CN107342432A - A kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell - Google Patents
A kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN107342432A CN107342432A CN201710545908.4A CN201710545908A CN107342432A CN 107342432 A CN107342432 A CN 107342432A CN 201710545908 A CN201710545908 A CN 201710545908A CN 107342432 A CN107342432 A CN 107342432A
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- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910020881 PMo12O40 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical group [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 silt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011964 heteropoly acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYDPQDSKEDUNKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynetungsten Chemical compound [W]#P UYDPQDSKEDUNKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009719 regenerative response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell, it is characterised in that including anode-side component, anode circulation system, PEM, cathode side component and cathode circulation system；Wherein PEM is placed between cathode circulation system and anode circulation system, anode-side component is stored in anode circulation system, cathode side component is stored in cathode circulation system, both sides material is kept apart by PEM, anode-side component by anode circulation system by the electron transmission of carrying into external circuit, proton is pumped into cathode side component by PEM with by cathode circulation system, external circuit electronics combined generation water.Agricultural wastes fuel cell provided by the invention, the chemical energy of organic matter in agricultural wastes can be directly and efficiently converted into electric energy at low temperature, have the advantages of environmental protection and electric energy output power density are high, electrochemical efficiency is high concurrently.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to direct liquid catalyst fuel cell field, and in particular to a kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell,
Biomass energy in agricultural wastes is directly converted into electric energy under low temperature, environmental protection is had concurrently and electric energy output power density is high, electrochemical
The advantages of learning efficiency high.
Background technology
Agricultural wastes are the organic species being dropped in agricultural production process, mainly contain cellulose, hemicellulose
Element, lignin, soluble protein and sugar etc..China is large agricultural country, and agricultural wastes have huge recycling potentiality.With straw
Exemplified by stalk, China can produce more than one hundred million tons of stalks, stalk resource very abundant every year.The recycling of agricultural crop straw, both may be used
It to increase peasant income, can also reduce environmental pollution, effectively using renewable resource, circulate and pass through for China's rural development
Ji, promote agricultural sustainable development significant.Again by taking the vinasse similar with stalk chemical composition as an example, China is every at present
Year spirit stillage annual production is the maximum accessory substance of liquor industry more than 100,000,000 tons.Vinasse acidity is big, not easy to maintain, easily rotten
It is rotten rotten and cause serious environmental pollution.How rational and efficient use vinasse, be to realize liquor industry recycling and can
The key of sustainable development.
Agricultural wastes, which generate electricity, can not only realize the safe handling of agricultural wastes, while can also realize agriculture waste
Thing recycling, it is the development trend that agricultural wastes rationally utilize.Fuel cell has energy conversion efficiency high and green
The advantages of environmentally friendly, it is considered to be one has promising technology very much.Microbiological fuel cell using agricultural wastes as substrate
Technology, it is possible to achieve agricultural wastes are degraded and generated electricity synchronously, and power output density is generally 0.004-0.025mW/cm2.So
It is main including output power density is low, stability is poor, agricultural wastes degradation efficiency is low and the technology is there is also many deficiencies
It is expensive etc. with electrode material catalyst.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell, can be straight at low temperature
Connect and agricultural wastes are converted into electric energy, have the advantages of environmental protection and electric energy output power density are high, electrochemical efficiency is high concurrently.This hair
It is bright to adopt the following technical scheme that：
(1) a kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell, including anode-side component, anode circulation system, PEM,
Cathode side component and cathode circulation system, described PEM be placed in cathode circulation system and anode circulation system it
Between, anode-side component is stored in anode circulation system, and cathode side component is stored in cathode circulation system, both sides
Material is kept apart by PEM, and anode-side component is by anode circulation system by the electron transmission of carrying to external electrical
Lu Zhong, proton is pumped into cathode side component by PEM with by cathode circulation system, external circuit electronics is combined life
Cheng Shui.
(2) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to (1), the PEM have the first side and the second side,
Anode electrode and solution are placed in the first side of PEM, and cathode electrode and solution are placed in the second side of PEM.
(3) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to (1) or (2), the anode circulation system include anode liquid
Circulating pump, filter, jointed anode battery lead plate and the anode manifolds in anode reaction pond.
(4) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(3), the cathode circulation system include negative electrode
Circulating pump, connection cathode electrode plate and the cathode manifold in cathode reaction pond.
