CN107458210A - A kind of integrated electronic wheel system based on shunt field composite excitation structure - Google Patents
A kind of integrated electronic wheel system based on shunt field composite excitation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107458210A CN107458210A CN201710575853.1A CN201710575853A CN107458210A CN 107458210 A CN107458210 A CN 107458210A CN 201710575853 A CN201710575853 A CN 201710575853A CN 107458210 A CN107458210 A CN 107458210A
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
- B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/065—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于磁分路式混合励磁结构的一体化集成电动轮系统，包括电枢绕组、导磁体及其延伸部分、励磁绕组、制动器、行星机构、轮辋等结构。所述轮辋通过轴承支撑在电机支撑轴上，同时通过螺栓与行星架相连，并随之转动。电机外壳固定在电机支撑轴上，电枢铁芯和电枢绕组固定在与电机外壳固连的定子上，而励磁绕组固定在固定环形导磁桥上，后者固连在电机外壳上，导磁体紧贴在转子上的永磁体。行星机构的太阳轮固定在转子支架上，齿圈固定在电机外壳上，行星轮支撑在行星架上。制动盘与行星架相连，并随之转动，制动器的制动钳固定在电机外壳上。此系统不仅结构简单紧凑、集成度高，且具有功率密度高、磁场可调节及转矩质量比大等优点。
The invention discloses an integrated electric wheel system based on a magnetic shunt type hybrid excitation structure, including armature windings, magnetizers and their extensions, excitation windings, brakes, planetary mechanisms, wheel rims and other structures. The rim is supported on the motor support shaft through bearings, and at the same time is connected with the planet carrier through bolts, and rotates accordingly. The motor casing is fixed on the motor support shaft, the armature core and armature winding are fixed on the stator which is fixedly connected with the motor casing, and the field winding is fixed on the fixed annular magnetic bridge, which is fixed on the motor casing and guides Magnet A permanent magnet attached to the rotor. The sun gear of the planetary mechanism is fixed on the rotor bracket, the ring gear is fixed on the motor casing, and the planetary gear is supported on the planet carrier. The brake disc is connected with the planet carrier and rotates accordingly, and the brake caliper of the brake is fixed on the motor housing. This system not only has a simple and compact structure, high integration, but also has the advantages of high power density, adjustable magnetic field, and large torque-to-mass ratio.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种电动汽车驱动系统，尤其涉及一种分布式轮毂驱动系统,具体是一种基于磁分路式混合励磁结构的一体化集成电动轮系统。The invention relates to an electric vehicle drive system, in particular to a distributed hub drive system, in particular to an integrated electric wheel system based on a magnetic shunt hybrid excitation structure.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，环境问题和能源危机让人们意识到保护环境和利用新能源的重要性。越来越多的新能源开始运用在汽车领域内，电动汽车逐渐步入人们的视野，其逐渐成为了绿色环保的交通工具。在诸多新能源技术中，轮毂驱动技术代表着电动汽车发展的先进研究方向。分布式轮毂驱动的优势在于有较高的集成度，车辆在布局方面可以利用更多的空间。但将轮毂电机、减速机构、制动器等零部件高度集成于车轮内，一方面受空间与运行环境的限制，同时又由于低速时所需的驱动扭矩很大，这就对驱动系统的转矩密度和功率密度提出了较高的要求。In recent years, environmental issues and energy crises have made people aware of the importance of protecting the environment and utilizing new energy sources. More and more new energy sources are used in the automotive field, and electric vehicles have gradually entered people's field of vision, and they have gradually become a green and environmentally friendly means of transportation. Among many new energy technologies, hub drive technology represents an advanced research direction for the development of electric vehicles. The advantage of distributed hub drive is that it has a higher degree of integration, and the vehicle can use more space in terms of layout. However, the high integration of in-wheel motors, reduction mechanisms, brakes and other components in the wheels is limited by the space and operating environment on the one hand, and at the same time due to the large driving torque required at low speeds, this has a great impact on the torque density of the drive system. and power density put forward higher requirements.
