CN107355208B - Three-phase separator, oil-gas well testing and metering system and combustion control method thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase separator, oil-gas well testing and metering system and combustion control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107355208B CN107355208B CN201710793543.7A CN201710793543A CN107355208B CN 107355208 B CN107355208 B CN 107355208B CN 201710793543 A CN201710793543 A CN 201710793543A CN 107355208 B CN107355208 B CN 107355208B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase separator, comprising: the shell is surrounded to form a separation cavity; the overflow baffle is arranged in the separation cavity, divides the separation cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, and has adjustable height; the exhaust port is arranged at the top of the shell; the liquid discharge port comprises a water discharge port and an oil discharge port and is respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first cavity and the second cavity; the gas-liquid inlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell; and the grading rotating blade is arranged below the gas-liquid inlet, communicated with the gas-liquid inlet and deep into the first cavity. The invention has simple structure, convenient operation and high separation efficiency. The invention also provides an oil-gas well testing and metering system and a combustion control method thereof, which adopt the Vx multiphase flowmeter to simply and quickly measure the ground yield of the underground sample liquid, use the three-phase separator to efficiently separate the underground sample liquid, and finally control the size of a fuel nozzle of the burner and the pressure of air compressed by an air compressor through fuzzy PID, so that the combustion treatment is more sufficient and safer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field testing and metering, in particular to a three-phase separator, an oil and gas well testing and metering system and a combustion control method thereof.
Background
Before the development of the oil and gas well, oil testing is needed firstly, namely underground oil and gas are induced to be sprayed to the ground, and oil, gas and water are measured, so that a basis is provided for evaluating the production capacity of the oil and gas well and compiling a development scheme. At present, in the process of development and testing of oil and gas wells, three-phase separation metering is adopted in conventional metering, and the equipment is large in size, heavy and large in occupied area. There are also the following disadvantages:
1. based on the gravity separation principle, the three-phase separator cannot process emulsion and thickened oil, the oil can be separated from the water only by heating or chemically processing to reduce the viscosity of the oil phase and increase the density difference of oil and water, and the operation cost and the process complexity are increased by using an emulsion storage device and a heating device.
2. The low-pressure and low-yield well can not meet the pressure requirement of a testing separator, and the metering precision is seriously influenced.
3. In the early stage of blowout well cleaning, well fluid is mixed with well completion or fracturing fluid, the standard of a process leading-in separator cannot be achieved, and the yield cannot be measured.
The Vx multiphase ground flow metering structure is compact, light in weight, small in occupied area, free of fluid separation and waiting for stable flow, capable of continuously measuring multiphase flow and capable of solving the metering problems of thick oil, low pressure and low yield wells. And, Vx multiphase ground flow measurement is not a pressure vessel, and potential safety hazards are eliminated. However, the unseparated oil gas is not combusted sufficiently and sometimes cannot be combusted, scattered oil drops pollute the ground and the sea, and the natural gas which is not combusted sufficiently even easily causes explosion, so that the wide application of the Vx multiphase ground flowmeter is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of large volume, high cost and complex operation of three-phase separation equipment, the invention designs and develops the three-phase separator. The three-phase separator has the advantages of small volume, simple manufacture and easy operation.
In order to solve the technical problems of large volume, high requirement on use conditions and low precision of three-phase separation metering equipment in oil-gas field testing, the invention designs and develops an oil-gas well testing and metering system. The test metering system of the invention directly measures the multiphase fluid without separating the fluid.
