CN107308424A - 用于祛风除湿的粉剂 - Google Patents
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- CN107308424A CN107308424A CN201710426464.2A CN201710426464A CN107308424A CN 107308424 A CN107308424 A CN 107308424A CN 201710426464 A CN201710426464 A CN 201710426464A CN 107308424 A CN107308424 A CN 107308424A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于祛风除湿的粉剂,其特征在于配方按重量份数包括以下成分:独活15g、当归15g、威灵仙15g、穿山龙40g、透骨草20g、木瓜20g、天麻10g、五加皮20g、羌活10g、乳香10g、没药10g、续断10g、淫羊藿20g、镇阳20g、仙芽20g、楮实子10g、银杏叶15g、桑枝10g、伸筋草20g、透骨草10g、水蛭10g、地龙5g、黄连20g、防风20g、茜草10g、蕲蛇10g、芒虫10g、骨碎补15g、丹参10g、桂枝10g、鹿茸5g、肿节风10g、雷公藤5g、肉桂20g、麻黄10g、甘草30g、芥子20g、卤碱20g、生姜20g。其能有效的治疗由于风寒湿热诸邪入侵引发的关节疾病,疗效显著,中药配方,无副作用,其加工方法细度可达到分子化,治疗方法简单可在家中及任何地方使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于祛风除湿的粉剂,属于中医药领域。
背景技术
风湿痛是关节、关节周围软组织、肌肉、肌腱、韧带及血管损害;自身免疫疾病是免疫系统对自身组织丧失了识别能力而对自身组织产生了抗体,使自身组织被破坏,血管的破坏主要表现为血管壁的增厚,管腔狭窄,局部组织器官缺血及弥漫性结缔组织损害。
中医理论:为痹症血气不足腠理疏栝,营卫不固,外邪乘虚而入,风寒湿热诸邪入侵,邪气痹阻于肌肉经络、筋骨之间,导致肌肉筋骨关节发生酸痛、麻木、僵硬、屈伸不到、关节肿大、灼热等症状。
现有的治疗方法有口服中药、西药,或中药蒸汽治疗,但疗效均不显著。
张某,男56岁,住院号01003062,一年前无明显诱因而出现低热37.3℃,出现乏力、四肢酸疼的不适症状,六月前出现指间关节疼痛、红肿以及腕关节明显晨僵,继而趾、踝、膝、肘出现红肿晨僵,有压痛并有褐色素沉着,掌指关节有轻度变形,活动受限,腕关节对称结节。
RF 1:32阳性,关节滑液 WBC 4500×106/L 中性粒细胞 79%,手腕关节R片提示符合类风湿工期改变。
临床诊断类风湿性关节炎
曾用口服中、西药治疗,治疗效果不明显,而改用中药蒸汽治疗,药剂为《医宗金鉴》中的八仙逍遥汤:
防风荆芥、川芳、甘草各3g,当归6g,苍术、丹片、川椒各10g,苦参15g,黄柏6g。
功能祛风散寒、活血、通络,治疗软组织损伤,风寒湿邪、侵湿,主筋骨酸痛。
蒸汽治疗一周后,效果不明显,继而是使用另一种药剂配方:川乌30g、首乌30g、甘草20g、桂枝30g、地龙20g、蛇床子30g、红花20g、仓蝎20g、穿云30g、透骨草50g,蒸汽一周疗效仍不明显。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于祛风除湿的粉剂,其能有效的治疗由于风寒湿热诸邪入侵引发的关节疾病,疗效显著,中药配方,无副作用, 其加工方法细度可达到分子化,治疗方法简单可在家中及任何地方使用。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:用于祛风除湿的粉剂,其特征在于配方按重量份数包括以下成分:
