CN107370244A - A kind of magnetic coil position detecting device and method for detecting position for induction wireless charging - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic coil position detecting device and method for detecting position for induction wireless charging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置，包括三个检测线圈、发射线圈、接收线圈和电磁感应充电装置的副边线圈。三个检测线圈是由导电线圈绕制的非闭合线圈，三个检测线圈围成圆形且在接收线圈上平面，线圈面积大小完全相同，三个检测线圈围成的圆形的中心在平面上呈正三角形排布，且正三角形的中心与电磁感应充电装置的副边线圈的中心重合。检测线圈感应电动势的方法包括两种，第一种是采用精密整流电路加RC滤波的方式，另一种是通过本振、模拟乘法器加滤波器的方式。本发明能够精确测量能量发射线圈和接收线圈相互间的位置关系，给出移动机构的导引，有利于提高能量发射线圈和接收线圈间的耦合系数，提高电磁感应充电的效率。
A magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging, comprising three detection coils, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a secondary coil of an electromagnetic induction charging device. The three detection coils are non-closed coils wound by conductive coils. The three detection coils form a circle and are on the plane above the receiving coil. The coil areas are exactly the same. The center of the circle surrounded by the three detection coils is on the plane. Arranged in an equilateral triangle, and the center of the equilateral triangle coincides with the center of the secondary coil of the electromagnetic induction charging device. There are two ways to detect the induced electromotive force of the coil. The first is to use a precision rectifier circuit plus RC filter, and the other is to use a local oscillator, an analog multiplier and a filter. The invention can accurately measure the mutual positional relationship between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and provides the guidance of the moving mechanism, which is beneficial to improving the coupling coefficient between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and improving the efficiency of electromagnetic induction charging.
Description
技术领域:Technical field:
本发明涉及电学领域，尤其涉及无线充电技术，特别是一种用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置及位置检测方法。The invention relates to the field of electricity, in particular to wireless charging technology, in particular to a magnetic coil position detection device and a position detection method for electromagnetic induction wireless charging.
背景技术:Background technique:
电磁感应式无线充电已被广泛应用于电动汽车、手机通讯以及无线卫星等领域。该充电方式中的能量发射线圈与接收线圈间的相对位置对于电能传输的效率有着严重的影响。通常，两线圈间的耦合系数越大，传输电能的效率越高。但线圈不同的相对位置，将会使两线圈的耦合系数产生很大的差异，从而带来效率的急剧变化。因而，采用低成本、简单、可靠的位置检测装置，对于提升感应式无线能量传输系统的效率具有重要的意义。Electromagnetic induction wireless charging has been widely used in fields such as electric vehicles, mobile phone communications, and wireless satellites. The relative position between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil in this charging mode has a serious impact on the efficiency of power transmission. Generally, the greater the coupling coefficient between the two coils, the higher the efficiency of transmitting electric energy. However, the different relative positions of the coils will cause a large difference in the coupling coefficients of the two coils, resulting in a sharp change in efficiency. Therefore, the use of a low-cost, simple and reliable position detection device is of great significance for improving the efficiency of the inductive wireless energy transfer system.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置，所述的这种用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置要解决现有技术中传统电磁感应充电装置的能量发射线圈与接收线圈相互间的位置关系和移动机构的导引不当导致两线圈耦合系数不高、电磁感应充电效率低下的技术问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging. The magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging should solve the problem of traditional electromagnetic induction charging in the prior art. The positional relationship between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the device and the improper guidance of the moving mechanism lead to the technical problems of low coupling coefficient of the two coils and low efficiency of electromagnetic induction charging.
本发明的这种用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置，包括第一检测线圈、第二检测线圈、第三检测线圈、发射线圈、接收线圈和电磁感应充电装置的副边线圈，其中，所述的副边线圈设置在接收线圈上平面中央，所述的发射线圈设置在接收线圈上方，所述的第一检测线圈、第二检测线圈、第三检测线圈设置在接收线圈上平面且分别各自围成面积大小完全等同的圆形形状，所述的圆形形状的中心连线在同一平面上呈正三角形排布，所述的正三角形的中心与电磁感应充电装置的副边线圈的中心重合，所述的第一检测线圈、第二检测线圈、第三检测线圈均由导电线圈绕制。The magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging of the present invention includes a first detection coil, a second detection coil, a third detection coil, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a secondary coil of the electromagnetic induction charging device, Wherein, the secondary coil is arranged in the center of the upper plane of the receiving coil, the transmitting coil is arranged above the receiving coil, and the first detecting coil, the second detecting coil and the third detecting coil are arranged in the upper plane of the receiving coil And they respectively surround circular shapes with completely equal areas and sizes, and the central connection lines of the circular shapes are arranged in an equilateral triangle on the same plane, and the center of the equilateral triangle is connected with the secondary coil of the electromagnetic induction charging device. The centers are coincident, and the first detection coil, the second detection coil and the third detection coil are all wound by conductive coils.
