CN107512060A - A kind of solar energy unmanned plane wing cover material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of solar energy unmanned plane wing cover material and preparation method thereof, the skin material is from top to bottom followed successively by the first wearing layer, base membrane layer, adhesive phase, filament support layer, the second wearing layer；The coating of first wearing layer and the second wearing layer to be formed by the coated dry solidification of coating fluid.Solar energy unmanned plane wing cover material prepared by the present invention has excellent tensile strength, tearing toughness, while reduces the surface density (≤45g/m of skin material to greatest extent²), improve the payload of solar energy unmanned plane.Upper and lower two layers of wearing layer not only has excellent anti-wear performance, also with excellent weatherability, anlistatig performance, further increases the combination property of skin material.Skin material preparation technology of the present invention is simple, is easily achieved.

Description

A kind of solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a coating material, in particular to an aircraft wing skin material and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Solar-powered drones are high-altitude and long-endurance drones powered by solar radiation energy. They have the characteristics of long cruising time, high flying altitude, low cost, clean and pollution-free, and can perform various tasks flexibly. As a research hotspot of near-space vehicles.

Due to the requirements of high-altitude and long-endurance drones for materials such as light structure and high service life, as well as the characteristics of large aspect ratio and large wingspan of solar-powered drones, it is an inevitable choice to use advanced composite materials for aircraft structure design. For UAVs with large aspect ratio and large wingspan, controlling the weight of the wing is the key to reducing the weight of the UAV and increasing its payload. Therefore, the reduction of the surface density of the wing skin material is the key to lighten the overall The most important means of weight. Solar-powered UAVs will encounter low-altitude and complex airflow environments during climbing and landing, and they will also encounter harsh environmental conditions such as strong ultraviolet rays, ozone, radioactive particles, suspended particles, and cosmic rays during near-space flight. Wing skin materials must have excellent mechanical strength, friction resistance and weather resistance.

At present, it is reported that the wing skin material of solar UAV mainly adopts high-strength and high-modulus fiber material or composite material of film material. For example, in the structural design of the Italian Helipat solar UAV, the wing skin material adopts the carbon fiber composite wing box made of carbon fiber/epoxy resin prepreg tape to enhance the bending stiffness of the wing. The areal density is 400g/m ² , and the areal density is too high, which leads to the excessive weight of the fuselage and the reduction of the payload. The fuselage and wings of the latest "Westwind" series of solar-powered drones in the UK, Zephyr7, are made of ultra-light carbon fiber resin-based composite materials, and the skin material is Mylar polyester film produced by DuPont. The skin material has excellent flexibility and low surface density, but its tear resistance and wear resistance are poor. Once the film itself is damaged, the damaged part will spread, affecting the service life of the drone.

The wing skin material of the solar drone disclosed in Chinese patent CN201610286741.X is a honeycomb sandwich structure formed by two layers of polyester film and fiber mesh. Although the wing skin material has excellent mechanical strength and weather resistance , but the wear resistance of the skin surface is poor. In actual flight, friction with the atmosphere will inevitably occur, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the outer layer of the skin material, and the surface density of the wing skin material is relatively high (greater than 50g/m ² ), increasing The overall weight of the UAV is reduced, reducing its payload.

To sum up, at present, the main problems faced by solar UAV wing skin materials are: ensuring and improving the excellent mechanical strength of wing skin materials, while meeting the trend of flexible skin materials and low surface density, and It also takes into account the weather resistance and wear resistance of the wing skin material to ensure the long-term flight of the drone.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a novel solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material. The skin material has a low areal density, excellent abrasion resistance, weather resistance and flexibility.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material, the skin material is the first wear-resistant layer, the base film layer, the adhesive layer, the fiber support layer and the second wear-resistant layer in order from top to bottom, and the The first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer are coatings formed by coating, drying and curing the coating liquid.

