CN107448965A - A kind of Novel incineration furnace fume afterheat depth recovery and energy level lifting process system - Google Patents
A kind of Novel incineration furnace fume afterheat depth recovery and energy level lifting process system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107448965A CN107448965A CN201710574707.7A CN201710574707A CN107448965A CN 107448965 A CN107448965 A CN 107448965A CN 201710574707 A CN201710574707 A CN 201710574707A CN 107448965 A CN107448965 A CN 107448965A
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940059936 lithium bromide Drugs 0.000 claims 7
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统，包括高压热交换系统、溴化锂溶液循环系统和低温烟气换热系统，所述高压换热系统包括高压换热器、第二循环水泵和发生器，所述溴化锂溶液循环系统包括发生器、溶液交换器、吸收器、蒸发器、冷凝器、溴化锂溶液循环泵、溴化锂溶液节流装置以及冷剂水节流装置，所述低温烟气换热系统包括循环水加热用抗腐蚀换热器、第一循环水泵以及蒸发器。该系统能提高尾气焚烧炉烟气余热回收效率，避免尾气焚烧炉烟气余热低于酸露点回收时面临的堵塞腐蚀问题。
The invention discloses a novel incinerator flue gas waste heat depth recovery and energy level upgrading process system, including a high-pressure heat exchange system, a lithium bromide solution circulation system and a low-temperature flue gas heat exchange system, and the high-pressure heat exchange system includes a high-pressure heat exchanger , a second circulating water pump and a generator, the lithium bromide solution circulation system includes a generator, a solution exchanger, an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a lithium bromide solution circulation pump, a lithium bromide solution throttling device and a refrigerant water throttling device, The low-temperature flue gas heat exchange system includes a corrosion-resistant heat exchanger for circulating water heating, a first circulating water pump and an evaporator. The system can improve the waste heat recovery efficiency of the tail gas incinerator, and avoid the problem of plugging and corrosion when the waste heat of the tail gas incinerator is lower than the acid dew point recovery.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及余热回收技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统。The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery, in particular to a novel incinerator flue gas waste heat deep recovery and energy level upgrading process system.
背景技术Background technique
尾气焚烧炉作为天然气净化装置的重要生产工艺设备，其耗能占装置总能耗的40％。尾气焚烧炉的热损失有：排烟损失、空气过剩损失、保温散热损失及燃料未完全燃烧损失等。其中，排烟损失占全部热损失的80％，排烟温度过高是炉子热损失的最主要因素。Tail gas incinerator is an important production process equipment of natural gas purification plant, and its energy consumption accounts for 40% of the total energy consumption of the plant. The heat losses of the tail gas incinerator include: exhaust smoke loss, excess air loss, heat preservation and heat dissipation loss, and fuel incomplete combustion loss, etc. Among them, the exhaust gas loss accounts for 80% of the total heat loss, and the high temperature of the exhaust gas is the most important factor for the heat loss of the furnace.
对于天然气净化厂用尾气焚烧炉，当排烟温度降到400℃以下,SO2将与水蒸气化合生成硫酸蒸汽；低于露点温度时，硫酸蒸汽凝结到炉子顶部空气预热器、余热工业炉等余热回收设备的换热面上，产生强烈的低温硫酸腐蚀，从而导致加热炉不能正常运行。为了避免低温硫酸腐蚀的发生，目前一般中小工业炉设计排烟160℃-230℃，大型工业炉在120℃-160℃；这种排烟温度过高将导致焚烧炉的排烟热损失过多，能量回收不足现象严重。For tail gas incinerators used in natural gas purification plants, when the exhaust gas temperature drops below 400°C, SO 2 will combine with water vapor to generate sulfuric acid vapor; when the temperature is lower than the dew point, sulfuric acid vapor will condense to the air preheater on the top of the furnace, waste heat industrial furnace On the heat exchange surface of waste heat recovery equipment, strong low-temperature sulfuric acid corrosion occurs, resulting in the failure of the normal operation of the heating furnace. In order to avoid the occurrence of low-temperature sulfuric acid corrosion, at present, small and medium-sized industrial furnaces are generally designed to exhaust smoke at 160°C-230°C, and large-scale industrial furnaces at 120°C-160°C; such high exhaust gas temperature will lead to excessive heat loss in the exhaust gas of the incinerator , the phenomenon of insufficient energy recovery is serious.
