CN107318842B - 一种水稻种子处理剂 - Google Patents
一种水稻种子处理剂 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
一种水稻种子处理剂，由有效成分和助剂组成，所述有效成分的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的5～85%，所述有效成分为双苯噁唑甲酸和赤霉素，所述助剂为表面活性剂、溶剂、助悬剂和防冻剂中的三种或三种以上。本发明提供的一种水稻种子处理剂，处理水稻种子，可提高水稻苗期对精噁唑禾草灵等除草剂的耐药性，提高除草剂对水稻和杂草稻等恶性杂草之间的选择性，保障水稻出苗率，降低双苯噁唑甲酸单独处理时对水稻种子发芽率的影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域，具体涉及一种水稻种子处理剂。
背景技术
水稻是世界最主要粮食作物之一，水稻田杂草严重，其中禾本科杂草防治困难，水稻田高效、安全、选择性良好的禾本科杂草除草剂具有广阔的市场前景和商业价值。
精噁唑禾草灵对禾本科杂草防效较高，但用于水稻幼苗期对水稻安全性较差，在育秧田或直播稻田等水稻苗较幼小时易出现药害。
双苯噁唑酸乙酯，英文名称：isoxadifen-ethyl，CAS号:163520-33-0，分子式：C18H17NO3，化学名称：4,5-二氢-5,5-二苯基-1,2-唑-3-羧酸乙酯，是一种安全剂，常用于提高玉米对除草剂的耐药性。安全剂具有较强的专一性，在不同作物上使用效果有很大差异。
双苯噁唑甲酸，英文名称：isoxadifen(free acid)，CAS号：209866-92-2，分子式：C16H13NO3，化学名称：4,5-二氢-5,5-二苯基-1,2-唑-3-甲酸，双苯噁唑甲酸，又称双苯噁唑酸(游离酸)，为双苯噁唑酸乙酯水解产物，亦可用于安全剂。
赤霉素是一种植物生长调节剂，有促进种子打破休眠、促进作物生长等作用。
在苗后使用水稻安全剂双苯噁唑酸乙酯，可提高水稻对精噁唑禾草灵的耐药性，但如杂草稻等杂草接触安全剂后对精噁唑禾草灵的耐药性亦上升；使用水稻安全剂双苯噁唑酸乙酯处理种子，可避免杂草稻等杂草接触安全剂，然而，双苯噁唑酸乙酯种子处理时不易吸收，无法有效保护水稻免受药害。双苯噁唑甲酸种子处理时可起到保护作用，但对水稻出苗率有抑制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种保障水稻出苗率且提高水稻苗对精噁唑禾草灵的耐药性的水稻种子处理剂。
一种水稻种子处理剂，由有效成分和助剂组成，所述有效成分的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的5～85％，所述有效成分为双苯噁唑甲酸和赤霉素，所述助剂为表面活性剂、溶剂、助悬剂和防冻剂中的三种或三种以上。
进一步地，所述有效成分的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的5～40％。
进一步地，所述双苯噁唑甲酸的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的0.5～80％，赤霉素的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的0.01～5％。
进一步地，所述表面活性剂为吐温80、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物和木质素及其磺酸盐衍生物的一种或几种。
进一步地，所述助悬剂为明胶，黄原胶，聚乙烯醇，羧甲基纤维素钠，树胶，硅酸镁铝，膨润土的一种或几种。
进一步地，所述溶剂为醇类和/或水。
进一步地，所述防冻剂为乙二醇或丙三醇。
进一步地，所述水稻种子处理剂的剂型为水悬浮剂或者水悬浮种衣剂。
进一步地，当所述水稻种子处理剂的剂型为水悬浮种衣剂时，水稻种子处理剂还包括警戒色料，所述警戒色料为玫瑰红色料。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、本发明提供的水稻种子处理剂处理水稻种子后，可提高水稻苗期对精噁唑禾草灵等除草剂的耐药性，水稻抑制率低于10％。
2、本发明提供的水稻种子处理剂处理水稻种子后，提高除草剂对水稻和杂草稻等恶性杂草之间的选择性。
3、本发明有效成分为双苯噁唑甲酸和赤霉素，可保障水稻出苗率，降低双苯噁唑甲酸单独处理时对水稻种子发芽率的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1
一种水稻种子处理剂，剂型为水悬浮种衣剂，按质量百分比计，双苯噁唑甲酸为10％，赤霉素为0.06％，吐温80为2％，硅酸镁铝为2％，羧甲基纤维素钠为0.2％，黄原胶为0.05％，丙二醇为10％，玫瑰红色料为2％，水为73.69％。上述原材料经搅拌、剪切、沙磨、过滤等按常规配制种衣剂的步骤加工成水稻种子处理剂。
