CN107317065B - TEC-based power battery thermal management system and control method thereof - Google Patents
TEC-based power battery thermal management system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract
The utility model provides a power battery thermal management system based on TEC, including the power battery package, with power battery package one-to-one's TEC assembly, a controller, the controller includes battery temperature acquisition module that connects gradually, BMS module, switch element drive module, battery temperature acquisition module's input links to each other with the temperature sensor in the power battery package, switch element drive module's output links to each other with the TEC assembly through DC/DC converter, control method includes BMS module carries out processing back output control command to switch element drive module to the power battery temperature signal from temperature acquisition module, if power battery temperature is not in its suitable operating temperature range, switch element drive module drives TEC assembly and carries out refrigeration heat dissipation or heating control by temperature, if power battery temperature is in its suitable operating temperature range, TEC assembly then does not carry out the control by temperature. The design not only simplifies the control, but also improves the working efficiency of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile temperature control, and particularly relates to a power battery thermal management system based on a TEC and a control method thereof, which are suitable for simplifying control and improving the working efficiency of the system.
Background
The main functions of the electric automobile power battery thermal management system include: the heat of the battery is effectively dissipated when the temperature of the battery is high, so that the thermal runaway of the battery is prevented; preheating is carried out when the temperature of the battery is low, so that the temperature of the battery is raised, and the charging and discharging performances and the safety of the battery at low temperature are ensured; the temperature difference in the battery pack is reduced, and the service life of the battery at the high temperature position is prevented from being attenuated too fast, so that the whole service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
According to different heat transfer mediums, the power battery heat management cooling modes mainly comprise: 1) Naturally radiating; 2) Forced air cooling; 3) Liquid cooling; 4) Direct cooling; 5) Phase change materials. At present, the electric automobile power battery thermal management technology mainly takes air thermal management and liquid thermal management as main materials, and the phase change material thermal management technology is still in a small-range exploration test stage at present.
The natural cooling system in the air thermal management system is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature, and can only dissipate heat of the power battery under the condition of proper outdoor temperature, and the power battery cannot be preheated in cold weather, so that the application range is limited. The air heat management system of the vehicle-mounted air conditioning system needs to be integrated with the whole vehicle air conditioning system, a refrigerant pipeline and a cooling water pipeline need to be arranged, an air duct also needs to be designed, cold air is used for uniformly radiating the power battery, and the air conditioning unit needs to occupy a large space; the air-conditioning air-cooled thermal management system thus occupies a large space and has a small specific volumetric energy density, which here refers to the ratio of the total energy to the volume of the battery (kWh/m 3 ). Meanwhile, the air heat management system has the defects that the uniformity of the temperature inside the battery box is not easy to control, the sealing design of the battery box is difficult, and the dustproof and waterproof effects are poor. The liquid heat management system is complex in design, liquid cooling pipelines are required to be arranged, the pipeline arrangement is complex, and the cost is high; and alsoThe water pump and the water tank are additionally arranged, and the water tank occupies a larger space. The insulating liquid adopted by the direct contact type liquid heat management system is generally relatively high in viscosity and low in flow velocity, so that the heat exchange effect is limited; the indirect contact type liquid heat management system adopts a liquid medium with high heat conductivity but poor insulativity, and the risk of short circuit occurs once the liquid medium leaks at night.
Chinese patent: the invention patent with application publication number CN104134831A and application publication date 2014, 11 and 5 discloses a temperature control device, method and system of a battery pack based on TEC cascade connection. Although the system precisely controls the temperature of the battery pack to an optimal target temperature, the control process is based on the temperature and current of the battery, and secondary TEC control is adopted, so that the control is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of complex control in the prior art and provides a power battery thermal management system based on TEC and a control method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
the power battery thermal management system based on the TEC comprises a plurality of power battery packs, TEC assemblies and a controller, wherein the TEC assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with the power battery packs, a sensor for detecting the temperature of the power battery is arranged in each power battery pack, the output end of the sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the TEC assemblies;
the controller comprises a battery temperature acquisition module, a BMS module and a switching element driving module which are sequentially connected, wherein the input end of the battery temperature acquisition module is connected with the sensor, and the output end of the switching element driving module is connected with the TEC assembly through a DC/DC converter.