为了提高炉子的热效率，国内外目前普遍采用烟气余热回收措施有管式空气预热器、热管技术、水热媒技术等。其中，管式空气预热器采取冷热介质直接换热形式，由钢管、管板和壳体组成，具有结构简单、制造容易、价格便宜、无转动部件等优点。热管技术是在密闭的管内先抽成真空，在此状态下充入适量工质，在热管的下端加热，工质吸收热量汽化为蒸汽，在微小的压差下，上升到热管上端，并向外界放出热量，凝结为液体。冷凝液在重力的作用下，沿热管内壁返回到受热段，并再次受热汽化，如此循环往复，连续不断的将热量由一端传向另一端，具有传热效率高、结构紧凑等优点。水热媒技术是利用带压的除氧水作为热媒，在一个封闭热交换系统中，吸收烟气中余热，用于预热加热炉助燃空气或工艺介质，往复循环。优点是可以适应燃料、加热炉负荷变化及季节变化的要求。这些技术均是对高于酸露点焚烧炉烟气余热进行回收利用，并未对低于酸露点烟气余热进行回收利用。由于尾气焚烧炉烟气中含有大量的水蒸气，当烟气温度低于露点温度时，会有水蒸气凝结而放出大量潜热；对这些潜热进行回收以及能级提升利用，将大大提高尾气焚烧炉的余热利用效率，但是目前并没有相应的烟气余热深度回收及能级工艺技术。In order to improve the thermal efficiency of the furnace, flue gas waste heat recovery measures are generally adopted at home and abroad, including tubular air preheater, heat pipe technology, water heat medium technology, etc. Among them, the tubular air preheater adopts the form of direct heat exchange between cold and hot media, and is composed of steel pipes, tube sheets and shells. It has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, cheap price, and no rotating parts. The heat pipe technology is to first evacuate the closed tube into a vacuum, in this state, fill an appropriate amount of working fluid, heat at the lower end of the heat pipe, the working fluid absorbs heat and vaporizes into steam, and rises to the upper end of the heat pipe under a small pressure difference, and flows to the bottom of the heat pipe. The outside gives off heat and condenses into a liquid. Under the action of gravity, the condensate returns to the heating section along the inner wall of the heat pipe, and is heated and vaporized again. In this way, the heat is continuously transferred from one end to the other end continuously, which has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and compact structure. The water heat medium technology uses pressurized deoxygenated water as the heat medium, in a closed heat exchange system, absorbs the waste heat in the flue gas, and uses it to preheat the combustion air of the heating furnace or the process medium, and reciprocates. The advantage is that it can adapt to the requirements of fuel, furnace load changes and seasonal changes. These technologies all recover and utilize the waste heat of the incinerator flue gas above the acid dew point, but do not recycle the waste heat of the flue gas below the acid dew point. Since the flue gas of the tail gas incinerator contains a large amount of water vapor, when the temperature of the flue gas is lower than the dew point temperature, there will be water vapor condensed and a large amount of latent heat will be released; the recovery of these latent heat and the improvement of the energy level will greatly improve the efficiency of the tail gas incinerator. The efficiency of waste heat utilization is high, but there is no corresponding deep recovery of waste heat from flue gas and energy-level technology.
综上所述，目前天然气净化厂用尾气焚烧炉的烟气余热回收工艺方面存在以下问题：To sum up, the following problems exist in the flue gas waste heat recovery process of the tail gas incinerator used in the natural gas purification plant:
(1)尾气焚烧炉余热回收系统烟气排放温度较高(120℃-230℃)，能量回收不足；(1) The flue gas discharge temperature of the waste heat recovery system of the tail gas incinerator is high (120°C-230°C), and the energy recovery is insufficient;
(2)目前缺乏低于酸露点温度尾气焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统，造成尾气焚烧炉烟气中大量水蒸气潜热的严重浪费；(2) At present, there is a lack of in-depth recovery of waste heat from exhaust gas incinerators at temperatures below the acid dew point and energy level improvement process systems, resulting in serious waste of a large amount of latent heat of water vapor in flue gas from exhaust incinerators;
(3)目前低于酸露点温度尾气焚烧炉烟气余热进行深度回收，面临着硫酸蒸汽的凝结造成换热设备的腐蚀以及堵塞问题。(3) At present, the waste heat of the tail gas incinerator with a temperature lower than the acid dew point is deeply recovered, and the problem of corrosion and blockage of the heat exchange equipment caused by the condensation of sulfuric acid vapor is faced.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的天然气净化厂尾气焚烧炉烟气余热回收不足，回收效率低问题，提供一种新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统，该系统能提高尾气焚烧炉烟气余热回收效率，避免低于酸露点尾气焚烧炉烟气余热回收时面临的堵塞腐蚀问题。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of insufficient waste heat recovery and low recovery efficiency of flue gas waste heat from natural gas purification plant tail gas incinerators in the prior art, and provide a new type of incinerator flue gas waste heat deep recovery and energy level upgrading process system, which can Improve the waste heat recovery efficiency of the tail gas incinerator, and avoid the problem of clogging and corrosion when the waste heat recovery of the tail gas incinerator is lower than the acid dew point.