独活15g、当归15g、威灵仙15g、穿山龙40g、透骨草20g、木瓜20g、天麻10g、五加皮20g、羌活 10g、乳香10g、没药10g、续断10g、淫羊藿20g、镇阳20g、仙芽20g、楮实子10g、银杏叶15g、桑枝10g、伸筋草20g、透骨草10g、水蛭10g、地龙5g、黄连20g、防风20g、茜草10g、蕲蛇10g、芒虫10g、骨碎补15g、丹参10g、桂枝10g、鹿茸5g、肿节风10g、雷公藤5g、肉桂20g、麻黄10g、甘草30g、芥子20g、卤碱20g 、生姜20g 。
具体制备过程如下:
将上述中药打碎,水煎时间1小时,倒出药液,将75%浓度的酒精倒入药碎中,静置30分钟,药碎中的物质成分溶解到酒精溶液中,将浸泡后的酒精溶液与药液混合,放入超声雾化器中,将雾化口对准加热皿,干燥后取粉备用,加热皿的加热温度为90℃。
将药粉均匀涂抹在无纺布上,在海绵上洒上75%酒精,将涂有药粉的无纺布铺在带有酒精的海绵正面,海绵背面有一层塑料膜,塑料膜外布置有加热线,制成敷药用海绵,将覆盖有无纺布的海绵正面敷在患者患处,接通加热线电源对海绵加热,海绵内的酒精蒸发并带走无纺布上的药粉伸入患者皮肤内发挥药效,热敷时间为30-40分钟。
本发明的积极效果是其能有效的治疗由于风寒湿热诸邪入侵引发的关节疾病,疗效显著,中药配方,无副作用, 其加工方法细度可达到分子化,治疗方法简单可在家中及任何地方使用。
独活:祛风除湿,通痹止痛,活血化瘀,扩张血管。
当归:止血、活血、祛风除痹痛。
威灵仙:祛风、胜湿通络、止痛。
穿山龙:祛风湿、止痛、舒筋活血。
透骨草:祛风湿、止痛、活血脉。
木瓜:平肝舒筋、化湿。
天麻:平肝息风止瘀。
五加皮:补肝肾、祛风湿、强筋骨
羌活:祛风止痛、散寒除湿
乳香:活血、定痛、伸筋、消肿、生肌
没药:散瘀、定痛、消肿、止痛、生肌
续断:补肝肾、强筋、续折伤
淫羊藿:用于风湿痹痛、肢体麻木拘挛
镇阳:补肾阳、益精血、强筋骨
仙芽:补肾阳、强筋骨、祛寒湿
楮实子:补肾清肝、明目利尿、用于腰膝酸软无力
银杏叶:降低血脂、保持血管畅通
桑枝:祛风湿、利关节
伸筋草:破血、利关节
透骨草:祛风、活血、止痛
水蛭:破血逐瘀、通络
地龙:扩张血管、抗组织、通络
黄连:保护肝脏、有类似肾上腺素的作用,减轻变态反应、抑菌
防风:散风解表、祛风胜湿止痛。
茜草:止血、祛瘀、通络
蕲蛇:祛风、通络、止痉。
芒虫:破血、祛瘀、通络
骨碎补:补肾强骨、续伤止痛、活血
丹参:祛瘀止痛、活血通经
桂枝:温脉通经,助阳化气
鹿茸:壮肾阳、益精血、强筋骨
肿节风:祛风通络散结
雷公藤:抑制免疫、减轻变态反应
肉桂:扩张血管、促进血液循环
麻黄:似肾上腺素的作用,抗过敏、抑制变态反应
甘草:对多种毒素有解毒作用、增强肝脏解毒功能、抗炎、抑制变态反应、似肾上腺素作用。
芥子:散结通络止痛。
卤碱:含多种微量元素,有一直各种细菌,扩张血管的作用。
生姜:散塞。
实验例1
扶余市仁和医院
第1次入院记录
住院号:0000000158
姓名:周某
婚姻:已婚
籍贯:吉林省
年龄:38岁
民族:汉族
入院日期:2010-2-27
性别:男性
职业:农民
病史叙述者:患者本人及其家属
地址及联系电话:吉林省德惠市
病史
主诉:双膝关节红肿疼痛一周,加重2天。.