进一步的，第一检测线圈、第二检测线圈、第三检测线圈所用材料和导电特性完全一致。Further, the materials and conductive properties of the first detection coil, the second detection coil and the third detection coil are completely consistent.
进一步的，第一检测线圈、第二检测线圈、第三检测线圈均是非闭合线圈。Further, the first detection coil, the second detection coil and the third detection coil are all non-closed coils.
本发明还提供了一种利用上述检测装置实现的磁性线圈位置检测方法，其中，将输入的感应电动势信号通过精密整流电路，后接滤波电阻、滤波电容构成的RC滤波电路，将经过整流电路输出的电压变为稳定直流电压以供测量。The present invention also provides a magnetic coil position detection method realized by the above-mentioned detection device, in which, the input induced electromotive force signal is passed through a precision rectification circuit, followed by an RC filter circuit composed of a filter resistor and a filter capacitor, and then output through the rectification circuit The voltage becomes a stable DC voltage for measurement.
进一步的，将感应电动势信号与同频的正弦或余弦三角函数相乘后，再经过低通滤波器无限积分，得到解调后的信号及幅值信息以供测量。Further, the induced electromotive force signal is multiplied by a sine or cosine trigonometric function of the same frequency, and then infinitely integrated through a low-pass filter to obtain a demodulated signal and amplitude information for measurement.
本发明和已有技术相比较，其效果是积极和明显的。本发明的这种用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置及位置检测方法，包括三个检测线圈，检测线圈感应电动势的测量，以及最后的实现控制策略。三个检测线圈是由导电线圈绕制；检测线圈感应电动势的测量包括两种方法，第一种是采用精密整流电路加RC滤波的方式，另一种是通过本振、模拟乘法器加滤波器的方式；实现控制策略包括将测量的感应电动势进行计算，并得出为对准能量发射线圈和接收线圈应如何移动位置。所述的三个检测线圈都是非闭合线圈，三个检测线圈所用材料和导电特性完全一致，三个检测线圈分别围成的形状为圆形且在同一平面内，面积相等，大小完全相同，三个检测线圈围成的圆形的中心在平面上呈正三角形排布，且正三角形的中心与电磁感应充电装置的副边线圈的中心重合。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has positive and obvious effects. The magnetic coil position detection device and position detection method for electromagnetic induction wireless charging of the present invention include three detection coils, the measurement of the induced electromotive force of the detection coils, and the final realization of the control strategy. The three detection coils are wound by conductive coils; the measurement of the induced electromotive force of the detection coils includes two methods, the first is to use a precision rectifier circuit plus RC filter, and the other is to use a local oscillator, an analog multiplier and a filter The way to realize the control strategy includes calculating the measured induced electromotive force, and obtaining how to move the position of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil for aligning the energy. The three detection coils are all non-closed coils, the materials and conductive properties of the three detection coils are exactly the same, the shape of the three detection coils is circular and in the same plane, the area is equal, and the size is exactly the same. The center of the circle surrounded by the detection coils is arranged in a regular triangle on the plane, and the center of the regular triangle coincides with the center of the secondary coil of the electromagnetic induction charging device.
所述的检测线圈感应电动势的测量的第一种方法是由一个经典精密整流电路构成的，将检测线圈上感应出的正弦电压整流，并通过RC滤波电路，变为稳定的直流电压以便测量。The first method of measuring the induced electromotive force of the detection coil is composed of a classic precision rectification circuit, which rectifies the sinusoidal voltage induced on the detection coil, and passes through the RC filter circuit to become a stable DC voltage for measurement.
所述的检测线圈感应电动势的测量的第二种方法由本振、模拟乘法器和滤波器构成，充分利用检测线圈上感应出的为正弦电压及正弦函数的正交性，并通过滤波器解调，从而测出感应电动势。The second method of measuring the induced electromotive force of the detection coil is composed of a local oscillator, an analog multiplier and a filter, fully utilizes the orthogonality of the sinusoidal voltage and the sinusoidal function induced on the detection coil, and demodulates it through the filter , so as to measure the induced electromotive force.
