CN107316691A - 一种防辐射阻燃复合防火电缆 - Google Patents
一种防辐射阻燃复合防火电缆 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防火电缆，具体涉及一种阻燃复合防火电缆，其包括至少两根绞合铜线缆芯、缆芯防护层、填充层、防辐射阻燃防火护套层，所述护套层由内至外依次为阻燃包带层、铠装钢带层、包含石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料的无卤隔氧层、绝缘防潮层、防火涂料层。本发明的电缆不仅耐高温、防火、低烟无毒、耐老化，同时具备良好的电磁屏蔽、防辐射和抗静电性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防火电缆，特别是涉及一种阻燃性和防辐射性能优异的防火电缆。
背景技术
随着社会的发展，电缆在大型企业和民用建筑中的使用量大幅增长。电缆在给人们带来方便的同时也带来了火灾危险性和辐射。一旦电缆被引燃，所释放的大量有毒气体和腐蚀性气体对人员会造成危害，对环境物体会造成腐蚀，燃烧产生的大量烟雾，会降低能见度，妨碍人员逃生以及灭火救援，此外，在良好通风条件下，被引燃的电线电缆的燃烧火焰很容易沿着电缆的铺设方向快速蔓延，从而扩大火势，增大危害。
现有技术的阻燃电缆，大多采用卤阻燃、低卤低烟阻燃、无卤低烟阻燃、绿色环保阻燃等方式。现有技术的耐火电缆，大多采用的是矿物绝缘耐火电缆和用云母带绕包无机绝缘的耐火电缆。现有技术中的电缆通常具有阻燃、耐火性能，应用于特定场合例如核电的电缆具有耐辐射性，但是通常不具有防辐射性。高压电缆周边的工频磁场对人体健康危害，电磁环境问题已经发展成为居民的切身利害问题。引起电磁环境问题的因素是输电线电晕放电的杂波(可见噪声、电视、收音机、杂波等)、臭氧以及导体内电流与电压产生的磁场和电场。对于电缆越来越多的应用在企业和民用建筑周边的情况下，对电缆的防辐射性提出了更高的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的正是针对上述现有技术中所存在的不足之处而提供一种防辐射阻燃复合防火电缆。
本发明的目的可通过下述技术方案来实现：
本发明的阻燃复合防火电缆包括至少两根绞合铜线缆芯、缆芯防护层、填充层、防辐射阻燃防火护套层。其特征在于，
所述缆芯防护层包裹在缆芯外部，由内至外依次为防火层、绝缘防潮层、阻燃层，所述防火层为云母防火层，所述的云母防火层的厚度为0.8～0.88mm；所述绝缘防潮层包括交联聚乙烯料，厚度为0.8～1.6mm；所述阻燃层为包括乙烯共聚物、硅树脂基团化合物的聚合物，厚度为1.0～1.8mm。
所述填充层包括阻燃填充绳、氯化石蜡或硅胶泥。
所述防辐射阻燃防火护套层包裹在缆芯、缆芯防护层和填充层外部，由内至外依次为阻燃包带层、铠装钢带层、无卤隔氧层、绝缘防潮层、防火涂料层，其中，所述阻燃包带层为两面带有涂料的玻璃纤维布；所述铠装钢带层为至少两层镀锌钢带绕包而成，间隙率为35-40％；所述无卤隔氧层包括石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料，所述石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料是将原料重量百分比为1：5～1：4的石墨烯与辛基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在有机溶剂中，在温度30～35℃下反应生成前躯物-辛基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的氧化石墨烯，将其超声分散在油酸溶剂中，在160～170℃温度下反应12-24小时，得到油酸化石墨烯，然后将重量百分比为1：100～1：50的油酸化石墨烯与聚乙烯分散、溶解在一定量的二甲苯溶剂中，通过溶液共混的方式将得到的油酸化石墨烯和聚乙烯溶液混合，之后经沉析、烘干、模压，获得了石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料，或者通过熔融共混方式直接得到石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料；所述防火涂料层包括重量百分比为氢氧化镁50～65％，碳酸镁钙15～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。
优选地，所述石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料是将原料重量百分比为1：4的石墨烯与辛基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在有机溶剂中，在温度35℃下反应生成前躯物-辛基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的氧化石墨烯，将其超声分散在油酸溶剂中，在160℃温度下反应12小时，得到油酸化石墨烯，然后将重量百分比为1：80的油酸化石墨烯与聚乙烯分散、溶解在一定量的二甲苯溶剂中，通过溶液共混的方式将得到的油酸化石墨烯和聚乙烯溶液混合，之后经沉析、烘干、模压，获得了石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料。