现病史: 患者及其家属共诉1周前无明显诱因下出现双膝关节红肿疼痛,未引起重视,近两天在家休息无明显好转,今为进一步治疗速来我院就诊,门诊以:风湿性关节炎收入院。自发病来无恶心,呕吐,无发热,无寒战,无咳嗽、胸痛,无返酸、嗳气及黑便,无黄疸,无心悸、气短,无进行性消瘦。饮食、睡眠尚可,大小便正常。
既往史:两年前患风湿性关节炎
平素健康状况: □良好 一般 □较差
传染病史:无
预防接种史:不详
过敏史:无 □有 过敏原: 临床表现:
外伤史:无
手术史:无
系统回顾(有则画√,阳性病史应在下面空行内填写发病时间及扼要诊疗经过)
呼吸系统 □慢性咳嗽 □咯痰 □咯血 □呼吸困难 □胸痛
循环系统 心悸 □活动后气短 □下肢水肿 □心前区痛 □血压增高□晕厥
消化系统 □食欲减退 □反酸 □嗳气 □恶心 □呕吐 □腹胀 □腹痛□便秘
□腹泻 □呕血 □黑便 □便血 □黄疸
泌尿生殖系统 □腰痛 □尿急 □尿痛 □排尿困难 □血尿 □尿量异常 □夜尿增多 □浮肿
造血系统 □乏力 □头晕 □眼花 □牙龈出血 □鼻出血 □皮下出血 □骨通
内分泌与代谢系统 □食欲亢进 □食欲减退 □多汗 □畏寒 □多饮 □多尿
□双手颤抖 □性格改变 □显著肥胖 □明显消瘦 □毛发增多
□毛发脱落 □色素沉着 □性功能改变
肌肉骨骼系统 □游走性关节痛 关节痛 关节红肿 □关节变形 □肌肉痛
□肌肉萎缩
神经系统 □头晕 □头痛 □眩晕 □晕厥 □记忆力减退 □视力障碍 □失眠
□意识障碍 □颤动 □抽搐 □瘫痪 □感觉异常
个人史 出生地:吉林省德惠市 从事何种工作:农民 地方病地区居住情况:良好 冶游史:无
嗜烟(无 □有)约____年,平均____支/日。戒烟(□未 □已)约___年
嗜酒(无 □偶 □经常)约____年,平均____两/日。其他:
婚姻史结婚年龄22岁配偶情况好。
家庭史(注意与患者现病有关的遗传与传染性疾病) 无遗传病史
父 □健在 □患病 已故 □死因
母 □健在 □患病 已故 □死因
兄弟姐妹:好 子女及其他:好
体格检查
体温38.4℃ 脉搏78次/min 呼吸20次/min 血压126/80mmHg
一般状况 发育:正常 □不良 □超常 营养: 良好 □中等 □不良 □恶病质
面容:无病容 □急性 □慢性病容 □其他
表情:□自如 痛苦 □忧虑 □恐惧 □淡漠
体位:自主 □半卧位 □其他 步态:□正常 不正常
神志:清楚 □嗜睡 □模糊 □昏睡 □谵妄
配合检查:合作 □不合作
皮肤粘膜 色泽:正常 □潮红□苍白 □紫绀 □黄染 □色素沉着
皮疹:无 □有 (类型及分布: )
皮下出血:□无 □有 (类型及分布: )
毛发分布:正常 □多毛 □稀疏 □脱落 (部位: )
温度与湿度:正常 □冷 □干 □湿 弹性:正常 □减退
水肿:无 □有(部位及程度: )
肝掌:无 □有 蜘蛛痣:□无 □有(部位:数目 )
其他:无
淋巴结 全身浅表淋巴结:无肿大 □肿大(部位及特点: )
头部 头颅 大小(正常 □大 □小)畸形(无 □尖颅 □方颅 □变形颅)
其他异常(□压痛 □包块 □凹陷 □其他(部位: )
眼 眼睑:(正常 □水肿 □下垂 □倒睫)
结膜:(正常 □充血 □水肿 □出血)
巩膜:黄染(无 □有)
眼球:正常 □凸出 □凹陷 □震颤 运动障碍(□左 □右)
角膜:正常 □异常 (□左 □右)
瞳孔:等圆 等大 □不等 左_3.0_____mm右__3.0____mm
对光反射:正常 □迟钝(左 右) □消失(左 右)
其他:无
耳 耳廓:正常 □畸形 □耳前瘘管 □其他:(左 右)
外耳道分泌物(无 □左 □右)性质乳突压痛(无 □左 □右)
听力粗试障碍:无 □左 □右
鼻 外形(正常 □异常)其它异常(无 □鼻翼煽动 □鼻塞 □分泌物)
鼻窦压痛:无 □有(部位: )□其他
口唇 红润 □发绀 □苍白 □疤疹 □皲裂 □粘膜: 正常 □异常
腮腺 导管开口:正常 □肿胀 □脓性分泌物
舌 正常 □肿胀 □溢脓 □出血 □色素沉着 □铅线
齐 □缺牙 龋齿 义齿
扁桃体 无肿大 咽:无红肿 声音:正常 □嘶哑
颈部 抵抗感 无 颈动脉:搏动正常 □搏动增强
□有 □左侧减弱 □右侧减弱 □血管杂音
颈静脉 正常 □充盈 □怒张 气管:居中 □向左偏移 □向右偏移
