CN107338290A - 人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR‑荧光探针法) - Google Patents
人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR‑荧光探针法) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明为一种人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR‑荧光探针法)。通过逆转录(RT)的方法,将样品中的mRNA逆转录得到相应的cDNA,再利用本试剂盒特定的引物和探针,结合实时荧光定量PCR检测技术,可以准确检测样本中人乳球蛋白mRNA的表达量。此种检测方法可以对肿瘤患者的外周血及肿瘤组织﹑骨髓等样本中的人乳球蛋白的mRNA的表达进行定量分析,临床上可以用以辅助诊断和评价预后的治疗效果。本发明通过分子学上的医学检测手段来指导临床治疗,具有一定的临床价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒在体外诊断试剂中检测人乳球蛋白mRNA表达量上的应用。
背景技术
在全世界危害妇女的肿瘤疾病中中乳腺癌是第一位的恶性肿瘤,每年全世界约有200万妇女发生乳腺癌,其中有80万妇女死于乳腺癌。在世界各地之间,女性乳腺癌的发病率存在显著差异,20世纪70年代前以美国和北欧为高发地区,东欧和南欧以及南美其次,亚洲的发病率最低。但从20世纪后开始亚洲地区的发病率出现明显上升趋势,其中以我国的沿海城市最为显著,如上海乳腺癌的标化发病率在70年代初和2010年后相比增加了近2.5倍。全世界乳腺癌年均发病率依然呈逐年增加的趋势。近20年来,乳腺癌的发病率在我国也处于总体上升趋势。从2000年后,乳腺癌是我国妇女的第3死亡原因,仅次于胃癌等消化道肿瘤。
现今,乳腺癌依然是人类健康的重大威胁。目前, 手术切除、化疗、放疗及内分泌治疗依然是乳腺癌的治疗的主要方法。在上述技术已经达到相当成熟和普及的同时,高复发和转移率也依然是乳腺癌患者面临的主要问题,这些问题的出现对患者的有效生存期起着重要的影响,严重危害着肿瘤患者术后的生活质量。那么如何在患者术后检测其肿瘤的复发和转移成了众多学者的研究课题。2000年以后,很多学者都在研究将分子生物学领域应用到人类健康课题上来,至今已经十几年,由此而发展的体外检测技术也在不断成熟和完善中。其中TaqMan荧光定量PCR就是其中的一种体外诊断技术。
由于TaqMan荧光定量PCR具有重复性好,结果准确可靠的特点,所以在医学检测方面,一些常规检测方法所不能解决的问题可以以此解决。一般来说细胞形态学检查可直接观测到肿瘤细胞,但仅限于组织的病理检测。由于肿瘤脱落至血循环中的数目微小,这种检查的敏感性和特异性均较差,阳性率仅为1%。后期的免疫组织化学方法提高了检出率,但该技术生产复杂,且需要特异性的抗体,而且假阳率也高。TaqMan荧光定量PCR与这些技术相比,有着明显的优点,由于有些肿瘤可转录特异性mRNA,但无相应蛋白合成,故荧光定量PCR应用范围较蛋白广泛;另外只要知道待测基因序列,即可设计合成引物探针进行逆转录及扩增,操作方便;同时该方法具有较高的灵敏度及可重复性,保证了医学检测结果的准确性。
以人乳腺球蛋白mRNA检测为例,乳腺球蛋白mRNA是乳腺癌的特异性的生物标志物,是原发性乳腺癌特异性较高的肿瘤相关抗原,在健康人外周血细胞中检测不到人乳球蛋白 mRNA,而在复发和转移的乳腺癌患者中,如果癌细胞脱落于血液中便可以检测到。与此同时,TaqMan荧光定量PCR技术具有很好的灵敏性和特异性,有针对性的对乳腺癌患者外周血及肿瘤组织﹑骨髓等样本中的人乳球蛋白的mRNA的表达进行检测,便可以对乳腺癌细胞血行播散等诊断提供重要的依据。所以该技术的应用,将会对早期寻找乳腺癌患者血循环中的肿瘤细胞,发现乳腺外微小转移对于指导临床治疗、改善患者预后产生极为重要的作用。
