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CN107310227B - 一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN107310227B
CN107310227B CN201710427713.XA CN201710427713A CN107310227B CN 107310227 B CN107310227 B CN 107310227B CN 201710427713 A CN201710427713 A CN 201710427713A CN 107310227 B CN107310227 B CN 107310227B
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刘晓艳
杨婉秋
于伟东
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Donghua University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，包括防刺材料本体，其中所述防刺材料本体为由防刺模块按阵列规律粘附于布料上制成，所述防刺模块为由热塑性高分子材料和高性能增强纤维组成，所述防刺模块上半部呈塔型或锥型、下半部呈棱台或圆台型，所述塔型或锥型的斜面分别与其底面的夹角为θ，且tanθ大于刀与防刺模块的摩擦系数μ，所述棱台或圆台靠近塔型或锥型一端的底部面积大于远离塔型或锥型底部一端的面积，所述塔型底边和棱台底面形状为多边形。本发明当刀尖撞到塔型或锥型部位，根据摩擦自锁原理，由于破坏了摩擦平衡条件，刀发生沿斜面的滑动，使刀的运动方向改变，可减少竖直方向的伤害。

Description

一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明属防刺材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料及其制作方法。
背景技术
近年来，人们的安全意识逐渐提高，安全装备的需求逐渐增大。在一些国家，比如中国，因为对枪械进行严格的控制，而对平时使用的一般刀具没什么太大限制，人们在生活中相比持枪的歹徒会更多的遇到持刀的歹徒。面对歹徒时警察、安保人员、见义勇为的人士等如果穿着性能优异的防刺割服装，将会有效减少伤害，增加安全系数。一件性质优异的防刺服也可以给需要走夜路及去其他危险地方的人群提供一定的安全保障。
目前的防刺服有硬质防刺服、半硬半软质防刺服、软质防刺服和液体防刺服4类。硬质防刺服是直接将金属材料加工成护板，或将金属轻质薄片排列组合来防刺。半硬半软质防刺服是以纤维和金属复合材料作为护板防刺。软质防刺服是使用高性能化学纤维织造的高支高密织物防刺。液体防刺服是将剪切增稠液渗入织物中，利用剪切增稠现象防刺。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料及其制作方法，通过控制防刺模块的形状和排列来制作防刺材料。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，包括防刺材料本体，其中所述防刺材料本体为由防刺模块按阵列规律粘附于布料上制成，所述防刺模块为由热塑性高分子材料和高性能增强纤维组成，所述防刺模块上半部呈塔型或锥型、下半部呈棱台或圆台型，所述塔型或锥型的斜面分别与其底面的夹角为θ，且tanθ大于刀与防刺模块的摩擦系数μ，所述棱台或圆台靠近塔型或锥型一端的底部面积大于远离塔型或锥型底部一端的面积，所述塔型底边和棱台底面形状为多边形。
本发明的进一步技术方案是，所述布料为化纤、棉、麻、丝、毛、高性能纤维中的至少一种纤维制成的织物。
本发明的又进一步技术方案是，所述布料为机织、针织、非织或编织织物。
本发明的再进一步技术方案是，所述防刺模块按照正方形紧密排列于布料上，且相邻两个防刺模块间距离为1mm。
本发明的再进一步技术方案是，所述热塑性高分子材料为聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酰胺树脂、环氧树脂或酚醛树脂。
本发明的再进一步技术方案是，所述高性能增强纤维所述高性能增强纤维选自玻璃纤维短纤、芳纶纤维短纤和碳纤维短纤中的一种。
本发明的再进一步技术方案是，所述塔型为金字塔型结构。
一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料的制作方法，其中包括以下步骤：
(a)利用注塑技术注塑得到防刺模块；
(b)将步骤(a)中防刺模块按阵列顺序整齐的粘附到布料上；
(c)然后将步骤(b)中的布料及防刺模块烘干，得到防刺材料。
本发明的再进一步技术方案是，所述步骤(a)注塑得到防刺模块的方法为将高性能增强纤维加入到熔融的高分子材料中混合，再利用压力注进模具中，冷却成型得到阵列形状的防刺模块。
本发明的更进一步技术方案是，所述步骤(b)中，防刺模块紧密排列，且相邻两个防刺模块间距离为1mm。
有益效果
与现有技术比较，本发明有以下几个优点：
1、当刀尖撞到塔型或锥型部位，根据摩擦自锁原理，由于破坏了摩擦平衡条件，刀发生沿斜面的滑动，使刀的运动方向改变，可减少竖直方向的伤害；
2、当刀具落入两个模块之间，模块受力后向刀的方向靠拢，刀具受到两边模块的大力挤压，摩擦力变大，锁死刀具，减少刀具的进一步伤害。
附图说明
图1为本发明中采用上部为塔型、下部为四边形底面的棱台的防刺模块的主视图图。
图2为图1俯视图。
图3为本发明中采用上部为塔型、下部为四边形底面的棱台的防刺模块粘附于布料上的防刺材料的俯视图。
图4为本发明中采用上部为锥形、下部为圆台的防刺模块的主视图。
图5为图4俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
如图1-5所示，一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，包括防刺材料本体，其中所述防刺材料本体为由防刺模块1按阵列规律粘附于布料2上制成，所述防刺模块1为由热塑性高分子材料和高性能增强纤维组成，所述防刺模块1上半部呈塔型或锥型、下半部呈棱台或圆台型，所述塔型或锥型的斜面分别与其底面的夹角为θ，且tanθ大于刀与防刺模块的摩擦系数μ，所述棱台或圆台型靠近塔型或锥型一端的底部面积大于远离塔型或锥型底部一端的面积，所述塔型底边和棱台底面形状为多边形。。
所述布料2为化纤、棉、麻、丝、毛、高性能纤维中的至少一种纤维制成的织物，所述布料2为机织、针织、非织或编织。
所述防刺模块按照正方形紧密排列于布料上，且相邻两个防刺模块间距离为1mm。
所述热塑性高分子材料为聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酰胺树脂、环氧树脂或酚醛树脂，所述高性能增强纤维所述高性能增强纤维选自玻璃纤维短纤、芳纶纤维短纤和碳纤维短纤中的一种。
所述塔型为金字塔型结构。
一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料的制作方法，其中包括以下步骤：
(a)利用注塑技术注塑得到防刺模块1：将高性能增强纤维加入到熔融的高分子材料中混合，再利用压力注进模具中，冷却成型得到阵列形状的防刺模块；
(b)将步骤(a)中防刺模块1按阵列顺序整齐的粘附到布料2上，防刺模块1紧密排列，且相邻两个防刺模块1间距离为1mm；
(c)然后将步骤(b)中的布料及防刺模块1烘干，得到防刺材料。
实施例2
本防刺材料使用芳纶机织布作为基布，面密度为190g/m2，厚度0.15mm，防刺材料的防刺模块使用碳纤维短纤与聚氨酯复合材料，碳纤维短纤与聚氨酯材料的质量比为1:3，防护模块的金字塔底面为边长5mm的正方形，金字塔高2mm，棱台底面为边长4mm的正方形，棱台高度为1mm。防护模块间的距离为1mm。
在熔融的聚氨酯中加入碳短纤维，利用注塑法制成防护模块。将所制得的防护模块用热熔胶粉黏在芳纶机织布上之的防刺材料。采用两层该防刺材料层叠制成防护面积为0.3平米的防刺服，防护服重量为2.1kg，厚度为12mm。该防刺服可以有效抵挡来自刀具的刺割伤害，能满足GA68-2008标准的安全测试。
实施例3
本防刺材料使用芳纶机织布作为基布，面密度为190g/m2，厚度0.15mm，防刺材料的防刺模块使用玻璃纤维短纤与聚氨酯复合材料，玻璃纤维短纤与聚氨酯材料的质量比为1:3，防护模块的金字塔底面为边长5mm的正方形，金字塔高2mm，棱台底面为边长4mm的正方形，棱台高度为1mm。防护模块间的距离为1mm。
在熔融的聚氨酯中加入玻璃短纤维，利用注塑法制成防护模块。将所制得的防护模块用热熔胶粉黏在芳纶机织布上之的防刺材料。采用两层该防刺材料层叠制成防护面积为0.3平米的防刺服，防护服重量为2.1kg，厚度为12.2mm。该放此附件可以有效抵挡来自刀具的刺割伤害，能满足GA68-2008标准的安全测试。
实施例4
本防刺材料使用芳纶机织布作为基布，面密度为190g/m2，厚度0.15mm，防刺材料的防刺模块使用玻璃短纤与聚碳酸酯复合材料，玻璃短纤与聚碳酸酯材料的质量比为1:3，防护模块的金字塔底面为边长5mm的正方形，金字塔高2mm，棱台底面为边长4mm的正方形，棱台高度为1mm。防护模块间的距离为1mm。
在熔融的聚碳酸酯中加入玻璃短纤维，利用注塑法制成防护模块。将所制得的防护模块用热熔胶粉黏在芳纶机织布上之的防刺材料。采用两层该防刺材料层叠制成防护面积为0.3平米的防刺服，防护服重量为2.2kg，厚度为12.3mm。该防刺服可以有效抵挡来自刀具的刺割伤害，能满足GA68-2008标准的安全测试。