肝颈静脉回流征:阴性 □阳性
甲状腺:正常 □肿大 度 □对称
侧为主:□弥漫性 结节性:□质软 □质硬
其他异常:无 □压痛 □震颤 □血管杂音
胸部 胸廓:正常 □桶状胸 □扁平胸 □鸡胸 □漏斗胸
膨隆或凹陷(□左 □右)心前区膨隆 胸骨叩痛
乳房:正常对称 □左异常 □右异常
异常情况:□男乳女化 □包块 □压痛 □乳头分泌物
肺 视诊:正常 □左增强 □左减弱 □右增强 □右减弱
肋间隙: 正常 □增宽 □变窄(部位: )
触诊: □语颤 正常 □左增强 □左减弱 □右增强 □右减弱
胸膜摩擦感:无 □有
皮下捻发感:无 □有(部位: )
叩诊:正常清音 □浊音 □实音 □过清音 □鼓音 肩胛线:右_7_肋间,左8_肋间
移动度:右_7cm, 左_8__cm
听诊:呼吸规整 □不规整 呼吸音 正常 □异常(性质、部位描写: )
罗音 无 □有 干性: □鼾音 □哨笛音 湿性: □大 □中 □小水泡音□捻发音
语音传导:正常 □减弱 □增强 (部位: )
心 视诊:心前区隆起无 □有 (部位: )
心尖搏动位置 正常 □移位(距左锁骨中线内0.5cm)
其他部位搏动 无 □有 (部位: )
触诊:心尖搏动 正常 □增强 □抬举感 □触不清
震颤无 □有(部位: 时期: )
心包摩擦感: 无 □有
叩诊:相对浊音界:正常 □缩小 □右扩大 □左扩大
听诊疗:心率 72 次/分 心率 (齐 □不齐 □绝对不齐)
心音 S1 正常 □增强 □减弱 □分裂
S2 正常 □增强 □减弱 □分裂
S3 无 □有
S4 无 □有 A2 P2
额外心音:无 □奔马律舒张早期 □奔马律收缩期前 □奔马律重叠 □开瓣音
□其他
杂音无 □有(描述强度、传导)
周围血管:无异常血管征 □枪击音 □Duroziez □二重杂音 □水冲脉 □毛细血管
□搏动 □脉搏短绌 □奇脉 □交替脉 □其他
腹部
其他异常:无 □腹壁静脉曲张 □腹纹 □手术瘢痕 □疝
触诊:柔软 □腹肌紧张 部位: 压痛:无 □有 (部位: )
特征描述:
肝:未触及 □可触及:大小 cm 特征描述:
胆囊:未触及 □可触及:大小 cm 压痛 无 □有 Murphy征 阴性□阳性
脾:未触及 □可触及:肋下 cm 特征描述:
肾:未触及 □可触及 大小: 硬度: 压痛: 移动度:
输尿管压痛点:无 □有 (部位: )
叩诊:肝浊音界(存在 □缩小 □消失)肝上界位于右锁骨中线 6肋间
移动性浊音无 □有 肾区叩痛无 □有
听诊:肠鸣音正常 □亢进 □减弱 □消失 气过水声无 □有 血
管杂 音无 □有
生殖器 未查 □正常 □异常
肛门直肠 未查 □正常 □异常
脊柱四肢 脊柱: 正常 □畸形 棘突: □压痛 □叩痛 部位:活动度
正常 □受限
四肢: 正常 □异常
异常情况: □关节红肿 □关节强直 □肌肉压痛 □肌肉萎缩 □下肢静
脉曲张
部位及特征: 杵状趾 无 □有 (部位: )
神经系统 腹壁反射 (正常 □↓ □○)肌张力(正常 □↑ □↓)
肌力(V级) 肢体瘫痪无 □左 □右 □上 □下
肱二头肌反射 左(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)右(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)
膝腱反射 左(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)右(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)
跟腱反射 左(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)右(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)
(符号↑表示亢进 ○表示消失 ↓表示减弱)
Hoffmann 征阴性 □阳性(左 右) Babinski 征阴性 □阳性(左 右)
Kernig 征阴性 □阳性(左 右) 其他:
实验室及器械检查结果
入院诊断:风湿性关节炎
记录者(签字)__
审阅者(签字)_________
记录日期 2010年2 月 27 日 10 时 10 分