实现控制策略为在同一次测量中，得出u1:u2:u3的比值(三个检测线圈感应电动势的比值)，由此来判断能量发射线圈与接收线圈间的相对位置，并按照电压最高的那个检测线圈方向移动接收线圈位置来将能量发射线圈与接收线圈对准。The realization of the control strategy is to obtain the ratio of u 1 : u 2 : u 3 (the ratio of the induced electromotive force of the three detection coils) in the same measurement, so as to judge the relative position between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and follow the The sense coil with the highest voltage moves the position of the receiver coil to align the energy transmitter coil with the receiver coil.
本发明能够精确测量能量发射线圈和接收线圈相互间的位置关系，给出移动机构的导引，以便之后的校准，有利于提高能量发射线圈和接收线圈间的耦合系数，可大大提高电磁感应充电的效率；本发明的结构精简，便于实现，经济实用性很强，可实现批量生产使用。The invention can accurately measure the mutual positional relationship between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and provide the guidance of the moving mechanism for subsequent calibration, which is conducive to improving the coupling coefficient between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and can greatly improve the electromagnetic induction charging The efficiency; the structure of the present invention is simplified, easy to implement, economical and practical, and can be used in mass production.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1是本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置的工作流程图。FIG. 1 is a working flow chart of the magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging according to the present invention.
图2是本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置中三个检测线圈相互位置关系的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the mutual positional relationship of three detection coils in the magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging according to the present invention.
图3是本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置中三个检测线圈与能量接收线圈相互位置关系的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the mutual positional relationship between the three detection coils and the energy receiving coil in the magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging according to the present invention.
图4是本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测方法中通过精密整流联合RC滤波方法检测线圈感应电动势的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of detection of coil induced electromotive force by precision rectification combined with RC filtering method in the magnetic coil position detection method for electromagnetic induction wireless charging of the present invention.
图5是本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测方法中通过本振、模拟乘法器加滤波器联合工作检测线圈感应电动势的示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of detection of coil induced electromotive force through joint operation of local oscillator, analog multiplier and filter in the magnetic coil position detection method for electromagnetic induction wireless charging of the present invention.
图6、图7是本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置实现控制策略的示意图。FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are schematic diagrams of the control strategy implemented by the magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging according to the present invention.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
实施例一:Embodiment one:
如图1、图2和图3所示，本发明的这种用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置，包括第一检测线圈V5、第二检测线圈V4、第三检测线圈V3、发射线圈1、接收线圈2和电磁感应充电装置的副边线圈S1，其中，所述的副边线圈S1设置在接收线圈2上平面中央，所述的发射线圈1设置在接收线圈2上方，所述的第一检测线圈V5、第二检测线圈V4、第三检测线圈V3设置在接收线圈2上平面且分别各自围成面积大小完全等同的圆形形状，所述的圆形形状的中心连线在同一平面上呈正三角形排布，所述的正三角形的中心与电磁感应充电装置的副边线圈S1的中心重合，所述的第一检测线圈V5、第二检测线圈V4、第三检测线圈V3均由导电线圈绕制。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging of the present invention includes a first detection coil V5, a second detection coil V4, a third detection coil V3, The transmitting coil 1, the receiving coil 2 and the secondary coil S1 of the electromagnetic induction charging device, wherein the secondary coil S1 is arranged in the center of the upper plane of the receiving coil 2, and the transmitting coil 1 is arranged above the receiving coil 2, the The first detection coil V5, the second detection coil V4, and the third detection coil V3 are arranged on the plane of the receiving coil 2 and respectively surround a circular shape with exactly the same area and size, and the connecting line between the centers of the circular shapes Arranged in a regular triangle on the same plane, the center of the regular triangle coincides with the center of the secondary coil S1 of the electromagnetic induction charging device, the first detection coil V5, the second detection coil V4, and the third detection coil V3 Both are wound with conductive coils.
进一步的，第一检测线圈V5、第二检测线圈V4、第三检测线圈V3所用材料和导电特性完全一致。Further, the materials and conductive properties of the first detection coil V5, the second detection coil V4, and the third detection coil V3 are completely consistent.