A preferred version, the composition and parts by mass of the coating solution are:

Acrylate compound 10-60; oligomer containing hydroxyl or amino group 30-80; photoinitiator 0.04-11.2; coupling agent 0.2-4.2; antistatic agent 0.04-4.2; non-conductive inorganic nanoparticles 0.4-42 ; Antioxidant 0.04 ~ 1.12; UV absorber 0.08 ~ 4.2.

A preferred solution, the fiber support layer is one of glass fiber, Vectran fiber, carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, nylon fiber, polyimide fiber, PBO fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.

In a preferred solution, the fiber support layer is a fiber grid structure with a surface density of 1-15 g/m ² ; the base film layer is a plastic film with a thickness of 5-25 μm; the adhesive layer is a plastic film with a thickness of 2-10 μm. layer, the total thickness of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer is a coating with a thickness of 1-10 μm.

A preferred version, the acrylate compound is 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylamide, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate , ethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, p-neopentyl glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpentane trimethacrylate , one or more of trimethylolpropane pentaerythritol triacrylate.

A preferred version, the oligomer containing hydroxyl or amino group is one or more of polyurethane acrylic acid, amino acetic acid acrylate, epoxy acrylate, silicone acrylate, polyol acrylate .

A preferred version, the photoinitiator is 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (BDMK ), 2-isopropylthioxanthone (ITX), 2-hydroxymethylphenylpropane-1-one, benzoin dimethyl ether, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenylketone, 2-methyl-1-( One or more of 4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholino-1-propanone.

A preferred version, the coupling agent is tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), γ-(2,3-glycidyloxy) propyltrimethoxy One of ylsilane (KH560), γ-(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), vinyltriethoxysilane (A151), vinyltrimethoxysilane (A171) or several.

A preferred solution, the antistatic agent is a composite antistatic agent composed of conductive polymers and conductive nanoparticles, the mass ratio of conductive polymers and conductive nanoparticles is 1/1 to 5/1, and the conductive polymer It is one or more of polyaniline, thiophene polymers, and perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid polymers. The conductive nanoparticles are tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), carbon nanotubes, One or more of graphene and nano silver.

A kind of preparation method of solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material, preparation is carried out as follows:

a. Coating an adhesive layer on one side of the base film layer, drying, and compounding the adhesive layer and the fiber support layer to obtain a semi-finished product F1;

b. Coating the obtained semi-finished product F1 with the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer simultaneously by means of dip coating, and drying to obtain the solar UAV wing skin material.

Beneficial effect:

1. The skin material of the present invention is obviously different from the prior art. It adopts a five-layer structure with two upper and lower wear-resistant layers, and the two wear-resistant layers are realized by coating. The interlayer structure of the skin material reduces the thickness of the skin material, and effectively reduces the surface density under the premise of ensuring the flexibility and tear resistance of the skin material. The surface density of the skin material in the present invention is ≤45g/ m ² , the tensile strength is ≥55N/cm, and the tear strength is ≥80N. At the same time, the wear resistance of the skin material is improved, and the wear-resistant layer can still maintain good wear resistance after aging.

2. The two wear-resistant layers of the skin material of the present invention are UV-cured coatings. The addition of two layers of wear-resistant layers not only improves the wear resistance of the wing skin material, but also the second wear-resistant layer It can effectively protect and fix the fiber support layer, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the skin material.

3. The wear-resistant coating of the present invention is designed through the formulation of the wear-resistant coating liquid, which improves the comprehensive properties of the skin material such as weather resistance, antistatic property, ultraviolet resistance and oxidation resistance, and ensures the service life.

4. The present invention ensures the tear resistance, wear resistance and surface density of the skin material by controlling the thickness and material type between layers, thereby improving the payload and service life of the drone.

5. The wear-resistant layer in the present invention is prepared by a dip-coating process, and the two wear-resistant layers can be coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the skin material at the same time, and can be cured by ultraviolet light at the same time, and the process is simple.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material structure of the present invention.

