CN107498857A - A kind of worktable lifting formula 3D printer - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of worktable lifting formula 3D printer, two-part dividing plate will be divided into by being provided with frame inside it, and slided up and down respectively in this two parts and be provided with storage bin and forming bin, storage bin and forming bin form workbench, storage bin and forming bin are each attached on the closed loop of steel wire rope formation, closed loop is set around some directive wheels, and drives storage bin and forming bin to move round about simultaneously by closed loop by Z-direction power transmission shaft；The top of frame is provided with support frame, and control printhead planar X-direction and the mechanism of Y-direction motion are provided with support frame.The workbench of the present invention is made up of storage bin and forming bin, and the closed loop that both are formed by steel wire rope moves round about simultaneously, not only eliminate backlass, and, by setting material scraping plate by the printing powder materials scraping delivery in storage bin into forming bin, moreover it is possible to which the waste material for solving the problems, such as to run into during common 3D printer powdering is difficult to recovery.

Description

A workbench lifting type 3D printer

technical field

The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a workbench lifting type 3D printer.

Background technique

3D printing technology was born in the United States in the 1980s, and there was a first wave of small climax immediately after that, and many 3D printing companies emerged in the United States soon; in 1984, Charles Hull began to develop 3D printing technology, and in 1986, he set up his own company. Founded the world's first 3D printing technology company and released the first commercial 3D printer in the same year. In 1988, Scott Crump invented the FDM hot-melt extrusion molding technology, and in 1989 established Stratasys, another 3D printing listed company, which sold the first commercial 3D printer in 1992.

my country began to study 3D printing technology in 1991. The name at that time was rapid prototyping technology, that is, the physical model before developing samples; specifically, there are several mature processes in the world, such as layered entity manufacturing LOM, stereolithography SL, melt extrusion Pressed FDM, laser sintering SLS, etc., are also being tracked and developed in China. Around 2000, these processes gradually transformed from laboratory research to engineering and productization. Because only prototypes are produced, not usable products, and the country does not pay much attention to product development, most of them are plagiarized, so rapid prototyping technology is slowly popularized in China's industrial field, and only dozens of rapid prototyping equipment are sold nationwide every year , Mainly used in vocational and technical training, colleges and universities and other education fields.

The 3D printer operator artificially sets the parameters required for 3D printing for the system. The parameters are pre-stored in the corresponding storage device or stored in the computer. The control system of the printer obtains the 3D model data from the storage device or the computer, and performs Corresponding analysis, slicing, and then path planning for the sliced 2D pictures, while establishing a reasonable support part, and finally the central control system automatically generates the control instructions required by the 3D printer according to the software settings, that is, the G code. The stepper motor driver on the control board receives the command to drive the corresponding stepper motor to drive the print head to work. The printing head starts to spin silk according to the principle of jogging to form a line, and the principle of line to form a surface to draw a 2D layer, and make a model layer by layer. Each movement of the z-axis is an artificially set distance, also known as Storey height. After the printing of the model is completed, follow-up work such as grinding, polishing, or coloring is required.

3D printing technology has achieved explosive rapid development in recent years, especially in the field of desktop 3D printing. Many 3D printing enthusiasts at home and abroad can use 3D printers to quickly manufacture their own designs, improved parts or other novel works at low cost. 3D printing has another advantage: its layer-by-layer additive The manufacturing method perfectly solves the restrictive conditions of mold opening and greatly releases the designer's imagination.

