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CN107411818B - 流体装置、方法和系统 - Google Patents

流体装置、方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107411818B
CN107411818B CN201610344880.3A CN201610344880A CN107411818B CN 107411818 B CN107411818 B CN 107411818B CN 201610344880 A CN201610344880 A CN 201610344880A CN 107411818 B CN107411818 B CN 107411818B
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fluid
lumen
sensor
controller
parameters
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CN107411818A (zh
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高伟
张�成
洪源
徐峰
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Boston Scientific Scimed Inc
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Scimed Life Systems Inc
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Priority to CN201610344880.3A priority Critical patent/CN107411818B/zh
Priority to US15/233,743 priority patent/US10507278B2/en
Priority to EP17728710.9A priority patent/EP3463113B1/en
Priority to EP23180406.3A priority patent/EP4233757A3/en
Priority to PCT/US2017/033847 priority patent/WO2017205295A1/en
Publication of CN107411818A publication Critical patent/CN107411818A/zh
Priority to US16/669,984 priority patent/US11433172B2/en
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Publication of CN107411818B publication Critical patent/CN107411818B/zh
Priority to US17/875,479 priority patent/US20220362449A1/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了流体装置、方法和系统。一种系统可以包括护套、递送模块和移除模块。护套包括工作腔、递送腔和移除腔。递送模块构造为使流体从流体容器离开并且通过递送腔进入到体腔中。移除模块构造为使流体和包含在其内的微粒移动离开体腔、通过移除腔、通过移除微粒的过滤装置返回到流体容器中。一种方法包括将护套的远端放置到体腔中,激励所述工作腔以在所述体腔中生成微粒,使流体进入到体腔中以接合微粒,以及使流体和污染物从体腔、通过移除污染物的过滤器移动返回到流体源中。

Description

流体装置、方法和系统
技术领域
本公开的方面大体上涉及医疗装置和方法。具体而言,一些方面涉及诸如用在碎石术手术中的那些流体装置、方法和系统。