The power battery pack comprises a box body and a power battery module arranged in the box body, wherein the TEC assembly comprises a plurality of TEC thermal management components connected in series, the TEC thermal management components are arranged between a bottom plate of the box body and the power battery module, and the TEC thermal management components are powered by the power battery module.
The thermal management module comprises a base plate, wherein a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the base plate, the TEC thermal management module comprises a temperature equalization plate, a TEC and a radiator which are sequentially arranged from one side to the other side of the TEC thermal management module, the periphery of the temperature equalization plate is fixedly connected with the base plate, and the radiator extends to the outside of the box body through the through holes.
And a heat insulation layer is arranged between the temperature equalization plate and the radiator, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the temperature equalization plate and the bottom plate.
And heat-conducting silica gel layers are arranged between the temperature equalizing plate and the battery module and between the TEC and the radiator.
The bottom plate is provided with a radiator air duct on the outer side, an inlet and an outlet of the radiator air duct are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the box body, and a bottom air inlet blower is arranged at the inlet of the radiator air duct and powered by the power battery module.
The DC/DC converter is a PWM type DC/DC converter.
A control method of a power battery thermal management system based on TEC sequentially comprises the following steps:
1. setting a proper working temperature range T of the power battery L ～T H Minimum limit operating temperature T min Maximum limit operating temperature T max ；
2. The temperature acquisition module sends the detected temperature signal of the power battery to the BMS module, the BMS module processes the temperature signal and outputs a control instruction to the switching element driving module, if the detected temperature of the power battery is not in a proper working temperature range, the switching element driving module drives the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to perform cooling and heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control instruction, and if the detected temperature of the power battery is in the proper working temperature range, the TEC assembly does not perform temperature control operation.
In the second step, if the detected temperature of the power battery is not within the proper working temperature range, the switching element driving module drives the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to perform cooling, heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control command, and the second step includes:
1. when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery>T max When the system is used, the BMS module sends a high-temperature prohibiting instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module to drive the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature T of the power battery H <t<T max When the system is used, the BMS module releases the high-temperature forbidden instruction and sends out a high-temperature warning instruction, and meanwhile, the BMS module also sends out a control instruction to the switch element driving module to drive the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module releases the high-temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t= (T) L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly 2;
2. when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature T of the power battery H <t<T max When the system is used, the BMS module sends out a high-temperature warning instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module to drive the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module releases the high-temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t= (T) L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly;
3. when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the system is used, the BMS module sends out a low-temperature warning instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module to drive the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to heat; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module releases the low-temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module detectsPower battery temperature t= (T L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly;
4. when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery<T min When the system is used, the BMS module sends a low-temperature prohibiting instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module to drive the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to heat rapidly; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the BMS module releases the low-temperature inhibition instruction and sends out a low-temperature warning instruction, and meanwhile, the BMS module also sends out a control instruction to the switch element driving module to drive the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to heat; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module releases the low-temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t= (T) L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly;
5. when the vehicle does not work at night in winter, the BMS module sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module to drive the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to heat, so that heat preservation of the power battery is realized.