The symbols in the figure are respectively represented as: 1-first wear-resistant layer; 2-base film layer; 3-adhesive layer; 4-fiber support layer; 5-second wear-resistant layer.

detailed description

A kind of solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material that the present invention proposes, structure as shown in Figure 1, this skin material comprises first wear-resistant layer 1, base film layer 2, adhesive layer 3 successively from top to bottom , a fiber support layer 4, and a second wear-resistant layer 5; the first wear-resistant layer 1 and the second wear-resistant layer 5 are coatings formed by coating, drying and curing a coating liquid. The coating method may be gravure coating, dip coating, spray coating, etc., preferably dip coating.

The fiber support layer of the present invention is a fiber grid structure with a surface density of 1-15g/m ² ; the base film layer is a plastic film with a thickness of 5-25 μm; the adhesive layer is a layer with a thickness of 2-10 μm. The total thickness of the abrasive layer and the second wear-resistant layer is a coating with a thickness of 1 to 10 μm. Through design, the obtained wing skin material has a low surface density, and has both high tensile strength and tear strength and abrasion resistance. The surface density of the skin material of the present invention is ≤45g/m ² , the tensile strength is ≥55N/cm, and the tear strength is ≥80N.

The coating liquid of the wear-resistant layer used in the first wear-resistant layer 1 and the second wear-resistant layer 5 of the present invention is an acrylate-based modified wear-resistant coating liquid. The coating solution not only has excellent wear resistance, but also has excellent antistatic properties, UV resistance and oxidation resistance, which greatly improves the comprehensive performance of the skin material, and the coating of the wear-resistant layer of the skin material The composition and mass parts of liquid:

Acrylate compound 10-60; oligomer containing hydroxyl or amino group 30-80; photoinitiator 0.04-11.2; coupling agent 0.2-4.2; antistatic agent 0.04-4.2; non-conductive inorganic nanoparticles 0.4-42 ; Antioxidant 0.04 ~ 1.12; UV absorber 0.08 ~ 4.2.

At room temperature, without ultraviolet light and sunlight exposure, and under the conditions of relative air humidity less than 60%, add the above-mentioned components into a mixing container and stir thoroughly, and filter to remove impurities to obtain a coating solution; the coating solution can be obtained according to wear resistance According to the requirements of layer thickness, dilute to obtain the required solid content. The solvents used are commonly used ester and ketone reagents including methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, One or more cyclohexanones, the solid content of the coating solution is preferably 10% to 50%, more preferably 20% to 40%.

The main component of the coating solution of the wear-resistant layer of the present invention is an acrylic compound and an oligomer containing a hydroxyl group or an amino group, and the oligomer containing a hydroxyl group or an amino group is used as a reactive polymer of the coating solution. Under the action, it undergoes free radical polymerization and addition reaction with acrylate compounds, so as to obtain a coating with excellent wear resistance. By adjusting the addition amount of the acrylic compound and the oligomer containing hydroxyl group or amino group, the degree of reaction between the two can be effectively controlled, so that the wear-resistant layer has excellent wear resistance and weather resistance.

The acrylate compounds include 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylamide, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate Alcohol esters, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, p-neopentyl glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpentane trimethacrylate, trimethylol One or more of propane pentaerythritol triacrylate; the mass fraction of acrylate compounds is preferably 10-60, more preferably 20-50, if the added amount is too low, the degree of polymerization reaction with hydroxyl or amino oligomers is too low If the addition amount is too high, the degree of polymerization reaction with hydroxyl or amino oligomers will be too high, the flexibility of the coating will become poor, and the adhesion between the coating and the base film will be affected.

The oligomers containing hydroxyl or amino groups include one or more of polyurethane acrylic acid, amino acetic acid acrylate, epoxy acrylate, silicone acrylate, polyol acrylate; the oligomer The number of parts by mass is preferably 30-80, more preferably 40-75. If the amount of oligomer added is too small, the degree of polymerization reaction with acrylate compounds will be too low, which will affect the wear resistance of the coating. If the amount added is too high, it will react with acrylate compounds If the degree of polymerization of the compound is too high, the flexibility of the coating will be deteriorated, and the adhesion between the coating and the base film will be affected.