发明内容
本发明为一种人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR-荧光探针法), 含有9种组分,分别为:红细胞裂解液(10×)、无RNA酶的水、反转录缓冲液、PCR缓冲液、逆转录酶、阳性质控品、阴性质控品、RNA提取液、2×106copies/µl参考品主要成份组成。
其中红细胞裂解液(10×)为Nacl,Tris-Hcl,MgCl2.6H2O配制溶液。
无RNA酶的水为DEPC-H2O。
反转录缓冲液和逆转录酶为TaKaRa宝生物反转录试剂盒配制溶液。
PCR缓冲液含有为invitrogenPCR缓冲液,检测探针,上下游引物混合液。
RNA提取液为Invitrogen Trizol原液。
2×106copies/µl参考品为含有目的片段的质粒。
检测用引物:上游引物:5’—GGCTTCCTTGATCCTTGCCA—3’
下游引物:5’—CTCCAATAAGGGGCAGCCAG—3’
荧光探针序列:5’—FAM—ACTGAACACCGACAGCAGCAG—TAMRA—3’
标准品序列(含酶切位点):
GAATTCGACAGCGGCTTCCTTGATCCTTGCCACCCGCGACTGAACACCGACAGCAGCAGCCTCACCATGAAGTTGCTGATGGTCCTCATGCTGGCGGCCCTCTCCCAGCACTGCTACGCAGGCTCTGGCTGCCCCTTATTGGAGAATGTGATTTCCAAGACAATCAATCCACAAGTGTCTAAGACTGAATACAAAGAACTTCTTCAAGAGTTCATAGACGACAATGCCACTACAAATGCCATAGATGAATTGAAGGAATGTTTTCTTAACCAAACGGATGAAACTCTGAGCAATGTTGAGGTGTTTATGCAATTAATATATGACAGCAGTCTTTGTGATTTATTTTAACTTTCTGCAAGACCTTTGGCTCACAGAACTGCAGGGTATGGTGAGAAACCAACTACGGATTGCTGCAAACCACACCTTCTCTTTCTTATGTCTTTTTACTACAAACTACAAGACAATTGTTGAAACCTGCTATACATGTTTATTTTAATAAATTGATGGCAGAATTC。
质控品分为阳性质控品和阴性质控品,阳性质控品为有人乳球蛋白mRNA 细胞裂解液样品,阴性为无人乳球蛋白mRNA 细胞裂解液样品。
本试剂盒-20℃冷冻保存,有效期为9个月。应避免反复冻融,冻融次数≤7次。RNA提取液开瓶后,可在4℃保存90天。红细胞裂解液稀释后,未用完时可在4℃保存24h。试剂盒请在0℃以下环境运输。
本试剂盒从新鲜人外周血中提取出总RNA并进行逆转录得到含有目的基因片段的cDNA,再用乳球蛋白mRNA的特异性引物及特异性荧光探针,配以PCR缓冲液、耐热DNA聚合酶(Taq酶)、四种核苷酸单体(dGTP、dATP、dCTP、dUTP)及尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶等成分,应用实时荧光PCR技术检测人外周血乳球蛋白mRNA核酸的表达量,对原发性乳腺癌患者的肿瘤细胞是否存在血行播散提供重要的依据。
本发明试剂盒的使用方法:
每次检测应设立阳性和阴性质控。
一.实验准备
按实际需要量将红细胞裂解液用9倍体积的灭菌去离子水稀释成红细胞裂解液稀释液。
二.总RNA提取
1.待测样本处理
在50ml 无菌离心管中,加入5ml 新鲜抗凝血液及15ml红细胞裂解液稀释液,漩涡振荡混匀。冰浴10分钟,在漩涡振荡器上迅速混匀两次,4℃,450g,离心5分钟沉淀有核细胞,倒掉含有裂解红细胞的上清液。用10ml红细胞裂解液稀释液洗涤沉淀的有核细胞,漩涡振荡以完全悬浮细胞,4℃,450g,离心5分钟,并再次倒掉上清液。用1ml红细胞裂解液稀释液重悬沉淀的有核细胞,转到无RNA酶的1.5ml EP管中,4℃,3000rpm,离心3分钟,倒掉上清液。