背景技术
碎石术是一种医疗手术,其包括对体腔内变硬的块状物比如肾结石、胆结石、胰腺结石等进行物理破坏。在这种程序中,能量源典型地被施加到变硬的块状物。可以使用不同的能量源,比如电能、水利能、激光能、机械能、超声波能等。激光碎石术是基于以下事实:即、脉冲光能可以转化为以与冲击波的出现相关联的空泡形式的机械能。这个机械能负责破坏变硬的块状物。
碎石术手术的共有问题在于:体腔也许会被破坏变硬的块状物的颗粒所污染。对于石状块状物而言,这些颗粒可以被称为“石粉(stone dust)”。在激光碎石术手术中,这种石粉可以阻碍块状物的可视化,这防止了医师以最有效的方式使激光脉动。流体可以被注射到体腔中以使得一部分石粉与流体自然地从体腔流出。等待流体和石粉从体腔流出也许是非常耗时的,通常需要医师延长手术。更多的流体可以被添加以促进排出,但这甚至也许进一步通过需要盐水袋的重复置换来延长手术。
发明内容
本公开的多个方面涉及流体装置、方法和系统。现在阐述本公开的多个方面。
本公开的一个方面是一种系统,例如该系统可以包括具有工作腔、递送腔和移除腔的护套;过滤装置;联接至流体容器和递送腔的递送模块;以及联接至移除腔和过滤装置的移除模块,其中,流体容器联接至过滤装置以当所述护套被放置在体腔中时限定至少一个循环回路。
根据这个方面,至少一个传感器可以可操作为检测流体或体腔的一个或多个参数。至少一个传感器可以位于护套的远端上。该系统可以进一步包括用于例如响应于所述一个或多个参数来操作递送模块和移除模块的控制器。至少一个传感器可以包括压力传感器,并且流体的一个或多个参数可以包括体腔中的流体的压力;和/或至少一个传感器可以包括血液检测器,并且一个或多个参数可以包括流体中的血液的量。控制器可以可操作为例如防止体腔内的流体超过预定最大压力。
递送模块可以包括至少一个第一泵,所述第一泵与控制器一起可操作为使流体从流体容器移动并且通过递送腔移动到体腔中。移除模块可以包括至少一个第二泵,所述第二泵与控制器一起可操作为使流体和包含在其内的微粒从体腔离开通过移除腔、通过过滤装置,并且返回到流体容器中。例如,至少一个传感器可以包括压力传感器,至少一个或多个参数可以包括体腔中的预定流体压力,并且控制器可以通过第一泵和第二泵中的每一个的操作来保持预定流体压力。系统还可以包括循环回路中的阀,所述阀与控制器一起可操作为响应于一个或多个参数从流体容器来引导流体并且引导流体返回到过滤装置中。第一泵和第二泵中的每一个可以可移除地安装到循环装置的壳体。流体容器和过滤装置、例如可以可移除地安装到壳体。
示例性系统还可以包括联接至工作腔的激光源。任意激光源可以被包括在内。流体可以为盐水,并且流体容器可以为盐水袋。过滤装置可以包括其中的任何一个可移除地附接至其的一个或多个过滤器。过滤装置可以包括可操作为检测流体中的血液的量的传感器。
本公开的另一方面是一种系统,例如该系统可以包括具有工作腔、递送腔和移除腔的护套;可操作为检测流体或体腔的一个或多个参数的至少一个传感器;过滤装置;以及包括联接至流体容器和递送腔的第一泵、联接至移除腔和过滤装置的第二泵的循环装置;以及响应于所述一个或多个参数来操作第一泵和第二泵的控制器,其中流体容器联接至过滤装置以当所述护套被放置在体腔中时限定至少一个循环回路。
根据这个方面,至少一个传感器可以包括压力传感器、成像装置和温度传感器中的一个。至少一个传感器可以位于护套上并且可以包括压力传感器,一个或多个参数可以包括体腔中的预定流体压力,并且控制器可以通过操作第一泵和第二泵来保持预定流体压力。这个示例性系统还可以包括循环回路中的阀,所述阀与控制器一起可操作为响应于一个或多个参数来从流体容器引导流体并且引导流体返回到过滤装置中。过滤装置可以包括可移除地附接至其的一个或多个过滤器。至少第一泵和第二泵可以可移除地安装到循环装置的壳体。控制器还可以包括例如可以位于循环装置的壳体上的输入装置和输出装置。
本公开的另一方面是一种方法,例如,所述方法可以包括:将护套的远端放置到体腔中,所述护套包括工作腔、递送腔和移除腔;激励工作腔以在体腔中生成微粒;利用联接至递送腔的至少一个第一泵使流体从流体源移动到体腔中以接合微粒;并且利用联接至移除腔的第二泵使流体和至少一部分污染物从体腔移动通过操作为移除污染物的部分的至少一个过滤装置,并且返回到流体源中。