The photoinitiator includes 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (BDMK), 2-iso Propylthioxanthone (ITX), 2-hydroxymethylphenylpropan-1-one, benzoin dimethyl ether, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthio One or more of phenyl)-2-morpholino-1-propanone; the mass fraction of the photoinitiator is preferably 0.04 to 11.2, more preferably 0.1 to 8.5, too little addition will cause the curing of the coating A long time will reduce the wear resistance of the coating, and adding too much will reduce the stability of the coating solution.

Adding a coupling agent to the coating solution of the wear-resistant layer of the present invention can promote the polymerization reaction between the acrylic compound and the oligomer containing hydroxyl or amino groups on the one hand, and improve the wear resistance and adhesion of the coating; on the other hand On the one hand, it can improve the wettability between the inorganic nanoparticles, reduce the agglomeration phenomenon between the inorganic nanoparticles, and promote the dispersion and compatibility of the inorganic nanoparticles in the coating solution.

The coupling agent includes tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) , γ-(methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), vinyltriethoxysilane (A151), vinyltrimethoxysilane (A171), and even The mass fraction of the coupling agent is preferably 0.2-4.2, more preferably 0.3-3.5, too much or too little added amount will affect the wear resistance of the wear-resistant layer and the stability of the coating solution.

Adding an antistatic agent to the coating solution of the wear-resistant layer of the present invention can ensure that the surface resistance of the wear-resistant layer is less than 10 ¹⁰ Ω, and reduce the static electricity generated by friction between the skin material and the air during use and the sub-explosion of the magnetic field in high latitude areas. The resulting charging and discharging effect. The antistatic agent used is a compound antistatic agent composed of conductive polymer and conductive nanoparticles, which has the characteristics of small addition amount and high efficiency. Because the conductive polymer in the compound antistatic agent tends to distribute the surface layer and the bottom layer of the wear-resistant layer, while the conductive nanoparticles tend to distribute more in the middle of the wear-resistant layer, so that the wear-resistant layer has better antistatic effect . However, agglomeration between conductive polymers and conductive nanoparticles is easy to occur, so it is necessary to control the addition ratio of the two to ensure the best antistatic effect while taking into account the stability of the coating solution of the wear-resistant layer.

The conductive polymers include one or more of polyaniline, thiophene polymers, and perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid polymers, and the conductive nanoparticles include tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) , carbon nanotubes, graphene, nano-silver, particle size is 5 ~ 50nm; the mass ratio of conductive polymer and conductive nanoparticles is preferably 1/1 ~ 5/1, which can ensure the best anti-corrosion resistance. Static effect at the same time the stability of the coating liquid. The mass fraction of the compound antistatic agent is preferably 0.04-4.2, more preferably 1.5-3.5. If the addition amount of compound antistatic agent is too low, the antistatic performance will be poor, and if the addition amount is too high, the coating stability will be reduced, and it is also uneconomical.

The non-conductive inorganic nanoparticles added in the coating solution of the wear-resistant layer of the present invention utilize the characteristics of high hardness and good wear resistance of inorganic materials on the one hand, and on the other hand, the selected inorganic nanoparticles have high specific surface area, high specific The characteristics of surface energy facilitate dispersion in the coating solution, thereby further enhancing the wear resistance and weather resistance of the wear-resistant layer.

The non-conductive inorganic nanoparticles include one or more of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, zirconia, and cerium oxide, with a particle size of 5-50 nm, and the mass fraction of non-conductive inorganic nanoparticles is preferably 0.4- 42, more preferably 0.8-30. If the amount of non-conductive inorganic nanoparticles added is too small, the wear resistance of the wear-resistant layer cannot be enhanced; if the amount added too much, the stability of the coating solution will be affected, and it is also uneconomical.