基于此，本发明提出了一种基于磁分路式混合励磁结构的一体化集成电动轮系统，其不仅结构简单紧凑、集成度高而且可以充分利用此驱动电机功率密度高、磁场可调节及转矩质量比大等优点，提高电动轮系统综合效能，满足车辆对低速大转矩等动力要求，改善车辆的经济性。Based on this, the present invention proposes an integrated electric wheel system based on a magnetic shunt hybrid excitation structure. It has the advantages of large torque-to-mass ratio, improves the comprehensive efficiency of the electric wheel system, meets the power requirements of the vehicle for low-speed and high-torque, and improves the economy of the vehicle.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对轮毂电机驱动系统，本发明的目的是为了提供一种基于磁分路式混合励磁结构的一体化集成电动轮系统，在充分利用轮毂内空间的情况下，合理布置驱动电机、制动器、行星机构等。For the wheel hub motor drive system, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated electric wheel system based on a magnetic shunt hybrid excitation structure, in the case of making full use of the inner space of the wheel hub, reasonably arrange the drive motor, brake, and planetary mechanism Wait.
本发明的目的通过如下技术方案实现：The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
该系统主要由电枢绕组、导磁体及其延伸部分、励磁绕组、环形导磁桥、转子支架、制动器、行星机构等构成。The system is mainly composed of armature winding, magnetizer and its extension, excitation winding, annular magnetic bridge, rotor bracket, brake, planetary mechanism and so on.
本发明针对磁分路式混合励磁一体化集成电动轮系统进行结构设计，在轮辋内布置上述驱动电机、行星机构及制动器等，使其能够满足车辆驱动系统的要求。此设计结构中，其轮胎安装在轮辋上，轮辋通过螺栓与行星架相连，并随之转动，同时通过轴承支撑在电机支撑轴上；驱动电机的电机外壳固定在电机支撑轴上，其定子部分包括电枢铁芯、电枢绕组、励磁绕组和固定环形导磁桥构成，转子部分由导磁体和永磁体构成，固定在转子上，转子支架通过轴承支撑在电机支撑轴上。其中电枢铁芯和电枢绕组固定在与电机外壳固连的定子上，而励磁绕组固定在固定环形导磁桥上，后者固连在电机外壳上。导磁体分为N极和S极，他们分别紧贴住转子上的N极永磁体和S极永磁体，并沿着轴向向一个方向延伸，N极导磁体呈喇叭状扩展，形成内径较大的N极环形导磁体， S极导磁体呈瓶颈状收缩，形成外径较小的S极环形导磁体。导磁体的延伸部分和环形导磁桥中间有附加的气隙。行星机构的太阳轮固定在转子支架上，并随之转动，齿圈固定在电机外壳上，行星轮支撑在行星架上。制动盘与行星架相连，并随之转动，制动器的制动钳固定在电机外壳上。The present invention is designed for the magnetic shunt hybrid excitation integrated integrated electric wheel system, and arranges the above-mentioned driving motor, planetary mechanism, brake, etc. in the wheel rim, so that it can meet the requirements of the vehicle driving system. In this design structure, the tire is mounted on the rim, and the rim is connected with the planet carrier through bolts, and rotates accordingly, and is supported on the motor support shaft through bearings; the motor casing of the driving motor is fixed on the motor support shaft, and the stator part It consists of armature iron core, armature winding, excitation winding and fixed annular magnetic bridge. The rotor part is composed of magnetic conductor and permanent magnet, which is fixed on the rotor. The rotor bracket is supported on the motor support shaft through bearings. The armature iron core and the armature winding are fixed on the stator which is fixedly connected with the motor casing, and the excitation winding is fixed on the fixed annular magnetic bridge which is fixedly connected with the motor casing. The magnetizers are divided into N poles and S poles, which respectively cling to the N pole permanent magnets and S pole permanent magnets on the rotor, and extend in one direction along the axial direction. The N pole magnetizers expand in the shape of a horn, forming a larger inner diameter The large N-pole annular magnetizer and the S-pole magnetizer shrink in a bottleneck shape to form an S-pole annular magnetizer with a smaller outer diameter. There is an additional air gap between the extension part of the magnetic conductor and the annular magnetic bridge. The sun gear of the planetary mechanism is fixed on the rotor bracket and rotates accordingly, the ring gear is fixed on the motor casing, and the planetary gear is supported on the planet carrier. The brake disc is connected with the planet carrier and rotates accordingly, and the brake caliper of the brake is fixed on the motor housing.
相对于现有技术，本发明具有如下优点和有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1)充分利用该驱动电机功率密度高、转矩质量比大等优点，满足车辆对低速大转矩等动力要求。(1) Make full use of the advantages of the drive motor, such as high power density and large torque-to-mass ratio, to meet the power requirements of the vehicle for low-speed and high-torque.
(2)一体化集成电动轮结构简单、易于布置，且结构紧凑。(2) The integrated electric wheel has a simple structure, is easy to arrange, and has a compact structure.
