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CN107329339B - Array substrate and curved surface liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Array substrate and curved surface liquid crystal display Download PDF

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CN107329339B
CN107329339B CN201710694032.XA CN201710694032A CN107329339B CN 107329339 B CN107329339 B CN 107329339B CN 201710694032 A CN201710694032 A CN 201710694032A CN 107329339 B CN107329339 B CN 107329339B
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metal layer
array substrate
electrode
layer
pixel
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CN107329339A (en
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董成才
李振亚
宋乔乔
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136209Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136286Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D86/00Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
    • H10D86/40Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
    • H10D86/441Interconnections, e.g. scanning lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D86/00Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
    • H10D86/40Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
    • H10D86/60Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs wherein the TFTs are in active matrices

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Abstract

本发明提供一种阵列基板及曲面液晶显示器。该阵列基板通过在数据线上方设置遮光电极,利用遮光电极控制与所述数据线的位置对应的液晶保持不偏转状态,进而实现遮光效果,同时所述遮光电极与所述第一金属层、第二金属层、以及像素电极均绝缘间隔,即所述遮光电极处于置空状态,相比于现有技术,遮光电极不再与公共电极线电性连接,能够防止水平串扰,提升面板显示品质。

Figure 201710694032

The invention provides an array substrate and a curved liquid crystal display. In the array substrate, a light-shielding electrode is arranged above the data line, and the light-shielding electrode is used to control the liquid crystal corresponding to the position of the data line to maintain a non-deflected state, thereby realizing the light-shielding effect. The two metal layers and the pixel electrodes are insulated from each other, that is, the light-shielding electrode is in an empty state. Compared with the prior art, the light-shielding electrode is no longer electrically connected to the common electrode line, which can prevent horizontal crosstalk and improve the display quality of the panel.