进一步的，第一检测线圈V5、第二检测线圈V4、第三检测线圈V3均是非闭合线圈。Further, the first detection coil V5, the second detection coil V4, and the third detection coil V3 are all non-closed coils.
进一步的，根据本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置的位置检测方法，其特征在于：将输入的感应电动势信号通过精密整流电路，后接滤波电阻Rf、滤波电容Cf构成的RC滤波电路，将经过整流电路输出的电压变为稳定直流电压以供测量。Further, the position detection method of the magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging according to the present invention is characterized in that: the input induced electromotive force signal is passed through a precision rectification circuit, followed by a filter resistor R f and a filter capacitor C The RC filter circuit formed by f changes the voltage output by the rectifier circuit into a stable DC voltage for measurement.
进一步的，根据本发明的用于电磁感应式无线充电的磁性线圈位置检测装置的位置检测方法，其特征在于：将感应电动势信号与同频的正弦或余弦三角函数相乘后，再经过低通滤波器无限积分，得到解调后的信号及幅值信息以供测量。Further, the position detection method of the magnetic coil position detection device for electromagnetic induction wireless charging according to the present invention is characterized in that: after multiplying the induced electromotive force signal with a sine or cosine trigonometric function of the same frequency, and then passing through the low-pass The filter is infinitely integrated to obtain the demodulated signal and amplitude information for measurement.
如图4所示，精密整流联合RC滤波方法检测线圈感应电动势的位置检测方法，包括由运算放大器U1和U2、二极管D1和D2和若干电阻构成的精密整流电路和滤波电阻Rf、滤波电容Cf构成的RC滤波电路。当输入电压为正时，D1截止，D2导通。这时R1、R3和U1共同构成一个放大倍数为-1的反向放大电路。R2、R4、R7和U2共同构成了个反向加法电路。通过电阻R7的支路的放大倍数为-1，通过R4的支路的放大倍数为-2，所以对于正电压输入，整个电路的放大倍数为1；当输入为负电压时，D1导通，D2截止，这时U1的作用为将R1的左端电位钳位在0V，而U2的反馈作用使得R4的右端电位为0，因此，R1、R4这个支路两端电位相等、没有电流的，实际上是不起任何作用的，这时整个电路其实就是R2、R7和U2组成的放大倍数为-1反向放大电路。综合上面两种情况，该电路的功能就是将输入信号求绝对值，也就是精密整流功能。后接滤波电阻Rf、滤波电容Cf构成的RC滤波电路，将整流出的电压变为稳定直流电压以供测量。As shown in Figure 4, the precision rectification combined with RC filter method is a position detection method for detecting coil induced electromotive force, including a precision rectification circuit composed of operational amplifiers U 1 and U 2 , diodes D 1 and D 2 and several resistors and a filter resistor R f , RC filter circuit composed of filter capacitor C f . When the input voltage is positive, D1 is off and D2 is on . At this time, R 1 , R 3 and U 1 jointly form an inverse amplifier circuit with a magnification factor of -1. R 2 , R 4 , R 7 and U 2 together constitute a reverse addition circuit. The magnification of the branch through resistor R7 is -1 , and the magnification of the branch through R4 is -2, so for positive voltage input, the magnification of the whole circuit is 1; when the input is negative voltage, D 1 It is turned on and D 2 is cut off. At this time, the function of U 1 is to clamp the potential of the left end of R 1 at 0V, and the feedback of U 2 makes the potential of the right end of R 4 to be 0. Therefore, the branch of R 1 and R 4 If the potentials at both ends are equal and there is no current, it does not actually have any effect. At this time, the whole circuit is actually an inverse amplification circuit composed of R 2 , R 7 and U 2 with a magnification of -1. Combining the above two situations, the function of this circuit is to calculate the absolute value of the input signal, that is, the precision rectification function. An RC filter circuit composed of a filter resistor R f and a filter capacitor C f is then connected to convert the rectified voltage into a stable DC voltage for measurement.