The first step also comprises setting the input voltage of the TEC assembly to be the refrigeration voltage V 1 Heating voltage V 2 Fast heating voltage V 3 ；
In the second step, the first step is performed,
when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery>T H When the TEC assembly is in operation, the input voltage of the TEC assembly is adjusted to be the refrigeration voltage V 1 ；
When the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature is lower than the DEG C, the input voltage of the TEC assembly is regulated to be the heating voltage V 2 ；
When the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t of the power battery<T min When the TEC assembly is in operation, the input voltage of the TEC assembly is adjusted to be the rapid heating voltage V 3 ；
In step 5, the input voltage of the TEC assembly is adjusted to be the heating voltage V 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the controller in the power battery thermal management system based on the TEC comprises a battery temperature acquisition module, a BMS module and a switch element driving module which are sequentially connected, wherein the input end of the battery temperature acquisition module is connected with a sensor, the output end of the switch element driving module is connected with a TEC assembly through a DC/DC converter, when the system operates, firstly the temperature acquisition module sends a detected power battery temperature signal to the BMS module, the BMS module processes the temperature signal and outputs a control command to the switch element driving module, if the detected power battery temperature is not in a proper working temperature range, the switch element driving module drives the DC/DC converter to control the TEC assembly to perform cooling and heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control command, and if the detected power battery temperature is in the proper working temperature range, the TEC assembly does not perform temperature control operation. Thus, the present invention is simpler to control.
2. According to the power battery thermal management system based on the TEC, the TEC thermal management component is located between the bottom plate of the box body and the power battery module, the TEC thermal management component is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through the temperature equalizing plate, and the heat conducting silica gel layers are arranged between the temperature equalizing plate and the battery module and between the TEC and the radiator. Therefore, the invention not only has higher heat conduction efficiency, but also realizes the uniform temperature refrigeration and heating of the battery module.
3. The control method of the power battery thermal management system based on the TEC is realized by setting the proper working temperature range T of the power battery L ～T H Minimum limit operating temperature T min Maximum limit operating temperature T max Different control strategies are adopted aiming at different temperature intervals, and the TEC assembly is only electrically connectedThe temperature control operation is carried out when the temperature of the pool is not in a proper working temperature range, so that the method is scientific and effective, and the working efficiency of the whole system is improved. Therefore, the invention improves the working efficiency of the whole system.
4. The invention relates to a control method of a power battery thermal management system based on TEC, which sets the input voltage of a TEC assembly as refrigeration voltage V 1 Heating voltage V 2 Fast heating voltage V 3 The three gears are selected according to different temperature control requirements, so that the control is simpler and more effective. Thus, the present invention further simplifies and optimizes control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an electrical schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a power battery pack.
Fig. 3 is a view in the direction a of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the case of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the TEC thermal management assembly of fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the insulating layer in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a control flow chart of the present invention.
In the figure: the power battery pack 1, the box 11, the bottom plate 111, the through holes 112, the power battery module 12, the radiator air duct 13, the heat conducting silica gel layer 14, the TEC assembly 2, the TEC thermal management assembly 21, the temperature equalizing plate 211, the TEC212, the heat insulating layer 213, the radiator 214, the controller 3, the battery temperature acquisition module 31, the BMS module 32, the switching element driving module 33, the DC/DC converter 4, the blower 5 and the sealing gasket 6.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a TEC-based power battery thermal management system comprises a plurality of power battery packs 1, TEC assemblies 2 corresponding to the power battery packs 1 one by one, and a controller 3, wherein a sensor for detecting the temperature of the power battery is arranged in each power battery pack 1, the output end of the sensor is connected with the input end of the controller 3, and the output end of the controller 3 is connected with the TEC assemblies 2;
the controller 3 comprises a battery temperature acquisition module 31, a BMS module 32 and a switching element driving module 33 which are sequentially connected, wherein the input end of the battery temperature acquisition module 31 is connected with a sensor, and the output end of the switching element driving module 33 is connected with the TEC assembly 2 through a DC/DC converter 4.
The power battery pack 1 comprises a box body 11 and a power battery module 12 positioned in the box body 1, the TEC assembly 2 comprises a plurality of TEC thermal management components 21 connected in series, the TEC thermal management components 21 are positioned between a bottom plate 111 of the box body 11 and the power battery module 12, and the TEC thermal management components 21 are powered by the power battery module 12.