In order to solve another technical problem that unseparated oil gas is not combusted sufficiently and is easy to cause ground and ocean pollution and even explosion danger, the invention designs and develops a combustion control method of an oil gas well testing and metering system.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a three-phase separator comprising:
the shell is surrounded to form a separation cavity;
the overflow baffle is arranged in the separation cavity, divides the separation cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, and has adjustable height;
the exhaust port is arranged at the top of the shell;
the liquid discharge port comprises a water discharge port and an oil discharge port and is respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first cavity and the second cavity;
the gas-liquid inlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell;
and the grading rotating blade is arranged below the gas-liquid inlet, is communicated with the gas-liquid inlet and extends into the first cavity.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
the wave-proof plate is vertically arranged in the first cavity along the horizontal direction and is provided with through holes;
the mist catcher is arranged at the air outlet and fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell;
the vortex prevention device is respectively covered on the water outlet and the oil outlet;
and the flow guide pipe is arranged below the mist catcher and extends into the first cavity.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a heating device disposed within the first cavity;
the water level detecting head and the oil level detecting head are respectively arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity;
preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the control cabinet is electrically connected with the overflow partition plate, the heating device, the water level detecting head and the oil level detecting head.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an oil and gas well testing and metering system comprising:
the choke manifold is used for enabling the downhole liquid sample to flow into the multiphase flowmeter or bypass the multiphase flowmeter to flow to the combustor;
a Vx multiphase flow meter with a fluid inlet in communication with the choke manifold;
a three-phase separator, wherein a gas-liquid inlet of the three-phase separator is communicated with a fluid outlet of the Vx multiphase flowmeter and the choke manifold, and the three-phase separator is adopted according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
and the combustor is communicated with the oil discharge port and the exhaust port of the three-phase separator and is used for combusting the oil and the gas discharged by the oil discharge port and the exhaust port.
Preferably, the burner includes:
the fuel nozzle is arranged at the exhaust port and the oil discharge port and used for spraying fuel oil and supporting combustion of oil and gas;
the air compressor is communicated with the fuel nozzle and is used for compressing air and atomizing fuel;
and the controller is electrically connected with the fuel nozzle, the air compressor and the Vx multiphase flowmeter and is used for receiving detection data of the Vx multiphase flowmeter and controlling the size of the fuel nozzle and the operation of the air compressor.
Preferably, the controller comprises a first fuzzy controller and a second fuzzy controller.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a combustion control method of the oil and gas well testing and metering system, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the oil gas quantity Q measured by the Vx flowmetertAnd the proportion tau of oil in oil gas and the quantity Q of oil gas are input into a first fuzzy controllertAnd the proportion tau of oil in oil gas is divided into 7 grades;
the first fuzzy controller outputs the size d of a fuel nozzle, and the output is divided into 7 grades;
measuring the pressure P of oil gas measured by the Vx flowmetertAnd the viscosity η of the oil is input into a second fuzzy controller, and the pressure P of the oil gastAnd viscosity of the oil η on a 7-scale;
the second fuzzy controller outputs the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressorgThe output is divided into 7 grades;
oil gas quantity Q measured by Vx flowmetertHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]A quantization factor of 150; the ambiguity domain of the oil-gas oil ratio tau is [0, 1%]The quantization factor is 1; the fuzzy domain of the size d of the delivery fuel nozzle is [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 1; pressure of said oil and gasPtHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 315, the ambiguity domain of the oil viscosity η is 0,1]The quantization factor is 20; outputting the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressorgHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 220;
the fuzzy sets of the input and output of the first fuzzy controller and the second fuzzy controller are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }.
Preferably, the fuzzy PID controller 1 and the fuzzy PID controller 2 are also included:
inputting the ideal proportion of oil in oil and gas in the combustion treatment process after the test and measurement of the ith oil and gas well into a fuzzy PID controller 1Deviation e from the actual oil ratio τ in the hydrocarbon1Deviation change rate ec1And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd1The proportionality coefficient Kp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd1Inputting the error compensation control of the fuel nozzle size d into a PID controller 1;
inputting the ideal viscosity of the oil of the combustion treatment process after the test measurement of the ith oil and gas well into a fuzzy PID controller 2
Deviation e from the actual viscosity η of the oil2Deviation change rate ec2And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd2The proportionality coefficient Kp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd2Pressure P of air input into PID controller 2 for air compressor compressiongError compensation control of (2).