Figure 201710694032

Description

Array substrate and curved surface liquid crystal display
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to an array substrate and a curved liquid crystal display.
Background
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have many advantages such as thin body, power saving, no radiation, and the like, and are widely used. Such as: liquid crystal televisions, mobile phones, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), digital cameras, computer screens, notebook computer screens, or the like, are dominant in the field of flat panel displays.
Generally, a liquid crystal display device includes a housing, a liquid crystal panel disposed in the housing, and a Backlight module (Backlight module) disposed in the housing. The Liquid Crystal panel is mainly composed of an Array Substrate (thin film transistor Array Substrate), a Color film Substrate (Color filter Substrate, CFSubstrate) and a Liquid Crystal Layer (Liquid Crystal Layer) arranged between the two substrates, and the Liquid Crystal panel has the working principle that the rotation of Liquid Crystal molecules of the Liquid Crystal Layer is controlled by applying driving voltages to a pixel electrode of the TFT Substrate and a common electrode of the CF Substrate, and light rays of the backlight module are refracted out to generate pictures.
In recent years, with the development of liquid crystal display technology, Curved (Curved) liquid crystal displays have been gradually introduced by various manufacturers, and are preferred by users because they have better viewing experience than general liquid crystal displays. In a conventional flat panel display, a Black Matrix (BM) is used for shading, but the BM is located on a color filter substrate, when the display is bent, a problem of misalignment between an upper substrate and a lower substrate may occur, which may cause light leakage, and various display defects may occur in a normal panel in a planar state in a curved state. In order to solve the problem, in the curved display, a technology of Data Line BM Less (DBS) over Data lines is increasingly adopted, in which routing lines of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) are covered over the Data lines, the Data lines are shielded by the ITO routing lines, and an array substrate common voltage is provided to the ITO routing lines, so that when the panel normally operates, the potential of the ITO routing lines is always equal to the array substrate common voltage, and thus liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the positions of the ITO routing lines are kept in a non-deflection state, and a purpose of shielding light is achieved.
However, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a conventional array substrate using DBS technology, where the array substrate includes: the display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in an array, wherein each sub-pixel comprises a switch thin film transistor T1, a pixel electrode P, an array substrate common electrode line Acom and a shading electrode, the grid electrode of the switch thin film transistor T1 is connected with a scanning line Gate, the source electrode of the switch thin film transistor T1 is connected with a Data line Data, the drain electrode of the switch thin film transistor is electrically connected with the pixel electrode P, the shading electrode is electrically connected with the array substrate common electrode line Acom, the overlapped part of the pixel electrode P and the array substrate common electrode line Acom forms a storage capacitor Cst, the overlapped part of the Data line Data and the shading electrode forms an interference capacitor Cdc, and at the moment, when the display panel displays, the voltage change on the Data line Data can influence the array substrate common voltage Acom through the interference capacitor Cdc to cause the adverse phenomena of horizontal crosstalk (H-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an array substrate, which can prevent horizontal crosstalk and improve the display quality of a panel on the premise of adopting a DBS (direct structuring) technology.
The invention also aims to provide a curved-surface liquid crystal display, which can prevent horizontal crosstalk and improve the display quality of a panel on the premise of adopting the DBS technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an array substrate, including: the pixel structure comprises a substrate, a first metal layer arranged on the substrate, a first insulating layer arranged on the substrate and the first metal layer, a second metal layer arranged on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer arranged on the second metal layer and a pixel electrode layer arranged on the second insulating layer;
the first metal layer comprises a plurality of scanning lines arranged in parallel at intervals and a common electrode line spaced from the scanning lines, and the second metal layer comprises: the pixel electrode layer comprises a plurality of data lines arranged in parallel at intervals, a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines are intersected with each other to define a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and the pixel electrode layer comprises: the pixel units are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the pixel electrodes and the shading electrodes are respectively and correspondingly arranged above the data lines and used for shading the data lines;
and each shading electrode is insulated and spaced from the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the pixel electrode.
Still be equipped with a plurality of drive TFT that the array was arranged on the substrate base plate, each drive TFT all includes: the grid electrode is positioned on the first metal layer, the active layer is positioned on the first insulating layer and above the grid electrode, and the source electrode and the drain electrode are positioned on the second metal layer and are in contact with two ends of the active layer.
Each driving TFT corresponds to one pixel unit, the grid electrode of each row of driving TFTs is correspondingly and electrically connected with one scanning line, the source electrode of each row of driving TFTs is correspondingly and electrically connected with one data line, and the drain electrode of each driving TFT is correspondingly and electrically connected with the pixel electrode of the corresponding pixel unit.