2010年2月27日 11时30分 首次病程记录
患者:周某,男性,38岁,双膝关节红肿疼痛一周,加重2天。于2010年2月27日在家属陪同下步行非急诊入院。
病例特点(病情评估):
1.主要症状:患者及其家属共诉1周前无明显诱因下出现双膝关节红肿疼痛伴无力,未引起重视,近两天在家休息无明显好转。今为进一步治疗速来我院就诊,门诊以:风湿性关节炎收入院。自发病来无恶心,呕吐,无发热,无寒战,无咳嗽、胸痛,无返酸、嗳气及黑便,无黄疸,无心悸、气短,无进行性消瘦。饮食、睡眠尚可,大小便正常。
2.体征:生命体征正常,颈软,无抵抗,双肺呼吸音粗,未闻及干湿性罗音,心腹不检查未见异常,双下肢无浮肿,四肢肢体肌力V级,肌张力不高,浮髌实验阳性,神经系统检查未见异常。
3.辅助检查: C-反应蛋白: 30 mg/L
血沉: 50 mm/h
类风湿因子:40IU/ mL
血常规WBC: 11.5 x 10^9 L
抗核抗体:阳性
关节液WBC: 21000 x 10^6 L ,分液:78%
彩超:可见关节腔中等量积液
DR: 符合风湿性关节炎改变
鉴别诊断:1.骨关节炎:为退行性骨关节病,多见于50岁以上者。主要累及膝、脊柱等负重关节。活动时关节痛加重,可有关节肿、积液。手指骨关节炎可在远端指间关节出现赫伯登结节和近断指关节的出现布夏尔结节。大多数患者ESR正常,RF阴性或低滴度阳性。X线示非对称性关节间隙狭窄、关节边缘呈唇样增生或骨疣形成。
2.银屑病关节炎:本病多于皮肤银屑病后若干年发生,30%-50%的患者表现为对性多关节炎,与RA相似。本病累及远端指关节处更明显,表现为该关节的附着端炎和手指。同时可有骶髂关节炎和脊柱炎,血清RF多阴性。
临床诊断:风湿性关节炎
诊断依据: C-反应蛋白: 30 mg/L
血沉:50 mm/h
类风湿因子:40 IU/ mL
血常规WBC: 11.5 x 10^9 L
抗核抗体:阳性
关节液WBC: 21000 x 10^6 L ,分液:78%
彩超:可见关节腔中等量积液
DR:符合风湿性关节炎改变
治疗原则:1.抗炎
2.改善关节周围循环
3.促进关节液吸收
4.消除变态反应
实验例2
扶余市仁和医院
第1次入院记录
门诊号:
住院号:0000000158
姓名:李某
婚姻:已婚
籍贯:吉林省
年龄:45岁
民族:汉族
入院日期:2012-2-27
性别:女性
职业:农民
病史叙述者:患者本人及其家属
地址及联系电话:吉林省德惠市
病史
主诉:双侧腕关节,掌指关节疼痛半月余。
现病史: 患者及其家属共诉半月前无明显诱因下出现双侧腕关节,掌指关节疼痛,今为治疗速来我院就诊,门诊以:类风湿性关节炎收入院。自发病来无恶心,呕吐,无发热,无寒战,无咳嗽、胸痛,无返酸、嗳气及黑便,无黄疸,无心悸、气短,无进行性消瘦。饮食、睡眠尚可,大小便正常。
既往史:两年前患风湿性关节炎
平素健康状况: □良好 一般 □较差
传染病史:无
预防接种史: 不详
过敏史: 无 □有 过敏原: 临床表现:
外伤史: 无
手术史: 无
系统回顾(有则画√,阳性病史应在下面空行内填写发病时间及扼要诊疗经过)
呼吸系统 □慢性咳嗽 □咯痰 □咯血 □呼吸困难 □胸痛
循环系统 □心悸 □活动后气短 □下肢水肿 □心前区痛 □血压增高 □晕厥
消化系统 □食欲减退 □反酸 □嗳气 □恶心 □呕吐 □腹胀 □腹痛 □便秘
□腹泻 □呕血 □黑便 □便血 □黄疸
泌尿生殖系统 □腰痛 □尿急 □尿痛 □排尿困难 □血尿 □尿量异常 □夜尿增多 □浮肿
造血系统 □乏力 □头晕 □眼花 □牙龈出血 □鼻出血 □皮下出血 □骨通
内分泌与代谢系统 □食欲亢进 □食欲减退 □多汗 □畏寒 □多饮 □多尿
□双手颤抖 □性格改变 □显著肥胖 □明显消瘦 □毛发增多
□毛发脱落 □色素沉着 □性功能改变
肌肉骨骼系统 □游走性关节痛关节痛 □关节红肿 □关节变形 □肌肉痛
□肌肉萎缩
神经系统 □头晕 □头痛 □眩晕 □晕厥 □记忆力减退 □视力障碍 □失眠
□意识障碍 □颤动 □抽搐 □瘫痪 □感觉异常
个人史 出生地:吉林省德惠市 从事何种工作:农民 地方病地区居住情况:良好 冶游史:无
嗜烟(无 □有)约____年, 平均____支/日。戒烟(□未 □已)约___年