根据这个方面,这个示例性方法还可以包括不改变流体容器地执行治疗,从而节省操作时间和材料。该方法还可以包括与第一泵和第二泵可操作地接合的控制器,其中可以利用控制器来执行移动步骤。该方法还可以包括利用至少一个传感器来检测流体或体腔的一个或多个参数;将流体的一个或多个参数传输至控制器;并且响应于一个或多个参数利用控制器来操作第一泵和第二泵。至少一个传感器可以包括压力传感器,一个或多个参数可以包括体腔中的预定流体压力,以及操作第一泵和第二泵中的每一个可以包括在体腔中保持预定流体压力。至少一个传感器可以包括血液检测器,一个或多个参数可以包括流体中的血液的量,以及操作第一泵和第二泵可以包括使流体再循环通过过滤装置直到血液的量被减少。
可以理解的是,前述概述和以下详细的描述是示例性的和解释性的,而不是对以下要求保护的发明的限制。
附图说明
被纳入且构成说明书的一部分的附图、与书写的说明书一起示出了示例性的多个方面,以用于解释本公开的原理。
图1描述了用于将微粒物质从体腔移除的示例性系统,所述系统包括工作装置和循环装置。
图2提供了图1的工作装置的全貌图。
图3A描述了另一示例性循环装置的主视图。
图3B描述了图3A的装置的侧视图。
图4描述了示例性方法。
图5描述了示例性过滤装置。
具体实施方式
现在,参考示例性方面的流体装置、方法和系统来描述本公开。参考在体腔内(和微粒一起)生成微粒物质和/或污染物的程序来描绘和或/描述一些方面。流体可以循环通过体腔以移除微粒。针对特定手术(比如碎石术)、能量(比如激光能)、力(比如吸力)、流体(比如盐水)、微粒类型(比如石粉)、变硬的块状物(比如肾结石)或体腔(比如肾的内部)的任意参考提供了便利并且并非旨在限制本公开,除了所要求保护的之外。相应地,本公开中描述的概念可以被用于医疗或其他方面的任意类似装置、方法或系统。
方向性术语“近端的”和“远端的”用于描述本公开的相关组件和特征。近端指代更靠近本体或用户的外部的位置,而远端指代更靠近本体的内部的位置或进一步远离用户的位置。除非要求之外,这些方向性术语提供了方便并且并非旨在将本公开限制到特定方向或方位。如此处所使用的,术语“包括”、“包含”或类似变体旨在覆盖非排他性内含物,以使得包括元件列表的装置或方法不仅仅包含这些元件,而且还可以包含未被清晰地列出或其固有的其他元件。除非另外指定,术语“示例性地”被用在“示例”而非“理想”的意义上。
示例性系统10被描述在图1中,包括工作装置20和循环装置40。工作装置20和循环装置40被显示为、例如通过挂架2进行悬挂。现在描述工作装置20和循环装置40的方面。
工作装置20被示出在图1和图2中,例如作为细长护套21的远端22。装置20具有工作腔32、递送腔34和移除腔36。如在图2中所示的,每个腔具有位于远端22的远端表面24上对应的远端开口32D、34D或36D。当例如远端22被插入到体腔4和/或远端表面24定位成与变硬的块状物6相邻时,腔32、34和36可以被用于来执行碎石术手术。腔32、34和36中的每一个可以构造为执行不同的功能。工作腔32、例如可以向块状物6施加能量10(在图2中被显示为激光能),从而在腔4中生成微粒8。递送腔34可以将流体12(显示为盐水)移动到体腔4中以接合微粒8。并且移除腔36可以施加力14(示出为吸力),该力14使流体12和至少一些微粒8离开体腔4。
图2的工作装置20还具有感测腔38,该感测腔38在远端表面24上具有远端开口38D。至少一个传感器46容纳在腔38中并且可操作为检测流体12和/或腔4的一个或多个参数。例如,传感器46可以包括压力传感器、成像装置、温度传感器、生物传感器等,因此一个或多个参数可以包括压力、不透明度、温度、生物含量等。如以下进一步描述的,每个传感器46可以构造为通过向近端地延伸通过腔38(比如图2)的有线连接44或无线连接将一个或多个参数传输至循环装置40。