And a storage capacitor is formed at the part of each pixel electrode overlapped with the common electrode wire.
The material of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is one or a combination of silicon oxide and silicon nitride.
The material of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is one or a combination of more of molybdenum, aluminum and titanium.
The pixel electrode layer is made of ITO.
The invention also provides a curved-surface liquid crystal display which comprises the array substrate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an array substrate, which is characterized in that a shading electrode is arranged above a data line, the shading electrode is utilized to control liquid crystals corresponding to the position of the data line to keep a non-deflection state, so that a shading effect is realized, and meanwhile, the shading electrode is insulated and spaced from a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a pixel electrode, namely, the shading electrode is in a vacant state. The invention also provides a curved-surface liquid crystal display which can prevent horizontal crosstalk and improve the display quality of a panel on the premise of adopting the DBS technology.
Drawings
For a better understanding of the nature and technical aspects of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are provided for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the drawings, there is shown in the drawings,
fig. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a conventional array substrate using DBS technology;
fig. 2 is a top view structural diagram of the array substrate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the array substrate of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides an array substrate, including: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a substrate base plate 1, a first metal layer 2 arranged on the substrate base plate 1, a first insulating layer 3 arranged on the substrate base plate 1 and the first metal layer 2, a second metal layer 4 arranged on the first insulating layer 3, a second insulating layer 5 arranged on the second metal layer 4, and a pixel electrode layer 6 arranged on the second insulating layer 5.
Specifically, the first metal layer 2 includes a plurality of scan lines 21 arranged in parallel at intervals and a common electrode line 22 spaced from the scan lines 21, and the second metal layer 4 includes: a plurality of data lines 41 arranged in parallel at intervals, the plurality of scan lines 21 and the plurality of data lines 41 cross each other to define a plurality of pixel units 7 arranged in an array, the pixel electrode layer 6 includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes 61 respectively corresponding to the plurality of pixel units 7 and a plurality of light-shielding electrodes 62 respectively corresponding to the plurality of data lines 41 and shielding the data lines 41; each of the light-shielding electrodes 62 is insulated and spaced from the first metal layer 2, the second metal layer 4, and the pixel electrode 61.
Specifically, the substrate 1 is a transparent substrate, preferably a glass substrate, and the material of the first insulating layer 3 and the second insulating layer 5 is one or a combination of silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SiNx). The material of the first metal layer 2 and the second metal layer 4 is one or a combination of molybdenum, aluminum, titanium and the like. Preferably, the material of the pixel electrode layer 6 is ITO.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the substrate base board 1 is further provided with a plurality of driving TFTs T10 arranged in an array, and each driving TFT T10 includes: the gate electrode 23 is located on the first metal layer 2, the active layer 31 is located on the first insulating layer 3 above the corresponding gate electrode 23, and the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43 are located on the second metal layer 4 and contact both ends of the active layer 31.
Specifically, the driving TFT T10 may be a thin film transistor of various types such as an oxide semiconductor thin film transistor or a low temperature polysilicon thin film transistor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, each driving TFT T10 corresponds to one pixel unit 7, the gate of each row driving TFT T10 corresponds to one scanning line 21, the source 42 of each column driving TFT T10 corresponds to one data line 41, and the drain of each driving TFT T10 corresponds to the pixel electrode 61 of the corresponding pixel unit 7.
In addition, a storage capacitor C10 is formed at the overlapping part of each pixel electrode 61 and the array substrate common electrode line 22.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 5, in the array substrate of the present invention, the light-shielding electrode 62 is in a Floating state and is not electrically connected to any other conducting wire, that is, the capacitor C20 formed by the overlapping portion of the light-shielding electrode 62 and the data line 41 is not connected to the common electrode line 22 any more, and since the capacitor C20 is not electrically connected to the common electrode line 22 any more, the voltage change of the data line 41 cannot affect the common voltage of the array substrate through the capacitor C20, so that the horizontal crosstalk can be prevented, and the display quality can be improved.
It should be noted that although the light-shielding electrode 62 is in the empty state, it still suffers from the influence of the electric field in the panel, and the voltage on the light-shielding electrode 62 still has a voltage equal to the common voltage of the array substrate, which can be realized by adjusting the electric field distribution in the panel, especially by adjusting the voltage levels of the common voltage of the array substrate and the common voltage (CF-com) of the color filter substrate, so that the light-shielding electrode 62 in the empty state still has the light-shielding effect.
In addition, since the light-shielding electrode 62 of the present invention is disposed above the data line 41 and shields the data line 41, it can also shield electric field interference between the data line 41 and the pixel electrode 61, and between the data line 41 and the common electrode on the color filter substrate, thereby avoiding poor display.