优选地，所述有机溶剂为乙醇。
优选地，防火涂料层包括重量百分比为氢氧化镁55～65％，碳酸镁钙12～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。
优选地，防火涂料层包括重量百分比为氢氧化镁60％，碳酸镁钙16％，硅酸钠4％，氯化石蜡2％以及云母颗粒。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明的防辐射阻燃防火电缆采用绞合铜线做导体，介电性能优异的云母、交联聚乙烯料和阻燃层做防火和绝缘，阻燃包带层、铠装钢带层、无卤隔氧层、绝缘防潮层、防火涂料层做护套层，使电缆既保留了现有技术的矿物绝缘电缆的耐高温、防火、低烟无毒、耐老化等特性，同时又克服了现有技术所存在的弯曲性能差、易吸潮、接头多、安装施工不方便，并提高了电缆的电磁屏蔽、防辐射和抗静电性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的防辐射阻燃复合防火电缆结构示意图。
图2为本发明的缆芯防护层的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
缆芯1，缆芯防护层2，填充层3，防辐射阻燃防火护套层4；
防火层21、绝缘防潮层22、阻燃层23；
阻燃包带层41、铠装钢带层42、无卤隔氧层43、绝缘防潮层44、防火涂料层45。
具体实施方式
本发明以下将结合实施例(附图)作进一步描述：
如图1所示，本发明的防辐射阻燃复合防火电缆包括至少两根绞合铜线缆芯1、缆芯防护层2、填充层3、防辐射阻燃防火护套层4。
如图2所示，缆芯防护层2包裹在缆芯1外部，由内至外依次为防火层21、绝缘防潮层22、阻燃层23。所述防火层为云母防火层，所述的云母防火层的厚度为0.8～0.88mm；所述绝缘防潮层包括交联聚乙烯料，厚度为0.8～1.6mm；所述阻燃层为包括乙烯共聚物、硅树脂基团化合物的聚合物，厚度为1.0～1.8mm。
填充层3包括阻燃填充绳、氯化石蜡或硅胶泥。
如图1所示，防辐射阻燃防火护套层4包裹在缆芯1、缆芯防护层2和填充层3外部，由内至外依次为阻燃包带层41、铠装钢带层42、无卤隔氧层43、绝缘防潮层44、防火涂料层45。阻燃包带层41为两面带有涂料的玻璃纤维布，涂料为阻燃液，例如包括氢氧化镁或氢氧化铝。铠装钢带层42为至少两层镀锌钢带绕包而成，间隙率为35-40％。
无卤隔氧层43可以是以聚烯烃为基体包含大量的氢氧化镁或氢氧化铝阻燃剂，其阻燃降温隔氧原理如下：一是氢氧化物被燃烧时会吸收周围空气中的大量热量；二是燃烧产生的水分子，在蒸发过程中也需要吸收大量热量，吸收热量过程中就可降低燃烧时的温度；三是经燃烧后产生了不溶的金属氧化物硬壳，可有效阻止氧气与有机物的接触，以达到阻燃隔氧的作用，在火焰燃烧的状态下不会放出大量烟雾和有害气体。此外，该无卤隔氧层43还包括石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料，所述石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料的制备方法是：
步骤1：将原料重量百分比为1：5～1：4的石墨烯与辛基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在有机溶剂中。优选石墨烯与辛基三乙氧基硅烷的重量百分比为1：4。有机溶剂可以为乙醇。
步骤2：在温度30～35℃下反应生成前躯物-辛基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的氧化石墨烯。优选反应温度为35℃。
步骤3：将氧化石墨烯超声分散在油酸溶剂中，在160～170℃温度下反应12-24小时，得到油酸化石墨烯。优选反应温度为160℃。
步骤4：将重量百分比为1：100～1：50的油酸化石墨烯与聚乙烯分散、溶解在一定量的二甲苯溶剂中，通过溶液共混的方式将得到的油酸化石墨烯和聚乙烯溶液混合。优选油酸化石墨烯与聚乙烯的重量百分比为1：80。
步骤5：将石墨烯和聚乙烯混合溶液经沉析、烘干、模压后，获得了石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料。
石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料也可以通过熔融共混方式直接得到。
石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料的加入一方面能够起到均匀电场的作用；另一方面能够有效地防止导致局部放电或绝缘击穿的问题，同时抑制电缆绝缘材料中的空间电荷集聚并且降低其电导率。