The base plate 111 is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes 112, the TEC thermal management assembly 21 comprises a temperature equalizing plate 211, a TEC212 and a radiator 214 which are sequentially arranged from one side to the other side of the TEC thermal management assembly, the periphery of the temperature equalizing plate 211 is fixedly connected with the base plate 111, and the radiator 214 extends to the outside of the box 11 through the through holes 112.
A heat insulating layer 213 is disposed between the temperature equalizing plate 211 and the heat radiator 214, and a sealing gasket 6 is disposed between the temperature equalizing plate 211 and the bottom plate 111.
A heat conducting silica gel layer 14 is arranged between the temperature equalizing plate 211 and the battery module 12 and between the TEC212 and the radiator 214.
The outside of the bottom plate 111 is provided with a radiator air duct 13, the inlet and the outlet of the radiator air duct 13 are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the box 11, the inlet of the radiator air duct 13 is provided with a bottom air inlet blower 5, and the blower 5 is powered by the power battery module 12.
The DC/DC converter 4 is a PWM type DC/DC converter.
A control method of a power battery thermal management system based on TEC sequentially comprises the following steps:
1. setting a proper working temperature range T of the power battery L ～T H Minimum limit operating temperature T min Maximum limit operating temperature T max ；
2. Firstly, the temperature acquisition module 31 sends the detected temperature signal of the power battery to the BMS module 32, the BMS module 32 processes the temperature signal and outputs a control instruction to the switching element driving module 33, if the detected temperature of the power battery is not in the proper working temperature range, the switching element driving module 33 drives the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform cooling and heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control instruction, and if the detected temperature of the power battery is in the proper working temperature range, the TEC assembly does not perform temperature control operation.
In the second step, if the detected temperature of the power battery is not within the proper operating temperature range, the driving module 33 of the switching element drives the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform cooling, heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control command, which includes:
1. when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery>T max When the TEC assembly 2 is in a refrigerating state, the BMS module 32 sends a high-temperature prohibiting instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform refrigerating and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery H <t<T max When the system is used, the BMS module 32 releases the high-temperature inhibition instruction and sends out a high-temperature warning instruction, and meanwhile, the BMS module 32 also sends out a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module 32 releases the high temperature warning command; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the power battery temperature t= (T L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly 2;
2. when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery H <t<T max When the TEC assembly 2 is in a refrigerating state, the BMS module 32 sends out a high-temperature warning instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform refrigerating and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module 32 releases the high temperature warning command; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the power battery temperature t= (T L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly 2;
3. when the temperature isThe acquisition module 31 detects the power battery temperature T min <t<T L When the temperature of the TEC assembly 2 is lower than the preset temperature, the BMS module 32 sends a low-temperature warning instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module 32 releases the low temperature warning command; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the power battery temperature t= (T L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly 2;
4. when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery<T min When the thermoelectric module (BMS) module 32 sends a low-temperature prohibiting instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat rapidly; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the BMS module 32 releases the low-temperature inhibition instruction and sends a low-temperature warning instruction, and meanwhile, the BMS module 32 also sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module 32 releases the low temperature warning command; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t= (T) L +T H ) And/2, the TEC assembly 2 stops working,
5. when the vehicle is not in operation at night in winter, the BMS module 32 sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat so as to realize heat preservation of the power battery.
The first step also comprises setting the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 as the refrigerating voltage V 1 Heating voltage V 2 Fast heating voltage V 3 ；
In the second step, the first step is performed,
when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery>T H When the TEC assembly 2 is in operation, the input voltage of the TEC assembly is adjusted to be the refrigeration voltage V 1 ；
When the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature is lower than the DEG C, the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is adjusted to be the heating voltage V 2 ；
When the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery<T min At the time, the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is adjusted to be the rapid heating voltage V 3 ；
In step 5, the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is adjusted to be the heating voltage V 2 。
The principle of the invention is explained as follows:
in view of the problems of complex control, high assembly difficulty, inconvenient later maintenance and low TEC efficiency of the existing system, the invention provides the TEC-based power battery thermal management system which can realize heat dissipation and heating of a power battery at the same time, has no noise and pollution during operation, is simple and reliable in system, has high working efficiency, is simple to assemble and is convenient to maintain.
