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CN107447156A - Hot die steel and its production method - Google Patents

Hot die steel and its production method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107447156A
CN107447156A CN201710647998.8A CN201710647998A CN107447156A CN 107447156 A CN107447156 A CN 107447156A CN 201710647998 A CN201710647998 A CN 201710647998A CN 107447156 A CN107447156 A CN 107447156A
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hot die
die steel
temperature
production method
heating
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CN201710647998.8A
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CN107447156B (en
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邓吉宁
莫敦
孙殿军
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JIANGYOU CHANGXIANG SPECIAL STEEL MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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JIANGYOU CHANGXIANG SPECIAL STEEL MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18Electroslag remelting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hot die steel and its production method, the production method comprises the following steps:Molten steel is smelted into electrode bar by electric furnace oxidizing process, then under an ar atmosphere electroslag remelting into ESR ingot;12kg Dephosphorising agent is added in molten steel per ton;ESR ingot is heated to 1230~1280 DEG C, ESR ingot is upset pulled out again to 1/2 height after ingot body melt down and melted down in 1250~1290 DEG C of 40~50h of heating of temperature, then upset pulling in 1180~1200 DEG C of heating of temperature;The condition Single arm forging that according to deflection be 30~35%, heating-up temperature is 1160~1170 DEG C;Both ends are earnestly smooth after forging, and misting cooling enters stove to 300~350 DEG C and carries out normalizing and spheroidizing, obtains described hot die steel.The grain size of hot die steel is very fine and close, reaches more than 9 grades;When 7*10mm samples hardness reaches 46HRC, ballistic work >=220J.

Description

Hot die steel and its production method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hot die steel and its production method.
Background technology
1.2344 belong to a kind of pressure-resistant hot die steel, and for the steel through electroslag remelting, uniform in material, quenching degree is good, has Good machining property and polishing performance, high tenacity and plasticity, good high and low temperature wearability and high temperature resistance fatigue And heat resistance.
1.2344 materials are commonly used on compression mod, extrusion die or hot pressing die.Routine chemical componentses (%) C:0.38- 0.42, Si:0.8-1.2, Mn:0.30-0.50, P≤0.030, S≤0.010, Cr:4.80-5.50 Mo:1.20-1.50 V: 0.90-1.10。
Current domestic conventional production process is that intermediate frequency furnace (Electrode for remelting rod)+electroslag remelting (general EAR)+forging is (electro-hydraulic Hammer)+spheroidizing.H, O, N gas and P control of such a production technology to mother metal is excessively poor, and H content is typically in 3- in steel 4PPM, O content typically typically can only be typically controlled in 0.020- in 20-30PPM, N content in more than 150PPM, P content Between 0.030%;Its finished-product material is detected, according in NADCA (North America die casting association) 1.2344 corresponding gradings, its nodularization group Knit and can only achieve AS7-AS9 (accounting for 60%), remaining 40% does not meet the requirement of qualified spherodized structure, substantially AS10-AS16 it Between, grain size is only in 6-7 levels or so, 7*10mm.Heat treatment sample hardness reaches the impact of 46HRC later stages non-notch and is only capable of reaching 120-150J。
1.2344 existing production technologies produce material and are primarily present following shortcoming:
1st, gas content is high, causes inclusion content under its high-power microscope higher, typically exists according to GB/T10561 gradings Thick 1, the A of A are thin by 1;Thick 1.5, the B of B are thin by 1.5;Thick 0.5, the C of C are thin by 0.5;Thick 0.5, the D of D are thin by 1;Ds0.5.
2nd, spherodized structure is uneven, and carbide particle is larger, skewness, left typically in AS9 according to NADAC judge pictures It is right.
3rd, grain size is larger, typically at 6 grades or so.
4th, P content height has a great influence to ballistic work.