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
ideal proportion of oil in the oil gas
And the fact of oil in oil and gasDeviation e of the ratio τ1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 1; the deviation change rate ec1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 1.5; ideal viscosity of the oil
Deviation e from the actual viscosity η of the oil2Has a ambiguity domain of [ -3,3 [)]The quantization factor is 1; the deviation change rate ec2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -2,2]The quantization factor is 1.5;
the proportional coefficient K of the output PIDp1、Kp2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; proportional integral coefficient Ki1、Ki2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; differential coefficient Kd1、Kd2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]Its quantization factor is 0.0001;
said deviation e1、e2Sum deviation change rate ec1、ec27 grades are divided; the proportional coefficient K of the output PIDp1、Kp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki1、Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd1、Kd27 grades are divided;
the fuzzy sets of the input and output of the fuzzy PID controller 1 and the fuzzy PID controller 2 are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the three-phase separator has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, no need of measuring the volume of each phase, simple operation and low cost; the grading rotating blades are arranged in the separator, so that oil-gas-water three-phase separation can be rapidly carried out, and the separation efficiency is high;
(2) the oil-gas well testing and metering system directly adopts the Vx flowmeter to measure the oil-gas-water content of the sample liquid under the well, three-phase separation is not needed for measurement, the data is more reliable, the volume is small, the operation is simple, and the cost is low; the three-phase separator is adopted for three-phase separation, and the operation is simple, the occupied area is small and the separation efficiency is high;
(3) book (I)The invention provides a combustion control method of an oil-gas well testing and metering system, which enables the size d of a fuel nozzle and the pressure P of air compressed by an air compressor to be largergThe device can be accurately controlled, so that oil gas can be combusted more fully and safely, and the environment is protected and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase separator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along AA' of FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the oil and gas well testing and metering system.
Fig. 4 is a control schematic diagram of the first and second fuzzy controllers and fuzzy PID controllers 1 and 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is the quantity Q of the input oil gas of the first fuzzy controllertA membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 6 is a graph of membership functions of the fraction τ of oil in the input hydrocarbons of the first fuzzy controller according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of a membership function for fuel nozzle size d for a first fuzzy controller in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 8 is the pressure P of the input oil gas of the second fuzzy controllertA membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 9 is a membership function plot of the viscosity η of the input oil for the second fuzzy controller according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 shows the pressure P of the air compressed by the output compressor of the second fuzzy controllergA membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 11 is an input deviation e of the fuzzy PID controller 1 according to the invention1A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 12 shows the input offset change rate ec of the fuzzy PID controller 1 according to the invention1A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 13 is the output scaling factor K of the fuzzy PID controller 1 according to the inventionp1A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 14 is a blur according to the inventionOutput proportional integral coefficient K of PID controller 1i1A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 15 is the output differential coefficient K of the fuzzy PID controller 1 according to the inventiond1A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 16 is an input deviation e of the fuzzy PID controller 2 according to the invention2A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 17 is a graph of the input offset rate of change ec of the fuzzy PID controller 2 according to the invention2A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 18 is the output scaling factor K of the fuzzy PID controller 2 according to the inventionp2A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 19 is the output proportional-integral coefficient K of the fuzzy PID controller 2 according to the inventioni2A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 20 is the output differential coefficient K of the fuzzy PID controller 2 according to the inventiond2A membership function graph of (1).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as providing a complete and complete disclosure. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of structures and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a three-phase separator comprising: a housing 100, which encloses a separation chamber; the overflow baffle plate 110 is arranged in the separation cavity and divides the separation cavity into a first cavity 120 and a second cavity 130, and the height of the overflow baffle plate 110 is adjustable; an exhaust port 140 provided at the top of the case 100; a drain outlet comprising a drain outlet 150 and an oil drain outlet 160, which are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first cavity 120 and the second cavity 130; a gas-liquid inlet 170 provided at an upper portion of the case 100; the stepped rotating blades 180 are arranged below the gas-liquid inlet 170, are communicated with the gas-liquid inlet 170 and penetrate into the first cavity 120, and the stepped rotating blades 180 can enable gas to escape from liquid more quickly, so that the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved; meanwhile, in the rotation process of the blades 180, substances with different densities in the liquid are firstly separated from substances with small densities, so that oil and water in the liquid are layered in the first cavity 120 more quickly, and finally, the oil and water are separated efficiently by adjusting the height of the overflow partition 110.