嗜酒(无□偶 □经常)约____年,平均____两/日。其他:
婚姻史 结婚年龄 22岁 配偶情况好。
家庭史(注意与患者现病有关的遗传与传染性疾病) 无遗传病史
父 □健在 □患病 已故 □死因
母 □健在 □患病 已故 □死因
兄弟姐妹: 好 子女及其他:好
体 格 检 查
体温38.5 ℃ 脉搏78次/min 呼吸20 次/min 血压130/80 mmHg
一般状况 发育:正常□不良□超常 营养:良好□中等 □不良 □恶病质
面容: 无病容 □急性 □慢性病容 □其他
表情:□自如 痛苦 □忧虑 □恐惧 □淡漠
体位:自主 □半卧位 □其他 步态:□正常 □不正常
神志:清楚 □嗜睡 □模糊 □昏睡 □谵妄
配合检查: 合作 □不合作
皮肤粘膜 色泽: 正常 □潮红 □苍白 □紫绀 □黄染 □色素沉着
皮疹: 无 □有(类型及分布: )
皮下出血: 无 □有 (类型及分布: )
毛发分布:正常 □多毛 □稀疏 □脱落 (部位: )
温度与湿度:正常 □冷 □干 □湿 弹性: 正常 □减退
水肿: 无 □有 (部位及程度: )
肝掌:无 □有 蜘蛛痣: □无 □有 (部位: 数目)
其他:无
淋巴结 全身浅表淋巴结:无肿大 □肿大 (部位及特点: )
头部 头颅 大小(正常 □大 □小)畸形(无 □尖颅 □方颅 □变形颅)
其他异常(□压痛 □包块 □凹陷 □其他(部位: )
眼 眼睑:(正常 □水肿 □下垂 □倒睫)
结膜:(正常 □充血 □水肿 □出血)
巩膜:黄染(无 □有)
眼球:正常 □凸出 □凹陷 □震颤 运动障碍 (□左 □右)
角膜:正常 □异常 (□左 □右)
瞳孔:等圆 等大 □不等 左_3.0_____mm 右__3.0____mm
对光反射:正常 □迟钝 (左 右 ) □消失(左 右 )
其他:无
耳 耳廓: 正常 □畸形 □耳前瘘管 □其他:(左 右 )
外耳道分泌物(无 □左 □右) 性质乳突压痛(无 □左 □右)
听力粗试障碍:无 □左 □右
鼻 外形(正常 □异常) 其它异常(无□鼻翼煽动□鼻塞□分泌物)
鼻窦压痛:无 □有(部位: )□其他
口唇 红润□发绀□苍白□疤疹□皲裂□粘膜 :正常 □异常
腮腺 导管开口:正常 □肿胀 □脓性分泌物
舌 正常 □肿胀 □溢脓 □出血 □色素沉着 □铅线
齐 □缺牙 龋齿 义齿
扁桃体 无肿大 咽:无红肿 声音:正常 □嘶哑
颈 部 抵抗感 无 颈动脉: 搏动正常 □搏动增强
□有 □左侧减弱 □右侧减弱 □血管杂音
颈静脉 正常 □充盈 □怒张 气管:居中 □向左偏移 □向右偏移
肝颈静脉回流征:阴性 □阳性
甲状腺:正常 □肿大 度 □对称
侧为主:□弥漫性 结节性 :□质软 □质硬
其他异常:无 □压痛 □震颤 □血管杂音
胸部 胸廓:正常 □桶状胸 □扁平胸 □鸡胸 □漏斗胸
膨隆或凹陷 (□左 □右 )心前区膨隆 胸骨叩痛
乳房:正常对称 □左异常 □右异常
异常情况:□男乳女化 □包块 □压痛 □乳头分泌物
肺 视诊:正常 □左增强 □左减弱 □右增强 □右减弱
肋间隙: 正常 □增宽 □变窄(部位: )
触诊: □语颤 正常 □左增强 □左减弱 □右增强 □右减弱
胸膜摩擦感:无 □有
皮下捻发感:无 □有(部位: )
叩诊:正常清音 □浊音 □实音 □过清音 □鼓音 肩胛线:右_7_肋间,左8_肋间
移动度:右_7cm, 左_8__cm
听诊:呼吸规整 □不规整 呼吸音正常 □异常(性质、部位描写: )
罗音无 □有 干性:□鼾音 □哨笛音 湿性:□大 □中 □小水泡音 □捻发音
语音传导:正常 □减弱 □增强 (部位: )
心 视诊:心前区隆起无 □有 (部位: )
心尖搏动位置 正常 □移位(距左锁骨中线内0.5cm)
其他部位搏动 无 □有 (部位: )
触诊:心尖搏动 正常 □增强 □抬举感 □触不清
震颤无 □有(部位: 时期: )
心包摩擦感: 无 □有
叩诊:相对浊音界:正常 □缩小 □右扩大 □左扩大
听诊疗:心率 72 次/分 心率 (齐 □不齐 □绝对不齐)
心音 S1 正常 □增强 □减弱 □分裂
S2 正常 □增强 □减弱 □分裂
S3 无 □有
S4 无 □有 A2 P2
额外心音:无 □奔马律舒张早期 □奔马律收缩期前 □奔马律重叠 □开瓣音
□其他
杂音 无 □有(描述强度、传导)