在一些方面,如在图1中所示的,工作装置20联接至循环装置40以及能量源41。能量源41引导能量10通过工作腔32。可以以任意公知的方式将能量10施加至变硬的块状物6。例如,如果源41为激光源,则工作腔32可以通过使用前火设计(forward fire design)来递送激光能,其中,能量被沿腔32的纵轴引导;或者通过使用横向设计(侧火)来递送激光能,其中能量被引导远离纵轴。源41不必为激光源,并且可替代地,可以为电能、水力能、机械能、超声波能和/或其他能量中的任意能源。在一些方面中,比如当能量10为由从工作腔32延伸的细长工具施加的机械力时,能量源41可以被省略。
如图1所示,循环装置40可以包括流体容器50、递送模块60、移除模块70、过滤元件80以及控制器90。模块60、70和控制器90中的每一个都显示为安装至循环装置40的壳体42,然而容器50和过滤元件80联接至装置40。例如,循环装置40、容器50和过滤元件80中的每一个均在图1中被显示为通过挂架2进行悬挂,其中流体容器50被提升高于壳体42和过滤元件80。任意的布置是可以的。现在,将描述这些元件中的每一个。
流体容器50联接至递送模块60和过滤元件80。例如,在图1中,容器50由管道52联接至模块60,以及由管道54联接至过滤元件80。流体容器在图1中被显示为构造成储存流体12的标准一次性一公升袋子,然而可以使用任意的储存器皿。可以通过使用任意管子类型(比如任意标准、医疗等级管子、包括由乳胶、硅胶等制成的那些管子)来提前或在现场形成管道52、54或此处描述的其他管道。
递送模块60联接至流体容器50以及递送腔34。例如,在图1中,模块60由管道52联接至容器50,以及由管道68联接至腔34。递送模块60可以包括泵64,泵64可操作为使流体12从容器50移动、通过模块60进入联接至其的管道68和腔34,然后离开远端开口34D进入到体腔4中。移除模块70联接至移除腔36和过滤元件80。例如,在图1中,模块70由管道78联接至腔36,以及由管道88联接至过滤元件80。过滤元件80继而由管道54连接至流体容器50,从而限定系统10内的第一循环回路。移除模块70可以包括泵74,泵74可操作为从体腔4移动流体12和至少一部分微粒8通过远端开口36D进入到移除腔36和联接至其的管道78,通过模块70进入到管道88、通过模块80进入到管道54,并且返回到流体容器54中。相应地,流体12可以通过装置40在第一循环回路中不断地循环。
过滤模块80构造为从管道88接收流体12,通过使用一个或多个过滤器84从流体12移除一部分微粒8,并且引导流体通过管道54进入到容器50中。过滤器84的方面被显示在图1和图5中。如所显示的,过滤器84可以为可从过滤模块80移除的滤芯。这种构造允许过滤器84在手术期间被断开以确保微粒8的最佳过滤,或者被替换以许可微粒8的目标部分的移除。多个过滤器84可以串联和/或并联使用以提供分层过滤和/或使停机时间最小化。如在图5中所示,例如,过滤器84可以包括由内部导管87连接的三个过滤元件84A、84B和84C,其中当过滤器84被放置在过滤模块80中时,内部导管87被放置成与管道54和88联通。在一些方面,元件84A可以构造为过滤第一尺寸的颗粒8,同时元件84B构造为过滤第二尺寸或更小尺寸的微粒8,以及元件84C过滤血液、化学物质或类似流体。
示例性控制器90被示出在图1中。如所显示的,控制器90包括处理模块92、输入装置94和输出装置96。处理模块92可以包括包含任意类型存储器的任意类型的处理器,所述处理器构造为手动或自动操作系统10。输入装置94可以为多个开关,并且输出装置可以为显示屏。对于手动操作,处理单元92可以从多个开关(比如以期望流速、例如大约10ml/s的循环流体12)接收用户命令,并且基于该用户命令(比如保持期望的流速)来操作递送模块60和移除模块70。在一些方面中,控制器90可以通过将由至少一个传感器46检测到的参数(比如流速)显示在输出装置96上来导向用户。对于自动操作,处理模块92可以从输入装置94接收初始用户命令(比如保持体腔4内部的流体的期望压力、比如大约6kPa),从至少一个传感器46接收流体12的一个或多个参数(比如所述压力的测量值),并且响应于该一个或多个参数来操作模块60和70(比如通过调节流速以保持期望的压力)。