Existing 3D printers generally have a printing platform and a printing head on it, and the printing head moves on three sets of guide rails perpendicular to each other, so as to complete the printing work at any point in the plane and on the height.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a workbench lifting type 3D printer. The workbench is composed of a storage bin and a forming bin, and the closed loop formed by the wire rope moves in opposite directions at the same time, which not only eliminates the backlash, but also, By setting the scraper to scrape the printing powder in the storage bin to the forming bin, it can also solve the problem that the waste materials encountered in ordinary 3D printer powder laying are difficult to recycle.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to realize the above-mentioned invention object is: a workbench lifting type 3D printer, including a frame supported by outriggers, and a partition that divides the inside of the frame into two parts is arranged in the frame. The storage bin and the forming bin are respectively sliding up and down in these two parts. The storage bin and the forming bin constitute a workbench. Both the storage bin and the forming bin are fixed on a closed-loop circuit formed by a steel wire rope. The closed-loop loop is set around several guide wheels. And the Z-direction transmission shaft drives the storage bin and the forming bin to move in opposite directions at the same time through the closed-loop circuit; the upper part of the frame is provided with a support frame, and the two sides of the support frame are symmetrically provided with Y-direction transmission guide rails. The Y-direction sliding frame is slidingly arranged on the Y-direction transmission rail. The Y-direction sliding frame is driven by the two Y-direction transmission shafts arranged at both ends of the Y-direction transmission rail through the belt to move back and forth along the Y-direction transmission rail. The bottom of the Y-direction sliding frame A scraper plate is installed to scrape the printing powder in the storage bin to the forming bin; the Y-direction sliding frame is provided with an X-direction transmission guide rail perpendicular to the Y-direction transmission guide rail, and the X-direction transmission guide rail is slidingly provided with a bottom Install the X-direction slider of the print head.

In the present invention, the X-direction transmission guide rail is a screw driven by a stepping motor;

Alternatively, the X-direction sliding block is driven by a stepping motor through a wire rope to reciprocate along the X-direction transmission guide rail;

In the present invention, one of the two Y-direction transmission shafts is a driving shaft connected with a stepping motor, and the other is a driven shaft, and the two Y-direction transmission shafts form a belt transmission mechanism through a belt between them, and The two sides of the Y-direction sliding frame are fixedly connected with the belt, so that it reciprocates along the Y-direction transmission guide rail with the belt; the Z-direction transmission shaft is driven by a stepping motor to rotate forward and backward.

In the present invention, the Z-direction transmission shaft 7 drives the storage bin and the forming bin to move in opposite directions at the same time through a closed-loop circuit means that when the Z-direction transmission shaft rotates, the storage bin and the forming bin move upward and downward respectively, And the movement distance is the same.

In the present invention, the printing head installed at the bottom of the X-direction sliding block sprays colloid or emits laser light to bond or sinter the printing powder scraped by the scraper to the molding chamber.

In the present invention, the scraper plate includes a vertical plate perpendicular to the Y-direction transmission guide rail. The side of the vertical plate facing the storage bin is arc-shaped. The lower material storage plate, the free end of the material storage plate is an inclined downward slope, and the two sides of the vertical plate and the material storage plate cooperate with the side wall of the frame to form a semi-enclosed scraping space.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the storage bin and the forming bin constituting the workbench are on both sides respectively, and after the 3D printer receives instructions from the computer, the Y-direction drive shaft drives the Y-direction sliding frame to move from above the storage bin to the Above the forming chamber, there is a scraper plate installed at the bottom of the Y-direction sliding frame. During this process, the scraper board scrapes the printing powder in the storage chamber into the forming chamber, and then the Y-direction transmission is controlled by computer instructions. shaft and X-direction transmission guide rail, so as to drive the X-direction sliding block and the print head to move in the plane to complete the printing of each layer; when a layer is printed, the computer sends instructions to control the movement of the Z-direction transmission shaft to drive the storage bin and The forming chamber rises and falls synchronously to print the next layer; in the present invention, the printing head ejects colloid or emits laser light during printing, so that the printing powder scraped by the scraper into the forming chamber is bonded or sintered into a pattern, Powders that do not stick or sinter are loose powders that later fall off on their own for reuse.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1) The present invention uses wire rope traction to drive the storage bin and the forming bin to move in opposite directions at the same time, and uses a belt and a Y-direction drive shaft to drive the print head to move in the Y direction, which can eliminate the backlash; the results of the backlash experiment: Y After walking one step forward in the direction, then walking backward, the backlash can be judged by comparing the two displacements before and after. When the displacement of one step forward in the Y direction is 0.021mm, the displacement of returning is 0.020mm. There is a gap of 0.001mm here, but when walking continuously, the repeat positioning accuracy is basically error-free. After walking 150 steps continuously, and then walking 150 steps in the opposite direction, the displacement is basically zero. The backlash in the X and Z directions is basically eliminated similar to the Y direction. The resolution of the experimental device in the Y direction reaches 0.018mm, the resolution in the X direction reaches 0.019mm, the resolution in the Z direction reaches 0.018mm, and the backlash is basically eliminated;

