CN107367387B - Axial static friction force testing device for ball bearing and elastic support in low-temperature environment - Google Patents
Axial static friction force testing device for ball bearing and elastic support in low-temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107367387B CN107367387B CN201610320178.3A CN201610320178A CN107367387B CN 107367387 B CN107367387 B CN 107367387B CN 201610320178 A CN201610320178 A CN 201610320178A CN 107367387 B CN107367387 B CN 107367387B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000001034 Frostbite Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an axial static friction force testing device for a ball bearing and an elastic support in a low-temperature environment, which is suitable for the field of low-temperature liquid rocket engine turbopumps and can be also used in the field of other low-temperature rotating machinery. The assistor is fixed on the support frame, and the two displacement sensors are fixed on the support frame; the heat-insulating cover comprises a cylinder cover heat-insulating layer, a cylinder cover, a U-shaped clamping groove and a cylinder cover handle, wherein the U-shaped clamping groove and the cylinder cover handle are welded on the cylinder cover, and the cylinder cover heat-insulating layer is adhered on the cylinder cover; the heat-insulating cylinder comprises a cylinder handle, a cylinder heat-insulating layer, a cylinder wall, a cylinder bottom and a T-shaped groove support, wherein the cylinder handle, the cylinder wall, the cylinder bottom and the T-shaped groove support are welded into a whole; the T-shaped sliding rail is welded on the supporting frame and is matched with the T-shaped groove support to fix the heat preservation cylinder. The invention can realize the test of the static friction force of the ball bearing and the elastic support in a low-temperature environment and provide a data basis for reasonable selection of the gap between the ball bearing and the elastic support.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an axial static friction force testing device for a ball bearing and an elastic support in a low-temperature environment, which is suitable for the field of low-temperature liquid rocket engine turbopumps and can be also used in the field of other low-temperature rotating machinery.
Background
The bearing and the elastic support are supporting key parts of the high-speed rotor, and are widely applied to various industries in the field of rotary machinery. The reasonable selection of the radial fit clearance between the bearing and the elastic support is important for the reliable operation of the bearing, especially for the high-power low-temperature liquid rocket engine turbopump. In such a turbine pump, the bearing outer ring and the elastic support should be operated as free of relative sliding friction in the circumferential direction as possible, in order to avoid overheating of the friction, which could lead to vaporization of the cooling medium or to large changes in the bearing guide gap. Meanwhile, because the axial force of the high-power turbine pump is large, an axial force balance system must be adopted, and the rotor system is required to freely move in the axial direction when the system works, otherwise, the bearing is damaged due to the fact that the bearing bears excessive axial force, and therefore the axial friction force between the bearing and the elastic support cannot be excessive. Therefore, the fit clearance between the bearing and the elastic support is very difficult to reasonably select.
For the low-temperature liquid rocket engine turbopump, in order to facilitate the assembly and the disassembly of the bearing and the elastic support at normal temperature, clearance fit is usually selected between the bearing and the elastic support, and the elastic support is made of a material with a linear expansion coefficient higher than that of an outer ring of the bearing. Under the low-temperature working environment, due to the difference of the low-temperature shrinkage of the materials of the two, the fit clearance is converted into interference fit, so that a certain radial pretightening force is provided between the two. Therefore, it is very necessary to measure the axial static friction force of both in the working environment at the initial stage of design. The existing bearing measuring device is concentrated on measuring the overall performance and circumferential static friction moment of the bearing in a normal temperature or low temperature environment, and an axial static friction force testing device for the bearing and an elastic support in the low temperature environment is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the matching clearance between the low-temperature engine bearing and the elastic support is difficult to select, the invention provides the axial static friction force testing device for the ball bearing and the elastic support in a low-temperature environment, so that the static friction force of the ball bearing and the elastic support is tested in the low-temperature environment, and a data basis is provided for reasonable selection of the clearance between the ball bearing and the elastic support.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an axial static friction force testing device of a ball bearing and an elastic support in a low-temperature environment comprises a booster, a displacement sensor, a support frame, a heat preservation cover, a heat preservation cylinder and a T-shaped slide rail; the assistor is fixed on the support frame, and the two displacement sensors are fixed on the support frame; the heat-insulating cover comprises a cylinder cover heat-insulating layer, a cylinder cover, a U-shaped clamping groove and a cylinder cover handle, wherein the U-shaped clamping groove and the cylinder cover handle are welded on the cylinder cover, and the cylinder cover heat-insulating layer is adhered on the cylinder cover; the heat-insulating cylinder comprises a cylinder handle, a cylinder heat-insulating layer, a cylinder wall, a cylinder bottom and a T-shaped groove support, wherein the cylinder handle, the cylinder wall, the cylinder bottom and the T-shaped groove support are welded into a whole; the T-shaped sliding rail is welded on the supporting frame and is matched with the T-shaped groove support to fix the heat preservation cylinder.