向细胞沉淀中加入1ml RNA提取液,上下颠倒使细胞完全裂解。-70℃保存,当到达8个测试后,再统一进行后续的测试。加入200μl 氯仿,剧烈摇动15秒,冰上放置3分钟。4℃,12000g,离心15分钟。吸取500μl上清液至新的无RNA酶离心管中,注意不要吸取中间层,每管加入500μl 异丙醇,反复颠倒3~5次,冰上放置10分钟。4℃,12000g,离心10分钟。倒掉Ep管中的液体,加入75%乙醇1ml,颠倒2~3次。4℃,7500g,离心5分钟,倒掉Ep管中的液体后,重复洗涤一次。倒掉管中液体,使用离心机短暂离心收集,室温下倒置5分钟,乙醇挥发之后,加入50μl的无RNA酶的水,溶解RNA,轻弹管底,促进溶解,室温溶解3分钟,冰上放置,备用。
2.质控品处理
将阳性质控品和阴性质控品从-20℃冰箱中取出,置于冰上缓慢融化,各自加入200µl氯仿,剧烈摇动15 秒,冰上放置3分钟,然后按照总RNA提取步骤1.7~1.10进行总RNA的提取,备用。
三.RT-PCR
RNA预变性:将提取的总RNA溶液置于70℃水浴中保温5分钟,取出后迅速放置冰上,备用。将装有反转录缓冲液和逆转录酶的离心管从-20℃冰箱中取出,置于冰上待其缓慢融化后,短暂离心(1000rpm,5s~10s),将反转录缓冲液全部转移至逆转录酶的离心管中,配制成反转录反应液,轻轻混匀,短暂离心,置于冰上备用。按表1配制反转录体系:
表1
反转录反应液 3.5μl
总RNA溶液 5.0μl
无RNA酶的水 1.5μl
反转录反应条件:37℃ 20分钟,95℃ 5分钟,样本取出置于冰上。
将装有PCR缓冲液的离心管从-20℃冰箱中取出,置于冰上待其缓慢融化后,短暂离心,置于冰上备用。在取出的若干PCR反应管中,按下列组成配制PCR反应液:
表2
反转录产物 5.0μl
PCR缓冲液 15.0μl
去离子水 5.0μl
将PCR反应管放入仪器样品槽。(仪器具体操作方法按照各自的使用说明书进行)PCR反应条件:1)50℃ 2分钟;2)95℃ 5分钟;3)95℃ 15秒→60℃ 1分钟,45个循环。
参考品的扩增
取参考品贮存液(2×106copies/µl)10µl,用去离子水梯度稀释为2×105,2×104,2×103,2×102,2×101copies/µl,连同参考品贮存液6个浓度,各取5µl 为模板 (其他组分同表2)同待测样本一同进行PCR扩增,以便绘制标准曲线。
阳性判断值:本试剂盒的阳性判断的临界值为102 copies/ml(全血拷贝数)。
附图说明
图1为阳性参考品的扩增曲线图。
图2为 20例临床病例人乳球蛋白基因mRNA扩增曲线图。
实施例1 人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR-荧光探针法)检测mRNA的表达
一.材料:
试剂盒组分材料来源:红细胞裂解液(10×)为Nacl,Tris-Hcl,MgCl2.6H2O配制溶液;无RNA酶的水为DEPC-H2O;反转录缓冲液和逆转录酶为TaKaRa宝生物反转录试剂盒配制溶液;PCR缓冲液为invitrogenPCR缓冲液,检测探针,引物混合液;RNA提取液为InvitrogenTrizol原液;2×106copies/µl参考品为有目的片段的质粒溶液;阳性质控品为有人乳球蛋白mRNA 细胞裂解液样品;阴性为无人乳球蛋白mRNA 细胞裂解液样品;105copies/ml的阳性参考品(SK-BR-3细胞,购于上海细胞库,公司自培);普通PCR仪;ABI 7300实时荧光定量PCR仪。
二.引物和探针设计和合成:
以人乳球蛋白全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:U33147.1)为模板,使用ABI 7300型实时荧光定量PCR仪随机软件分析TaqMan引物和探针位点,同时考虑人乳球蛋白基因组DNA序列情况,从中选择最佳组合。引物和探针由宝生物工程(大连)有限公司合成。参考品溶液中的含目的基因的重组质粒由白奥斯生物合成。