2) The invention divides the printed workbench into a storage bin and a forming bin, and adopts wire rope traction to drive the two to move in opposite directions at the same time. When forming, the storage bin gradually rises, and at the same time, due to the action of the steel wire, the forming bin drops synchronously to a certain extent. Height, and the height of the storage bin gradually rises to the same height as the lowering height of the forming bin, and then the scraper starts to scrape the material, so that it will not cause various problems encountered by ordinary powder spreading mechanisms, such as the congenital problem that waste is difficult to recycle, At the same time, because the weight of the linkage of the two plates cancels each other out, the load of the motor is greatly reduced;

3) The present invention simplifies the powder spreading mechanism of the existing printer into a scraper plate, which forms a semi-enclosed space with the box walls 1 mm higher on both sides, and scrapes the powder from the storage bin to the Form the bin and pave and compact it.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of scraper plate of the present invention;

Reference signs: 1, body, 101, partition, 102, storage bin, 103, forming bin, 2, fixed frame, 201, Y-direction transmission guide rail, 202, Y-direction transmission shaft, 3, Y-direction sliding frame, 4. X-direction transmission guide rail, 5. X-direction sliding block, 6. scraper plate, 601, vertical plate, 602, stock plate, 7. Z-direction transmission shaft, 8. supporting leg, 9. guide wheel, 10. closed loop.

detailed description

As shown in the figure, a workbench lifting type 3D printer includes a frame 1 supported by legs 8. A partition 101 is arranged inside the frame 1 to divide its interior into two parts. A storage bin 102 and a forming bin 103 are arranged sliding up and down. The storage bin 102 and the forming bin 103 constitute a workbench. Both the storage bin 102 and the forming bin 103 are fixed on the closed-loop circuit 10 formed by the wire rope. The wheel 9 is set, and the Z-direction transmission shaft 7 drives the storage bin 102 and the forming bin 103 to move in opposite directions at the same time through the closed loop circuit 10; The Y-direction transmission guide rails 201 are arranged symmetrically, and the Y-direction carriage 3 is slidably arranged on the two Y-direction transmission guide rails 201. The Y-direction carriage 3 is passed by two Y-direction transmission shafts 202 arranged at both ends of the Y-direction transmission guide rails 201. The belt drives it to reciprocate along the Y-direction transmission guide rail 201. The bottom of the Y-direction sliding frame 3 is equipped with a scraper 6 that scrapes the printing powder in the storage bin 102 to the forming chamber 103; An X-direction transmission guide rail 4 perpendicular to the Y-direction transmission guide rail 201 is provided, and an X-direction sliding block 5 with a print head installed at the bottom is slidably arranged on the X-direction transmission guide rail 4;

The Z-direction transmission shaft 7 drives the storage bin 102 and the forming bin 103 to move in opposite directions at the same time through the closed-loop circuit 10, which means that when the Z-direction transmission shaft 7 rotates, the storage bin 102 and the forming bin 103 go up and down respectively. Exercise, and the exercise distance is the same.