(5) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(4), the anode-side component include agriculture
Industry discarded object, oxidant, water, accelerator, the intermediate product generated in agricultural wastes degradation process.
(6) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(5), the fibre of the butt of the agricultural wastes
In dimension element, hemicellulose and lignin the content of any one or the content of any two and/or three content sums exceed
30%.
Total content of organic carbon based on agricultural wastes butt after dehydration is more than 30%, based on agricultural wastes after dehydration
Butt high pure nitrogen protection under with 10 DEG C/min heating rate linear temperature increase to 1000 DEG C, 200-400 DEG C heating pyrolysis
The weight-loss ratio in section is more than 30%.
The agricultural wastes can be the organic species being dropped in the plantation, harvesting and process of manufacture of agricultural,
Water content is between 0-90%.
(7) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(6), the particulate matter of the agricultural wastes are straight
Footpath is 15nm-100cm.
(8) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(7), the agricultural wastes are needed by powder
The preprocessing process of immersion, pickling and washing in broken, water, so as to remove the impurity such as silt, metal fillings, reduce content of ashes.
(9) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(8), the mass concentration of the agricultural wastes
For 0.5-70%, the agricultural wastes mass concentration is using agricultural wastes butt as standard.
(10) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(9), the agricultural wastes and oxidant
Between redox reaction by illumination, either heating or illumination and heating act on initiation simultaneously.
(11) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(10), the illumination is sunshine or people
Make light source or sunshine combines with artificial light.
(12) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(11), the intensity of illumination scope is 1-
100mW/cm2。
(13) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(12), the wave-length coverage of the illumination are
10-750nm。
(14) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(13), the temperature range of the heating are
25-350℃。
(15) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(14), the oxidant are included with the next item down
Or any two or two combination of the above：Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40]), phosphomolybdate, phosphotungstic acid (H3[PW12O40]), phosphorus tungsten
Hydrochlorate, the phosphomolybdic acid (H of vanadium substitution5[PMo10V2O40]、H5[PMo9V3O40]), phosphomolybdate, the polyoxometallate of vanadium substitution
Composition (H3[PW11MoO40])。
(16) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(15), the shared anode of the oxidant are molten
The mass fraction of liquid is 0.5-50%.
(17) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(16), the accelerator are useless for enhancing agricultural
Gurry and the composition of oxidant reaction degree, including with the next item down or the combination of any two or more than two：Lewis acid,
Bronsted acid, lewis base.
(18) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(17), the promoter concentration is 2ppm-
2%.
(19) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(18), the cathode side component include
Catalyst, water and oxidant.
(20) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(19), the catalyst are included with the next item down
Or the combination of any two or more than two：Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40]), phosphomolybdate, phosphotungstic acid (H3[PW12O40])、
Phosphotungstate, the phosphomolybdic acid (H of vanadium substitution5[PMo9V3O40], H12[P3Mo18V7O85]), vanadium substitution phosphomolybdate, multi-metal oxygen
Composition (the H of hydrochlorate3[PW11MoO40])。
(21) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(20), the mass fraction of the catalyst are
0.1-70%.
(22) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(21), the oxidant are included with the next item down
Or any two or two combination of the above：Oxygen, air, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate..
(23) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(22), anodic dissolution volume and cathode solution
Volume ratio is 1：0.5~1：20.
(24) the agricultural wastes fuel cell according to any one of (1)-(23), power output density is 0.1-
200mW/cm2, electrochemical efficiency 10-40%.
The fuel cell that the technical program provides includes two reaction tanks, and the heteropoly acid that a reaction tank contains anode is urged
Agent (POM-A) and agricultural wastes fuel, another reaction tank contain the heteropolyacid catalyst (POM-B) and oxygen of negative electrode.
POM-A is reduced by agricultural wastes first in anode reactor, meanwhile, POM-B is reduced in negative electrode, and the POM-B being reduced can
With by the oxidizing regeneration such as oxygen.In fact, POM-A and POM-B are used as catalyst rather than reactant, because two kinds
More acid solutions can be reproduced completely, without any mass loss.Therefore, the net reaction of the fuel cell has related only to agricultural
The organic composition and oxygen of discarded object.Specific course of reaction can be divided into four steps：
The first step, POM-A solution are reduced in anode by organic composition in agricultural wastes in a heated condition first,
Electronics on organic matter is transferred to POM-A by organic matter；
Second step, reduction-state POM-A solution is set to be recycled on graphite electrode plate by circulating pump, now, on POM-A molecules
Entrained electronics is delivered to external circuit by graphite electrode, is eventually transferred into the POM-B of negative electrode.At the same time, proton leads to
Cross film and POM-B is transferred to by POM-A.By whole process, the chemical energy being stored in agricultural wastes organic matter is converted into electricity
Can, externally acting.
