcontroller (STM32Fxxx), crystal oscillator circuit (high-speed external clock circuit (HSL: C20, C21, Y2, R21), (low-speed external clock circuit LSE: C23, C24, Y3)) 1. The reset circuit (R22, C22, R23, S3) consists of four parts, and the power supply is connected in parallel with C26, C27, and C28 to achieve good filtering. In the minimum system designed, a 1M resistor R21 is added to the high-speed external clock circuit (HSL), its role is to match the impedance, so that the driving circuit of the crystal or the crystal itself is in a better working condition. The reset circuit consists of two parts: button reset and power-on reset. (1) Power-on reset: STM32 series single-chip and low-level reset, usually connect a capacitor (C22) to GND on the reset pin NRST, and then connect a Resistor (R22) to VCC, thereby forming an RC charging and discharging circuit to ensure that the NRST pin has enough time for low level to reset when the microcontroller is powered on, and then returns to high level to enter the normal working state. (2) Button reset: Button reset is to connect a switch in parallel with the reset capacitor (C22). When the switch is pressed, the capacitor (C22) is discharged and NRST is also pulled to a low level, and due to the charging of the capacitor (C22), It will keep a low level for a period of time to reset the microcontroller.

Figure 5 shows the structural diagram of the drive circuit. The microcontroller outputs a control signal through the I/O port, pulls up through the pull-up resistor (R2), and enters the base of the PNP (Q1) through the current-limiting resistor (R3). The I/O port outputs a low level, which turns on the PNP transistor (Q1) and drives the buzzer to sound.

Usually, the charger is equipped with built-in mains input interface, power management module, solid state relay, display screen, MCU unit, SIM module, temperature sensor, drive circuit, buzzer, LED light, button, slow charging circuit, fast The charging circuit, the current detection module and the shell of the battery charging interface, among which the slow charging circuit, the fast charging circuit, the power management module, the current detection module, the SIM module, etc. Some data obtained the circuit structure.

When a kind of intelligent electric bicycle charger of the present invention is produced:

The MCU unit adopts ST's STM32 single-chip microcomputer, the ARM Cortex core specially designed for high-performance, low-cost, low-power embedded applications, and the peripheral interface is very rich.

The buzzer adopts the simplest active buzzer, and the MCU unit directly gives a fixed level to the base of the triode in the amplifier circuit, and it can continue to sound.

The display screen adopts 0.96-inch OLED light display screen (12864 LCD screen), which is a kind of SPI/IIC interface mode, and the drive chip SSD1306 is integrated in the display screen, which contains the dot matrix graphic LCD of the national standard first-level and second-level simplified Chinese character library. Display module; its display resolution is 128×64, built-in 8192 16*16 dot Chinese characters, and 128 16*8 dot ASCII character sets.

The innovation of this invention is as follows:

1. You can directly modify the internal parameters of the charger by sending a specific text message (SMS receiving number, mixed charging, fast charging and slow charging ratio, whether to alarm locally, etc.).

2. The charger has two charging circuits and three charging modes, users can choose according to their own conditions.

3. The charger has overheat protection function.

4. The charger has the functions of local alarm, remote notification, and automatic disconnection of the battery and charger, and automatic disconnection of the mains and charging circuit (fast charging circuit, slow charging circuit).

5. The charger has the function of accumulating charging time and displaying it in real time, and information such as mode and mode are displayed on the display screen.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned specific embodiments are used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the embodiments, and make the present invention Any modifications and changes should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The intelligent electric power-assisted vehicle charger is characterized by comprising a mains supply input interface, a power management module, a first solid-state relay, a second solid-state relay, a third solid-state relay, a fourth solid-state relay, a display screen, an MCU unit, a SIM module, a temperature sensor, a driving circuit, a buzzer, an LED lamp, a key, a slow charging circuit, a fast charging circuit, a current detection module and a storage battery charging interface; the utility power input interface is connected with the first contact of the load end of the first solid-state relay and the second solid-state relay, the second contact of the load end of the first solid-state relay is connected with the input end of the slow charging circuit, the second contact of the load end of the second solid-state relay is connected with the input end of the fast charging circuit, the output end of the slow charging circuit and the output end of the fast charging circuit are simultaneously connected with the first contact of the load end of the third solid-state relay, the second contact of the load end of the third solid-state relay is connected with the first end of the battery charging interface, the grounding end of the slow charging circuit and the grounding end of the fast charging circuit are simultaneously connected with the first contact of the load end of the fourth solid-state relay, the second contact of the load end of the fourth solid-state relay is connected with the second end of the battery charging interface, the utility power input interface is connected with the input end of the power management module, the power management module is configured to convert commercial power into direct current for output, the output end of the power management module is connected with the MCU unit, a display screen, a SIM module, a temperature sensor, a driving circuit, an LED lamp and a current detection module for supplying power, the temperature sensor is configured to collect temperature feedback in the charger and feed back the temperature feedback to the MCU unit, the display screen is configured to display real-time charging data value of the charger, the SIM module is configured to send information to the outside, the LED lamp is configured to indicate working state of the charger, the display screen, the SIM module, the temperature sensor, the driving circuit, the LED lamp and the current detection module are connected with the MCU unit, the driving circuit is connected with the buzzer for driving the buzzer, the keys are connected with the MCU unit, and the output end of the power management module is respectively connected with the first solid state relay, the second solid state relay, the third solid state relay, the first contact of the control end of the fourth solid-state relay is connected, the second contacts of the control ends of the first solid-state relay, the second solid-state relay, the third solid-state relay and the fourth solid-state relay are respectively connected with the MCU unit, and the current detection module is connected in a circuit of a battery charging interface to detect charging current and feed the charging current back to the MCU unit;

the temperature sensor monitors the temperature conditions of the fast charging circuit and the slow charging circuit, if the temperature exceeds a set value, the MCU unit firstly cuts off the connection between the storage battery and the slow charging circuit or the fast charging circuit by using the third solid state relay and the fourth solid state relay, then cuts off the connection between the commercial power and the slow charging circuit or the fast charging circuit by using the first solid state relay and the second solid state relay, and resumes charging when the temperature is reduced to the set value so as to realize overheat protection; after the charging is completed, the connection between the storage battery and the slow charging circuit or the fast charging circuit is disconnected, and then the connection between the commercial power and the slow charging circuit or the fast charging circuit is disconnected, so that the storage battery is prevented from being overcharged and damaged.

2. The intelligent electric bicycle charger of claim 1, wherein the LED lamp comprises a power indicator, a fast charge indicator, a slow charge indicator, a hybrid charge indicator and a temperature anomaly indicator, which are connected to the MCU unit respectively.

3. An intelligent electric power assisted vehicle charger as defined in claim 1, wherein said drive circuit employs a triode amplification circuit.

4. The intelligent electric bicycle charger of claim 1, wherein the MCU unit adopts a single-chip microcomputer minimum working system, and comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit and the reset circuit are respectively connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the power management module supplies power to the single-chip microcomputer.

5. The intelligent electric bicycle charger of claim 1, wherein the current detection module employs a current acquisition module.

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