The working process of the device is as follows: the heat preservation cylinder is fixed on the support frame through the matching of the T-shaped groove support and the T-shaped sliding rail; fixing the bearing at the shaft shoulder by screwing the nut, then assembling the elastic support and the bearing, passing the support rod through the hole of the shaft after assembling, placing the adjusting pad at the central position in the heat preservation cylinder, and finally hanging the test object at the high point of the inverted L-shaped clamping groove in the heat preservation cylinder through the support rod; slowly pouring low-temperature liquid into the heat preservation cylinder, covering the heat preservation cover after the liquid completely submerges the tested elastic support and the bearing, enabling the U-shaped clamping groove to clamp the support rod, and standing for a period of time to enable the elastic support and the bearing to be reduced from a normal temperature environment to a low temperature environment; the heat-insulating cover is rotated by the cylinder cover handle, so that the U-shaped clamping groove drives the supporting rod to rotate to the position above the low point of the L-shaped clamping groove, the height of a test object is reduced, and the elastic support and the adjusting pad are changed from a gap to a fitting state; adding a cushion block on the shaft, slowly loading the upper part of the shaft through the cushion block by using a booster or a universal testing machine, and monitoring the relative displacement of the cushion block; when the relative displacement of the cushion block is suddenly changed, the relative sliding between the elastic support and the bearing is shown, and at the moment, the inflection point of a change curve of the test force value is recorded to obtain a test force value of the shafting which starts to slide relatively; decomposing a test object, and measuring the total weight of the cushion block, the support rod, the shaft, the bearing and the tightening nut; the low temperature mating static friction force of the bearing and the elastic support is the sum of the total weight measured and the test force value for relative sliding.
The assistor is fixed on the support frame through bolts.
The two displacement sensors are fixed on the support frame through hexagonal nuts.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
the invention is suitable for the field of low-temperature liquid rocket engine turbopumps, can be also used in the field of other rotary machinery, and has the following advantages:
(1) The test range is wide, and the measurement accuracy is high. The temperature of the tested bearing and the elastic support can be adjusted by injecting different low-temperature mediums into the heat-preserving cylinder, and the test can be performed within the temperature range of 20-288K; through the structural design of the reinforced heat preservation cylinder base, the force measuring range of the device can reach 0-10000N; the axial force loading can realize the accurate loading of the axial force through a booster or a universal testing machine, and the precision is higher.
(2) The universality is good. The axial static friction force measurement requirements of bearings and elastic supports with different specifications can be met only by adjusting the diameter of the shaft and the height of the adjusting pad.
(3) The safety is better. The tested piece and the force transmission movable shaft are basically arranged in the closed heat preservation cylinder, so that low-temperature liquid can be prevented from splashing in the testing process, the device can be fixed on the support frame through the matching of the T-shaped groove support (17) and the T-shaped slide rail (7), and the occurrence of low-temperature frostbite accidents caused by the toppling of the heat preservation cylinder in the testing process is avoided.
(4) The operation is simple, and the convenience is certain. The height reduction of the measured object can be indirectly controlled by only rotating the handle of the heat preservation cover, the operation is simple and convenient, and the loading of the axial force can be controlled and displayed by a computer.
(5) Simple structure and low cost. The invention has simple structure, lower requirement on the processing precision of parts and low manufacturing cost, can also load by means of the existing universal testing machine, realizes the measurement of low-temperature axial friction force, and obtains high-precision test data with less investment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a test apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a clamping tool;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the connection structure of an inverted L-shaped groove, a U-shaped clamping groove and a support rod;
in the figure: 1. a stress application device; 2. a displacement sensor; 3. a support frame; 4. a cushion block; 5. a thermal insulation cover; 6. a heat preservation cylinder; 7. a T-shaped slide rail; 8. a cylinder cover heat preservation layer; 9. a cylinder cover; 10. a U-shaped clamping groove; 11. a cylinder cover handle; 12. a support rod; 13. a cartridge handle; 14. a barrel insulation layer; 15. a cylinder wall; 16. a barrel bottom; 17. a T-shaped groove support; 18. an L-shaped clamping groove; 19. a shaft; 20. an elastic support; 21. a bearing; 22. tightening the nut; 23. and (5) adjusting the pad.