如在图1中所示的,系统10还包括阀69,该阀69联接至流体容器50、递送模块60和过滤装置80。阀69可操作为形成系统10的第二循环回路。例如,阀69可以被手动操作为重新引导所有或一部分流体12从管道52返回通过递送模块60并且进入到过滤装置80中以进一步处理。阀69可以由控制器自动进行操作。例如,容器50或装置80可以包括传感器,该传感器构造为检测流体12的再循环参数(比如血液含量),并且将再循环参数传输至控制器90。阀69和递送模块60可以继而通过控制器90一起操作为将流体12的第一部分递送至腔4以及根据需要递送流体12的第二部分通过第二循环回路,直到再循环参数不再由传感器可检测到。控制器90可以进一步构造为操作模块60和移除模块70的任一个或两个以保持腔4内的期望压力。例如,控制器90可以使移除模块70以预定频率在打开和闭合之间循环从而防止腔4内的压力不平衡。
现在参考图1至图4来描述使用系统10的示例性方法100。如所显示的,方法100可以包括比如通过将护套21的远端22放置到体腔4中来将工作装置20放置到体腔4中的初始方法步骤102。如上所述,护套21可以包括联接至能量源41的工作腔32,联接至流体容器50的递送腔34,联接至过滤装置80和流体容器50的移除腔36。至少一个传感器46可以被安装在感测腔38中。每个腔可以具有例如可以在步骤102中被放置成与变硬的块状物6相邻的远端开口32D、34D、36D或38D,如在图2和图4中所示。
另一方法步骤104可以包括激励工作腔32以在体腔4中生成微粒8。这个激励步骤可以通过例如利用能量源41产生能量10以及引导能量10通过工作腔32至变硬的块状物6上,如图2所示,其中能量10被描述为引导到肾结石上的激光能。还可以在没有能量源41的情形下来使用方法100,其中步骤104包括使细长工具延伸通过腔32并且使用细长工具的远端来生成颗粒8。
图4的方法100可以被用于使流体12移动通过第一循环回路。例如,另一方法步骤106可以包括利用递送模块60使流体12从流体容器50移动到递送腔34中并且通过远端开口34D进入到体腔4中。例如,可以通过利用递送模块60的泵64泵送流体12来执行这个移动步骤。再一个方法步骤108可以包括利用移除模块70使流体12和包含在流体内的一部分微粒8从体腔4通过远端开口36D移动到腔36中、通过用于移除微粒8的过滤装置80并且返回进入到流体容器50中。可以通过例如、利用移除模块70的泵74泵送流体来执行这个移动步骤。
方法步骤106和108可以被手动执行。例如,如上所述已经如在图1至图4中所示,控制器90可以构造为从输入装置94接收用户命令(比如以期望速率使流体12循环),并且基于用户命令来操作递送模块60和移除模块70(比如以保持所述速率)。为了指导用户,附加方法步骤110可以包括利用至少一个传感器46检测体腔4中的流体12的一个或多个参数。附加步骤可以包括将一个或多个参数传输至处理器90;以及利用处理器90将一个或多个参数显示在输出装置96上。步骤110还可以包括基于一个或多个参数来手动调节模块60或70。例如,如上所述,至少一个传感器46可以包括压力传感器,因此一个或多个参数包括腔4内的流体12的压力,并且步骤110还包括基于被显示在输出装置96上的压力来手动调节模块60或70的流速。
根据方法100的其他方面,可以根据由处理模块92执行的算法由控制器90自动操作递送模块60和移除模块70。例如,步骤111可以可选地包括利用至少一个传感器46检测体腔4中的流体12的一个或多个参数;将一个或多个参数传输至控制器90;并且响应于一个或多个参数利用控制器90来操作第一模块60和第二模块70。例如,至少一个传感器46可以包括压力传感器,并且流体的一个或多个参数可以包括体腔4中的流体12的压力,因此控制器90可以被用于通过操作模块60或70来保持压力。算法可以实施特定的保护。例如,控制器90可以被用于防止腔4内的流体12的压力超过预定最大值,比如肾的破裂压力,无论模块60和70是被手动操作或自动操作。