PCR上游引物序列为:5’—GGCTTCCTTGATCCTTGCCA—3’
下游引物序列为:5’—CTCCAATAAGGGGCAGCCAG—3’
荧光探针序列为:5’—FAM—ACTGAACACCGACAGCAGCAG—TAMRA—3’
三.阳性参考品的扩增
四.取10支1.0ml/支的105copies/ml的阳性参考品,实验过程参考试剂盒的使用方法,提取总RNA后进行荧光定量扩增,扩增结果如图1。
经实验,上述扩增曲线与预期相符,本试剂盒可以完成含有人乳球蛋白的mRNA表达的检测。
实施例2 人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR-荧光探针法)临床检测人乳球蛋白mRNA的应用
一实验准备
实验组:10例病例诊断为乳腺癌的患者,其中确定10例临床确诊已经发生转移;
对照组:10例非乳腺癌患者和健康人,其中健康人3例,胃癌患者3人,肺炎患者3人,肝癌1人;
其他实验准备材料参见实施例1材料准备。
二标本检测
参照试剂盒使用方法,收集细胞后用 RNA提取液提取细胞总RNA, 逆转录后做荧光定量PCR扩增,同时加标准品检测作标准曲线。测定结果经仪器处理根据标准曲线计算出检测标本的人乳球蛋白基因mRNA的表达量,20例临床病例扩增曲线见图2。
三样品检测结果
实验表明:实验组10例乳腺癌患者的外周血检测结果均为阳性,对照组健康人3例,胃癌患者3人,肺炎患者3人,肝癌1人的外周血检测结果均为阴性,检测结果见表1。
上述结果表明本发明的试剂盒可以人乳球蛋白mRNA的表达进行较为准确的定性和定量分析。
表 1 20例临床病例人乳球蛋白 mRNA拷贝数检测结果
Claims (3)
1.一种人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR-荧光探针法), 含有9种组分,分别为:红细胞裂解液(10×)、无RNA酶的水、反转录缓冲液、PCR缓冲液、逆转录酶、阳性质控品、阴性质控品、RNA提取液、2×106copies/µl参考品主要成份组成。
2.试剂盒中的PCR缓冲液中含有特定的一对引物和探针:
检测用引物:上游引物:5’—GGCTTCCTTGATCCTTGCCA—3’
下游引物:5’—CTCCAATAAGGGGCAGCCAG—3’
荧光探针序列:5’—FAM—ACTGAACACCGACAGCAGCAG—TAMRA—3’
标准品序列(含酶切位点):GAATTCGACAGCGGCTTCCTTGATCCTTGCCACCCGCGACTGAACACCGACAGCAGCAGCCTCACCATGAAGTTGCTGATGGTCCTCATGCTGGCGGCCCTCTCCCAGCACTGCTACGCAGGCTCTGGCTGCCCCTTATTGGAGAATGTGATTTCCAAGACAATCAATCCACAAGTGTCTAAGACTGAATACAAAGAACTTCTTCAAGAGTTCATAGACGACAATGCCACTACAAATGCCATAGATGAATTGAAGGAATGTTTTCTTAACCAAACGGATGAAACTCTGAGCAATGTTGAGGTGTTTATGCAATTAATATATGACAGCAGTCTTTGTGATTTATTTTAACTTTCTGCAAGACCTTTGGCTCACAGAACTGCAGGGTATGGTGAGAAACCAACTACGGATTGCTGCAAACCACACCTTCTCTTTCTTATGTCTTTTTACTACAAACTACAAGACAATTGTTGAAACCTGCTATACATGTTTATTTTAATAAATTGATGGCAGAATTC。
3.一种人乳球蛋白mRNA核酸检测试剂盒(PCR-荧光探针法),其特征是:阳性质控品为有人乳球蛋白mRNA 细胞裂解液样品,阴性为无人乳球蛋白mRNA 细胞裂解液样品。
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