In this embodiment, a plurality of vertical breakwaters 121 are disposed in the first cavity 120 along the horizontal direction, and through holes are uniformly distributed on the breakwaters 121, so as to reduce the fluctuation and impact of the liquid in the first cavity 120, and to improve the separation effect of oil and water. The mist catcher 141 is arranged at the air outlet and fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell 100, so that the gas is discharged with liquid as little as possible, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved. Vortex breakers 151 and 161 are respectively covered on the drain port 150 and the drain port 160 to prevent the liquid from generating a vortex. The guide pipe 142 is arranged below the mist catcher 141 and extends into the first cavity 120, so that the mist catcher 141 can obtain liquid which flows into the first cavity 120 along the guide pipe 142 and extends into the bottom of the liquid, and the liquid can be more effectively layered and separated. The bottom of the first cavity 120 is provided with a heating device 122 for heating the object in the first cavity 120, so that the oil and water in the first cavity can be layered more quickly, and the oil can flow over the overflow partition plate 110 to enter the second cavity, and then the two are separated; a water level detecting head 123 and an oil level detecting head 131 are respectively arranged in the first cavity 120 and the second cavity 130 and are used for measuring the height of water liquid in the first cavity 120 and the height of oil liquid in the second cavity 130, so that the height of the overflow partition plate 110 is adjusted, and the oil and the water are separated more effectively; of course, it also includes: and a control cabinet (not shown) electrically connected to the overflow barrier 110, the heating device 122, the water level detecting head 123 and the oil level detecting head 131, for controlling the heating temperature of the heating device 122, receiving the water level and the oil level measured by the water level detecting head 123 and the oil level detecting head 131, and controlling the height of the overflow barrier 110.
The three-phase separator has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, no need of measuring the volume of each phase, simple operation and low cost; the inside rotatory blade in grades that is provided with of separator can carry out oil gas water three-phase separation fast, and separation efficiency is high.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides an oil and gas well testing and metering system comprising: the choke manifold 210 is used for measuring the downhole liquid sample flowing into the multiphase flowmeter or bypassing the multiphase flowmeter to flow to the combustor for combustion; a Vx multiphase flow meter 220 with a fluid inlet in communication with the choke manifold 210; a three-phase separator 230, the gas-liquid inlet of which is communicated with the fluid outlet of the Vx multiphase flowmeter 220 and the choke manifold 210, and the three-phase separator is adopted; and a burner 240 communicating with the oil drain port and the exhaust port of the three-phase separator for burning the oil and gas discharged from the oil drain port 160 and the exhaust port 140. The burner 240 includes: the fuel nozzle 241 is arranged at the exhaust port and the oil discharge port and used for spraying fuel to assist combustion of oil and gas; an air compressor 242 communicating with the fuel nozzle 241 for compressing air to atomize the fuel; and the controller 243 is electrically connected with the fuel nozzle 241, the air compressor 242 and the Vx multiphase flow meter 220 and is used for receiving detection data of the Vx multiphase flow meter 220 and controlling the size of the fuel nozzle 241 and the operation of the air compressor 242. The controller 243 includes a first fuzzy controller and a second fuzzy controller. The Vx multiphase flow meter 220 is prior art and its structure is not described in detail herein.
The oil-gas well testing and metering system directly adopts the Vx flowmeter to measure the oil-gas-water content of the sample liquid under the well, three-phase separation is not needed for measurement, the data is more reliable, the volume is small, the operation is simple, and the cost is low; and then the three-phase separator is adopted to carry out three-phase separation, the operation is simple, the occupied area is small, the separation efficiency is high, and finally, the combustion treatment is carried out, so that the sample liquid is combusted fully, safely and environmentally friendly.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides a combustion control method of an oil and gas well testing and metering system, wherein the controller comprises a first fuzzy controller, a second fuzzy controller and fuzzy PID controllers 1 and 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
a first fuzzy controller:
step 1: measuring the oil gas quantity Q measured by the Vx flowmetertFuzzy processing is carried out on the oil-gas oil ratio tau and the size d of a fuel nozzle; the quantity Q of oil gas measured by the Vx flowmeter is measured in an uncontrolled mannertHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]A quantization factor of 150; the ambiguity domain of the oil-gas oil ratio tau is [0, 1%]The quantization factor is 1; the fuzzy domain of the size d of the delivery fuel nozzle is [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 1; in order to ensure the control precision and realize better control, the best input and output level is determined by repeated experiments, wherein the oil gas quantity Q measured by the Vx flowmetertAnd the proportion tau of oil in oil gas is divided into 7 grades; outputting the size d of the fuel nozzle, wherein the output is divided into 7 grades; the fuzzy sets of inputs and outputs are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }. Wherein, the control rule of the first fuzzy controller is as follows:
(1) quantity Q of oil and gastThe proportion tau of oil in oil gas is increased, and the size d of a fuel nozzle needs to be increased;
(2) the oil content tau in oil gas is constant and the oil gas quantity QtWhen increasing, the size d of the fuel nozzle needs to be increased;
the specific control rule of the fuzzy control is detailed in the table I.