5th, ballistic work is low, and after 7*10mm sample hardness reaches 46HRC, its ballistic work is only capable of as 120-150j.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve problem of the prior art, there is provided a kind of hot die steel and its production method.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of production method of hot die steel, comprises the following steps:
Step A:Molten steel is smelted into electrode bar by electric furnace oxidizing process, then under an ar atmosphere electroslag remelting into ESR ingot; 12kg Dephosphorising agent is added in molten steel per ton, described Dephosphorising agent is made up of the component of following mass parts:CaO, 60~65 parts, CaF2, 14~17 parts;FeO, 8~11 parts;Foaming agent, 12~16 parts;
Step B:ESR ingot is heated to 1230~1280 DEG C, ESR ingot is upset pulled out again to 1/2 height after ingot body melt down In 1250~1290 DEG C of temperature, 40~50h of heating, then upset pulling is melted down in 1180~1200 DEG C of heating of temperature, after the completion of heating It is transferred in Single arm forging molding stove;
Step C:The condition Single arm forging that according to deflection be 30~35%, heating-up temperature is 1160~1170 DEG C;Forging It is earnestly smooth to make rear both ends, misting cooling enters stove to 300~350 DEG C and carries out normalizing and spheroidizing, obtains described Forming Die Has steel.
Further technical scheme is that described Dephosphorising agent is made up of the component of following mass parts:CaO, 61.5 parts, CaF2, 15.3 parts;FeO, 9.2 parts;Foaming agent, 14 parts.
Further technical scheme is that described foaming agent is made up of the component of following mass percents:Na2CO3:13~ 18%;Al2O3:30~38%;CaF2:22~26%;Remaining CaO.
Further technical scheme is that described foaming agent is made up of the component of following mass percents:Na2CO3:15%; Al2O3:35.8%;CaF2:24%;Remaining CaO.
Further technical scheme is that element mass percent is as follows in described molten steel:C:0.38~0.42;Si:0.8 ~1.2;Mn:0.30~0.50;P≤0.015;S≤0.010;Cr:4.90~5.50;Mo:1.30~1.50;V:0.90~ 1.10。
Further technical scheme is, the heat time described in step B be according to ingot body diameter per mm heating 0.3~ 0.4min。
Further technical scheme is that the Forge Heating time described in step C is less than 1h.
Further technical scheme is, after the process of described annealing normalizing enters stove for 300~350 DEG C of forging material after forging 400~410 DEG C are warming up to less than 60 DEG C/h with heating rate, and is incubated 2~4h at this temperature;Then it is less than with heating rate 80 DEG C/h is warming up to 600~620 DEG C, and is incubated 2~4h at this temperature;Then it is warming up to heating rate less than 120 DEG C/h 1025~1035 DEG C, soaking time at this temperature is 1.5~2.0 times of forging material thickness, and the unit of soaking time is min; It is cooled to room temperature.
Further technical scheme is that the process of described spheroidizing is less than 80 for the forging material after normalizing with heating rate DEG C/h is warming up to 850~870 DEG C, soaking time at this temperature is 2.5~3.5 times of the forging material thickness after normalizing, insulation The unit of time is min;Then 400~420 DEG C are furnace-cooled to less than 20 DEG C/h with rate of temperature fall;Then it is air-cooled to room temperature.
Present invention also offers hot die steel, its composition point obtained by the production of the production method of described hot die steel Analysis is as follows:C:0.38-0.42, Si:0.8-1.2, Mn:0.30-0.50, P≤0.015, S≤0.010, Cr:4.90-5.50 Mo: 1.30-1.50 V:0.90-1.10;Spherodized structure grading reaches AS1-AS5;Grain size reaches more than 9 grades;7*10mm samples are hard When degree reaches 46HRC, ballistic work >=220J.
The present invention will be further explained below.
Molten steel is smelted using electroslag remelting process under electric furnace oxidizing process Electrode for remelting rod and Ar gas shielded atmosphere to be formed, and is reduced H, O, P content in steel, reduce inclusion content in molten steel.