防火涂料层45的包括氢氧化镁50～65％，碳酸镁钙15～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。优选防火涂料层的包括氢氧化镁55～65％，碳酸镁钙12～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。进一步优选，防火涂料层的包括氢氧化镁60％，碳酸镁钙16％，硅酸钠4％，氯化石蜡2％以及云母颗粒。防火涂料层涂覆在普通电缆电线外部，在受火时耐火绝缘，高温条件下能阻止电缆绝缘层燃烧，涂覆在电缆表面使得电缆具有良好的抗弯性和柔韧性，延长电缆的使用寿命。
实施例一：
参见图1-2，本发明的阻燃复合防火电缆包括至少两根绞合铜线缆芯1、缆芯防护层2、填充层3、防辐射阻燃防火护套层4。缆芯防护层2包裹在缆芯1外部，由内至外依次为防火层21、绝缘防潮层22、阻燃层23。所述防火层为云母防火层，所述的云母防火层的厚度为0.8～0.88mm；所述绝缘防潮层包括交联聚乙烯料，厚度为0.8～1.6mm；所述阻燃层为包括乙烯共聚物、硅树脂基团化合物的聚合物，厚度为1.0～1.8mm。填充层3包括阻燃填充绳。防辐射阻燃防火护套层4包裹在缆芯1、缆芯防护层2和填充层3外部，由内至外依次为阻燃包带层41、铠装钢带层42、无卤隔氧层43、绝缘防潮层44、防火涂料层45。阻燃包带层41为两面带有涂料的玻璃纤维布，涂料为阻燃液，例如包括氢氧化镁或氢氧化铝。铠装钢带层42为至少两层镀锌钢带绕包而成，间隙率为35-40％。无卤隔氧层43包括石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料。防火涂料层45的包括氢氧化镁50～65％，碳酸镁钙15～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。所述石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料的制备方法是：
步骤1：将原料重量百分比为1：4的石墨烯与辛基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在有机溶剂中。
步骤2：在温度35℃下反应生成前躯物-辛基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的氧化石墨烯。
步骤3：将氧化石墨烯超声分散在油酸溶剂中，在160℃温度下反应12-24小时，得到油酸化石墨烯。
步骤4：将重量百分比为1：100～1：50的油酸化石墨烯与聚乙烯分散、溶解在一定量的二甲苯溶剂中，通过溶液共混的方式将得到的油酸化石墨烯和聚乙烯溶液混合。
步骤5：将油酸化石墨烯和聚乙烯混合溶液经沉析、烘干、模压后，获得了石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料。
实施例二：
防火涂料层45的包括氢氧化镁55～65％，碳酸镁钙12～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。其余特征与实施例一相同。
实施例三：
防火涂料层45的包括氢氧化镁60％，碳酸镁钙16％，硅酸钠4％，氯化石蜡2％以及云母颗粒。其余特征与实施例一相同。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种防辐射阻燃复合防火电缆，包括至少两根绞合铜线缆芯(1)、缆芯防护层(2)、填充层(3)、防辐射阻燃防火护套层(4)，其特征在于，
所述缆芯防护层(2)包裹在缆芯(1)外部，由内至外依次为防火层(21)、绝缘防潮层(22)、阻燃层(23)，所述防火层(21)为云母防火层，所述的云母防火层的厚度为0.8～0.88mm；所述绝缘防潮层(22)包括交联聚乙烯料，厚度为0.8～1.6mm；所述阻燃层(23)为包括乙烯共聚物、硅树脂基团化合物的聚合物，厚度为1.0～1.8mm；
所述填充层(3)包括阻燃填充绳、氯化石蜡或硅胶泥；
所述防辐射阻燃防火护套层(4)包裹在缆芯(1)、缆芯防护层(2)和填充层(3)外部，由内至外依次为阻燃包带层(41)、铠装钢带层(42)、无卤隔氧层(43)、绝缘防潮层(44)、防火涂料层(45)，其中，
所述阻燃包带层(41)为两面带有涂料的玻璃纤维布；
所述铠装钢带层(42)为至少两层镀锌钢带绕包而成，间隙率为35-40％；
所述无卤隔氧层(43)包括石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料，所述石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料是将原料重量百分比为1：5～1：4的石墨烯与辛基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在有机溶剂中，在温度30～35℃下反应生成前躯物-辛基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的氧化石墨烯，将其超声分散在油酸溶剂中，在160～170℃温度下反应12-24小时，得到油酸化石墨烯，然后将重量百分比为1：100～1：50的油酸化石墨烯与聚乙烯分散、溶解在一定量的二甲苯溶剂中，通过溶液共混的方式将得到的油酸化石墨烯和聚乙烯溶液混合，之后经沉析、烘干、模压，获得了石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料；