方法100还可以被用于使流体12移动通过第二循环回路。例如,如上所述,阀69可以联接至流体容器50、递送腔34和过滤装置80。因此,另一方法步骤可以包括操作阀69以引导流体12从流体容器50返回过滤装置80通过其一次或多次。如果流体容器50由透明材料制成,则阀69可以用于、例如使流体12移动通过第二循环回路直到容器50中的流体12明显地不同。在一些方面,这种可选方法步骤可以包括利用传感器来检测流体12的再循环参数(比如血液含量);将再循环参数传输至处理器90;以及利用处理器90来操作阀69和递送模块以使流体12在第二循环回路中循环,根据需要,直到再循环参数不再由传感器可检测到。
现在参考图3描述可选循环装置240的示例性方面。装置240的任意特征可以与系统10或方法10的装置40的任意特征相结合,其中每个潜在的结合是本公开的一部分。为了便于参考,无论任何时候相同参考数字用于描述装置40和240。
类似于图1的装置40的图3的循环装置240可以包括流体容器250、递送模块260、移除模块270、过滤元件280和控制器290。装置240具有横跨在第一或顶部壳体部分242T和第二或底部壳体部分242B之间的细长壳体242。第三或中央部分242C被限定在其间以接收流体容器250,流体容器250在图3中被描述为从壳体242上的吊架243进行悬挂。递送模块260被显示为安装在底部壳体部分242B中,而移除模块270,过滤元件280和控制器290被显示为安装在顶部壳体部分242T中。这种构造可以允许装置240的全部、例如从挂架2悬挂进行以作为单一单元。
模块260可以构造为使流体12从容器250通过管道268移动到递送腔34中,如图3所示。如所显示的,模块270可以构造为使流体12和一部分微粒8从腔4进入到移除腔36、通过管道278、通过模块270、经由管道288A进入到过滤装置280中,并且通过管道254返回到流体容器250中,从而限定包括体腔4的第一循环回路。
第二循环回路也由装置240来限定。第二循环回路不包括腔4。例如,在图4中,控制器290包括阀269和传感器291。阀269由管道254联接至流体容器250和过滤装置280,由管道288B联接到模块270,从而限定第二循环回路,其中流体12可以通过装置280被循环返回。传感器291定位在例如、管道254上以测量离开过滤模块280的流体12的再循环参数(比如血液含量)。如果流体12不满足由控制器290建立的一组标准,则阀269可以操作为根据需要在所有的或一部分流体12返回转到容器50或体腔4之前使所有的或一部分流体12通过第二循环回路(比如通过管道288B)进行再循环,例如直到再循环参数不再是可检测到的。如所显示的,移除模块270和过滤装置280的接近允许第二循环回路变得更短。
方法100的任意步骤可以被改变为满足循环装置240的结构。例如,由于第二循环回路与装置240相比更短,因此步骤112可以被改变为使流体以预定比率在第一循环回路和第二循环回路之间循环。例如,流体12可以在进入到流体容器250之前多次通过过滤装置280,在不破坏系统10的性能的情形下这可以足够多的允许这些附加的过滤回路。
现在仍然描述系统10的其他可选方面。如前一样,这些可选方面的任意特征可以被结合以创建系统10的变体,每个潜在变体成为本公开的一部分。例如,工作装置20被描述为具有特定数量的腔(比如4个),每个腔构造为执行不同的功能。工作装置20可以具有任意数量的腔,每个腔构造为执行任意数量的功能。装置20可以包括附加过滤元件。例如,移除腔36的远端开口36D(图2)可以具有放置在其内的过滤器或屏幕以防止预定尺寸的任意微粒8进入和潜在地堵塞腔36。
工作装置20被描述为包括具有至少一个传感器46的传感器腔38。这些元件中的任何一个可以被改变。例如,替代感测腔38,工作装置20可以具有临近地延伸到远端表面22以接收传感器模块的传感器底板,如同传感器46一样,任意数量的传感器可以被包括在传感器模块中,传感器模块可以与控制器90进行有线或无线传输以执行此处描述的任意功能。附加传感器可以通过系统10进行部署。例如,附加传感器、像传感器291、可以被部署在流体容器50、递送模块60、移除模块70或过滤装置80中,每个传感器可操作为在上述限定第一循环回路或第二循环回路内检测任意点处的流体12的一个或多个参数。