3rd step, the POM-B of oxidation state receive external circuit electronics, are reduced to relative lower valency, and electrode potential reduces.
4th step, the POM-B of reduction-state is oxidizing by oxygen etc., loses electronics and chemical valence raises, so as to obtain
Regeneration.At the same time, generation water is combined with oxonium ion through the proton of proton membrane.
Pass through above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention provides a kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell, in the fuel cell, agriculture
Industry discarded object is 25~350 DEG C first by heteropoly acid-A (POM-A) solution oxide, reaction temperature, and the POM being reduced will be obtained
Electron transport to fuel cell anode.These electronics are by external circuit, finally by heteropoly acid-B (POM-B) institute of negative electrode
Capture.In the fuel cell system, POM-B electrode potential is higher than the POM-A electrode potentials being reduced, than the electrode of oxygen
Potential is low.Therefore, in the agricultural wastes fuel cell, the POM-A in reducing condition is as anode, and POM-B is as cloudy
Pole.The POM-B solution of reducing condition in negative electrode can return to original state by oxygen re-oxidation.Because POM-A can lead to
Cross and carried out by efficient degradation and carries a large amount of electronics for the organic matters such as the cellulose in agricultural wastes, hemicellulose and lignin,
The electrode potential of anode is reduced, so as to increase the output voltage of external circuit and output current, thus the technology has output
The advantages of power density is high, electrochemical efficiency is high.Involved low temperature direct fuel cell technology can be by agricultural in the present invention
The chemical energy of organic matter is directly and efficiently converted into electric energy in discarded object, without causing any fine particulates to pollute.The technology
It is anti-in galvanic anode and the organic matter generation redox in agricultural wastes by the use of heteropoly acid as oxidant and charge carrier
Electronics and proton should be produced, electronics externally does work by external circuit, proton by after PEM cell cathode generate water,
So as to realize in agricultural wastes biomass energy to the trans-utilization of electric energy.Because heteropoly acid can be by agricultural wastes
The organic matter such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin carry out efficient degradation and carry a large amount of electronics, reduce the electrode of anode
Potential, so as to increase the output voltage of external circuit and output current, thus the technology has output power density height, electrochemistry
The advantages of efficiency high.Meanwhile agricultural wastes fuel cell technology can realize that the high-efficiency cleaning of agricultural wastes utilizes, and
And it is catalyst and electric charge that different types of heteropoly acid, which is respectively adopted, in negative electrode due to the agricultural wastes fuel cell and anode
Carrier, instead of the noble metal catalyst in original fuel cell, finally realize the agricultural wastes fuel that non precious metal is catalyzed
Battery technology, it is a new fuel cell technology for taking into account high-performance and the great prospect of environmental benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the agricultural wastes fuel cell of the present invention.
12 be anode reaction pond in figure, and 1-1 is agricultural wastes, and 2 be filter, and 3 be anode manifolds, and 4 be anode liquid
Circulating pump, 5 be anode electrode plate, and 6 be PEM, and 7 be cathode electrode plate, and 8 be cathode manifold, and 9 be cathode reaction pond, 10
For negative electrode liquid circulation pump.
Fig. 2 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Stalk (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL) the continuous heating 2h under 100 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, anodic dissolution and cathode solution volume ratio
For：1：1.
Fig. 3 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Vinasse (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL) the continuous heating 2h under 100 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, anodic dissolution and cathode solution volume ratio
For：1：1.
Fig. 4 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Stalk (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL, 0.3mol/L) under 80 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, respectively continuous heating 2h, 6h, 12h and
24h, anodic dissolution are with cathode solution volume ratio：1：1.
Fig. 5 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Stalk (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL, 0.3mol/L) under 100 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, respectively continuous heating 2h, 6h, 12h and
24h, anodic dissolution are with cathode solution volume ratio：1：1.
Fig. 6 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Stalk (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL, 0.3mol/L) under 150 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, respectively continuous heating 2h, 6h, 12h and
24h, anodic dissolution are with cathode solution volume ratio：1：1.