周围血管:无异常血管征 □枪击音 □Duroziez □二重杂音 □水冲脉 □毛细血管
□搏动 □脉搏短绌 □奇脉 □交替脉 □其他
腹部
其他异常:无 □腹壁静脉曲张 □腹纹 □手术瘢痕 □疝
触诊:柔软 □腹肌紧张 部位: 压痛:无 □有 (部位: )
特征描述:
肝:未触及 □可触及:大小 cm 特征描述:
胆囊:未触及 □可触及:大小 cm 压痛 无 □有 Murphy征
阴性 □阳性
脾:未触及 □可触及:肋下 cm 特征描述:
肾:未触及 □可触及 大小: 硬度: 压痛: 移动度:
输尿管压痛点:无 □有 (部位: )
叩诊:肝浊音界(存在 □缩小 □消失)肝上界位于右锁骨中线 6肋间
移动性浊音无 □有 肾区叩痛无 □有
听诊:肠鸣音正常 □亢进 □减弱 □消失 气过水声无 □有 血
管杂 音无 □有
生殖器 未查 □正常 □异常
肛门直肠 未查 □正常 □异常
脊柱四肢 脊柱: 正常 □畸形 棘突: □压痛 □叩痛 部位:活动度
正常 □受限
四肢: □正常 异常
异常情况: 关节红肿 □关节强直 □肌肉压痛 □肌肉萎缩 □下肢静
脉曲张
部位及特征: 杵状趾 无 □有 (部位: )
神经系统 腹壁反射 (正常 □↓ □○)肌张力(正常 □↑ □↓)
肌力(V级) 肢体瘫痪无 □左 □右 □上 □下
肱二头肌反射 左(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)右(正常 □↓ □○□↑)
膝腱反射 左(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)右(正常 □↓ □○□↑)
跟腱反射 左(正常 □↓ □○ □↑)右(正常 □↓ □○□↑)
(符号↑表示亢进 ○表示消失 ↓表示减弱)
Hoffmann 征 阴性 □阳性(左 右) Babinski 征 阴性 □阳性(左 右)
Kernig 征阴性 □阳性(左 右) 其他:
实验室及器械检查结果
入院诊断:类风湿性关节炎
记录者(签字)_________
审阅者(签字)_________
记录日期 2012年2 月 27 日 10 时 10 分
姓名:李某 科室:骨科 床位:202-03 住院号:0000000158
2012年2月27日 11时30分 首次病程记录
患者:李也,女性,45岁,双侧腕关节,掌指关节关节疼痛半月余。于2012年2月27日在家属陪同下步行非急诊入院。
病例特点(病情评估):
1.主要症状:患者及其家属共诉半月前无明显诱因下出现双侧腕关节,掌指关节疼痛伴无力,今为治疗速来我院就诊,门诊以:类风湿性关节炎收入院。自发病来无恶心,呕吐,无发热,无寒战,无咳嗽、胸痛,无返酸、嗳气及黑便,无黄疸,无心悸、气短,无进行性消瘦。饮食、睡眠尚可,大小便正常。
2.体征:生命体征正常,颈软,无抵抗,双肺呼吸音粗,未闻及干湿性罗音,心腹检查未见异常,掌指关节半脱位,手指尺侧偏斜,双下肢无浮肿,肢体肌力V级,肌张力不高,神经系统检查未见异常。
3.辅助检查:C-反应蛋白:31mg/L
血沉:50mm/h
类风湿因子:38 IU/ mL
血常规WBC: 11.9 x 10^9 L
抗核抗体:阳性
关节液WBC: 21099 x 10^6 L ,分液:78%
彩超:可见关节腔中等量积液。
DR:关节周围软组织肿胀影,关节端骨质疏松,符合类风湿性关节炎改变
鉴别诊断:1.强直性脊柱炎:主要侵犯脊柱,周围关节受累时,特别是以膝,踝,髋关节为首发症状者,需与RA相鉴别。AS多见于青壮年男性,外周关节受累以及非对称性的下肢大关节炎为主,极少累及手关节,骶髂关节炎具有典型的X线改变。可有家族史,90%以上患者HLA-B27阳性,血清RF阴性。
2.系统性红斑狼疮:关节病变较RA轻,一般为非侵蚀性,且关节外的系统性症状如蝶形红斑,皮疹,脱发,蛋白尿等较突出。血清ANA,抗双链DNA抗体等多种自身抗体阳性。
临床诊断:类风湿性关节炎
诊断依据:C-反应蛋白: 31 mg/L
血沉: 50 mm/h
类风湿因子:38 IU/ mL
血常规WBC: 11.9 x 10^9 L
抗核抗体:阳性
关节液WBC: 21099 x 10^6 L ,分液:78%
彩超:可见关节腔中等量积液。
DR:关节周围软组织肿胀影,关节端骨质疏松,符合类风湿性关节炎改变。