所述防火涂料层(45)包括重量百分比为氢氧化镁50～65％，碳酸镁钙15～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合防火电缆，所述石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料是将原料重量百分比为1：4的石墨烯与辛基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在有机溶剂中，在温度35℃下反应生成前躯物-辛基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的氧化石墨烯，将其超声分散在油酸溶剂中，在160℃温度下反应12小时，得到油酸化石墨烯，然后将重量百分比为1：80的油酸化石墨烯与聚乙烯分散、溶解在一定量的二甲苯溶剂中，通过溶液共混的方式将得到的油酸化石墨烯和聚乙烯溶液混合，之后经沉析、烘干、模压，获得了石墨烯/复合材料聚乙烯复合材料。
3.如权利要求所述的复合防火电缆，所述石墨烯/聚乙烯复合材料通过熔融共混方式直接得到。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的复合防火电缆，所述有机溶剂为乙醇。
5.如权利要求4所述的复合防火电缆，防火涂料层包括重量百分比为氢氧化镁55～65％，碳酸镁钙12～20％，硅酸钠3～5％，氯化石蜡2～3％以及云母颗粒。
6.如权利要求5所述的复合防火电缆，防火涂料层包括重量百分比为氢氧化镁60％，碳酸镁钙16％，硅酸钠4％，氯化石蜡2％以及云母颗粒。
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| CN108519649A (zh) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-11 | 安徽电信器材贸易工业有限责任公司 | 一种防火型光缆及其制造方法 |
| CN108530075A (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-14 | 成都智宸科技有限公司 | 一种超轻高强石墨烯电缆线的制作方法 |
| CN108666041A (zh) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-16 | 无锡市曙光电缆有限公司 | 铜芯交联聚乙烯绝缘钢带铠装聚氯乙烯护套耐火电力电缆 |
| CN111415776A (zh) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-07-14 | 江苏浦漕科技股份有限公司 | 柔软型矿物绝缘防火电缆 |
-
2017
- 2017-08-03 CN CN201710655517.8A patent/CN107316691A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108530075A (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-14 | 成都智宸科技有限公司 | 一种超轻高强石墨烯电缆线的制作方法 |
| CN108666041A (zh) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-16 | 无锡市曙光电缆有限公司 | 铜芯交联聚乙烯绝缘钢带铠装聚氯乙烯护套耐火电力电缆 |
| CN108519649A (zh) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-11 | 安徽电信器材贸易工业有限责任公司 | 一种防火型光缆及其制造方法 |
| CN111415776A (zh) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-07-14 | 江苏浦漕科技股份有限公司 | 柔软型矿物绝缘防火电缆 |
| NL2025371A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2021-09-16 | Jiangsu Pucao Tech Co Ltd | Flexible type mineral insulated fireproof cable |
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