其具体技术方案为：Its specific technical plan is:
一种新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统，包括高压热交换系统、溴化锂溶液循环系统和低温烟气换热系统，所述高压换热系统包括高压换热器1、第二循环水泵10 和发生器2，所述溴化锂溶液循环系统包括发生器2、溶液交换器4、吸收器5、蒸发器6、冷凝器3、溴化锂溶液循环泵8、溴化锂溶液节流装置11以及冷剂水节流装置12，所述低温烟气换热系统包括循环水加热用抗腐蚀换热器7、第一循环水泵9以及蒸发器6。A novel incinerator flue gas waste heat deep recovery and energy level upgrading process system, including a high-pressure heat exchange system, a lithium bromide solution circulation system, and a low-temperature flue gas heat exchange system. The high-pressure heat exchange system includes a high-pressure heat exchanger 1, a second Circulating water pump 10 and generator 2, described lithium bromide solution circulation system comprises generator 2, solution exchanger 4, absorber 5, evaporator 6, condenser 3, lithium bromide solution circulation pump 8, lithium bromide solution throttling device 11 and cooling Agent water throttling device 12 , the low-temperature flue gas heat exchange system includes a corrosion-resistant heat exchanger 7 for circulating water heating, a first circulating water pump 9 and an evaporator 6 .
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
相对传统尾气焚烧炉烟气余热回收工艺，该工艺系统实现了低于酸露点温度焚烧炉尾气余热的深度回收及利用。Compared with the traditional tail gas incinerator flue gas waste heat recovery process, this process system realizes the deep recovery and utilization of incinerator tail gas waste heat below the acid dew point temperature.
与传统的尾气焚烧炉烟气余热回收工艺系统相比，该系统具有焚烧炉烟气余热回收效率高，焚烧炉排烟温度低的优点。Compared with the traditional tail gas incinerator flue gas waste heat recovery process system, this system has the advantages of high efficiency of incinerator flue gas waste heat recovery and low temperature of exhaust gas from the incinerator.
该工艺系统解决了低于酸露点尾气焚烧炉烟气中回收余热的能级提升以及换热设备抗腐蚀及堵塞问题，提高了该工艺系统的可靠性。The process system solves the energy level improvement of waste heat recovery from the flue gas of the tail gas incinerator below the acid dew point and the problems of anti-corrosion and blockage of the heat exchange equipment, and improves the reliability of the process system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统的原理图；其中，细实线代表溴化锂稀溶液；细虚线代表溴化锂浓溶液；粗虚线代表制冷剂水；双点画线代表烟气；粗实线代表锅炉水；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the new incinerator flue gas waste heat depth recovery and energy level upgrading process system of the present invention; wherein, the thin solid line represents lithium bromide dilute solution; the thin dotted line represents lithium bromide concentrated solution; the thick dotted line represents refrigerant water; double dotted line represents flue gas; thick solid line represents boiler water;
图2为本发明新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统的实施例1的示意图，其中，细实线代表溴化锂稀溶液；细虚线代表溴化锂浓溶液；粗虚线代表制冷剂水；双点画线代表烟气；粗实线代表锅炉水。2 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the novel incinerator flue gas waste heat depth recovery and energy level upgrading process system of the present invention, wherein the thin solid line represents lithium bromide dilute solution; the thin dotted line represents lithium bromide concentrated solution; the thick dotted line represents refrigerant water; The double dotted line represents flue gas; the thick solid line represents boiler water.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
参照图1，一种新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统，包括高压热交换系统、溴化锂溶液循环系统和低温烟气换热系统，其主要由高压换热器1、发生器2、冷凝器3、溶液交换器4、吸收器5、蒸发器6、循环水加热用抗腐蚀换热器7、溴化锂溶液循环泵 8、第一循环水泵9和第二循环水泵10、溴化锂溶液节流装置11以及冷剂水节流装置12等组成。Referring to Figure 1, a new incinerator flue gas waste heat deep recovery and energy level upgrading process system includes a high-pressure heat exchange system, a lithium bromide solution circulation system and a low-temperature flue gas heat exchange system, which mainly consists of a high-pressure heat exchanger 1, a generator 2. Condenser 3, solution exchanger 4, absorber 5, evaporator 6, circulating water heating anti-corrosion heat exchanger 7, lithium bromide solution circulating pump 8, first circulating water pump 9 and second circulating water pump 10, lithium bromide solution The throttling device 11 and the refrigerant water throttling device 12 are composed of the throttling device 11 and the like.