(3)磁分路式混合励磁结构的应用，可以通过调节磁场，使得电机可以在较宽区间内高效工作，使得驱动系统效率提高。(3) The application of the magnetic shunt hybrid excitation structure can make the motor work efficiently in a wide range by adjusting the magnetic field, so that the efficiency of the drive system can be improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是带有一级减速的结构示意图Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure with a one-stage deceleration
图2是无减速的结构示意图Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure without deceleration
图3是基于两端轴向磁分路切向磁钢结构的带有一级减速的轮毂电机结构示意图Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-wheel motor with a one-stage reduction based on the axial magnetic shunt at both ends and the tangential magnetic steel structure
图4是图3无减速机构的结构示意图Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the non-reduction mechanism in Figure 3
图中：1.轮胎；2.轮辋；3.电机外壳；4.制动钳；5.制动盘；6.螺栓；7. 挡圈；8.电机支撑轴；9.转子支架；10.太阳轮；11.行星轮；12.行星架；13. 齿圈；14.转子；15.永磁体；16.电枢绕组；17.定子；18.导磁体及其延伸部分；19.励磁绕组；20.环形导磁桥；21.转子N极极靴；22.转子S极极靴In the figure: 1. Tire; 2. Wheel rim; 3. Motor shell; 4. Brake caliper; 5. Brake disc; 6. Bolt; 7. Retaining ring; 8. Motor support shaft; 9. Rotor bracket; 10. Sun gear; 11. Planetary gear; 12. Planet carrier; 13. Ring gear; 14. Rotor; 15. Permanent magnet; 16. Armature winding; 17. Stator; 18. Magnetic conductor and its extension; 19. Excitation winding ;20. Annular magnetic bridge; 21. Rotor N pole shoe; 22. Rotor S pole shoe
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明做详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施实例1Implementation Example 1
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
如图1所示的一种基于磁分路式混合励磁结构的一体化集成电动轮系统，其结构主要包括电枢绕组16、导磁体及其延伸部分18、励磁绕组19、环形导磁桥20、转子支架9、制动器4、行星机构等。其轮胎1安装在轮辋2上，轮辋2 通过螺栓6与行星架12相连，并随之转动，同时通过轴承支撑在电机支撑轴8 上；驱动电机的电机外壳3固定在电机支撑轴8上，其定子部分包括电枢绕组 16、励磁绕组19和固定环形导磁桥20构成，转子部分由导磁体18和永磁体 15构成，固定在转子14上，转子支架9通过轴承支撑在电机支撑轴8上。其中电枢绕组16固定在与电机外壳3固连的定子17上，而励磁绕组19固定在固定环形导磁桥20上，后者固连在电机外壳3上。导磁体及其延伸部分18分为N 极和S极，他们分别紧贴住转子14上的N极永磁体15和S极永磁体15，并沿着轴向向一个方向延伸，N极导磁体18呈喇叭状扩展，形成内径较大的N极环形导磁体，S极导磁体18呈瓶颈状收缩，形成外径较小的S极环形导磁体。行星机构的太阳轮10固定在转子支架9上，并随之转动，齿圈13固定在电机外壳3上，行星轮11支撑在行星架12上，行星架12通过轴承支撑在转子支架9 上。制动盘5与行星架12相连，并随之转动，制动器的制动钳4固定在电机外壳3上。As shown in Figure 1, an integrated electric wheel system based on a magnetic shunt hybrid excitation structure, its structure mainly includes an armature winding 16, a magnetizer and its extension 18, an excitation winding 19, and a ring-shaped magnetic bridge 20 , Rotor bracket 9, brake 4, planetary mechanism, etc. Its tire 1 is installed on the rim 2, and the rim 2 is connected with the planet carrier 12 through the bolt 6, and rotates thereupon, and is supported on the motor support shaft 8 through the bearing at the same time; Its stator part consists of armature winding 16, field winding 19 and fixed annular magnetic bridge 20. The rotor part consists of magnetic conductor 18 and permanent magnet 15, which are fixed on the rotor 14. The rotor bracket 9 is supported on the motor support shaft 8 through bearings. superior. Wherein the armature winding 16 is fixed on the stator 17 which is fixedly connected with the motor casing 3 , and the field winding 19 is fixed on the fixed annular magnetic bridge 20 which is fixedly connected on the motor casing 3 . The magnet conductor and its extension 18 are divided into N pole and S pole, they are respectively close to the N pole permanent magnet 15 and the S pole permanent magnet 15 on the rotor 14, and extend in one direction along the axial direction, the N pole magnet conductor 18 expands in the shape of a trumpet to form an N-pole annular magnetizer with a larger inner diameter, and the S-pole magnetizer 18 shrinks in a bottleneck shape to form an S-pole annular magnetizer with a smaller outer diameter. The sun gear 10 of the planetary mechanism is fixed on the rotor bracket 9 and rotates accordingly, the ring gear 13 is fixed on the motor casing 3 , the planetary gear 11 is supported on the planet carrier 12 , and the planet carrier 12 is supported on the rotor bracket 9 through bearings. The brake disc 5 is connected with the planet carrier 12 and rotates therewith, and the brake caliper 4 of the brake is fixed on the motor housing 3 .
