CN107306090B - power supply controller - Google Patents
power supply controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN107306090B CN107306090B CN201610239988.6A CN201610239988A CN107306090B CN 107306090 B CN107306090 B CN 107306090B CN 201610239988 A CN201610239988 A CN 201610239988A CN 107306090 B CN107306090 B CN 107306090B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
本发明是一种电源控制器，包括输入电源感测端、第一驱动端、第一负载感测端、第二驱动端以及第二负载感测端，可连接并控制功率因数校正预先调节器及直流电至直流电转换器的至少其中之一，并依据来自输入电源感测端的输入电源状态信号以及第一、第二负载感测端的负载状态信号，分别选取适当的频率负载工作曲线以执行相对应的操作模式，而将交流电的输入电源转换成稳定直流电的输出电源。由于本发明可随输入电源状态以及负载状态而动态改变操作模式，所以可降低导通损失及切换损失，同时频率负载工作曲线可用以维持不同输入电压下的最佳操作效率，因而大幅提升整体的电源转换效率。
The present invention is a power controller, including an input power sensing terminal, a first driving terminal, a first load sensing terminal, a second driving terminal and a second load sensing terminal, which can be connected to and control at least one of a power factor correction pre-regulator and a DC to DC converter, and according to the input power state signal from the input power sensing terminal and the load state signals from the first and second load sensing terminals, respectively select appropriate frequency load working curves to execute corresponding operation modes, and convert the input power of AC into a stable DC output power. Since the present invention can dynamically change the operation mode according to the input power state and the load state, the conduction loss and the switching loss can be reduced, and the frequency load working curve can be used to maintain the best operation efficiency under different input voltages, thereby greatly improving the overall power conversion efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is provided in particular in multiple frequency load working curves about a kind of power-supply controller of electric, and foundation comes from
Input power senses the input power status signal at end and the load status signal at the first, second load sensing end, selects respectively
Take wherein frequency load working curve appropriate generated with executing corresponding operation mode first and second PWM driving letter
Number, control respectively PFC preset apparatu and direct current to direct current electric transducer at least one, and then will
The input power of alternating current is converted into the out-put supply of stable DC electricity, can reduce switch cost, conduction losses, no-load losses,
Promote whole power supply conversion efficiency.
Background technique
Power supply unit is quite important electrical component in current electronic product because different product need different voltages or
The power supply of electric current and operate, for example, integrated circuit (IC) needs 5V or 3V, electric motor needs 12V DC electric, and liquid crystal display
Fluorescent tube in device needs the power supply of more high pressure, such as 1150V, thus needs power supply unit to meet the needs of to different electrical power.
Therefore, the power converter topology of power supply unit increasingly flourishes, and belongs to a considerable ring in electronic industry.
In the prior art, general often using direction flyback converter (flyback converter) to reach power supply conversion
Purpose, adjust (Primary Side Regulation, PSR) or primary side comprising primary side and adjust (Secondary Side
Regulation, SSR) different pressure stabilizing frameworks, but all only use single-frequency loaded work piece curve, for example, 90V~
In the range of 264V, wherein the frequency of driving signal is to be changed with different loads according to frequency load working curve.
In order to reach efficiency of new generation requirement, power supply unit must reach higher four and carry average efficiency and extremely low
No-load losses, and the efficient minimum for requiring the power loss concerning power adapter, wherein power loss can be divided into again
Conduction losses and two kinds of switch cost, but the two is generally that variation tendency that then I grows that disappear to be presented, that is, be difficult simultaneously
Reduce conduction losses and switch cost.Generally, determine the specific practice of the controller in balance conduction losses and switch cost of frequency
It is to be designed as the fully loaded of high pressure (such as 230VAC) discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), and expiring low pressure (such as 115VAC)
Load is designed as continuous conduction mode (CCM).
In addition, traditional design is the bias resistance that maintenance electric current is added, such as 431IC or mute electricity in terms of idle voltage stabilizing
It hinders (Dummy resistor), uses the stabilization for maintaining output voltage.