Thermal insulation layer 213: according to the invention, the heat insulation layer 213 is arranged between the temperature equalization plate 211 and the radiator 214, so that heat exchange between the temperature equalization plate 211 and the radiator 214 can be reduced.
Thermally conductive silicone layer 14: according to the invention, the heat conduction silica gel layer 14 is arranged between the TEC212 and the radiator 214, so that on one hand, the heat conduction efficiency between the TEC212 and the radiator 214 can be improved, and on the other hand, the TEC212 is provided with a certain mounting pressure through the compression effect of the radiator 214, so that the working efficiency of the TEC212 is effectively improved.
Radiator duct 13: according to the invention, the radiator air duct 13 is arranged at the bottom of the box 11, and the blower 5 is arranged at the inlet of the radiator air duct 13, so that forced air cooling and heat dissipation are carried out on the radiator 214, and the refrigeration efficiency and the heating efficiency of the TEC assembly 2 can be effectively improved.
The electrical control principle of the invention is as follows:
the TEC assembly 2 of the present invention is composed of a plurality of TEC thermal management components 21 connected in series and is powered by the power cell pack 1. The cooling and heating switching, the cooling power and the heating power of the TEC assembly 2 are all realized through the DC/DC converter 4. The DC/DC converter 4 adopts PWM, and is internally provided with switching elements S1, S2, S3 and S4, wherein S1 and S4 are in a group, S2 and S3 are in a group, and when S1 and S4 are on and S2 and S3 are off, the TEC assembly 2 inputs forward voltage to cool and dissipate heat of the power battery; when S2 and S3 are on, S1 and S4 are off, negative voltage is input to the TEC assembly 2, and the power battery is heated. Meanwhile, the adjustment of the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 can be realized by changing the duty ratio of PWM.
The control method comprises the following steps:
the control method of the invention sets the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 as the refrigeration voltage V 1 Heating voltage V 2 Fast heating voltage V 3 Three gear positions. The setting principle of the gear is as follows:
1、V 1 when the gear works, if the ambient temperature is T 1 Initial temperature T of power battery 2 And the temperature of the power battery does not rise when the power battery works at the nC charge-discharge multiplying power;
2、V 2 when the gear works, if the ambient temperature is T 3 Initial temperature T of power battery 4 The temperature of the power battery does not drop when the power battery is kept stand and does not work;
3、V 3 when the gear works, if the ambient temperature is T 3 The initial temperature of the power battery is T 3 The temperature rise rate of the power battery is t 1 ℃/h。
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 7, a TEC-based power battery thermal management system comprises a plurality of power battery packs 1, TEC assemblies 2 corresponding to the power battery packs 1 one by one, and a controller 3, wherein the power battery packs 1 comprise a box 11 and power battery modules 12 positioned in the box 1, a sensor for detecting the temperature of the power battery is arranged in the power battery modules 12, the controller 3 comprises a battery temperature acquisition module 31, a BMS module 32 and a switching element driving module 33 which are sequentially connected, the input end of the battery temperature acquisition module 31 is connected with the sensor, the output end of the switching element driving module 33 is connected with the TEC assemblies 2 through a DC/DC converter 4, the TEC assemblies 2 comprise a plurality of TEC thermal management components 21 connected in series, the TEC thermal management components 21 are positioned between a bottom plate 111 of the box 11 and the power battery modules 12, the TEC thermal management assembly 21 is powered by the power battery module 12, the bottom plate 111 is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes 112, the TEC thermal management assembly 21 comprises a temperature equalizing plate 211, a TEC212, a thermal insulation layer 213 and a radiator 214 which are sequentially arranged from one side to the other side, the periphery of the temperature equalizing plate 211 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 111, a sealing gasket 6 is arranged between the temperature equalizing plate 211 and the bottom plate 111, a heat conducting silica gel layer 14 is arranged between the temperature equalizing plate 211 and the battery module 12 and between the TEC212 and the radiator 214, the radiator 214 extends to the outside of the box 11 through the through holes 112, the outside of the bottom plate 111 is provided with a radiator air flue 13, the inlet and the outlet of the radiator air flue 13 are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the box 11, the inlet of the radiator air flue 13 is provided with a bottom air inlet blower 5, the blower 5 and the power battery module 12 are connected in series to form a closed loop, the DC/DC converter 4 is a PWM type DC/DC converter.