循环装置40和240被描述为包括递送模块60或260,以及移除模块70或270。这些模块中的任何一个从系统10是可移除的或与系统10一体成型。例如,装置40的模块60和模块70可以可移除地联接至壳体42以便于置换。可选地,模块60和模块70的特定功能可以由与工作装置20联接的二次装置来执行。例如,模块50和60中的任何一个或两个可以联接至壳体12的端口,该端口继而和与二次装置相关的外部流体泵相联接。模块50和60还可以是可替代的和/或可扩展为向系统10提供附加能力。例如,每个模块60和70可以进一步构造为改变流体12的温度;向流体12引入另一试剂,比如对比剂、稀释剂或治疗剂;或另外地改变在特定手术期间使用的流体。可以通过一个模块置换出另一个模块、通过添加膨胀装置至任一个模块或通过另外使这些模块与另外装置或流体源联通来实现这些能力。
过滤装置80、例如被描述为联接至流体容器50和移除模块70,即使由于一个或多个过滤装置可以贯穿系统10而位于任何位置,这并不是所需要的。任意类型的过滤技术还可以被使用,包括部署构造为使所需用于使流体12通过装置80的力最小化的紫外线或其他低摩擦介质的那些技术。与上述相一致的是,这些能力可以过滤装置集成在一起、与过滤器84包含在一起或由另一模块化元件来提供。例如,过滤器84可以包含任意数量集成的或可移除的过滤元件、传感器和/或阀。在一些方面中,过滤器84可以构造为限定系统10内的一个或多个附加的循环回路或第三循环回路。可以通过向内部导管87添加回转部件和添加类似于此处描述的阀69(比如图1)的阀使第三循环回路例如形成为过滤器84。
容器50和250中的每一个均被描述为例如一次性的1公升袋子,比如公共地用于盐水的那些袋子,从而使系统10与现有供给一起使用。这不是所需要的。例如,流体容器250可以为循环装置240的一体成型组件,比如外壳242的隔室。虽然被描述为单一容器,应该理解的是,容器250的存储部件还可以贯穿系统10来分布。例如,模块260、模块270和装置280每一个可以包括它们自己的流体容器以确保系统10的平稳操作,即使容器250被暂时地中断。在一些方面,如果这些元件的分布电容相同或大于容器50的电容,则容器250可以被忽略。
如以前,显示在图4中的方法100的任意步骤可以被修改以容纳任意这些可选方面的结构。
系统10和方法100的多个属性通过上述公开是显而易见的。例如,系统10的一些方面可以通过允许医师利用清晰的可视化连续工作来有助于减少操作次数和碎石术手术的相关成本。与连续替换容器截然相反,通过使流体12再循环,系统10和方法100还可以减少浪费。如上所述,其他方面还可以通过预防腔4的过增压以及提供用于当流体12循环通过系统10时来分析流体12的多种参数的附加装置来增强安全性。例如,如果从腔4被移除的流体12包含微粒、血液等不可接受的量时,上述这些传感器中的任何一个可以被用于向医师进行告警。
虽然参考用于特定应用的示例性方面来描述本公开的原理,但本公开并非限于此。具有本领域技术和接近此处提供的教导的本领域技术人员将认知附加的修改、应用、方面和等同替换,所有这些都落入此处描述的多个方面的保护范围。相应地,本公开并非被视为由前述的说明书来限定。

Claims (22)

1.一种用在碎石术手术中的系统,包括:
护套,其包括工作腔、递送腔和移除腔;
过滤装置;
至少一个传感器,其可操作为检测流体的一个或多个参数;
递送模块,其联接至流体容器和所述递送腔;
移除模块,其连接至所述移除腔和过滤装置;
控制器;以及
阀,
其中,所述流体容器联接至所述过滤装置以当所述护套被放置在体腔中时限定用于使流体循环的至少一个循环回路,并且其中,所述阀通过所述控制器可操作为响应于所述一个或多个参数引导所述流体从所述流体容器返回到所述过滤装置中以形成另一循环回路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述至少一个传感器可操作为检测所述体腔的一个或多个参数。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其中,所述至少一个传感器位于所述护套的远端上。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的系统,所述控制器构造为响应于所述一个或多个参数来操作所述递送模块和移除模块。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述至少一个传感器包括压力传感器以及所述一个或多个参数包括在所述体腔中的流体的压力。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统,其中,所述控制器可操作为防止所述体腔中的流体超过预定最大压力。