Dephosphorising agent is added in molten steel, Dephosphorising agent is made up of the component of following mass parts:CaO, 60~65 parts, CaF2, 14 ~17 parts;FeO, 8~11 parts;Foaming agent, 12~16 parts.Described foaming agent is made up of the component of following mass percents: Na2CO3:13~18%;Al2O3:30~38%;CaF2:22~26%;Remaining CaO.Dephosphorising agent can take off 40~60% P, will P content reduces as far as possible, it is possible to increase the ballistic work of material, can greatly improve its service life in actual applications.
ESR ingot is heated to 1230~1280 DEG C, ESR ingot is upset pulled out again to 1/2 height after ingot body melt down in temperature 1250~1290 DEG C of 40~50h of heating, then upset pulling are melted down and added in 1180~1200 DEG C of heating of temperature, this process to homogenize Heat, its mainly solve even tissue, refined carbides by its Dispersed precipitate in the base.
Temperature is down to 700 DEG C or so, it is necessary to quickly heat up to after being transferred to Single arm forging molding stove after the completion of step B heating For 1160-1170 DEG C of temperature in Single arm forging molding, deflection is 30~35%, forges one-shot forming, adding in Single arm The hot time is less than 1 hour, and this step is to make crystal grain more tiny and uniform.
Normalizing and spheroidizing can further reduce the precipitation of carbide, and microscopic structure is more preferable.
The component analyzing method of hot die steel is with reference to GB/T222, GB/T223, GB/720066.
The grain size detection method of hot die steel is with reference to GB/T6394-2002.
The spherodized structure detection method of hot die steel is with reference to North America die casting association NADAC 207-90《Compression casting The acceptance criteria of the advanced H13 steel of mould》AS1-AS9 is qualified.
The pull force calculation method of hot die steel is with reference to GB/T228.1-2010.
The impact experiment detection method of hot die steel is with reference to GB/T229-2007.
The Rockwell hardness detection method of hot die steel is with reference to GB/T230.1-2009.
The Brinell hardness detection method of hot die steel is with reference to GB/T231.2009.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1st, Molten Steel Cleanliness is improved, it is thin by 0.5 that high power field trash reaches thick 0.5, the A of following A;Thick 0.5, the B of B are thin by 0.5;C thick 0, C It is thin by 0;Thick 0, the D of D are thin by 0.5;Ds0.
2nd, spherodized structure grading is reached in the range of AS1-AS5 according to North America die casting association (NADAC), even tissue.
3rd, grain size is very fine and close, reaches more than 9 grades.
4th, P content≤0.010%, S≤0.002%
5th, when 7*10mm samples hardness reaches 46HRC, ballistic work >=220J.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further elaborated.
Embodiment 1:
Molten steel is smelted into ∮ 540mm electrode bars 4 by electric furnace oxidizing process, 5.4 tons of individual cigarette weight, then under an ar atmosphere Electroslag remelting is into ∮ 700mm ESR ingots 4,5.3 tons of individual cigarette weight;12kg Dephosphorising agent, described dephosphorization are added in molten steel per ton Agent is made up of the component of following mass parts:CaO, 61.5 parts, CaF2, 15.3 parts;FeO, 9.2 parts;Foaming agent, 14 parts.Foaming agent It is made up of the component of following mass percents:Na2CO3:15%;Al2O3:358%;CaF2:24%;Remaining CaO.
The sampling composition of ESR ingot is C:0.41, Si:0.11, Mn:0.49, P:0.009, S:0.002, Cr:5.13 Mo: 1.41 V:0.99.
ESR ingot is heated to 1250 DEG C, and upset pulled out again to ∮ 580mm ingot body to 1/2 height of ESR ingot is melted down in temperature 1260 DEG C of 40~50h of heating, then upset pulling are melted down in 1190 DEG C of heating of temperature, and Single arm forging molding is transferred to after the completion of heating In stove;
The condition Single arm forging that according to deflection be 30~35%, heating-up temperature is 1160~1170 DEG C;Two after forging End is earnestly smooth, and misting cooling enters stove to 300~350 DEG C and carries out normalizing and spheroidizing, obtains described hot die steel.