In the coating solution of the wear-resistant layer of the present invention, UV absorbers and antioxidants are added in order to further improve the weather resistance of the wear-resistant layer. Because the stratosphere where the skin material is located has a strong ultraviolet radiation and ozone environment, it is required to Materials must have UV resistance and oxidation resistance in order to ensure the long-term flight mission of solar-powered UAVs. Therefore, the introduction of UV absorbers and antioxidants in the wear-resistant coating solution can further improve the UV resistance and oxidation resistance of skin materials. Antioxidant properties.

The ultraviolet absorber includes one or more of benzophenone compounds, cinnamic acid compounds, benzotriazole compounds, and salicylate compounds, and the mass fraction of the ultraviolet absorber is preferably 0.08-4.2, More preferably 1.2～3.5; Described antioxidant comprises one or more in di-tert-butyl hydroxytoluene (BHT), tert-butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), anti- The mass fraction of the oxidizing agent is preferably 0.04-1.12, more preferably 0.30-1.0. If the amount of UV absorber and antioxidant added is too small, the UV and anti-oxidation performance of the wear-resistant layer will be poor, and if the amount added is too high, the stability of the coating solution will be affected, and it is also uneconomical.

The skin material of the present invention introduces a wear-resistant layer on the upper and lower surfaces at the same time. The addition of two wear-resistant layers not only improves the wear resistance of the skin material, but also enhances the weather resistance and antistatic performance of the skin material. At the same time, the first The second wear-resistant layer can also protect and fix the fiber support layer very well, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the skin material.

The total thickness of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer is preferably 1-10 μm, more preferably 3-7 μm; if the coating is too thin, the wear-resistant effect will not be achieved, and if the coating is too thick, the wear resistance of the skin material will be reduced. Flexibility, which increases the areal density of the skin material, is also uneconomical. The coating method of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer may be gravure coating, dip coating, spray coating, etc., more preferably dip coating.

The fiber support layer of the present invention is preferably one of glass fibers, polyarylate fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, nylon fibers, polyimide fibers, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers . In order to ensure the strength requirements of the skin material, the geometric shape of the mesh fiber can be quadrilateral, triangular, pentagonal, or hexagonal, among which quadrilateral is preferred. The fiber material is processed and woven into a side length of 3-25 mm, and the surface density is controlled at 1. ~15 g/m ² . If the weight of mesh fibers is too low, the strength is not enough. If the weight is too high, the surface density of the skin material will be increased.

The base film of the present invention can be selected from ordinary plastic films, specifically including PET films, PBT films, PEN films, PI films, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer films, polyvinylidene fluoride films, polyvinyl fluoride films, and polychlorotrifluoroethylene films. One of the films, preferably PET film, PI film, and PEN film; the thickness of the base film is 5-25 μm, if it is too thick, it will increase the surface density of the skin material and affect the payload of the solar drone; if it is too thin, It will affect the strength performance of the skin material.

The adhesive layer of the present invention can be selected from polyurethane adhesives, polyester adhesives and acrylic adhesives with strong cohesiveness and excellent creep properties, preferably polyurethane adhesives. The thickness of the adhesive layer is controlled at 2-10 μm. If the thickness is too thin, the adhesive force will be poor, and if the thickness is too thick, the surface density of the skin material will be increased.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the following examples.

Example 1

Preparation of coating solution for wear-resistant layer:

At room temperature, without ultraviolet light and sunlight, and under the conditions of relative air humidity less than 60%, add each component to the container and mix and stir for 15 minutes to obtain 115g of stock solution, then add 1035g of methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a wear-resistant product with a solid content of 10%. Coating solution A1.

Preparation of skin material:

One side of the 12 μm PET substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Vectran mesh fibers with an area density of 15 g/m ² and a side length of 3 mm×3 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The composite semi-finished product F1 is dip-coated into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A1, coated with the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cured by ultraviolet light. The total of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer With a thickness of 1 μm, a skin material was obtained.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Performance test, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 2

Preparation of coating solution for wear-resistant layer:

The types and addition ratios of each component are the same as in Example 1, and 230 g of stock solution is prepared, and then 525.7 g of butyl acetate and 394.3 g of methyl ethyl ketone are added to obtain a wear-resistant coating solution A2 with a solid content of 20%.