The above is the basic implementation of the present invention, further optimization, improvement and limitation can be done on the basis of the above:

For example, the X-direction transmission guide rail 4 is a screw driven by a stepping motor;

Alternatively, the X-direction sliding block 5 is driven by a stepping motor through a wire rope to reciprocate along the X-direction transmission guide rail 4;

As another example, one of the two Y-direction transmission shafts 202 is a driving shaft connected with a stepping motor, and the other is a driven shaft, and the two Y-direction transmission shafts 202 form a belt transmission mechanism through a belt between the two, And both sides of the Y-direction sliding frame 3 are fixedly connected with the belt, so that it reciprocates with the belt along the Y-direction transmission guide rail 201; the Z-direction transmission shaft 7 is driven by a stepping motor to rotate forward and backward;

For another example, the printing head installed at the bottom of the X-direction sliding block 5 sprays colloid or emits laser light, so as to bond or sinter the printing powder scraped by the scraper 6 into the molding chamber 103;

Finally, the scraper 6 includes a vertical plate 601 perpendicular to the Y-direction transmission guide rail 201. The side of the vertical plate 601 facing the storage bin 102 is arc-shaped, and the bottom end of the vertical plate 601 is provided with a One side and inclined downward storage plate 602, the free end of the storage plate 602 is an inclined downward slope, the two sides of the vertical plate 601 and the storage plate 602 cooperate with the side wall of the frame 1 to form a semi-closed scraper space.

Claims (7)

1. A workbench lifting type 3D printer, comprising a frame (1) supported by outriggers (8), characterized in that: the frame (1) is provided with a partition (101) that divides its interior into two parts ), and the storage bin (102) and the forming bin (103) are respectively slid up and down in these two parts. The bins (103) are all fixed on the closed-loop circuit (10) formed by the steel wire rope. The closed-loop circuit (10) is set around several guide wheels (9), and the Z-direction transmission shaft (7) drives the storage bin through the closed-loop circuit (10). (102) and the forming chamber (103) move in opposite directions at the same time; the upper part of the frame (1) is provided with a support frame (2), and the two sides of the support frame (2) are symmetrically provided with Y-direction transmission guide rails (201 ), on the two Y-direction transmission rails (201), a Y-direction carriage (3) is slidably arranged, and the Y-direction carriage (3) is composed of two Y-direction transmission shafts ( 202) Drive it to reciprocate along the Y-direction transmission guide rail (201) through the belt, and the bottom of the Y-direction sliding frame (3) is installed to scrape the printing powder in the storage bin (102) to the molding bin (103) The scraper (6); the Y-direction sliding frame (3) is provided with the X-direction transmission guide rail (4) perpendicular to the Y-direction transmission guide rail (201), and the X-direction transmission guide rail (4) is slidingly provided with a bottom-mounted print head X slider (5). 2. A workbench lift type 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the X-direction transmission guide rail (4) is a screw driven by a stepping motor to rotate. 3. The workbench lifting type 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the X-direction sliding block (5) is driven by a stepping motor through a wire rope to reciprocate along the X-direction transmission guide rail (4). 4. A workbench lift type 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: one of the two Y-direction transmission shafts (202) is a driving shaft connected to a stepping motor, and the other is a slave shaft The moving shaft, two Y-direction transmission shafts (202) form a belt transmission mechanism through the belt between the two, and the two sides of the Y-direction sliding frame (3) are fixedly connected with the belt, so that it can be driven along the Y-direction guide rail (201 ) reciprocating motion; the Z-direction transmission shaft (7) is driven by a stepping motor to rotate forward and backward. 5. The workbench lifting type 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Z-direction transmission shaft (7) drives the storage bin (102) and the forming bin (103) through the closed loop circuit (10) Simultaneously moving in opposite directions means that when the transmission shaft (7) rotates in the Z direction, the storage bin (102) and the forming bin (103) move up and down respectively, and the moving distance is the same. 6. A workbench lift type 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the printing head installed at the bottom of the X-direction sliding block (5) sprays colloid or emits laser light to control the scraper (6) The printing powder material scraped into the molding chamber (103) is bonded or sintered. 7. A workbench lift type 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the scraper (6) includes a vertical plate (601) perpendicular to the Y-direction transmission guide rail (201), the vertical plate The side of the board (601) facing the storage bin (102) is arc-shaped, and the bottom end of the vertical board (601) is provided with a storage board (602) facing the side of the forming bin (103) and inclined downwards. The free end of the plate (602) is an inclined downward slope, and the two sides of the vertical plate (601) and the storage plate (602) cooperate with the side wall of the frame (1) to form a semi-enclosed scraping space.