综上所述，通过合理布置结构，利用两种励磁源的相互作用以及行星机构的减速增扭，充分发挥电机的性能，使其工作在较宽的高效率区间内，满足车辆对低速大扭矩的要求，从而提高了车辆的动力性，改善了经济性。To sum up, by rationally arranging the structure, using the interaction of the two excitation sources and the deceleration and torque increase of the planetary mechanism, the performance of the motor can be fully utilized, so that it can work in a wide high-efficiency range and meet the requirements of the vehicle for low-speed high-torque requirements, thereby improving the power of the vehicle and improving the economy.
实施实例2Implementation Example 2
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于：由图2二可以得知，此结构下省去了行星机构，轮辋2直接通过螺栓6与转子支架相连接，即轮毂电机的动力直接通过转子支架9传递到轮辋2上，同时制动盘5也固定在转子支架9上，其他结构与实施例1相同，不予赘述。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: as can be seen from Figure 2 2, the planetary mechanism is omitted in this structure, and the rim 2 is directly connected to the rotor bracket through bolts 6, that is, the power of the hub motor directly passes through the rotor bracket 9 is transmitted to the rim 2, and the brake disc 5 is also fixed on the rotor bracket 9, and other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
实施实例3Implementation Example 3
本实施例是采用了两端轴向磁分路切向磁钢结构的电机。下面结合附图进行详细说明。This embodiment is a motor with a tangential magnetic steel structure with axial magnetic shunts at both ends. A detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图3所示的一种基于两端轴向磁分路切向磁钢结构的一体化集成电动轮系统，其结构主要包括电枢绕组16、励磁绕组19、转子S极极靴22、转子N极极靴21、转子支架9、制动器、行星机构等。其与实施例1不同之处在于此驱动电机的定子17及电枢绕组16固定在电机外壳3上，同时环形磁桥20固定在定子17上，其内部布置有励磁绕组19。转子部分有N极极靴21和S极极靴22 都固定在转子14上。其余结构部分与实施例1一致，不予赘述。As shown in Figure 3, an integrated electric wheel system based on the axial magnetic shunt and tangential magnetic steel structure at both ends, its structure mainly includes armature winding 16, field winding 19, rotor S pole shoe 22, rotor N pole shoe 21, rotor bracket 9, brake, planetary mechanism, etc. It differs from Embodiment 1 in that the stator 17 and armature winding 16 of the drive motor are fixed on the motor housing 3 , while the annular magnetic bridge 20 is fixed on the stator 17 , and an excitation winding 19 is arranged inside it. The rotor part has an N pole piece 21 and an S pole piece 22 fixed on the rotor 14 . The rest of the structure is consistent with that of Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here.
综上所述，通过合理的布局，充分发挥此驱动电机高功率密度，高电机效率，恒功率范围广且磁场可调的优势的同时，布置行星机构减速装置，使其能够更好满足车辆对低速大扭矩等动力性要求，改善车辆经济性。To sum up, through a reasonable layout, give full play to the advantages of high power density, high motor efficiency, wide constant power range and adjustable magnetic field of the drive motor, and at the same time arrange the planetary mechanism reduction device to better meet the requirements of the vehicle. Low-speed high-torque and other power requirements, improve vehicle economy.
实施实例4Implementation Example 4
本实施例与实施例3不同之处在于：由图4可知，此结构省去了行星机构减速装置，轮辋2直接通过螺栓6与转子支架相连接，即轮毂驱动电机的动力经转子支架9直接传递到轮辋2上，带动车轮旋转。同时制动盘5也固定在转子支架9上，其他结构与实施例3相同，不予赘述。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that, as can be seen from Fig. 4, the planetary mechanism deceleration device is omitted in this structure, and the rim 2 is directly connected with the rotor bracket through the bolt 6, that is, the power of the hub drive motor is directly connected to the rotor bracket 9. Transfer to the rim 2 to drive the wheel to rotate. At the same time, the brake disc 5 is also fixed on the rotor bracket 9, and other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 3, and will not be described in detail.
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