Detailed Description
The structural function of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the axial static friction force testing device of the ball bearing and the elastic support in the low-temperature environment comprises a booster 1, a displacement sensor 2, a supporting frame 3, a heat preservation cover 5, a heat preservation cylinder 6 and a T-shaped sliding rail 7;
the assistor 1 is fixed on the support frame 3 through bolts, so that the loading of the axial force of the test assembly can be realized; the two displacement sensors 2 are fixed on the support frame 3 through hexagonal nuts and are used for monitoring the relative displacement of the cushion block 4; the heat preservation cover 5 comprises a cylinder cover heat preservation layer 8, a cylinder cover 9, a U-shaped clamping groove 10 and a cylinder cover handle 11, wherein the U-shaped clamping groove 10 and the cylinder cover handle 11 are welded on the cylinder cover 9, the cylinder cover heat preservation layer 8 is adhered on the cylinder cover 9 through low temperature glue and made of materials with low heat conductivity coefficients, so that the heat preservation cover can effectively isolate the transmission of external heat, prevent low-temperature liquid in the heat preservation cylinder 6 from being quickly heated and vaporized, and avoid the influence of external heat sources on the test effect of the test; the heat preservation cylinder 6 comprises a cylinder handle 13, a cylinder heat preservation layer 14, a cylinder wall 15, a cylinder bottom 16 and a T-shaped groove support 17, wherein the cylinder handle 13, the cylinder wall 15, the cylinder bottom 16 and the T-shaped groove support 17 are welded into a whole, an inverted L-shaped clamping groove 18 is formed in the cylinder wall 15 and used for adjusting the height of a measured object, and the cylinder heat preservation layer 14 is adhered on the cylinder wall 15 and the cylinder bottom 16 through low-temperature glue and has the same function as the cylinder cover heat preservation layer 8; the T-shaped sliding rail 7 is welded on the support frame 3, and the T-shaped sliding rail is matched with the T-shaped groove support 17, so that the heat-preserving cylinder 6 can be fixed, and the low-temperature frostbite accident caused by side turning of the heat-preserving cylinder 6 is prevented; the test assembly includes a support bar 12, a shaft 19, a resilient support 20, bearings 21, a tightening nut 22 and an adjustment pad 23.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
(1) Fixing the heat-preserving cylinder 6
The heat preservation cylinder 6 is fixed on the support frame 3 through the matching of the T-shaped groove support 17 and the T-shaped slide rail 7;
(2) Assembling test assemblies
The bearing 21 is fixed at the shoulder of the shaft 19 by tightening the nut 22, then the elastic support 20 and the bearing 21 are assembled, the support rod 12 passes through the hole of the shaft 19 after the assembly, the adjusting pad 23 is arranged at the center position in the heat preservation cylinder 6, and finally the test object is hung at the high point of the inverted L-shaped clamping groove 18 in the heat preservation cylinder 6 through the support rod 12.
(3) Establishing a low-temperature test environment
Slowly pouring low-temperature liquid into the heat preservation cylinder 6, completely immersing the elastic support 20 and the bearing 21 to be tested, covering the heat preservation cover 5, clamping the support rod 12 by the U-shaped clamping groove 10, and standing for a period of time, so that the elastic support 20 and the bearing 21 are cooled from a normal temperature environment to a low temperature environment.
(4) Adjusting the height of a test object
The heat preservation cover 5 is rotated through the cylinder cover handle 11, so that the U-shaped clamping groove 10 drives the supporting rod 12 to rotate above the low point of the L-shaped clamping groove 18, the height of a test object is reduced, and at the moment, the elastic support 20 and the adjusting pad 23 are changed into a fitting state from a gap;
(5) Loading test objects
The cushion block 4 is added on the shaft 19, and the booster 1 or a universal testing machine is used for slowly loading the upper part of the shaft 19 through the cushion block 4, so that the relative displacement of the cushion block 4 is monitored. When the relative displacement of the cushion block 4 is suddenly changed, the relative sliding between the elastic support 20 and the bearing 21 is shown, and at the moment, the inflection point of the change curve of the test force value is recorded, so that the test force value of the universal testing machine, in which the shafting starts to slide relatively, is obtained.
(6) Calculation of static Friction force
Decomposing a test object, and measuring the total weight of the cushion block 4, the support rod 12, the shaft 19, the bearing 21 and the tightening nut 22; the low temperature mating static friction force of the bearing 21 and the elastic support 20 is the sum of the total weight measured and the test force value at which the relative sliding occurs.
