CN107328542B - Dynamic quantitative test device and method for shock resistance of anchor rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of an anchor rod and a test method thereof, wherein the test device comprises a machine base, a clamping part and an impact part which are arranged on the machine base, and the impact resistance of the anchor rod under the conditions of different anchoring lengths and different anchoring forces can be tested by controlling the action parameters of surrounding rock on the anchor rod through adjusting the clamping force of the clamping part; the height of the self-body is adjustable through the adjustment of the impact part adjusting oil cylinder, so that loads can be applied to anchor rods with different lengths; the impact force of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder can be controlled to adjust the application of different loads to the anchor rods with different lengths; the impact resistance of the anchor rod under different speeds can be tested by regulating and controlling the loading speed of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder, so that the impact resistance test of the anchor rod with different lengths can be realized.

Description

Dynamic quantitative test device and test method for impact resistance performance of bolts

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of bolt support testing, in particular to a testing system for the impact resistance performance of bolts and a method for using the same.

Background technique

Bolt support is the most commonly used support method for coal mine underground roadway. However, with the increase of coal mine mining depth, the geological conditions encountered become more and more complex, and highly destructive engineering disasters such as rock bursts and rock bursts caused by high stress are becoming more frequent and serious. Under such conditions, it is the key to ensure the effect of anchoring support to accurately understand the impact resistance of the anchor rod under different anchoring conditions.

In order to test the impact resistance of anchor rods, it is necessary to develop corresponding testing devices. The Chinese patent with the application number 201210093451.5 introduces a test system for the dynamic performance of anchor rods. The top of the specimen is fixed by a clamping device, and the dynamic performance of the anchor rod or anchor cable is tested by a drop weight; the Chinese patent with the application number 201110387388.1 A bolt performance test device is introduced. By fixing one end of the bolt, the impact resistance and static performance of the bolt can be tested respectively by using the impact weight plate and the static hydraulic tensioning device. The above two devices fix one end of the bolt and directly apply the impact load to the other end of the bolt, ignoring the interaction between the bolt and the surrounding rock, and cannot accurately reflect the impact resistance of the bolt in field application. In order to consider the interaction between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock, the Chinese patent application number 201510052234.5 announced a bolt impact resistance test system and its application method considering the interaction between the support and the surrounding rock, using steel pipes to simulate the impact of the surrounding rock The role of the bolt, but the parameters of the action of the surrounding rock on the bolt cannot be controlled, and the relationship between the support-surrounding rock interaction and the impact resistance of the bolt cannot be quantitatively analyzed.

In actual engineering, due to the different geological conditions and technical requirements, there is a big difference between the anchoring force of the anchor bolt and the length of the anchor section, which has a great impact on the impact resistance of the anchor bolt. In view of the above problems, it is urgent It is necessary to provide a dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of anchor rods to realize quantitative testing of the impact resistance of anchor rods under different anchoring conditions.

At present, there is a hydraulically driven collet chuck on the market, which mainly includes a high-speed rotary cylinder and a collet. The collet can be loosened and clamped by pushing forward and pulling the cylinder. The hydraulic chuck has high precision and fast speed. Mainly used in lathes and various processing special machines for clamping operations. However, since the inner wall of the collet is smooth, if it is directly used to clamp the anchor rod, it will inevitably cause displacement between the sleeve and the collet, which is mixed with the displacement of the anchor rod under the impact force. Together, they cannot be distinguished, and the purpose of quantitatively monitoring the bolt displacement cannot be achieved.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic quantitative test device and a test method for the impact resistance performance of anchor rods, which can realize the quantitative analysis of the impact resistance performance, anchor length and anchor force of anchor rods.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A dynamic quantitative test device for impact resistance of anchor rods, including a machine base, clamping parts and impact parts, wherein:

The clamping part is provided with a door-shaped outer frame in the center of the machine base, and an anchor clamp is arranged on the crossbeam of the door-shaped outer frame; the described anchor clamp includes a hydraulically driven collet chuck and Sleeve, the collet of the hydraulically driven collet chuck is extended, and the inner wall of the collet is provided with multiple grooves; the sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve with a vertical gap, and the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with multiple grooves. The protrusion that fits the ring and the groove of the inner wall of the collet can prevent the relative sliding between the sleeve and the collet during the test through the protrusion and the groove;