Fig. 7 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Vinasse (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL, 0.3mol/L) under 80 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, respectively continuous heating 2h, 6h, 12h and
24h, anodic dissolution are with cathode solution volume ratio：1：1.
Fig. 8 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Vinasse (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL, 0.3mol/L) under 100 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, respectively continuous heating 2h, 6h, 12h and
24h, anodic dissolution are with cathode solution volume ratio：1：1.
Fig. 9 is voltage-current density and power-current densogram.Reaction condition is：Vinasse (butt, 0.6g) and
Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL, 0.3mol/L) under 150 DEG C of pre-heating conditions, respectively continuous heating 2h, 6h, 12h and
24h, anodic dissolution are with cathode solution volume ratio：1：1.
Figure 10 is the fuel cell continuous discharge the performance test results figure under the conditions of constant current (100mA).Reaction condition
For：Stalk (butt, 0.6g) and phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40], 30mL, 0.3mol/L) persistently add under 100 DEG C of pre-heating conditions
Hot 24h, anodic dissolution are with cathode solution volume ratio：1：1.
Figure 11 is the thermogravimetric curve of stalk and solid before and after phosphomolybdic acid reaction.
Figure 12 is the thermogravimetric curve of vinasse and solid before and after phosphomolybdic acid reaction.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the inventive method given below：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell, including anode-side component, anode circulation system, proton
Exchange membrane 6, cathode side component, cathode circulation system, the PEM 6 are placed in cathode circulation system and anode circulation
Between system, anode-side component is stored in anode circulation system, and cathode side component is stored in cathode circulation system
Interior, both sides material is kept apart by PEM 6, and anode-side component is by anode circulation system by the electron transmission of carrying
Into external circuit, proton is by PEM 6 with being pumped into cathode side component, external circuit electricity by cathode circulation system
Son combines generation water.Wherein anode circulation system includes anode reaction pond 1, filter 2, anode liquid circulating pump 4, jointed anode
The anode manifolds 3 in battery lead plate 5 and anode reaction pond 1, cathode circulation system include cathode reaction pond 9, negative electrode liquid circulation pump 10,
Connect cathode electrode plate 7 and the cathode manifold 8 in cathode reaction pond 9.This fuel cell uses the two of different oxidation-reduction potentials
Kind heteropoly acid solution：What is stored in anode reaction pond is a kind of heteropoly acid (being abbreviated as POM-A) solution and agricultural wastes,
Oxidation reaction occurs for the organic substance under illumination or heating condition in agricultural wastes, and then the POM-A solution of reduction-state is in liquid
In the presence of body circulation pump, enter by pipeline in anode graphite battery lead plate, the POM-A solution of reduction-state is by entrained electronics
External circuit is transferred to, and initial state is returned to after releasing hydrogen ion in the solution, now the POM-A solution of oxidation state circulates again
Return in anode reaction pond.The of a relatively high heteropoly acid solution (being abbreviated as POM-B) of another electrode potential is stored in negative electrode
In reaction tank, the POM-B solution after dioxygen oxidation is pumped in negative electrode graphite electrode plate, with reaching negative electrode by external circuit
Electronics and through PEM 6 hydrogen ion combine after, original state is returned to, into subsequent cycle, it is preferred that should
PEM 6 is Nafion115 films.
The fuel of the agricultural wastes fuel cell of the present invention is agricultural wastes, and the agricultural wastes include but unlimited
The organic species being dropped in agricultural planting, harvesting and process of manufacture.Preferably, the butt of the agricultural wastes is consolidated
The content of cellulose of body more than 30%, or its dry basis hemicellulose level more than 30%, or its dry basis is wooden
Cellulose content is more than 30%, or the cellulose of its dry basis and hemicellulose level sum be more than 30%, or its dry basis
Cellulose and content of lignin sum are more than 30%, or the hemicellulose of its dry basis and content of lignin sum exceed
30%, or the cellulose of its dry basis, hemicellulose and content of lignin sum are more than 30%.The present invention uses heteropoly acid
While efficient degradation being carried out to organic matters such as the cellulose in agricultural wastes, hemicellulose and lignin so that heteropoly acid
A large amount of electronics are obtained, reduce the electrode potential of anode, increase the output voltage and output current of external circuit, thus are improved
The output power density and electrochemical efficiency of battery.