Claims (8)

1.一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，包括防刺材料本体，其特征在于：所述防刺材料本体为由防刺模块(1)按阵列规律粘附于布料(2)上制成，所述防刺模块(1)为由热塑性高分子材料和高性能增强纤维组成，所述防刺模块(1)上半部呈塔型或锥型、下半部呈棱台或圆台型，所述塔型或锥型的斜面分别与其底面的夹角为θ，且tanθ大于刀与防刺模块的摩擦系数μ，所述棱台或圆台型靠近塔型或锥型一端的底部面积大于远离塔型或锥型底部一端的面积，所述塔型底边和棱台底面形状为多边形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，其特征在于：所述布料(2)为化纤、棉、麻、丝、毛、高性能纤维中的至少一种纤维制成的织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，其特征在于：所述布料(2)为机织、针织、非织或编织织物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，其特征在于：所述热塑性高分子材料为聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酰胺树脂、环氧树脂或酚醛树脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，其特征在于：所述高性能增强纤维选自玻璃纤维短纤、芳纶纤维短纤和碳纤维短纤中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料，其特征在于：所述塔型为金字塔型结构。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料的制作方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(a)利用注塑技术注塑得到防刺模块(1)；
(b)将步骤(a)中防刺模块(1)按阵列顺序整齐的粘附到布料(2)上；
(c)然后将步骤(b)中的布料及防刺模块(1)烘干，得到防刺材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种基于摩擦自锁原理的防刺材料的制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(a)注塑得到防刺模块(1)的方法为将高性能增强纤维加入到熔融的高分子材料中混合，再利用压力注进模具中，冷却成型得到阵列形状的防刺模块。
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