The impact part is provided with a manual adjustment oil cylinder in the center of the machine base, and a door-shaped inner frame is arranged on the adjustment oil cylinder, and a high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder is installed on the beam of the door-shaped inner frame, and the axis of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder and the anchor The collet axis of the rod clamp coincides to ensure that the anchor rod can pass through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder; the height of the door-shaped inner frame is adjusted by adjusting the oil cylinder through manual operation, thereby driving the height of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder to be adjusted to make it suitable for anchors of different lengths Rod impact performance test.

In order to prevent the bolt from directly impacting the machine base when the bolt is broken by impact or comes out of the bolt clamp, a buffer rubber pad is provided on the adjustment cylinder.

In order to prevent the anchor rod from being pulled off and threatening the personal safety of the operator, there are protective plates around the machine base.

Utilize the test device of the present invention to carry out the method for dynamic quantitative test to the rock bolt impact resistance performance is:

Step 1: Set up the test plan

The purpose of the test is twofold: one is to obtain the test results of the anchor rods to be tested of the same specification under different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces; the other is to obtain the impact resistance of anchor rods of different specifications;

Step Two: Anchor the Anchor Rod

First, according to the requirements of the test plan, anchor the corresponding length of the anchoring end of the anchor rod to be tested in the sleeve with an anchoring agent, and place it until the anchoring agent is dry;

Step Two: Clamping the Anchor

Manually adjust the adjusting cylinder so that the adjusting cylinder is lowered to the lowest position, and the sleeve equipped with the anchor rod is clamped in the collet of the hydraulically driven collet chuck, so that the protrusion on the outer wall of the sleeve is stuck on the inner wall of the collet In the groove; the rising adjustment oil cylinder, the adjustment oil cylinder drives the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder on the door-shaped inner frame to rise until it rises to the point where the lower end of the anchor rod passes through the hole in the middle of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the anchor rod is installed with a tray and a nut. ;The clamping force is applied to the anchor rod through the hydraulically driven collet chuck,

Step 3: Conduct dynamic quantitative impact test on the impact resistance of the bolt

According to the set test plan, the impact force is applied to the anchor rod to be tested through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder. During the impact process, the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder and the displacement of the anchor rod from the sleeve under the impact force are tested. The displacement of the hollow hydraulic cylinder minus the displacement of the anchor rod moving from the sleeve is the deformation of the anchor rod; after the test is completed, loosen the clamping part, take out the sleeve, arrange the anchor rod after the test, and clean the sleeve. Carry out the next group of tests according to steps 2-3, and so on, until all the tests of the anchor rods to be tested are completed;

Step 4: Analyze test data

The above test data are compared horizontally and vertically, and the impact resistance performance of the anchor rods of the same specification under different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces can be obtained through horizontal comparison. Impact performance is good or bad.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) The clamping part designed in the present invention can simulate the force of the surrounding rock on the bolt, and the groove on the inner wall of the collet fits with the protrusion on the outer wall of the sleeve to prevent relative sliding between the sleeve and the collet during the test , paving the way for quantitative monitoring of bolt displacement; and by adjusting the clamping force of the clamping parts to control the parameters of the surrounding rock on the bolt, the impact resistance performance test of the bolt under different anchoring lengths and different anchoring forces can be realized. .

(2)) The impact part designed by the present invention can be adjusted in height by adjusting the adjustment of the oil cylinder, and can apply loads to anchor rods of different lengths; by controlling the impact force of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, it can be adjusted to apply different loads to anchor rods of different lengths. Load; By adjusting the loading speed of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder, the impact resistance of the anchor rod at different speeds can be tested, so that the impact resistance performance test of the anchor rod with different lengths can be realized.