治疗原则:1.抗炎
2.改善关节周围循环
3.促进关节液吸收
4.消除变态反应
上述几位患者曾用各种西药、中药及多种方法治疗,但是疗效都不显著,病情不稳定,用发明的药方治疗二十天后病情明显好转,关节红肿及关节积液消失,各项辅助检查正常,每年预防治疗一次,至今身体无任何不良反应及复发。
附图说明
图1为本发明的热敷的药粉贴层面图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明:
实施例1如图1所示,按重量份数包括以下成分的配方:
独活15g、当归15g、威灵仙15g、穿山龙、透骨草20g、木瓜20g、天麻10g、五加皮20g、羌活10g、乳香10g、没药10g、续断10g、淫羊藿20g、镇阳20g、仙芽20g、楮实子10g、银杏叶15g、桑枝10g、伸筋草20g、透骨草10g、水蛭10g、地龙5g、黄连20g、防风20g、茜草10g、蕲蛇10g、芒虫10g、骨碎补15g、丹参10g、桂枝10g、鹿茸5g、肿节风10g、雷公藤5g、肉桂20g、麻黄10g、甘草30g、芥子20g、卤碱20g 、生姜20g 的中药打碎,水煎时间1小时,倒出药液,将75%浓度的酒精倒入药碎中,静置30分钟,药碎中的物质成分溶解到酒精溶液中,将浸泡后的酒精溶液与药液混合,放入超声雾化器中,将雾化口对准加热皿,干燥后取粉备用,加热皿的加热温度为90℃。
将药粉均匀涂抹在无纺布1上,在海绵2上洒上75%酒精,将涂有药粉的无纺布1铺在带有酒精的海绵2正面,海绵2背面有一层塑料膜3,塑料膜3外布置有加热线,制成敷药用海绵,将覆盖有无纺布1的海绵2正面敷在患者患处,接通加热线电源对海绵2加热,海绵2内的酒精蒸发并带走无纺布1上的药粉伸入患者皮肤内发挥药效,热敷时间为30-40分钟。
Claims (1)
1.用于祛风除湿的粉剂,其特征在于配方按重量份数包括以下成分:
独活15g、当归15g、威灵仙15g、穿山龙40g、透骨草20g、木瓜20g、天麻10g、五加皮20g、羌活 10g、乳香10g、没药10g、续断10g、淫羊藿20g、镇阳20g、仙芽20g、楮实子10g、银杏叶15g、桑枝10g、伸筋草20g、透骨草10g、水蛭10g、地龙5g、黄连20g、防风20g、茜草10g、蕲蛇10g、芒虫10g、骨碎补15g、丹参10g、桂枝10g、鹿茸5g、肿节风10g、雷公藤5g、肉桂20g、麻黄10g、甘草30g、芥子20g、卤碱20g 、生姜20g ;
具体制备过程如下:
将上述中药打碎,水煎时间1小时,倒出药液,将75%浓度的酒精倒入药碎中,静置30分钟,药碎中的物质成分溶解到酒精溶液中,将浸泡后的酒精溶液与药液混合,放入超声雾化器中,将雾化口对准加热皿,干燥后取粉备用,加热皿的加热温度为90℃;
将药粉均匀涂抹在无纺布上,在海绵上洒上75%酒精,将涂有药粉的无纺布铺在带有酒精的海绵正面,海绵背面有一层塑料膜,塑料膜外布置有加热线,制成敷药用海绵,将覆盖有无纺布的海绵正面敷在患者患处,接通加热线电源对海绵加热,海绵内的酒精蒸发并带走无纺布上的药粉伸入患者皮肤内发挥药效,热敷时间为30-40分钟。
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CN102949508A (zh) * | 2012-12-08 | 2013-03-06 | 李承平 | 一组热熨舒筋散 |
CN103212045A (zh) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-24 | 左桂成 | 一种治疗痹症的熏蒸药物 |
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CN102949508A (zh) * | 2012-12-08 | 2013-03-06 | 李承平 | 一组热熨舒筋散 |
CN103212045A (zh) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-24 | 左桂成 | 一种治疗痹症的熏蒸药物 |
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