Preparation of skin material:

One side of the 12 μm PET substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Vectran mesh fibers with an area density of 15 g/m ² and a side length of 3 mm×3 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The composite semi-finished product F1 is dip-coated into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A2, coated with the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cured by ultraviolet light. The total of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer With a thickness of 3 μm, a skin material was obtained.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Performance test, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 3

Preparation of coating solution for wear-resistant layer:

The types and addition ratios of each component were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 287.5 g of the stock solution, and then 479.1 g of butyl acetate and 383.4 g of methyl ethyl ketone were added to obtain a wear-resistant coating solution A3 with a solid content of 25%.

Preparation of skin material:

One side of the 12 μm PET substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Vectran mesh fibers with an area density of 15 g/m ² and a side length of 3 mm×3 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The composite semi-finished product F1 is dip-coated into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A3, coated with the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cured by ultraviolet light. The total of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer With a thickness of 4 μm, a skin material was obtained.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Performance test, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 4

Preparation of coating solution for wear-resistant layer:

The types and addition ratios of each component were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 345g of the stock solution, and then 447.2g of butyl acetate and 357.8g of methyl ethyl ketone were added to obtain the wear-resistant coating solution A4 with a solid content of 30%.

Preparation of skin material:

One side of the 12 μm PET substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Vectran mesh fibers with an area density of 15 g/m ² and a side length of 3 mm×3 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The composite semi-finished product F1 is dip-coated into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A4, coated with the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cured by ultraviolet light. The total of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer With a thickness of 5 μm, a skin material was obtained.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Performance test, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 5

Preparation of coating solution for wear-resistant layer:

The types and addition ratios of each component were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 287.5 g of stock solution, and then 690 g of butyl acetate and a solvent were added to obtain wear-resistant coating solution A4 with a solid content of 40%.

Preparation of skin material:

One side of the 12 μm PET substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Vectran mesh fibers with an area density of 15 g/m ² and a side length of 3 mm×3 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The composite semi-finished product F1 is dip-coated into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A4, coated with the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cured by ultraviolet light. The total of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer With a thickness of 7 μm, a skin material was obtained.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Performance test, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 6

Preparation of coating solution for wear-resistant layer:

The type and addition ratio of each component were the same as in Example 1 to obtain 575g of the stock solution, and then 575g of butyl acetate was added to obtain the wear-resistant coating solution A5 with a solid content of 50%.

Preparation of skin material:

One side of the 12 μm PET substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Vectran mesh fibers with an area density of 15 g/m ² and a side length of 3 mm×3 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The composite semi-finished product F1 is dip-coated into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A5, coated with the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cured by ultraviolet light. The total of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer With a thickness of 10 μm, a skin material was obtained.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Performance test, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 7

The preparation method of the coating solution for the wear-resistant layer is the same as in Example 3.

Preparation of skin material:

The 12 μm PI substrate 2 is coated with a 5 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with the fiber support layer 4 of glass mesh fibers with an area density of 12.5 g/m ² and a side length of 5 mm×5 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The composite semi-finished product F1 is dip-coated into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A3, coated with the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cured by ultraviolet light. The total of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer With a thickness of 4 μm, a skin material was obtained.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 8

The preparation method of the coating solution for the wear-resistant layer is the same as in Example 3.

Preparation of skin material:

9μm PET substrate is coated with 6μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, after drying, it is combined with the fiber support layer of Vectran grid fiber with surface density 15g/m ² and side length 3mm×3mm to obtain semi-finished product F1

Dip-coat the composite semi-finished product F1 into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A3, coat the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, UV curing, the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer The total thickness was 4 μm, resulting in a skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 9

The preparation method of the coating solution for the wear-resistant layer is the same as in Example 2.