Although to determine, the practice of frequency equilibrium conduction losses and switch cost can be similar to optimization and mention in the prior art
The efficiency of high full load, but has the disadvantage that: handoff loss at light load can not be effectively reduced, and this quasi-controller is to belong to
Hard handover approach, that is, switching condition is constrained to the characteristic of hardware circuit and elastic can not change.In addition, QR (Quasi
Resonant) although the controller of mode can reach the soft handover function of part, but for the full voltage of 90VAC~264VAC
It for range applications, will lead in high input voltage, such as 230VAC, the operating frequency of system can be excessively high, causes substantially to cut
The advantage of weak soft handover.
Although the further drawback of the prior art is that QR mode can reduce switch cost under identical power conditions, lead
Logical loss is but also higher than CCM, so QR model comparision is suitably applied the condition of low-load, conduction losses when because of low-load compared with
It is small.As a result, the prior art can not further increase power supply conversion efficiency.
Hence it is highly desirable to which a kind of power-supply controller of electric of innovation, provides multiple frequency load working curves, and can be according to next
From the input power status signal at input power sensing end and the load status signal at the first, second load sensing end, respectively
It chooses wherein frequency load working curve appropriate and generates first and second PWM driving letter to execute corresponding operation mode
Number, control respectively PFC preset apparatu and direct current to direct current electric transducer at least one, and then will
The input power of alternating current is converted into the out-put supply of stable DC electricity, can reduce switch cost, conduction losses, no-load losses,
It promotes whole power supply and changes efficiency, use and solve above-mentioned problem of the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of power-supply controller of electric, have input power sensing end, the first driving end,
First load sensing end, the second driving end and the second load sensing end, can be connected to PFC (PFC) and are pre-adjusted
Device and direct current to direct current (DC_DC) converter at least one, mainly according to from input power sensing end
Input power status signal and the load status signal at the first, second load sensing end, choose multiple preset frequencies respectively
Frequency load working curve appropriate in loaded work piece curve, and corresponding operation mode is executed, comprising handling mode, burst
Mode, discontinuous conduction mode, continuous conduction mode, and then the first, second PWM drive signal is generated, to by alternating current
Input power is converted into the out-put supply of stable DC electricity, conduction losses and switch cost can not only be greatly reduced, while can tie up
It holds the optimum operation efficiency under different input voltages and promotes whole power supply conversion efficiency.
Specifically, PFC preset apparatu is to receive input power, processing is pre-adjusted through PFC and generates PFC direct current
Source, and DC_DC converter receives PFC DC power supply, adjusts processing through DC to DC and generates out-put supply.In addition, input
Power supply sensing end, the first driving end and the first load sensing end are to be connected to PFC preset apparatu, and second drives end and second
Load sensing end is to be connected to DC_DC converter.
Input power senses end and receives input power, and the first load sensing end is preparatory to PFC to sensing DC _ DC converter
The load effect of adjuster, and the second load sensing end can be produced by sensing DC _ DC converter and the out-put supply that exports is held
The load received.
Power-supply controller of electric stores multiple preset frequency load working curves, and different frequency loaded work piece curve is corresponding
To the different voltages range of input power, power supply source controller carries out power supply conversion operation, and then generates the first PWM drive signal
And second PWM drive signal, respectively through the first driving end and the second driving end is sent to PFC preset apparatu and DC_DC is converted
Input power is converted into out-put supply by device.
Frequency load working curve is that the first PWM drive signal and second are defined within the scope of the different voltages of input power
The frequency of PWM drive signal is to the variation relationships of different loads, wherein when loading heavier, first and second PWM drive signal
Frequency can remain unchanged or become higher.