Preferably, by crushing, in water, the preprocessing process of immersion, pickling and washing is handled the agricultural wastes, is removed
The impurity such as silt, metal fillings are removed, and are used after reducing the content of ashes of agricultural wastes as fuel.Because ash content is including solvable
Ash content and insoluble ash content, wherein, insoluble grey branch's obstruction battery inner cycle channel, battery performance is influenceed, need to be by cyclic system
System filtering, and the electric energy that the circulatory system is consumed is very high in whole battery system generating energy consumption accounting；Solvable ash content is upon dissolution
Metal cation can be formed, it can block PEM, reduce the Penetration ration of PEM, cause the drop of output current
It is low, reduce cell output.And pass through the preprocessing process, performance of the fuel cell of the present invention to the circulatory system can be reduced
Demand reduces, and reduces circulatory system energy consumption, moreover it is possible to lifts the permeability of the PEM of fuel cell of the present invention, lifts battery
Power output, so as to reach reduction system cost, save energy consumption, increase battery electrification efficiency and power output effect.
Embodiment 1：
1. prepare anolyte (POM-A)
Take a certain amount of phosphomolybdic acid H3[PMo12O40], be configured to 0.05mol/L respectively, 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L and
0.3mol/L POM-A solution.
2. anolyte (POM-A) and agricultural wastes redox reaction
The POM-A solution 30mL for four kinds of various concentrations being configured to are taken respectively, (butt, are led with straw sample 0.6g successively
Want the composition as shown in table 1) mixing, under phosphoric acid (85%, 0.45mL) environment, in 100 DEG C of continuous heatings 2 hours, terminates rear cold
But insoluble matter is filtered.
3. prepare catholyte (POM-B)
Vanadium molybdic acid H12[P3Mo18V7O85] it is used as catholyte, solution concentration 0.3mol/L, the volume of cathode solution
30mL, anode and cathode solution volume ratio are 1：1.
4. direct low-quality agricultural wastes fuel cell assembling and method of testing
Agricultural wastes direct fuel cell system, including double electrode plate, graphite felt and PEM, the preferable electricity
Pole plate is highdensity graphite electrode plate.There is a runner on double electrode plate, effective geometric projection area is 1cm2.Graphite felt
Need by pre-processing, pretreatment condition is：It is 3 that graphite felt is immersed into volume ratio first：1 concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid mixture
In, heat 30 minutes at 50 DEG C, then rinsed well with deionized water.The graphite felt of pre- modified is filled into double electrode plate
In serpentine flow path, PEM is placed between double electrode plate.Two panels acrylic plastics plate as end plate by double electrode plate and
Polytetrafluoro pad fixes, and is leaked to prevent electrolyte.Circulating pump and monocell are connected using polytetrafluoro pipe, so as to realize
Electrolyte outer loop.
5.POM-B regenerative responses
The H of reduction-state12[P3Mo18V7O85] solution oxygen mix container (glass container a diameter of 1.5cm, long 20cm, it is interior
Filling carbon fiber) in, realize and regenerate with oxygen reaction.The H of reduction-state12[P3Mo18V7O85] solution with 30mL/min flow velocitys enter
In to air and liquid mixer and oxygen mix.Oxygen is supplied by steel cylinder device, flow velocity 12mL/min, pressure 1atm.Gas-liquid mixed
The temperature of device is 80 DEG C.
6. direct agricultural wastes fuel cell continuous discharge test under low temperature
By the H of reduction-state3[PMo12O40] solution is put into anode reactor, fuel cell is then delivered to by circulating pump
Positive plate carry out discharge test.Equally by H12[P3Mo18V7O85] solution is placed in cathode reactor, it is then defeated by circulating pump
Deliver to the minus plate of fuel cell.The temperature of two reactors is kept at 80 DEG C, and flow velocity is respectively 30mL/min, and liquid enters
Need by 0.2 μm of filter, to prevent the solid impurity blocking pipeline that can not be dissolved in agricultural wastes before anode plate runner.This
The electrochemical property test data of embodiment are as shown in Figure 2.
The main component of the wheat stalk sample of table 1
Embodiment 2：
The fuel battery anode catalyst, cathod catalyst, fuel cell system of the present embodiment, and agricultural wastes with
The pre-warmed treatment temperature of anode catalyst and mode are same as Example 1, and only agricultural wastes are different.In the present embodiment, agriculture
Industry discarded object uses vinasse sample 0.6g (butt, main component are as shown in table 2).The electrochemical property test data of the present embodiment
As shown in Figure 3.