具体实施方案如下：高温烟气在高压热交换器1内与高压循环水进行换热，产生的高温高压热水通过循环水泵10进入发生器2，加热发生器2中的溴化锂稀溶液，通过加热产生的冷剂水蒸汽进入冷凝器3与锅炉水进行换热，放出热量并加热锅炉水，从而使冷剂水蒸汽放热冷凝；冷凝器3出来的制冷剂水经节流装置12节流变成低温低压的制冷剂水和蒸汽；冷剂水在蒸发器6内部吸收低温烟气侧循环水热量而汽化为冷剂水蒸汽，并进入吸收器5；在吸收器5内部，来自溶液热交换器4的浓溶液吸收冷剂水蒸汽，并放出热量以后变为稀溶液；稀溶液通过溶液热交换器4被浓溶液预热以后进入发生器2，在发生器2内部再次被高温高压循环水加热析出冷剂水蒸汽，上述循环往复进行。焚烧炉高温烟气在高压换热器1内与高温高压循环水进行换热，给发生器2提供驱动热源；高压换热器1内部换热以后的烟气进入循环水加热用抗腐蚀换热器7，被低压循环水吸热降温，实现低于酸露点温度烟气余热的深度回收。低温锅炉水首先进入吸收器5，在吸收器5内吸收热量升温，然后进入冷凝器 3，被冷剂水蒸气加热为高温锅炉水，实现烟气低品位余热的能级提升。The specific implementation is as follows: the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with the high-pressure circulating water in the high-pressure heat exchanger 1, and the generated high-temperature and high-pressure hot water enters the generator 2 through the circulating water pump 10, heats the lithium bromide dilute solution in the generator 2, and passes through the heating The generated refrigerant water vapor enters the condenser 3 to exchange heat with the boiler water, releases heat and heats the boiler water, so that the refrigerant water vapor releases heat and condenses; the refrigerant water from the condenser 3 passes through the throttling device 12 to flow into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant water and steam; the refrigerant water absorbs the heat of circulating water on the low-temperature flue gas side in the evaporator 6 and is vaporized into refrigerant water vapor, and enters the absorber 5; in the absorber 5, heat exchanged from the solution The concentrated solution in the device 4 absorbs the refrigerant water vapor and turns into a dilute solution after releasing heat; the dilute solution enters the generator 2 after being preheated by the concentrated solution through the solution heat exchanger 4, and is again heated by high-temperature and high-pressure circulating water inside the generator 2. The refrigerant water vapor is precipitated by heating, and the above cycle is repeated. The high-temperature flue gas of the incinerator exchanges heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating water in the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 to provide a driving heat source for the generator 2; the flue gas after the internal heat exchange of the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 enters the circulating water for heating for anti-corrosion heat exchange The device 7 is absorbed and cooled by the low-pressure circulating water to realize the deep recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas at a temperature lower than the acid dew point. The low-temperature boiler water first enters the absorber 5, absorbs heat in the absorber 5 and heats up, and then enters the condenser 3, where it is heated by the refrigerant steam to become high-temperature boiler water, so as to realize the energy level improvement of the low-grade waste heat of the flue gas.