The process of annealing normalizing is warming up to 400 DEG C with heating rate after entering stove for 300~350 DEG C of material of forging less than 60 DEG C/h, And 2~4h is incubated at this temperature;Then 600 DEG C are warming up to less than 80 DEG C/h with heating rate, and at this temperature insulation 2~ 4h;Then 1030 DEG C are warming up to less than 120 DEG C/h with heating rate, soaking time at this temperature is the 1.5 of forging material thickness ~2.0 times, the unit of soaking time is min;It is cooled to room temperature.
The process of spheroidizing is that the forging material after normalizing is warming up to 860 DEG C with heating rate less than 80 DEG C/h, in this temperature Under soaking time be forging 2.5~3.5 times of material thickness after normalizing, the unit of soaking time is min;Then with rate of temperature fall 400 DEG C are furnace-cooled to less than 20 DEG C/h;Then it is air-cooled to room temperature.
The testing result of hot die steel is as follows:
1st, gas content:H:1.5PPM, O:13PPM, N:45PPM.
2nd, high power field trash:Thick 0, the A of A are thin by 0.5;Thick 0.5, the B of B are thin by 0.5;Thick 0, the C of C are thin by 0;Thick 0, the D of D are thin by 0.5;Ds 0.
3rd, spherodized structure, AS5 is rated by NADAC
4th, grain size:9.5 level
5th, performance:Two groups of non-notch ballistic works of 45HRC, 7mm*10mm sample, first group of 235J, 240J, 238J;Second group 227J,234J,250J。
6th, user makes compression mod average life span in 5-6 ten thousand times or so.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for explanatory embodiment of the invention, and above-described embodiment is only this hair Bright preferable embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, it should be appreciated that people in the art Member can be designed that a lot of other modifications and embodiment, and these modifications and embodiment will fall in principle disclosed in the present application Within scope and spirit.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of production method of hot die steel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step A:Molten steel is smelted into electrode bar by electric furnace oxidizing process, then under an ar atmosphere electroslag remelting into ESR ingot;It is per ton 12kg Dephosphorising agent is added in molten steel, described Dephosphorising agent is made up of the component of following mass parts:CaO, 60~65 parts, CaF2, 14~17 parts;FeO, 8~11 parts;Foaming agent, 12~16 parts;
Step B:ESR ingot is heated to 1230~1280 DEG C, ESR ingot is upset pulled out again to 1/2 height after ingot body melt down in temperature 1250~1290 DEG C of 40~50h of heating of degree, then upset pulling are melted down in 1180~1200 DEG C of heating of temperature, are transferred to after the completion of heating In Single arm forging molding stove;
Step C:The condition Single arm forging that according to deflection be 30~35%, heating-up temperature is 1160~1170 DEG C;After forging Both ends are earnestly smooth, and misting cooling enters stove to 300~350 DEG C and carries out normalizing and spheroidizing, obtains described hot die steel.
2. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Dephosphorising agent is by following matter Measure the component composition of part:CaO, 61.5 parts, CaF2, 15.3 parts;FeO, 9.2 parts;Foaming agent, 14 parts.
3. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foaming agent is by following matter Measure the component composition of percentage:Na2CO3:13~18%;Al2O3:30~38%;CaF2:22~26%;Remaining CaO.
4. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foaming agent is by following matter Measure the component composition of percentage:Na2CO3:15%;Al2O3:35.8%;CaF2:24%;Remaining CaO.
5. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that element quality in described molten steel Percentage is as follows:C:0.38~0.42;Si:0.8~1.2;Mn:0.30~0.50;P≤0.015;S≤0.010;Cr:4.90~ 5.50;Mo:1.30~1.50;V:0.90~1.10.
6. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heat time described in step B To heat 0.3~0.4min per mm according to ingot body diameter.
7. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Forge Heating described in step C Time is less than 1h.
8. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the process of described annealing normalizing 400~410 DEG C are warming up to less than 60 DEG C/h with heating rate after entering stove for 300~350 DEG C of forging material after forging, and in this temperature 2~4h of lower insulation;Then 600~620 DEG C are warming up to less than 80 DEG C/h with heating rate, and are incubated 2~4h at this temperature;So 1025~1035 DEG C are warming up to less than 120 DEG C/h with heating rate afterwards, soaking time at this temperature is the 1.5 of forging material thickness ~2.0 times, the unit of soaking time is min;It is cooled to room temperature.
9. the production method of hot die steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the process of described spheroidizing 850~870 DEG C are warming up to less than 80 DEG C/h with heating rate for the forging material after normalizing, soaking time at this temperature is normalizing 2.5~3.5 times of forging material thickness afterwards, the unit of soaking time is min;Then it is furnace-cooled to rate of temperature fall less than 20 DEG C/h 400~420 DEG C;Then it is air-cooled to room temperature.
10. hot-work die obtained by a kind of production method production of hot die steel according to claim any one of 1-9 Steel, it is characterised in that the constituent analysis of described hot die steel is as follows:C:0.38-0.42, Si:0.8-1.2, Mn:0.30- 0.50, P≤0.015, S≤0.010, Cr:4.90-5.50 Mo:1.30-1.50 V:0.90-1.10;Spherodized structure grading reaches AS1-AS5;Grain size reaches more than 9 grades;When 7*10mm samples hardness reaches 46HRC, ballistic work >=220J.
CN201710647998.8A 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Hot die steel and its production method Expired - Fee Related CN107447156B (en)

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CN107974637A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-05-01 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 A kind of hot die steel and preparation method thereof
CN109023153A (en) * 2018-09-07 2018-12-18 吉林大学 Micro nano-TiC particle Strengthening and Toughening forging hot die steel in a kind of original position and preparation method thereof
CN110218955A (en) * 2019-04-18 2019-09-10 江油市长祥特殊钢制造有限公司 The preparation method that SA182F92 prevents delta ferrite from generating
CN110484830A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-11-22 首钢集团有限公司 A kind of high nitrogen type hot die steel and preparation method thereof
CN111004963A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-14 重庆优特模具有限公司 Die steel for die casting and processing method thereof
CN114411043A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-29 钢铁研究总院 A kind of preparation method of large-scale hot forging hot work die steel
CN115505839A (en) * 2022-08-18 2022-12-23 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 High-nitrogen high-strength high-toughness H13 die steel and short-process continuous casting and rolling production process thereof
CN116144875A (en) * 2023-01-09 2023-05-23 江苏天隆铸锻有限公司 A kind of iron and steel refining smelting and forging process
CN116445821A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-07-18 鞍钢股份有限公司 Die steel resistant to mechanical strain and high in uniformity and preparation method thereof

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CN109023153A (en) * 2018-09-07 2018-12-18 吉林大学 Micro nano-TiC particle Strengthening and Toughening forging hot die steel in a kind of original position and preparation method thereof
CN110218955A (en) * 2019-04-18 2019-09-10 江油市长祥特殊钢制造有限公司 The preparation method that SA182F92 prevents delta ferrite from generating
CN110484830A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-11-22 首钢集团有限公司 A kind of high nitrogen type hot die steel and preparation method thereof
CN110484830B (en) * 2019-09-05 2020-07-24 首钢集团有限公司 A kind of high nitrogen type hot work die steel and preparation method thereof
CN111004963A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-14 重庆优特模具有限公司 Die steel for die casting and processing method thereof
CN114411043A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-29 钢铁研究总院 A kind of preparation method of large-scale hot forging hot work die steel
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CN116144875A (en) * 2023-01-09 2023-05-23 江苏天隆铸锻有限公司 A kind of iron and steel refining smelting and forging process
CN116445821A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-07-18 鞍钢股份有限公司 Die steel resistant to mechanical strain and high in uniformity and preparation method thereof
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