实施例2
一种水稻种子处理剂，剂型为水悬浮种衣剂，按质量百分比计，双苯噁唑甲酸为20％，赤霉素为0.1％，吐温80为2％，硅酸镁铝为2％，聚乙烯醇为0.5％，黄原胶为0.05％，丙二醇为10％，玫瑰红色料为2％，水为63.35％。上述原材料经搅拌、剪切、沙磨、过滤等按常规配制种衣剂的步骤加工成水稻种子处理剂。
实施例3
一种水稻种子处理剂，剂型为水悬浮种衣剂，按质量百分比计，双苯噁唑甲酸为40％，赤霉素为0.5％，吐温80为2％，硅酸镁铝为2％，羧甲基纤维素钠为0.2％，黄原胶为0.05％，丙二醇为10％，玫瑰红色料为2％，水为43.25％。上述原材料经搅拌、剪切、沙磨、过滤等按常规配制种衣剂的步骤加工成水稻种子处理剂。
实施例4
一种水稻种子处理剂，剂型为水悬浮剂，按质量百分比计，双苯噁唑甲酸为5％，赤霉素为0.01％，吐温80为2％，硅酸镁铝为2％，木质素磺酸钠为1％，树胶为2％，丙二醇为10％，水为77.99％。上述原材料经搅拌、剪切、沙磨、过滤等按常规配制水悬浮剂的步骤加工成水稻种子处理剂。
实施例5
一种水稻种子处理剂，剂型为水悬浮剂，按质量百分比计，双苯噁唑甲酸为10％，赤霉素为0.2％，吐温80为2％，膨润土为2％，木质素磺酸钠为1％，羧甲基纤维素钠为0.2％，丙三醇为8％，水为76.6％。上述原材料经搅拌、剪切、沙磨、过滤等按常规配制水悬浮剂的步骤加工成水稻种子处理剂。
实施例6
一种水稻种子处理剂，剂型为水悬浮剂，按质量百分比计，双苯噁唑甲酸为50％，赤霉素为0.5％，吐温80为2％，硅酸镁铝为2％，萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物为1％，羧甲基纤维素钠为0.2％，乙二醇为10％，水为34.3％。上述原材料经搅拌、剪切、沙磨、过滤等按常规配制水悬浮剂的步骤加工成水稻种子处理剂。
实施例7对水稻安全性室内测定
方法:室内盆栽试验法。取风干、过筛田土，装盆；室内盆栽试验设置9组：
第1组：称取实施例1水稻种子处理剂20g，加水至80g，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
第2组：称取实施例2水稻种子处理剂10g，加水至80g，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
第3组：称取实施例3水稻种子处理剂10g，加水至80g，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
第4组：称取实施例4水稻种子处理剂40g，加水至80g，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
第5组：称取实施例5水稻种子处理剂20g，加水至80g，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
第6组：称取实施例6水稻种子处理剂10g，加水至80g，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
第7组：称取2g双苯噁唑甲酸，溶解于20g乙酸乙酯中，搅拌下缓慢滴入种子中；
第8组(空白对照1)：称取80g水，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
第9组(空白对照2)：称取80g水，加入1kg水稻种子中搅拌均匀；
上述9组经过处理的水稻种子阴干后播入土中，每盆播种10粒，培养至1叶1心期，第1组至第8组喷施精噁唑禾草灵0.2g/L，喷液量30kg/亩，第9组设置为不喷施精噁唑禾草灵对照，每个处理重复3次。药后15d调查水稻鲜重，计算鲜重抑制率及缓解率。
结果见表1。水稻幼苗期喷施精噁唑禾草灵6g/亩，产生严重药害，生长停止，心叶枯死，鲜重抑制率达77.55％。第1组至第6组即利用实施例1～6水稻种子处理剂进行种子处理能够显著提高稻苗对精噁唑禾草灵的抵抗力，水稻抑制率低于10％。而第7组即单独使用双苯噁唑甲酸对水稻苗生长有抑制，稻苗生长不如第1组至第6组。
表1不同水稻种子处理剂对水稻精噁唑禾草灵药害的缓解保护效果。
| 组别 | 水稻鲜重(g/盆) | 鲜重抑制率(％) | 缓解率(％) |
| 第1组 | 1.6804 | 9.22 | 88.11 |
| 第2组 | 1.7281 | 6.64 | 91.43 |
| 第3组 | 1.7146 | 7.37 | 90.49 |
| 第4组 | 1.7037 | 7.96 | 89.73 |
| 第5组 | 1.6946 | 8.45 | 89.10 |
| 第6组 | 1.7547 | 5.21 | 93.29 |
| 第7组 | 1.1272 | 39.11 | 49.58 |