Fuzzy control table for indicating size of fuel nozzle
The quantity Q of oil gas measured by the Vx flowmeter input to the first fuzzy controllertAnd the proportion tau of oil in oil gas, obtaining the size d of the output fuel nozzle of the first fuzzy controller by using a fuzzy control rule table I, and defuzzifying the size d of the fuel nozzle by using a gravity center method.
Step 2: fuzzy PID controller 1
Measuring the ideal proportion of oil in oil and gas in the combustion treatment process after the test of the ith oil and gas well
Deviation e from the actual oil ratio τ in the hydrocarbon1Deviation change rate ec1And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd1Fuzzy processing is carried out, and when no control is carried out, deviation e1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 1; the deviation change rate ec1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]Quantization factor 1.5, proportional coefficient K of PIDp1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; proportional integral coefficient Ki1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; differential coefficient Kd1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantification factor was 0.0001. In order to ensure the control accuracy and realize better control, the optimal input and output levels are determined by repeated experiments, wherein the deviation e in the first fuzzy controller1Deviation change rate ec17 grades are divided; proportional coefficient K of output PIDp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd17 grades are divided; the fuzzy sets of the input and the output are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }, and the membership functions of the input and the output are triangular membership functions, as shown in detail in FIGS. 5-12. The fuzzy control rule is as follows:
1. when deviation | e1When | is larger, increase Kp1So that the deviation is reduced rapidly, but a larger deviation change rate is generated at the same time, and a smaller K is requiredd1Usually take Ki1＝0；
2. When | ec1I and I e1When the value of | is in the middle or equal time, properly reducing K to avoid overshootp1Is taken to be value of Ki1Smaller, select a proper size of Kd1；
3. When deviation | e1When l is smaller, increase Kp1、Ki1To avoid the unstable oscillation phenomenon near the steady state value of the system, the value of (c) is usually equal to | ec1When | is larger, take smaller Kd1(ii) a When | ec1When | is smaller, take the larger Kd1(ii) a The specific fuzzy control rules are detailed in tables two, three and four.
Proportional coefficient of table two PIDKp1Fuzzy control table of
Proportional integral coefficient K of table three PIDi1Fuzzy control table of
Differential coefficient K of table four PIDd1Fuzzy control table of
Inputting the ideal proportion of oil in oil and gas in the combustion treatment process after testing and metering of the ith oil and gas wellDeviation e from the actual oil ratio τ in the hydrocarbon1Deviation change rate ec1And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd1The proportionality coefficient Kp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd1Defuzzification is carried out by a height method, and the defuzzification is input into a PID controller 1 to carry out error compensation control on the size d of the fuel nozzle, and the control formula is as follows:
repeatedly determined by experiments, the fuzzy PID controller 1 accurately controls the size d of the fuel nozzle, and the size d of the fuel nozzle is the sum of the output size of the first fuzzy controller and the size error compensation value of the PID controller 1, so that the size of the fuel nozzle of the burner is accurately controlled by the burner, and the deviation of the size is less than 0.1%.