7.根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的系统,其中,
所述递送模块包括第一泵,所述第一泵通过控制器可操作为使流体从所述流体容器移动并且通过所述递送腔移动到所述体腔中;以及
其中所述移除模块包括第二泵,所述第二泵通过控制器可操作为使流体和包含在其内的任何微粒从体腔离开通过所述移除腔、通过所述过滤装置并且返回到所述流体容器中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其中,至少一个传感器包括压力传感器,至少一个或多个参数包括所述体腔中的预定流体压力,并且所述控制器通过第一泵和第二泵中的操作来保持所述预定流体压力。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统,位于所述至少一个循环回路中的所述阀通过所述控制器可操作为响应于所述一个或多个参数引导流体从所述流体容器返回到所述过滤装置中。
10.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其中所述第一泵和第二泵可移除地安装到所述系统的循环装置的壳体。
11.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述流体容器和过滤装置可移除地安装到所述壳体。
12.根据权利要求1所述的系统,还包括联接至所述工作腔的激光源。
13.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述流体为盐水并且所述流体容器为盐水袋。
14.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述过滤装置包括可移除地附接至其的至少三个过滤器。
15.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述传感器可操作为检测流体中的血液的量。
16.一种用在碎石术手术中的系统,包括:
护套,其具有工作腔、递送腔和移除腔;
至少一个传感器,其可操作为检测流体的一个或多个参数;
过滤装置,其中,所述过滤装置包括以可移除的过滤器滤芯形式的一个或多个过滤器;
循环装置,其包括联接到流体容器和递送腔的第一泵,联接到移除腔和过滤装置的第二泵;以及控制器,所述控制器响应于所述一个或多个参数来操作所述第一泵和第二泵;以及
阀,
其中,
所述流体容器联接至所述过滤装置以当所述护套被放置在体腔中时限定至少一个循环回路,并且其中,所述阀控制至少一个循环回路的一部分并且通过所述控制器可操作为响应于所述一个或多个参数将所述流体从所述流体容器引导到所述过滤装置中以形成第二循环回路。
17.根据权利要求16所述的系统,其中,所述至少一个传感器包括压力传感器、成像装置和温度传感器中的一个。
18.根据权利要求16所述的系统,其中,所述至少一个传感器位于所述护套上并且包括压力传感器,所述一个或多个参数包括所述体腔中的预定流体压力,以及所述控制器通过所述第一泵和第二泵的操作来保持所述预定流体压力。
19.根据权利要求16所述的系统,所述阀在所述至少一个循环回路中。
20.根据权利要求16所述的系统,其中,所述过滤装置包括串联连接的可移除地附接至其的至少三个过滤器。
21.根据权利要求16所述的系统,其中,至少所述第一泵和第二泵可移除地安装至所述循环装置的外壳。
22.根据权利要求21所述的系统,其中,所述控制器进一步包括在所述循环装置的外壳上的输入装置和输出装置。
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