Claims (2)
1. An axial static friction force testing device of a ball bearing and an elastic support in a low-temperature environment is characterized in that: comprises a booster (1), a displacement sensor (2), a supporting frame (3), a heat preservation cover (5), a heat preservation cylinder (6) and a T-shaped sliding rail (7); the assistor (1) is fixed on the supporting frame (3), and the two displacement sensors (2) are fixed on the supporting frame (3); the heat preservation cover (5) comprises a cylinder cover heat preservation layer (8), a cylinder cover (9), a U-shaped clamping groove (10) and a cylinder cover handle (11), wherein the U-shaped clamping groove (10) and the cylinder cover handle (11) are welded on the cylinder cover (9), and the cylinder cover heat preservation layer (8) is adhered on the cylinder cover (9); the heat-insulating cylinder (6) comprises a cylinder handle (13), a cylinder heat-insulating layer (14), a cylinder wall (15), a cylinder bottom (16) and a T-shaped groove support (17), wherein the cylinder handle (13), the cylinder wall (15), the cylinder bottom (16) and the T-shaped groove support (17) are welded into a whole, an inverted L-shaped clamping groove (18) is formed in the cylinder wall (15), and the cylinder heat-insulating layer (14) is adhered to the cylinder wall (15) and the cylinder bottom (16); a T-shaped sliding rail (7) is welded on the support frame (3), and the T-shaped sliding rail (7) is matched with the T-shaped groove support (17) to fix the heat preservation cylinder (6);
the working process of the device is as follows: the heat preservation cylinder (6) is fixed on the support frame (3) through the matching of the T-shaped groove support (17) and the T-shaped slide rail (7); fixing a bearing (21) at a shoulder of a shaft (19) by screwing a nut (22), then assembling an elastic support (20) and the bearing (21), penetrating a supporting rod (12) through a hole of the shaft (19) after assembling, placing an adjusting pad (23) at the central position in a heat preservation cylinder (6), and finally hanging a test object at the high point of an inverted L-shaped clamping groove (18) in the heat preservation cylinder (6) through the supporting rod (12); slowly pouring low-temperature liquid into the heat preservation cylinder (6), covering the heat preservation cover (5) after the liquid completely submerges the tested elastic support (20) and the bearing (21), enabling the U-shaped clamping groove (10) to clamp the support rod (12), and standing for a period of time to enable the elastic support (20) and the bearing (21) to be reduced from a normal temperature environment to a low temperature environment; the heat preservation cover (5) is rotated through the cylinder cover handle (11), so that the U-shaped clamping groove (10) drives the supporting rod (12) to rotate to the position above the low point of the L-shaped clamping groove (18), the height of a test object is reduced, and at the moment, the elastic support (20) and the adjusting pad (23) are changed into a fitting state from a gap; a cushion block (4) is added on the shaft (19), and a booster (1) or a universal testing machine is used for slowly loading the upper part of the shaft (19) through the cushion block (4), so that the relative displacement of the cushion block (4) is monitored; when the relative displacement of the cushion block (4) is suddenly changed, the relative sliding between the elastic support (20) and the bearing (21) is shown, and at the moment, the inflection point of a test force value change curve is recorded to obtain a test force value of the shafting which starts to slide relatively; decomposing a test object, and measuring the total weight of the cushion block (4), the support rod (12), the shaft (19), the bearing (21) and the tightening nut (22); the low temperature mating static friction force of the bearing (21) and the elastic support (20) is the sum of the total weight measured and the test force value of the relative sliding;
the assistor (1) is fixed on the supporting frame (3) through bolts.
2. The axial static friction force testing device of a ball bearing and an elastic support in a low-temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein: the two displacement sensors (2) are fixed on the support frame (3) through hexagonal nuts.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610320178.3A CN107367387B (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Axial static friction force testing device for ball bearing and elastic support in low-temperature environment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610320178.3A CN107367387B (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Axial static friction force testing device for ball bearing and elastic support in low-temperature environment |
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| CN107367387B true CN107367387B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN110160867A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-08-23 | 龙游县万基建设工程检测有限公司 | A kind of liquid crystal display universal testing machine of high-speeding operation and safety precise |
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| CN205748913U (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-11-30 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Ball bearing and flexibly mounted axial static friction testing device under low temperature environment |
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2016
- 2016-05-13 CN CN201610320178.3A patent/CN107367387B/en active Active
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| JPH06308006A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-11-04 | Riken Corp | Friction and abrasion tester |
| CN201034897Y (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-03-12 | 张国珍 | Vacuum low-temperature frictional wear tester |
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