Based on the array substrate, the invention also provides a curved-surface liquid crystal display, which comprises the array substrate, can prevent light leakage by using the DBS technology, can prevent the horizontal crosstalk problem caused by the DBS technology, and has high display quality and strong product competitiveness.
In summary, the present invention provides an array substrate, in which a light-shielding electrode is disposed above a data line, and the light-shielding electrode is used to control liquid crystals corresponding to the position of the data line to maintain a non-deflection state, so as to achieve a light-shielding effect, and the light-shielding electrode is insulated from the first metal layer, the second metal layer, and the pixel electrode, i.e., the light-shielding electrode is in a vacant state. The invention also provides a curved-surface liquid crystal display which can prevent horizontal crosstalk and improve the display quality of a panel on the premise of adopting the DBS technology.
As described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other various changes and modifications may be made based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1.一种阵列基板,其特征在于,包括:衬底基板(1)、设于所述衬底基板(1)上的第一金属层(2)、设于所述衬底基板(1)和第一金属层(2)上的第一绝缘层(3)、设于所述第一绝缘层(3)上的第二金属层(4)、设于所述第二金属层(4)上的第二绝缘层(5)、设于所述第二绝缘层(5)上的像素电极层(6);1. An array substrate, characterized by comprising: a base substrate (1), a first metal layer (2) provided on the base substrate (1), and a first metal layer (2) provided on the base substrate (1) and a first insulating layer (3) on the first metal layer (2), a second metal layer (4) on the first insulating layer (3), and a second metal layer (4) on the second metal layer (4) a second insulating layer (5) thereon, and a pixel electrode layer (6) arranged on the second insulating layer (5); 所述第一金属层(2)包括多条平行间隔排列的扫描线(21)以及与所述扫描线(21)间隔的公共电极线(22),所述第二金属层(4)包括:多条平行间隔排列的数据线(41),所述多条扫描线(21)与所述多条数据线(41)相互交叉限定出阵列排布的多个像素单元(7),所述像素电极层(6)包括:分别对应位于所述多个像素单元(7)内的多个像素电极(61)以及分别对应位于所述多条数据线(41)的上方并将所述数据线(41)遮挡住的多个遮光电极(62);The first metal layer (2) includes a plurality of parallel and spaced scan lines (21) and a common electrode line (22) spaced from the scan lines (21), and the second metal layer (4) includes: A plurality of data lines (41) arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the plurality of scan lines (21) and the plurality of data lines (41) intersect each other to define a plurality of pixel units (7) arranged in an array, the pixels The electrode layer (6) comprises: a plurality of pixel electrodes (61) respectively located in the plurality of pixel units (7) correspondingly and respectively located above the plurality of data lines (41) and connecting the data lines ( 41) a plurality of light-shielding electrodes (62) that are covered; 所述遮光电极(62)与所述第一金属层(2)、第二金属层(4)、以及像素电极(61)均绝缘;The light-shielding electrode (62) is insulated from the first metal layer (2), the second metal layer (4), and the pixel electrode (61); 所述遮光电极(62)处于置空状态,其上具有一与阵列基板公共电压的相等的电压,该与阵列基板公共电压的相等的电压通过调整面板内的电场分布实现。The light-shielding electrode (62) is in an empty state, and has a voltage equal to the common voltage of the array substrate, and the voltage equal to the common voltage of the array substrate is realized by adjusting the electric field distribution in the panel. 2.如权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述衬底基板(1)上还设有阵列排布的多个驱动TFT(T10),每一个驱动TFT(T10)均包括:位于第一金属层(2)的栅极(23)、位于第一绝缘层(3)上对应栅极(23)上方的有源层(31)、以及位于第二金属层(4)并与所述有源层(31)的两端接触的源极(42)和漏极(43)。2. The array substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, the base substrate (1) is further provided with a plurality of driving TFTs (T10) arranged in an array, and each driving TFT (T10) comprises: A gate (23) located on the first metal layer (2), an active layer (31) located above the corresponding gate (23) on the first insulating layer (3), and an active layer (31) located on the second metal layer (4) and connected to the first insulating layer (3) Both ends of the active layer (31) are in contact with the source electrode (42) and the drain electrode (43). 3.如权利要求2所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,每一个驱动TFT(T10)均对应一个像素单元(7),每一行驱动TFT(T10)的栅极均对应电性连接一条扫描线(21),每一列驱动TFT(T10)的源极(42)均对应电性连接一条数据线(41),每一个驱动TFT(T10)的漏极均对应电性连接其所对应的像素单元(7)的像素电极(61)。3 . The array substrate according to claim 2 , wherein each driving TFT ( T10 ) corresponds to a pixel unit ( 7 ), and the gates of each row of the driving TFTs ( T10 ) are electrically connected to a scanning line corresponding to 3 . (21), the source electrode (42) of each column driving TFT (T10) is correspondingly electrically connected to a data line (41), and the drain electrode of each driving TFT (T10) is correspondingly electrically connected to its corresponding pixel unit (7) pixel electrode (61). 4.如权利要求3所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,每一个像素电极(61)与所述公共电极线(22)重叠的部分形成有一存储电容(C10)。4 . The array substrate according to claim 3 , wherein a storage capacitor ( C10 ) is formed at the overlapping portion of each pixel electrode ( 61 ) and the common electrode line ( 22 ). 5 . 5.如权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述第一绝缘层(3)和第二绝缘层(5)的材料为氧化硅和氮化硅中的一种或两者的组合。5. The array substrate according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first insulating layer (3) and the second insulating layer (5) is one or both of silicon oxide and silicon nitride combination. 6.如权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述第一金属层(2)与第二金属层(4)的材料为钼、铝、及钛中的一种或多种的组合。6. The array substrate according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first metal layer (2) and the second metal layer (4) is one or more of molybdenum, aluminum, and titanium combination. 7.如权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述像素电极层(6)的材料为ITO。7. The array substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, the material of the pixel electrode layer (6) is ITO. 8.一种曲面液晶显示器,其特征在于,包括权利要求1至7中任一项所述的阵列基板。8 . A curved liquid crystal display, comprising the array substrate according to claim 1 .
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CN107942587B (en) * 2017-11-20 2020-10-30 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 Alignment method of liquid crystal display panel
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