A control method of a power battery thermal management system based on TEC sequentially comprises the following steps:
1. setting a proper working temperature range T of the power battery L ～T H Minimum limit operating temperature T min Maximum limit operating temperature T max And the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is set as the refrigeration voltage V 1 Heating voltage V 2 Fast heating voltage V 3 ；
2. Firstly, the temperature acquisition module 31 sends a detected temperature signal of the power battery to the BMS module 32, the BMS module 32 processes the temperature signal and outputs a control instruction to the switching element driving module 33, if the detected temperature of the power battery is not within a proper working temperature range of the power battery, the switching element driving module 33 drives the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform cooling and heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control instruction, and if the detected temperature of the power battery is within the proper working temperature range of the power battery, the TEC assembly does not perform temperature control operation, wherein if the detected temperature of the power battery is not within the proper working temperature range of the power battery, the switching element driving module 33 drives the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform cooling and heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control instruction comprises:
1. when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery>T max When the BMS module 32 sends out a high-temperature prohibiting instruction, the power battery system cannot work, and meanwhile, the BMS module 32 sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation, and the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is regulated to V 1 The blower 5 is turned on; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery H <t<T max When the BMS module 32 releases the high temperature prohibition instruction and sends out the high temperature warning instruction, the power battery system can work at the moment, and meanwhile, the BMS module 32 also sends out the control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform cooling and heat dissipation, and the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is regulated to V 1 The blower 5 is turned on; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module 32 releases the high temperature warning command; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the power battery temperature t= (T L +T H ) And (2) when the TEC assembly 2 stops working, and the blower 5 is turned off;
2. when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery H <t<T max When the power battery system is in operation, the BMS module 32 sends a high-temperature warning command to the switching element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to perform cooling and heat dissipation, and the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is regulated to V 1 The blower 5 is turned on; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module 32 releases the high temperature warning command; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the power battery temperature t= (T L +T H ) And (2) when the TEC assembly 2 stops working, and the blower 5 is turned off;
3. when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature of the TEC assembly 2 is lower than the preset temperature, the BMS module 32 sends a low-temperature warning command and simultaneously sends a control command to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat, and the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is regulated to V 2 The blower 5 is turned on; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module 32 releases the low temperature warning command; when the temperature is highThe power battery temperature t= (T) is detected by the degree acquisition module 31 L +T H ) And (2) when the TEC assembly 2 stops working, and the blower 5 is turned off;
4. when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery<T min When the BMS module 32 sends a low-temperature prohibiting command, the power battery system cannot work, and meanwhile, the BMS module 32 sends a control command to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat rapidly, and the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is regulated to V 3 The blower 5 is turned on; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the BMS module 32 releases the low-temperature inhibition instruction and sends a low-temperature warning instruction, the power battery system can work at the moment, and meanwhile, the BMS module 32 also sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat, and the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is regulated to V 2 The blower 5 is turned on; when the temperature acquisition module 31 detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module 32 releases the low temperature warning command; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t= (T) L +T H ) And (2) when the TEC assembly 2 stops working, and the blower 5 is turned off;
5. when the vehicle is not in operation at night in winter, the BMS module 32 sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module 33 to drive the DC/DC converter 4 to control the TEC assembly 2 to heat, and the input voltage of the TEC assembly 2 is regulated to V 2 The blower 5 is not turned on to realize heat preservation of the power battery.
