CN107497771A - 一种变压器事故油池含油卵石的处理方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/046—Salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
- C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/008—Polymeric surface-active agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种变压器事故油池含油卵石的处理方法，包括步骤有：(1)配置微乳液型清洗剂：将APG1214和平平加30按照质量比为8:2至6:4的比例制成复配非离子表面活性剂，然后加入NaCl盐水，再加入助表面活性剂正丁醇，得到复配表面活性剂含量为10‑20wt％，助表面活性剂含量为2.5‑5wt％，余量为5wt％NaCl盐水的微乳液型清洗剂；(2)将清洗剂按照3:1的质量比例加入到含油卵石中搅拌充分；(3)将清洗后的洗液排出，固液分离，离心后上层油相回收利用。本发明方法的清洗剂长期稳定性，清洗工艺简单易行，设备、材料成本较低，有很大的社会价值和经济价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于含油固体废弃物处理技术领域，涉及变压器事故油池含油卵石处理，特别是一种变压器事故油池含油卵石的处理方法。
背景技术
含油固体废弃物是石油产品在开发、储运过程中产生的一种废弃物，已经被列入国家危险品名录。不同于废水废气，含油固体废弃物降解时间长，往往是土壤、水源、大气的污染源头。在发变电领域，变压器下一般设计含有大量卵石的事故油池，当发生漏油事故后事故油池中的卵石被变压器油浸泡，形成了大量的含油固体废弃物。
微乳液是由表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油和水组成的热力学稳定体系，具有极低的界面张力和较强的增溶能力，可以用于清洗含油固体废弃物，将油相从卵石等固体中剥离下来。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，提出一种变压器事故油池含油卵石处理方法。
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：
一种变压器事故油池含油卵石的处理方法，包括步骤如下：
(1)配置微乳液型清洗剂：将非离子表面活性剂APG1214和非离子表面活性剂平平加30按照质量比为8:2至6:4的比例制成复配表面活性剂，然后将复配表面活性剂称重加入NaCl盐水，搅拌制成表面活性剂水溶液，然后再加入助表面活性剂正丁醇，搅拌至均一透明，最终得到复配表面活性剂含量为10-20wt％，助表面活性剂含量为2.5-5wt％，余量为5wt％NaCl盐水的微乳液型清洗剂；
(2)清洗含油卵石：将(1)步中制成的清洗剂按照清洗剂:含油卵石为3:1的质量比例加入到含油卵石中，搅拌充分；
(3)固液分离：将(2)步中清洗后的洗液排出，固液分离，再将洗液进行离心分离，离心后上层油相回收利用。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
1、本发明提供了一种处理含油卵石的方法，非离子表面活性剂制备的微乳液型洗剂，具有超低的界面张力和较强的增溶能力，可以将油相从事故油池中的含油卵石上剥离下来，使事故油池中的卵石能够再次利用。同时，将清洗后的洗液回收，离心分离促进其分相，回收上层油相。
2、本发明洗液配置方法简单，具有长期稳定性，方便储存和运输。
3、本发明清洗工艺简单易行，设备、材料成本较低，有很大的社会价值和经济价值。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的含油卵石的清洗流程图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明实例做进一步详述：需要强调的是，本发明所述的实施例是说明性的，而不是限定性的，因此本发明并不限于具体实施方式中所述的实施例，凡是由本领域技术人员根据本发明的技术方案得出的其它实施方式，同样属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
(1)以100重量份计，取10份非离子表面活性剂，10份非离子表面活性剂由APG1214和平平加30按7:3的比例混合而成，2.5份助表面活性剂正丁醇，再加入87.5份NaCl含量为5wt％的盐水，在室温下搅拌均匀，得到微乳液型清洗剂；
(2)将步骤(1)制成的清洗剂取6kg加入到2kg的含油卵石中，机械搅拌清洗剂60min。
(3)将清洗后的卵石取出，用红外侧油仪测量其含油率；将清洗液离心分离，分离其上层油相。
| 清洗前含油率 | 清洗后含油率 | 变压器油回收率 |
| 16％ | 1.9％ | 81％ |
实施例2
(1)100重量份计，取20份非离子表面活性剂，20份非离子表面活性剂由APG1214和平平加30按8:2的比例混合而成，5份助表面活性剂正丁醇，再加入75份NaCl含量为5wt％的盐水，在室温下搅拌均匀，得到微乳液型清洗剂；
(2)将步骤(1)制成的清洗剂取6.9kg加入到2.3kg的含油卵石中，机械搅拌清洗剂60min。
(3)将清洗后的卵石取出，用红外侧油仪测量其含油率；将清洗液离心分离，分离其上层油相。
| 清洗前含油率 | 清洗后含油率 | 变压器油回收率 |
| 16％ | 1.6％ | 84％ |
实施例3
(1)以100重量份计，取16份非离子表面活性剂，16份非离子表面活性剂由APG1214和平平加30按6:4的比例混合而成，4份助表面活性剂正丁醇，再加入80份NaCl含量为5wt％的盐水，室温下搅拌均匀，得到微乳液型清洗剂；
(2)将步骤(1)制成的清洗剂取5.4kg加入到1.8kg的含油卵石中，机械搅拌清洗剂60min。
(3)将清洗后的卵石取出，用红外侧油仪测量其含油率；将清洗液离心分离，分离其上层油相。
Claims (1)
1.一种变压器事故油池含油卵石的处理方法，其特征在于包括步骤如下：
(1)配置微乳液型清洗剂：将非离子表面活性剂APG1214和非离子表面活性剂平平加30按照质量比为8:2至6:4的比例制成复配表面活性剂，然后将复配表面活性剂称重加入NaCl盐水，搅拌制成表面活性剂水溶液，然后再加入助表面活性剂正丁醇，搅拌至均一透明，最终得到复配表面活性剂含量为10-20wt％，助表面活性剂含量为2.5-5wt％，余量为5wt％NaCl盐水的微乳液型清洗剂；
(2)清洗含油卵石：将(1)步中制成的清洗剂按照清洗剂:含油卵石为3:1的质量比例加入到含油卵石中，搅拌充分；
(3)固液分离：将(2)步中清洗后的洗液排出，固液分离，再将洗液进行离心分离，离心后上层油相回收利用。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109354368A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-19 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | 一种变电站事故油池含油污泥处理方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09150146A (ja) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Japan Raito Service Kk | グリーストラップ内の油性分処理方法とその装置 |
| CN103113009A (zh) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种可循环的含油污泥资源化处理洗液及处理方法 |
| CN103484276A (zh) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 山东大学 | 一种微乳液型油污清洗剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105062433A (zh) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 山东大学 | 一种适用于清除储层损害的微乳液及其制备方法 |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09150146A (ja) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Japan Raito Service Kk | グリーストラップ内の油性分処理方法とその装置 |
| CN103113009A (zh) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种可循环的含油污泥资源化处理洗液及处理方法 |
| CN103484276A (zh) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 山东大学 | 一种微乳液型油污清洗剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105062433A (zh) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 山东大学 | 一种适用于清除储层损害的微乳液及其制备方法 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109354368A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-19 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | 一种变电站事故油池含油污泥处理方法 |
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Application publication date: 20171222 |