如图5所示，本振、模拟乘法器和滤波器构成的检测线圈感应电动势的位置检测方法中，设无线充电频率为ω，则感应出的电动势的频率也为ω。利用本振产生频率同为ω的正弦波而在无线充电过程中，由于有噪声干扰信号N(t)混入，并且产生一定的衰减和延时，其感应出的电信号为其中有用信号为θ为有用感应信号与本振信号的相位差。根据三角函数系的正交原理，任意满足狄利赫里条件的信号都可以通过傅里叶展开为三角正交函数集的线性组合的形式，而且只有两个相同频率的正弦或是余弦三角函数相乘以后再经过无限积分可得到两者幅值与sinθ或是cosθ(其中θ是两者相位差)的乘积，而不同频率的正弦或是余弦三角函数相乘后再经过无限积分得到的都是0。因此我们用一个同频的正弦或是余弦三角函数与感应电动势信号相乘，然后再将乘积无限积分，这样感应电动势信号中与本振信号中频率不同的信号分量(即干扰噪声分量)就会在与本振信号相乘后积分为0，而将与本振信号相同频率的信号分量(即有用信号分量)的幅值从干扰信号中提取出来，实现解调。而无限积分环节可以由低通滤波器实现，这样可以得到解调后的信号为y＝0.5ABcosθ，由此得到幅值信息。As shown in Figure 5, in the position detection method of the detection coil induced electromotive force composed of local oscillator, analog multiplier and filter, if the frequency of wireless charging is ω, then the frequency of the induced electromotive force is also ω. Use the local oscillator to generate a sine wave with the same frequency ω In the wireless charging process, due to the noise interference signal N(t) mixed in, and a certain attenuation and delay are generated, the induced electrical signal is Among them, the useful signal is θ is the phase difference between the useful induction signal and the local oscillator signal. According to the orthogonal principle of the trigonometric function system, any signal that satisfies the Diliherian condition can be expanded into the form of a linear combination of trigonometric orthogonal function sets through Fourier expansion, and there are only two sine or cosine trigonometric functions of the same frequency After multiplication and then infinite integration, the product of the amplitude of the two and sinθ or cosθ (where θ is the phase difference between the two) can be obtained, while the multiplication of sine or cosine trigonometric functions of different frequencies and then infinite integration can be obtained. is 0. Therefore, we multiply the induced electromotive force signal with a sine or cosine trigonometric function of the same frequency, and then integrate the product infinitely, so that the signal component (that is, the interference noise component) in the induced electromotive force signal and the frequency of the local oscillator signal is different. After being multiplied by the local oscillator signal, the integral is 0, and the amplitude of the signal component with the same frequency as the local oscillator signal (that is, the useful signal component) is extracted from the interference signal to realize demodulation. The infinite integral link can be realized by a low-pass filter, so that the demodulated signal can be obtained as y=0.5ABcosθ, and thus the amplitude information can be obtained.
如图6、图7所示，实现控制策略时，分别检测三个检测线圈V3、V4、V5上的感应电动势u1，u2和u3，在同一次测量中，得出u1:u2:u3的比值(三个检测线圈感应电动势的比值)，由此来判断能量发射线圈1与接收线圈2间的相对位置，并按照电压最高的那个检测线圈方向移动接收线圈2位置来将能量发射线圈1与接收线圈2对准。例如u1:u2:u3＝1.2:1:1，故应将接收线圈2向第一检测线圈V5方向移动并一直监测u1:u2:u3，校准最终得到u1:u2:u3＝1:1:1时表明原副边线圈S1中心已对准。As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, when the control strategy is implemented, the induced electromotive forces u1, u2 and u3 on the three detection coils V3, V4 and V5 are detected respectively, and the ratio of u1:u2:u3 is obtained in the same measurement (The ratio of the induced electromotive force of the three detection coils), thereby judging the relative position between the energy transmitting coil 1 and the receiving coil 2, and moving the position of the receiving coil 2 according to the direction of the detection coil with the highest voltage to connect the energy transmitting coil 1 and the receiving coil Coil 2 is aligned. For example, u1:u2:u3＝1.2:1:1, so the receiving coil 2 should be moved to the direction of the first detection coil V5 and monitor u1:u2:u3 all the time, and finally get u1:u2:u3＝1:1:1 after calibration , indicating that the center of the primary and secondary coil S1 has been aligned.
本发明能够精确测量能量发射线圈和接收线圈相互间的位置关系，给出移动机构的导引，以便之后的校准，有利于提高能量发射线圈和接收线圈间的耦合系数，可大大提高电磁感应充电的效率；本发明的结构精简，便于实现，经济实用性很强，可实现批量生产使用。The invention can accurately measure the mutual positional relationship between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and provide the guidance of the moving mechanism for subsequent calibration, which is conducive to improving the coupling coefficient between the energy transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and can greatly improve the electromagnetic induction charging The efficiency; the structure of the present invention is simplified, easy to implement, economical and practical, and can be used in mass production.
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