实施例Example
一种新型焚烧炉烟气余热深度回收及能级提升工艺系统，如图2所示。由高压换热器1、发生器2和低压发生器13、冷凝器3、热交换器4和高温热交换器14、吸收器5、蒸发器6、循环水加热用抗腐蚀换热器7、溴化锂溶液循环泵8、第一循环水泵9和第二循环水泵10、溴化锂溶液节流装置11以及冷剂水节流装置12等组成。所述发生器2为高压发生器，所述热交换器4为低温热交换器。具体实施方案如下：焚烧炉出来的高温烟气首先经过高压热交换器1与高压循环水进行换热，换热以后的高温高压热水进入高压发生器2；高温高压热水在高压发生器2内加热溴化锂溶液，产生高温制冷剂水蒸气和溴化锂中间浓度溶液；此中间浓度溶液经高温热交换器14放出部分热量，并经节流阀15节流以后进入低压发生器13，被来自高压发生器2的高温蒸汽加热，并再次产生制冷剂水蒸气，形成溴化锂浓溶液；制冷剂蒸汽进入冷凝器3进行放热，实现锅炉水加热，浓溶液经低温热交换器4再次放出部分热量，最终在吸收器5中吸收自蒸发器的6的水蒸气，放出热量后形成稀溶液。其余部分循环与具体实施方案类似。A new incinerator flue gas waste heat deep recovery and energy level upgrading process system, as shown in Figure 2. Composed of high-pressure heat exchanger 1, generator 2 and low-pressure generator 13, condenser 3, heat exchanger 4 and high-temperature heat exchanger 14, absorber 5, evaporator 6, circulating water heating anti-corrosion heat exchanger 7, The lithium bromide solution circulating pump 8, the first circulating water pump 9 and the second circulating water pump 10, the lithium bromide solution throttling device 11 and the refrigerant water throttling device 12 are composed of. The generator 2 is a high-pressure generator, and the heat exchanger 4 is a low-temperature heat exchanger. The specific implementation plan is as follows: the high-temperature flue gas from the incinerator first passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 to exchange heat with high-pressure circulating water, and the high-temperature and high-pressure hot water after the heat exchange enters the high-pressure generator 2; The lithium bromide solution is heated internally to produce high-temperature refrigerant water vapor and an intermediate concentration solution of lithium bromide; the intermediate concentration solution releases part of the heat through the high-temperature heat exchanger 14, and enters the low-pressure generator 13 after being throttled by the throttle valve 15, and is transferred from the high-pressure generator. The high-temperature steam of the condenser 2 is heated, and the refrigerant water vapor is generated again to form a lithium bromide concentrated solution; the refrigerant vapor enters the condenser 3 to release heat to realize boiler water heating, and the concentrated solution releases part of the heat again through the low-temperature heat exchanger 4, and finally The water vapor from the evaporator 6 is absorbed in the absorber 5, and a dilute solution is formed after releasing heat. The rest of the cycle is similar to the specific embodiment.
本发明实现了低于酸露点温度焚烧炉尾气余热的深度回收及利用。具有焚烧炉烟气余热回收效率高，焚烧炉排烟温度低。解决了低于酸露点尾气焚烧炉烟气中回收余热的能级提升以及换热设备抗腐蚀及堵塞问题，提高了该工艺系统的可靠性。The invention realizes the deep recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the tail gas of the incinerator whose temperature is lower than the acid dew point. It has the advantages of high recovery efficiency of waste heat from flue gas of incinerator and low exhaust gas temperature of incinerator. It solves the energy level improvement of waste heat recovery in the flue gas of the tail gas incinerator below the acid dew point and the problems of anti-corrosion and blockage of the heat exchange equipment, and improves the reliability of the process system.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，本发明的保护范围不限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可显而易见地得到的技术方案的简单变化或等效替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can obviously obtain the simplicity of the technical solution. Changes or equivalent replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN108980815A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-11 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | A kind of flue gas heat recovery system and method that combustion gas generates |
| CN110425560A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-08 | 北京清投环能科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient boiler integrated system and its control method |
| CN113357660A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-07 | 湖南省特种设备检验检测研究院 | Cooling and heating system based on plume elimination and waste heat recovery of gas boiler flue gas |
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