(3) The present invention perfectly combines the clamping part and the impact part, and dynamically quantitatively simulates and analyzes the relationship between the support-surrounding rock interaction and the impact resistance of the bolt, which overcomes the current limitation of testing the mechanical properties of the bolt. Due to the lack of quantitative research on the interaction between the anchor and the surrounding rock, not only the test results of the same specification of the tested anchor under different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces can be obtained, but also the test results of different specifications of the anchor can be obtained. These research results provide a controllable basis for ensuring the effect of bolt support under different complex geological conditions underground.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of test device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram after the anchor rod is installed in the test device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a collet structure diagram of the hydraulically driven collet chuck of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural view of the sleeve in the clamping part of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the use state of the clamping part of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-5, the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of anchor rods of the present invention includes a machine base 1, a clamping part 7 and an impact part;

The clamping part 7 is provided with a door-shaped outer frame 2 at the center of the machine base 1, and an anchor rod clamp is provided on the beam 3 of the door-shaped outer frame; the described anchor rod clamp includes a hydraulically driven collet Type chuck and sleeve, the collet 10 of the collet type chuck driven by oil pressure is lengthened, and the inner wall of the collet 10 is provided with multi-circle grooves 14; the sleeve 15 is a cylindrical sleeve with a vertical notch , the outer wall of the sleeve 15 is provided with multiple circles of protrusions 16 that match the grooves of the inner wall of the collet 10, and the relative sliding between the sleeve 15 and the collet 10 during the test can be prevented through the protrusions 16 and the grooves 14;

The impact part is provided with a manual adjustment oil cylinder 6 in the center of the machine base 1, and a door-shaped inner frame 4 is arranged on the adjustment oil cylinder 6, and a high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 is installed on the beam 5 of the door-shaped inner frame. The axis of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 coincides with the axis of the collet 10 to ensure that the anchor rod can pass through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8; the height of the door-shaped inner frame 4 is adjusted by manually adjusting the cylinder 6, thereby driving the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 The height is adjusted to adapt to the impact performance test of bolts with different lengths

In order to prevent the anchor rod 11 from directly impacting the machine base 1 when the anchor rod is impacted and broken or comes out of the anchor rod clamp, a buffer rubber pad 9 is provided on the adjusting cylinder 6 .

In order to prevent the anchor rod 11 from being pulled off and threatening the personal safety of the operator, protective plates are provided around the machine base 1 .

The hydraulically driven collet chuck of the present invention can use the CPC-60A8 collet chuck of Dongguan Derui Confidential Machinery Co., Ltd.

Utilize the test device of the present invention to carry out the method for dynamic quantitative test to the rock bolt impact resistance performance is:

Step 1: Set up the test plan

The purpose of the test is twofold: one is to obtain the test results of the anchor rods to be tested with the same specification under different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces; the other is to obtain the impact resistance performance of the anchor rods of different specifications.

Step Two: Anchor the Anchor Rod

First, according to the requirements of the test plan, use the anchoring agent 17 to anchor the corresponding length of the anchoring end of the anchor rod 11 to be tested in the sleeve 15, and place it to wait for the anchoring agent 17 to dry;

Step Two: Clamping the Anchor

Manually adjust the adjustment oil cylinder 6, so that the adjustment oil cylinder 6 is lowered to the lowest position, and the sleeve 15 equipped with the anchor rod 11 is clamped in the collet 10 of the hydraulically driven collet chuck, so that the protrusion on the outer wall of the sleeve 15 The lifter 16 is stuck in the groove 14 on the inner wall of the collet 10; the cylinder 6 is raised to adjust, and the cylinder 6 is adjusted to drive the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 on the door-shaped inner frame 4 to rise until the lower end of the anchor rod 11 passes through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder. The hole in the middle of the cylinder 8, the lower end of the anchor rod 11 is fixed with the tray 12 and the nut 13; the clamping force is applied to the anchor rod 11 through the hydraulically driven collet chuck,

Step 3: Conduct dynamic quantitative impact test on the impact resistance of the bolt