The main component of the vinasse sample of table 2
Embodiment 3：
The fuel battery anode catalyst and cathod catalyst and fuel cell system of the present embodiment and the phase of embodiment 1
Together, and stalk treatment temperature pre-warmed from anode catalyst and heat time are different.In the present embodiment, stalk with it is anode-catalyzed
The lasting pre-heating temperature of agent is respectively 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C and 150 DEG C, and the heat time is respectively 2h, 6h, 12h and 24h.This implementation
The electrochemical property test data of example are as shown in figures 4-6.
Embodiment 4：
The fuel battery anode catalyst and cathod catalyst and fuel cell system of the present embodiment and the phase of embodiment 3
Together, and agricultural wastes treatment temperature pre-warmed with anode catalyst and mode it is same as Example 3, only agricultural wastes
It is different.In the present embodiment, agricultural wastes use vinasse sample 0.6g (butt).The electrochemical property test data of the present embodiment
As shown in figs. 7-9.
Interpretation of result
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 be 30mL various concentrations POM-A solution respectively with 0.6g straw sample and 0.6g vinasse sample
Mixing, the chemical property change curve under 100 DEG C of pre-heating conditions after continuous heating 2h.As can be seen that working as wine from figure
Grain and the amount of stalk are constant, and with the raising of POM-A concentration, maximum power density gradually increases.For straw sample, when
When concentration is 0.05mol/L, maximum power density 43mW/cm2, as the 0.3mol/L that concentration improves, maximum power density
Reach 64mW/cm2。
Fig. 4-Fig. 6 is electrification of the phosphomolybdic acid with stalk with the reaction time under 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C and 150 DEG C three different temperatures
Learn performance change curve.From figure as can be seen that at 80 DEG C, the maximum power density of 2h heating is 40mW/cm2；With adding
Hot time lengthening, power density significantly improve；It can reach 79mW/cm to maximum power density during 24h2.This explanation biomass
In organic matter be gradually dissolved into POM-A solution, oxidation reaction occurs with POM-A molecules, electronics is transferred to from organic matter
On POM-A molecules, POM-A reducing degree gradually steps up as time went on.At 100 DEG C, heated by 2h, stalk fuel
The power density of battery is up to 63mW/cm2；It is similar with the experimental result under the conditions of 80 DEG C, with extending heating time, power
Density significantly improves；When heating extends to 24h, power density 88mW/cm2.When temperature brings up to 150 DEG C, 2h is heated
Its maximum power density has reached 80mW/cm2；As the reaction time extends, power density shows when being not as 80 DEG C and 100 DEG C
Writing increases, and 6h, 12h and 24h power density difference are smaller, are 104mW/cm respectively2, 108mW/cm2And 114mW/cm2.This says
It is bright at relatively high temperatures, organic matter and POM-A reaction rates are very fast, and can reaches higher reduction in a short period of time
Degree.Reaction time, which further extends, can not further improve reduction degree, and this is due to that organic matter is most of sends out with POM-A
Biochemical reaction, or POM-A reduction degrees have progressively reached saturation.
Fig. 7-Fig. 9 is electrification of the phosphomolybdic acid with vinasse with the reaction time under 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C and 150 DEG C three different temperatures
Learn performance change curve.As can be seen that at 80 DEG C from figure, the maximum power density of 2h heating is 31mW/cm2；With heating
Time lengthening, power density significantly improve；It can reach 65mW/cm to maximum power density during 24h2.At 100 DEG C, pass through
2h is heated, and the power density of vinasse fuel cell is up to 75mW/cm2；When heating extends to 24h, power density 99mW/cm2。
When temperature brings up to 150 DEG C, its maximum power density of heating 2h has reached 97mW/cm2, 6h, 12h and 24h power is close
It is smaller to spend difference, is 107mW/cm respectively2, 111mW/cm2And 111mW/cm2.At 80 DEG C, compared with stalk, under the same terms
The power density of vinasse is slightly below the power density of stalk；And when temperature brings up to 150 DEG C, the power of stalk and vinasse is basic
Identical, this is due to that the content of cellulose and lignin is higher, it is necessary to could degrade at a higher temperature in vinasse.Therefore,
The power density of stalk is high under cryogenic conditions, and both power densities are essentially identical after reaction temperature improves.