Claims (2)
1. A control method of a power battery thermal management system based on TEC is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the thermal management system comprises a plurality of power battery packs (1), TEC assemblies (2) corresponding to the power battery packs (1) one by one and a controller (3), wherein a sensor for detecting the temperature of the power battery is arranged in each power battery pack (1), each controller (3) comprises a battery temperature acquisition module (31), a BMS module (32) and a switching element driving module (33) which are sequentially connected, the input end of each battery temperature acquisition module (31) is connected with the corresponding sensor, and the output end of each switching element driving module (33) is connected with the TEC assembly (2) through a DC/DC converter (4);
the control method sequentially comprises the following steps:
1. setting a proper working temperature range T of the power battery L ～T H Minimum limit operating temperature T min Maximum limit operating temperature T max ；
2. Firstly, a temperature acquisition module (31) sends a detected power battery temperature signal to a BMS module (32), the BMS module (32) processes the temperature signal again and outputs a control instruction to a switch element driving module (33), if the detected power battery temperature is not in a proper working temperature range, the switch element driving module (33) drives a DC/DC converter (4) to control a TEC assembly (2) to perform cooling and heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control instruction, if the detected power battery temperature is in the proper working temperature range, the TEC assembly (2) does not perform temperature control operation, wherein if the detected power battery temperature is not in the proper working temperature range, the switch element driving module (33) drives the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to perform cooling and heat dissipation or heating temperature control operation according to the control instruction comprises:
1. when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery>T max When the system is used, the BMS module (32) sends a high-temperature inhibition instruction and sends a control instruction to the switching element driving module (33) to drive the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature T of the power battery H <t<T max When the system is used, the BMS module (32) releases the high-temperature inhibition instruction and sends out the high-temperature warning instruction, and meanwhile, the BMS module (32) also sends out the control instruction to the switching element driving module (33) to drive the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module (32) releases the high temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t= (T) of the power battery L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly (2);
2. when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature of the power batteryT H <t<T max When the system is used, the BMS module (32) sends out a high-temperature warning instruction and sends out a control instruction to the switching element driving module (33) to drive the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to perform refrigeration and heat dissipation; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery<T H When the BMS module (32) releases the high temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t= (T) of the power battery L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly (2);
3. when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the system is used, the BMS module (32) sends out a low-temperature warning instruction and sends out a control instruction to the switching element driving module (33) to drive the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to heat; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module (32) releases the low-temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t= (T) of the power battery L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly (2);
4. when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery<T min When the system is used, the BMS module (32) sends a low-temperature inhibition instruction and sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module (33) to drive the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to rapidly heat; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the BMS module (32) releases the low-temperature inhibition instruction and sends a low-temperature warning instruction, and meanwhile, the BMS module (32) also sends a control instruction to the switching element driving module (33) to drive the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to heat; when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery>T L When the BMS module (32) releases the low-temperature warning instruction; when the temperature acquisition module detects the temperature t= (T) L +T H ) And (2) stopping working of the TEC assembly (2);
5. when the vehicle does not work at night in winter, the BMS module (32) sends a control instruction to the switch element driving module (33) to drive the DC/DC converter (4) to control the TEC assembly (2) to heat so as to realize heat preservation of the power battery.
2. The control method of the TEC-based power battery thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein:
the first step also comprises setting the input voltage of the TEC assembly (2) as the refrigeration voltage V 1 Heating voltage V 2 Fast heating voltage V 3 ；
In the second step, the first step is performed,
when the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery>T H When the TEC assembly (2) inputs voltage which is regulated to refrigeration voltage V 1 ；
When the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature T of the power battery min <t<T L When the temperature is lower than the DEG C, the input voltage of the TEC assembly (2) is adjusted to be the heating voltage V 2 ；
When the temperature acquisition module (31) detects the temperature t of the power battery<T min When the TEC assembly (2) is in use, the input voltage is adjusted to be the rapid heating voltage V 3 ；
In step 5, the input voltage of the TEC assembly (2) is adjusted to be the heating voltage V 2 。
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