According to the set test plan, the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 exerts an impact force on the anchor rod 11 to be tested. During the impact process, the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 under the impact force and the movement of the anchor rod 11 from the sleeve 15 are tested. The displacement of the anchor rod 11 is the deformation of the anchor rod 11 after subtracting the displacement of the anchor rod 11 from the sleeve 15 by the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8; After the bolt 11 is finished, and the sleeve 15 is cleaned, the next set of tests is carried out according to steps 2-3, and so on until all the bolts 11 to be tested are tested;

Step 4: Analyze test data

The above-mentioned test data is compared horizontally and vertically, and the impact resistance performance of the anchor rod 11 of the same specification under different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces can be obtained through horizontal comparison. Good or bad impact resistance.

Claims (3)

1. The test method of the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod is characterized in that the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod comprises a machine base, a clamping part and an impact part, wherein:

the clamping component is characterized in that a door-shaped outer frame is arranged in the center of the machine base, and an anchor rod clamp is arranged on a cross beam of the door-shaped outer frame; the anchor rod clamp comprises an oil pressure driven collet chuck and a sleeve, wherein a collet of the oil pressure driven collet chuck is lengthened, and a plurality of circles of grooves are formed in the inner wall of the collet; the sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve with a vertical notch, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of circles of bulges which are matched with the grooves on the inner wall of the collet chuck, and the bulges and the grooves can prevent the sleeve from sliding relative to the collet chuck in the test process;

the impact part is characterized in that a manual adjusting oil cylinder is arranged in the center of the stand, a door-shaped inner frame is arranged on the adjusting oil cylinder, a high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a cross beam of the door-shaped inner frame, the axis of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder is coincident with the axis of a collet chuck of the anchor rod clamp, and the anchor rod can pass through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder; the height of the inner frame of the door shape is adjusted by manually operating the adjusting oil cylinder, so that the height of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder is driven to be adjusted, and the high-speed hydraulic cylinder is suitable for testing the impact performance of anchor rods with different lengths;

the test method of the dynamic quantitative test device for the shock resistance of the anchor rod comprises the following steps:

the first step: set up test protocol

The purpose of the test is two: firstly, obtaining test results of the anchor rods to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces; secondly, the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications is obtained;

and a second step of: anchoring bolt

Firstly, according to the requirements of a test scheme, anchoring the corresponding length of an anchoring end of an anchor rod to be tested in a sleeve by using an anchoring agent, and placing the anchor rod to be tested for drying;

and a third step of: clamping anchor rod

Manually adjusting the adjusting oil cylinder to enable the adjusting oil cylinder to descend to the lowest position, clamping a sleeve with an anchor rod in a collet of an oil pressure driven collet chuck, and enabling a protrusion on the outer wall of the sleeve to be clamped in a groove on the inner wall of the collet chuck; the oil cylinder is adjusted in a lifting mode, the oil cylinder is adjusted to drive the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder on the door-shaped inner frame to lift up until the lower end of the anchor rod passes through a hole in the middle of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, and the tray and the nut are installed at the lower end of the anchor rod to be fastened; applying a clamping force to the anchor rod by using an oil pressure driven collet chuck;

fourth step: dynamic quantitative impact test for impact resistance of anchor rod

According to the set test scheme, applying impact force to the anchor rod to be tested through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, and testing the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder and the displacement of the anchor rod moving from the sleeve under the condition of the impact force in the impact process, wherein the deformation of the anchor rod is obtained by subtracting the displacement of the anchor rod moving from the sleeve from the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder; after the test is finished, loosening the clamping part, taking out the sleeve, finishing the tested anchor rods, cleaning the sleeve, performing the next group of tests according to the steps 2-3, and the like until all the anchor rods to be tested are tested;

fifth step: analysis of test data

And carrying out transverse comparison and longitudinal comparison on the test data, obtaining the impact resistance of the anchor rod to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces through transverse comparison, and comparing the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications in the longitudinal direction.

2. The method for testing the dynamic quantitative test device for the shock resistance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting oil cylinder is provided with a buffer rubber pad.

3. The method for testing the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the protection plate is arranged around the base.

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