Figure 10 is the fuel cell continuous discharge performance curve under the conditions of constant current (100mA).Terminate in every wheel electric discharge
Afterwards, new stalk and the POM-A solution reactions of recycling are added, obtains stable performance.From figure as can be seen that all five
In individual discharge cycles, power density curve is similar, and initial power density is 48mW/cm2, 10 one-hour rating density are
20mW/cm2, after with the addition of fresh stalk, power density 44W/cm2, equally continue 10h or so, power density reduces again
To 20mW/cm2, all discharge processes take around 40 hours.This shows that POM-A has excellent stability in the art,
And, can be with continuous discharge with stalk continuous consumption.
Figure 11 is under the protection of high pure nitrogen, by wheat stalk with 10 DEG C/min heating rate linear temperature increase to 1000
℃.It can be seen that the pyrolytic process of wheat stalk can be divided into three phases：First stage makes a living the substance dehydrates stage,
The weightlessness in this stage is mainly as caused by the Free water in material and the loss of chemical bonding water；Second stage is respectively in 185-
400 DEG C, mainly a large amount of decomposition of starch, cellulose and hemicellulose, the softening and decomposition of lignin, charcoal and volatile materials
Generation.For in general biomass, hemicellulose is least stable, easily degraded, and its degradation temperature is 150-350 DEG C,
The main pyrolysis zone of cellulose occurs between 275-350 DEG C, and carbon amounts is less after pyrolysis, pyrolysis rate quickly, and lignin
It is most difficult to degrade, occurs mainly in 250-400 DEG C, its degraded starts relatively morning but the duration is longer, almost crosses over and was entirely pyrolyzed
Journey.Cellulose, hemicellulose mainly generate volatile matter after decomposing, charcoal is mainly generated after lignin pyrolysis.The stage loses to be main
Weight stage, the weight-loss ratio of wheat stalk reach 60% or so；Phase III be in carbonization process and stalk a small amount of lignin after
Continuous degradation period, deep layer volatile matter outer layers slowly spread, and the duration is longer, and residue is ash content and porous fixed carbon.
In this stage, sample weight loss 10%.Reacted wheat stalk weight-loss curve is without obvious violent zero-g period, total mistake
Rate is 58% again, the weight-loss ratio of relative raw material wheat stalk 90%, illustrates that most organic substance is oxidized and is transferred to POM-A
In solution.
Figure 12 is under the protection of high pure nitrogen, by vinasse with 10 DEG C/min heating rate linear temperature increase to 1000 DEG C.
It can be seen that the Main Stage of vinasse thermal decomposition is 230-400 DEG C, most of weightlessness of sample occurs in the region,
Weight-loss ratio reaches more than 60wt.%, mainly cellulose and hemicellulose thermal cracking processes, contrasts the data of wheat stalk, can
To find that vinasse and the main weightless region of stalk and weight-loss ratio essentially coincide, include the slow weightlessness in 400 DEG C of -1000 DEG C of stages
Stage is also substantially similar, but the zero-g period in beginning is slightly different, and vinasse do not have constant temperature rank between 150-230 DEG C
Section, but slowly decline, from room temperature to 230 DEG C, weight-loss ratio is about 20wt.%.This is due to containing abundant fermentation in vinasse
Accessory substance (such as glycerine, organic acid, amino acid, macromolecule sugar small-molecule substance, in the just gradually volatilization of heating starting stage.Instead
Vinasse weight-loss curve no obvious violent zero-g period after answering, total weight-loss ratio is 62%, and most of organic matter is initial
Stage is all transferred into POM-A solution.
Above-described embodiment is not the exhaustion of embodiment, can also there is other embodiments, and above-described embodiment purpose exists
In the explanation present invention, the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention, all applications come by simple change of the present invention are all fallen within
In the protection domain of invention.
This patent specification goes the displaying present invention using example, including optimal mode, and makes to be familiar with this area
Technical staff manufactures and used the present invention.This, which invents delegatable scope, is included in the content and specification of claims
The content of embodiment and other embodiments.These other examples should also belong to the scope of claims of the present invention,
As long as they contain the technical characteristic described by the identical written language of claim, or they include with claim without reality
Technical characteristic described by the similar literal language of matter difference.
The full content of all patents, patent application and other bibliography should be incorporated by reference into present specification.But
Be if a term in the application mutually conflicts with the term for having included bibliography, it is preferential with the term of the application.
All scopes disclosed herein all include end points, and are to combine independently of one another between end points.