| 第8组 | 0.4155 | 77.55 | |
| 第9组 | 1.8511 |
实施例8田间小区试验
试验在河南原阳进行，田块土地平整，肥力合适，土壤湿度适中。稻田整地时，均匀撒入杂草稻种子，播种量1kg/亩，耙匀后播种栽培稻。栽培稻种播种前，实施例6水稻种子处理剂进行浸种，具体如下：称取实施例6水稻种子处理剂，以清水稀释100倍，25℃，按种子：水稻种子处理剂比例为1:3对水稻种子进行浸种，每6h翻动一次，48h后捞出晾干，播种机进行旱直播，播种量8kg/亩。播种后以微喷带喷水，保持土壤湿润而无积水。播种后15d，水稻苗3叶1心期喷施精噁唑禾草灵6g/亩+五氟磺草胺2g/亩，喷雾量为30kg/亩，每个小区面积18平方米，每个处理重复3次，并留置对照区，对照区不喷施精噁唑禾草灵和五氟磺草胺。
药后7d、14d、21d，调查各处理栽培稻及其行间杂草稻药害指数。在施药前及药后21d，小区5点取样，调查鲜重。
表2目测栽培稻药害级别标准
表3目测杂草稻药害级别标准
| 药害级别 | 生长抑制率(％) |
| 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1～15 |
| 2 | 16～25 |
| 3 | 26～35 |
| 4 | 36～45 |
| 5 | 46～55 |
| 6 | 56～65 |
| 7 | 66～75 |
| 8 | 76～85 |
| 9 | 86～100 |
表4水稻种子处理剂浸种对精噁唑禾草灵和五氟磺草胺选择性目测结果
表5药后21d鲜重测定结果
由表2-表5可见，在喷施精噁唑禾草灵和五氟磺草胺后7d、14d、21d，目测对栽培稻机杂草稻的药害级别，结果表明，药后7d，杂草稻药害级别5级，生长抑制；药后14d，杂草稻害级别7级，心叶枯死，停止生长；药后21d，杂草稻害级别8级，逐渐枯死。药后21d测定鲜重，杂草稻鲜重抑制率达76.88％，而栽培稻抑制仅为6.71％。以上结果表明，通过对栽培稻种子进行水稻种子处理剂处理，可以提高精噁唑禾草灵对栽培稻与杂草稻的选择性。
以上所述之实施例，只是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非限制本发明实施范围，故凡依本发明专利范围所述技术方案所做的等效变化或修饰，均应包括于本发明申请专利范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，水稻种子处理剂由有效成分和助剂组成，所述有效成分的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的5～85%，所述有效成分为双苯噁唑甲酸和赤霉素，所述助剂为表面活性剂、溶剂、助悬剂和防冻剂中的三种或三种以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，所述有效成分的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的5～40%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，所述双苯噁唑甲酸的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的0.5～80%，赤霉素的质量占水稻种子处理剂总质量的0.01～5％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为吐温80、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物和木质素及其磺酸盐衍生物的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，所述助悬剂为明胶、黄原胶、聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、树胶、硅酸镁铝、膨润土的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，所述溶剂为醇类和/或水。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，所述防冻剂为乙二醇或丙三醇。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，所述水稻种子处理剂的剂型为水悬浮剂或者水悬浮种衣剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种水稻种子处理剂，其特征在于，当所述水稻种子处理剂的剂型为水悬浮种衣剂时，水稻种子处理剂还包括警戒色料，所述警戒色料为玫瑰红色料。
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