Preparation of skin material:

The 9μm PEN substrate is coated with a 6μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Kevlar mesh fibers with an area density of 8g/m ² and a side length of 10mm×10mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

Dip-coat the composite semi-finished product F1 into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A2 to coat the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, UV curing, the total thickness of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer 3 μm to obtain a skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 10

The preparation method of the coating liquid of wear-resistant layer is the same as embodiment 2

Preparation of skin material:

A 25 μm PET substrate 2 is coated with a 2 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer 3, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber grid with an area density of 1.5 g/m ² and a side length of 25 mm×25 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1 .

Dip-coat the composite semi-finished product F1 into the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A2, coat the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cure with ultraviolet light. The total thickness of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer is 3 μm to obtain the skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Example 11

The preparation method of the coating liquid of wear-resistant layer is the same as embodiment 5

Preparation of skin material

A 6 μm PET substrate is coated with a 6 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of 15 g/m ² Vectran mesh fibers with a side length of 3 mm×3 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

Dip the composite semi-finished product F1 into the above wear-resistant coating solution, coat the first wear-resistant coating and the second wear-resistant coating, and cure with ultraviolet light. The total thickness of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer is 7 μm , to get the skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Comparative example 1

A 12 μm PET substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of Vectran mesh fibers with an area density of 10.5 g/m ² and a side length of 5 mm×5 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The surface of the base film of the compounded semi-finished product F1 was coated with the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating solution A2, and the first wear-resistant layer was coated by gravure, and cured by ultraviolet light. The thickness of the wear-resistant layer was 2 μm to obtain a skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Comparative example 2

The 12 μm PI substrate is coated with a 6 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of glass mesh fibers with an area density of 12.5 g/m ² and a side length of 5 mm×5 mm to obtain a skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Comparative example 3

The 12 μm PET substrate 2 is coated with a 3 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and after drying, it is compounded with a fiber support layer of glass mesh fibers with an area density of 12.5 g/m ² and a side length of 5 mm×5 mm to obtain a semi-finished product F1.

The surface of the 12 μm PET base material is coated with a 3 μm thick polyurethane adhesive, and compounded with the surface of the fiber support layer of the semi-finished product F1 to obtain a skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. Comparative example 4

The 12 μm PI substrate is coated with a 4 μm thick polyurethane adhesive layer, and compounded with 12 μm PET to obtain a skin material.

Curing the skin material at 55°C for 60h. Test performance, the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Table 1 Summary of performance test results of skin materials

a Wear-resistant layer test surface is the first wear-resistant layer.

Table 2 Summary of performance test results of skin materials after ultraviolet radiation aging

a Wear-resistant layer test surface is the first wear-resistant layer.

As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the performance test results in Examples 1 to 11 show that after using the acrylate-modified wear-resistant coating solution of the present invention, the wear resistance, antistatic performance and ultraviolet radiation resistance of the skin material Both have been significantly improved, and have a low surface density, which is suitable as a wing skin material for solar drones. In comparative example 1, the wing skin material only has the first wear-resistant layer, and the second wear-resistant layer is not added to the fiber support layer, and its tensile strength decreases significantly after being resistant to ultraviolet radiation; in comparative examples 2-4, the skin material has no Adding a wear-resistant layer, its wear resistance and ultraviolet radiation resistance are poor; in Comparative Example 4, no fiber support layer is added, and the tear resistance of the skin material is obviously poor.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes; Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

The detection method of the wing skin material performance prepared in the above-mentioned implementation and comparative examples:

1. Test of surface density of skin material

The areal density test is based on GB/T 4669-2008 "Determination of the mass per unit length and mass per unit area of textile woven fabrics".

2. Testing of wear resistance of skin materials

Use No. 0000 steel wool with a force of 100g/ ^m2 to rub back and forth on the surface of the wear-resistant layer, observe the scratches on the surface of the wear-resistant layer, and mark it with the maximum number of frictions without scratches, according to the standard HG/T4303-2012 "Test method for abrasion resistance of surface hardened polyester film".

3. Test of tensile strength of skin material

Tensile strength test is based on GB/T 1040.4-2006 "Determination of tensile properties of plastics Part 4: Test conditions for isotropic and orthotropic fiber-reinforced composite materials" (tensile strength test speed: 50mm/min) .