A second fuzzy controller:
step 1: measuring the pressure P of oil gas measured by the Vx flowmetertOil ofViscosity η and pressure P of air compressed by the air compressorgCarrying out fuzzy processing; in the case of no control, the pressure P of the oil gastHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 315, the ambiguity domain of the oil viscosity η is 0,1]The quantization factor is 20; outputting the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressorgHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 220; in order to ensure the control precision and realize better control, the best input and output levels are determined by repeated experiments, wherein the pressure P of the oil gastThe viscosity of the mixed oil is η divided into 7 grades, and the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressor is outputgThe output is divided into 7 grades; the fuzzy sets of inputs and outputs are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }. Wherein the control rule of the second fuzzy controller is as follows:
(1) pressure P of oil gastThe viscosity of the oil η increases, and the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressor needs to be increasedg；
(2) The viscosity of oil is η constant, and the pressure P of oil gastWhen increasing, the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressor needs to be increasedg；
The specific control rules of the fuzzy control are detailed in table five.
Pressure of air compressed by air compressor
Pressure P of input oil gas of second fuzzy controllertAnd the viscosity η of the oil, and the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressor is obtained by the output of the second fuzzy controller according to a fuzzy control rule table IgPressure P of air compressed by air compressorgAnd (5) defuzzifying and pasting by using a gravity center method.
Step 2: fuzzy PID controller 2
Measuring the ideal viscosity of the oil of the post-combustion treatment process with the ith well test
Deviation e from the actual viscosity η of the oil2Deviation change rate ec2And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd2Fuzzy processing is carried out, and the deviation e is carried out when no control is carried out2Has a ambiguity domain of [ -3,3 [)]The quantization factor is 1; rate of change of deviation ec2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -2,2]The quantization factor is 1.5; proportional coefficient K of PIDp2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; proportional integral coefficient Ki2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; differential coefficient Kd2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantification factor was 0.0001. In order to ensure the control accuracy and realize better control, the optimal input and output levels are determined by repeated experiments, wherein the deviation e in the fuzzy controller2Deviation change rate ec27 grades are divided; proportional coefficient K of output PIDp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd27 grades are divided; the fuzzy sets of the input and the output are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }, and the membership functions of the input and the output are triangular membership functions, as shown in detail in FIGS. 13-20. The fuzzy control rule is as follows:
1. when deviation | e2When | is larger, increase Kp2So that the deviation is reduced rapidly, but a larger deviation change rate is generated at the same time, and a smaller K is requiredd2Usually take Ki2＝0；
2. When | ec2I and I e2When the value of | is in the middle or equal time, properly reducing K to avoid overshootp2Is taken to be value of Ki2Smaller, select a proper size of Kd2；
3. When deviation | e2When l is smaller, increase Kp2、Ki2To avoid the unstable oscillation phenomenon near the steady state value of the system, the value of (c) is usually equal to | ec2When | is larger, take smaller Kd2(ii) a When | e2When | is smaller, take the larger Kd2(ii) a The specific fuzzy control rules are detailed in tables six, seven and eight.
Scale factor K of table six PIDp2Fuzzy control table of
Proportional integral coefficient K of seven PIDi2Fuzzy control table of
Differential coefficient K of table eight PIDd2Fuzzy control table of
Inputting the ideal viscosity of the oil into the ith well test metering post-combustion treatment process
Deviation e from the actual viscosity η of the oil2Deviation change rate ec2And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd2The proportionality coefficient Kp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd2Defuzzification is carried out by a height method, and the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressor is input into a PID controller 2gThe error compensation control of (2) has a control formula of:
repeatedly determined by experiments, the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressor is determined by the fuzzy PID controller 2gFor precise control, the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressorgThe pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressor of the combustor is accurately controlled by the summation of the output pressure of the second fuzzy controller and the pressure error compensation value of the PID controller 2gTo make itThe deviation is less than 0.1%.