It should be noted that " first ", " second " or similar vocabulary are not offered as any order, quality or importance,
It is used only to distinguish different technical characteristics.The qualifier " about " that combined amount uses includes described value and content context refers to
Fixed implication (such as：It includes error during measurement specific quantity).
Claims (16)
1. a kind of agricultural wastes fuel cell, it is characterised in that including anode-side component, anode circulation system, proton
Exchange membrane, cathode side component and cathode circulation system, anode-side component are stored in anode circulation system, cathode side
Component is stored in cathode circulation system, the PEM be placed in cathode circulation system and anode circulation system it
Between, the PEM has the first side and the second side, and anode electrode and anodic dissolution are placed in the first side of PEM, cloudy
Pole electrode and cathode solution are placed in the second side of PEM.
2. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anode circulation system includes sun
Pole liquid circulation pump, filter, jointed anode electrode and the anode manifolds in anode reaction pond, the cathode circulation system include the moon
Pole liquid circulation pump, connection cathode electrode and the cathode manifold in cathode reaction pond.
3. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anode-side component includes
Agricultural wastes, oxidant, water, accelerator, the intermediate product generated in agricultural wastes degradation process.
4. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the butt of the agricultural wastes
In cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin the content of any one or the content of any two and/or three content sums exceed
30%.
5. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the butt of the agricultural wastes
Total content of organic carbon is more than 30%, and agricultural wastes butt is linear with 10 DEG C/min heating rate under high pure nitrogen protection
1000 DEG C are warming up to, is more than 30% in the weight-loss ratio that 200-400 DEG C is pyrolyzed section.
6. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the particulate matter of the agricultural wastes
A diameter of 15nm-100cm.
7. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the agricultural wastes need by
The preprocessing process of immersion, pickling and washing in crushing, water, to remove the impurity such as silt, metal fillings, reduce content of ashes.
8. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the quality of the agricultural wastes is dense
Spend for 0.5-70%, the mass concentration of the agricultural wastes is using agricultural wastes butt as standard.
9. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the agricultural wastes and oxidant
Between redox reaction by illumination, either heating or illumination and heating act on initiation simultaneously.
10. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the temperature range of the heating is
25-350℃。
11. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the oxidant is included with next
Item or any two or two combination of the above：Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40]), phosphomolybdate, phosphotungstic acid (H3[PW12O40]), phosphorus
Tungstates, the phosphomolybdic acid (H of vanadium substitution5[PMo10V2O40]、H5[PMo9V3O40]), vanadium substitution phosphomolybdate, polyoxometallate
Composition (H3[PW11MoO40])。
12. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the accelerator is enhancing agricultural
Discarded object and the composition of oxidant reaction degree, including with the next item down or the combination of any two or more than two：Louis
Acid, Bronsted acid, lewis base.
13. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cathode side component bag
Include catalyst, water and oxidant.
14. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 11, the catalyst is included with the next item down or any two
Item or two combination of the above：Phosphomolybdic acid (H3[PMo12O40]), phosphomolybdate, phosphotungstic acid (H3[PW12O40]), phosphotungstate, vanadium take
Phosphomolybdic acid (the H in generation5[PMo9V3O40], H12[P3Mo18V7O85]), vanadium substitution phosphomolybdate, the composition of polyoxometallate
(H3[PW11MoO40])。
15. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 11, the oxidant is included with the next item down or any two
Item or two combination of the above：Oxygen, air, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate.
16. agricultural wastes fuel cell according to claim 3, it is characterised in that power output density is 0.1-
200mW/cm2, electrochemical efficiency 10-40%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108676818A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-19 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of method of the organic waste rapid conversion energy |
| CN110592607A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-12-20 | 国电新能源技术研究院有限公司 | System for coupling organic matter direct fuel cell and electrolytic hydrogen production |
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| CN105958094A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-21 | 国电新能源技术研究院 | Low-grade coal fuel cell |
| CN105977514A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-28 | 国电新能源技术研究院 | Sludge fuel cell |
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| CN105958094A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-21 | 国电新能源技术研究院 | Low-grade coal fuel cell |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108676818A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-19 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of method of the organic waste rapid conversion energy |
| CN108676818B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2021-06-01 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Method for quickly converting organic waste into energy |
| US11535542B2 (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2022-12-27 | Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School | Method for quickly converting organic waste into energy |
| CN110592607A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-12-20 | 国电新能源技术研究院有限公司 | System for coupling organic matter direct fuel cell and electrolytic hydrogen production |
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