4. Test of tear strength of skin material

Tear strength test is based on HGT 2581.1-2009 "Determination of Tear Resistance of Rubber or Plastic Coated Fabric Part 1: Constant Speed Tear Method".

5. UV aging resistance test of skin material

Cut the prepared wing skin material into A4 size samples, set the ultraviolet radiation energy to 76mJ/cm ² in the UV aging box, and continue the irradiation time for 8h, take it out and carry out related performance tests.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material, it is characterized in that, described skin material is successively made of first wear-resistant layer (1), base film layer (2), adhesive layer ( 3), the fiber support layer (4), the second wear-resistant layer (5); the first wear-resistant layer (1) and the second wear-resistant layer (5) are coating liquid coating, drying, curing formed coating. 2. according to the described solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the composition and the mass fraction of the coating liquid of the wear-resistant layer of described skin material are: Acrylate compound 10-60; Oligomers containing hydroxyl or amino groups 30-80; Photoinitiator 0.04～11.2; Coupling agent 0.2～4.2; Antistatic agent 0.04~4.2; Non-conductive inorganic nanoparticles 0.4-42; Antioxidant 0.04～1.12; UV absorber 0.08～4.2. 3. according to the described skin material of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fiber support layer is glass fiber, Vectran fiber, carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, nylon fiber, polyimide fiber, PBO fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene A type of fiber. 4. The skin material according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fiber support layer is a fiber grid structure with a surface density of 1 to 15 g/m ² ; the base film layer is a plastic film with a thickness of 5 to 25 μm ; The adhesive layer is a coating with a thickness of 2-10 μm, and the total thickness of the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer is a coating with a thickness of 1-10 μm. 5. according to the described skin material of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described acrylate compound is methacrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester, acrylamide, dimethacrylate-1,6-hexanediol ester, 1,6-Hexanediol Diacrylate, Ethylene Glycol Diacrylate, Triethylene Glycol Diacrylate, Tripropylene Glycol Diacrylate, p-Neopentyl Glycol Diacrylate, Trihydroxymethylpropane Triacrylate, One or more of trimethylolpentane trimethacrylate and trimethylolpropane pentaerythritol triacrylate. 6. The skin material according to claim 2, characterized in that, the oligomers containing hydroxyl or amino groups are polyurethane acrylic acid, aminoacetic acid acrylates, epoxy acrylates, silicone acrylates, multi-component One or more of alcohol acrylates. 7. according to the described skin material of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described photoinitiator is 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide (TPO), 2,2-dimethoxy Base-2-phenylacetophenone (BDMK), 2-isopropylthioxanthone (ITX), 2-hydroxymethylphenylpropane-1-one, benzoin dimethyl ether, 1-hydroxycyclohexylbenzene One or more of base ketone, 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholino-1-propanone. 8. according to the described skin material of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described coupling agent is tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), γ-(2, 3-Glycidoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH560), γ-(Methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), Vinyltriethoxysilane (A151), Vinyl One or more of trimethoxysilane (A171). 9. according to the described skin material of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described antistatic agent is the composite type antistatic agent that is made up of conductive polymer and conductive nanoparticle, and the mass ratio of conductive polymer and conductive nanoparticle is 1/1 to 5/1, the conductive polymer is one or more of polyaniline, thiophene polymer, and perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid polymer, and the conductive nanoparticles are tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), doped One or more of antimony tin oxide (ATO), carbon nanotubes, graphene or nano silver. 10. A method for preparing a solar unmanned aerial vehicle wing skin material as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the preparation is carried out as follows: a. Coating an adhesive layer (3) on one side surface of the base film layer (2), drying, and compounding the adhesive layer and the fiber support layer (4) to obtain a semi-finished product F1; b. The obtained semi-finished product F1 is coated with the first wear-resistant layer (1) and the second wear-resistant layer (5) by dip coating at the same time, and dried to obtain the solar drone wing skin material.