The invention provides a combustion control method of an oil-gas well testing and metering system, which enables the size d of a fuel nozzle and the pressure P of air compressed by an air compressor to be largergThe device can be accurately controlled, so that oil gas can be combusted more fully and safely, and the environment is protected and the cost is reduced.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A combustion control method of an oil and gas well testing and metering system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adopt oil and gas well test measurement system, it includes:
the oil nozzle manifold is used for enabling the underground liquid sample to flow into the Vx multiphase flowmeter and flow to the combustor;
a Vx multiphase flow meter with a fluid inlet in communication with the choke manifold;
a gas-liquid inlet of the three-phase separator is communicated with a fluid outlet of the Vx multiphase flowmeter and the choke manifold;
a burner communicated with the oil discharge port and the exhaust port of the three-phase separator for burning the oil and gas discharged from the oil discharge port and the exhaust port;
wherein the three-phase separator comprises:
the shell is surrounded to form a separation cavity;
the overflow baffle is arranged in the separation cavity, divides the separation cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, and has adjustable height;
the exhaust port is arranged at the top of the shell;
the liquid discharge port comprises a water discharge port and an oil discharge port and is respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first cavity and the second cavity;
the gas-liquid inlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell;
the grading rotating blade is arranged below the gas-liquid inlet, is communicated with the gas-liquid inlet and extends into the first cavity;
measuring oil gas quantity Q measured by Vx multiphase flowmetertAnd the proportion tau of oil in oil gas and the quantity Q of oil gas are input into a first fuzzy controllertAnd the proportion tau of oil in oil gas is divided into 7 grades;
the first fuzzy controller outputs the size d of a fuel nozzle, and the output is divided into 7 grades;
measuring the pressure P of oil gas measured by the Vx multiphase flowmetertAnd the viscosity η of the oil is input into a second fuzzy controller, and the pressure P of the oil gastAnd viscosity of the oil η on a 7-scale;
the second fuzzy controller outputs the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressorgThe output is divided into 7 grades;
oil gas quantity Q measured by Vx multiphase flowmetertHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]A quantization factor of 150; the ambiguity domain of the oil-gas oil ratio tau is [0, 1%]The quantization factor is 1; the fuzzy domain of the size d of the delivery fuel nozzle is [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 1; pressure P of said oil and gastHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 315, the ambiguity domain of the oil viscosity η is 0,1]The quantization factor is 20; outputting the pressure P of the air compressed by the air compressorgHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantization factor is 220;
the fuzzy sets of the input and output of the first fuzzy controller and the second fuzzy controller are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }.
2. The combustion control method of the oil and gas well testing and metering system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fuzzy PID controller 1 and a fuzzy PID controller 2:
inputting the ideal proportion of oil in oil and gas in the combustion treatment process after the test and measurement of the ith oil and gas well into a fuzzy PID controller 1
Deviation e from the actual oil ratio τ in the hydrocarbon1Deviation change rate ec1And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd1The proportionality coefficient Kp1Proportional integral coefficient Ki1And a differential coefficient Kd1Inputting the fuzzy PID controller 1 to carry out error compensation control on the size d of the fuel nozzle;
inputting the ideal viscosity of the oil of the combustion treatment process after the test measurement of the ith oil and gas well into a fuzzy PID controller 2
Deviation e from the actual viscosity η of the oil2Deviation change rate ec2And outputting proportional coefficient K of PIDp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd2The proportionality coefficient Kp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd2Pressure P of air compressed by air compressor by input fuzzy PID controller 2gError compensation control of (2).
3. The combustion control method of an oil and gas well testing and metering system of claim 2,
ideal proportion of oil in the oil gas
Deviation e from the actual oil ratio τ in the hydrocarbon1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 1; the deviation change rate ec1Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 1.5; ideal viscosity of the oil
Deviation e from the actual viscosity η of the oil2Has a ambiguity domain of [ -3,3 [)]The quantization factor is 1; the deviation change rate ec2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -2,2]The quantization factor is 1.5;
the proportional coefficient K of the output PIDp1、Kp2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; proportional integral coefficient Ki1、Ki2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]The quantization factor is 0.1; differential coefficient Kd1、Kd2Has a fuzzy domain of [ -1,1 [)]Its quantization factor is 0.0001;
said deviation e1、e2Sum deviation change rate ec1、ec27 grades are divided; the proportional coefficient K of the output PIDp1、Kp2Proportional integral coefficient Ki1、Ki2And a differential coefficient Kd1、Kd27 grades are divided;
the fuzzy sets of the input and output of the fuzzy PID controller 1 and the fuzzy PID controller 2 are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }.
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| CN108643892B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2021-08-20 | 中海艾普油气测试（天津）有限公司 | Downhole data short transmission device for testing and control method thereof |
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| CN103076057B (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2015-09-16 | 北京乾达源科技有限公司 | A kind of multiphase flow flowmeter |
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