Specifically, each frequency load working curve is frequency in the longitudinal axis and horizontal axis is that the two-dimensional frequency load loaded is put down
It is the first curve, the second curve and third curve comprising sequentially connecting on face, wherein the first curve, third curve are respectively to have
The horizontal linear of different height, and the second curve is accelerated curve, and the first curve, the second curve are connected in the first break,
Second curve, third curve are the connections of the second break, and the first break and the second break define opposite frequency and load respectively
Numerical value.In addition, defined in two-dimensional frequency load plane boundary conduction mode (Boundary Conduction Mode,
BCM) curve, to define the opereating specification of discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), continuous conduction mode (CCM), and BCM curve institute
The frequency of definition is to decline as load increases, while BCM curve can hand over more the second curve or third curve, but not with the
One curve intersection.Furthermore it is the opereating specification for belonging to DCM in the bottom-left quadrant of BCM curve, and the upper right side area of BCM curve
Domain is the opereating specification for belonging to CCM, that is, frequency is lower, operates in towards DCM, and frequency is higher, then operation is towards CCM.Especially
It is that the first curve is the load condition for corresponding to idling load, and the region between the first curve, BCM curve is to correspond to low bear
It carries, and region more than BCM curve is to correspond to heavy duty.It is appropriate that power-supply controller of electric of the invention can be chosen according to input power
Frequency load working curve, the frequency of the first PWM drive signal of adjustment and the second PWM drive signal is used, while according to BCM
Curve judges loading level, and then chooses operation mode appropriate in DCM, CCM.
It should be noted that the frequency of the second break and load are the frequency and load of respectively greater than the first break, and second
The frequency of break and load are to rise with the voltage of input power and reduce.
Still further, above-mentioned power supply conversion operation includes: in PFC preset apparatu and/or DC_DC converter
When load condition is that idling carries (corresponding to the first curve) and corresponding load current is zero, as zero load, then power supply control
Device processed is chosen and executes the mode of handling；If it is being carried in idling and (correspond to the first curve) and corresponding load current is not zero
When, then it chooses and executes burst mode；If it is in low-load (region between the first curve, BCM curve is corresponded to, then is selected
It takes and executes discontinuous conduction mode；And it is continuous if it is heavy duty (corresponding to BCM curve or more), then choosing and executing
Conduction mode.
Since the present invention is designed to that operation mode can be changed with input power state and load condition and dynamically, so
Can reduce conduction losses and switch cost, at the same can according to input power voltage and to choose required frequency load work bent
Line can maintain the optimum operation efficiency under different input voltages, therefore, whole power supply conversion efficiency can be substantially improved.Furthermore
Power-supply controller of electric of the invention is integrated electronic controller in digital form and realizes, with the interference of stronger interference resistant
Ability can improve the stability of durability and piece electrical operation simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the system schematic of power-supply controller of electric of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary frequency loaded work piece curve of power-supply controller of electric of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the operation mode waveform diagram of power-supply controller of electric of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:
10 power-supply controller of electric
11 digital control core cells
13 input power ADC units
15 first load ADC units
17 second load ADC units
20 PFC preset apparatus
30 direct currents are to direct current electric transducer
A input power senses end
B first drives end
BCM_C boundary conduction mode (BCM) curve
The load sensing of C first end
C1 first capacitor
The second capacitor of C2
C3 third capacitor
D second drives end
D1 first rectifies diode
D2 second rectifies diode
The load sensing of E second end
F1, F2 frequency
G ground terminal
L inductance
L1 first frequency loaded work piece curve
L2 second frequency loaded work piece curve
L3 third frequency load working curve
The 4th frequency load working curve of L4
LD1, LD2 load
LP primary side coil
LS secondary side coil
The first break of P1
The second break of P2
The first switch unit of T1
The second switch unit of T2
TR transformer
VIN input power
VOUT out-put supply
Specific embodiment
Cooperate schema and appended drawing reference to do more detailed description to embodiments of the present invention below, makes to be familiar with this field
Technical staff can implement accordingly after studying this specification carefully.
Refering to fig. 1, the system schematic of power-supply controller of electric of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, power supply of the invention controls
Device 10 is mainly comprising input power sensing end A, the first driving end B, the first load sensing end C, the second driving end D and second
Load sensing end E, can connect and control PFC (Power Factor correction, PFC) preset apparatu 20
And direct current to direct current (DC_DC) electric transducer 30 at least one, wherein input power sensing end A, first driving end B
And first load sensing end C be connected to PFC preset apparatu, and the second driving end D and the second load sensing end E are connected to DC_
DC converter can be used to for the input power VIN of alternating current being converted into the out-put supply VOUT of stable DC electricity.
PFC preset apparatu 20 receives input power VIN, is pre-adjusted processing through PFC and generates PFC DC power supply, and
After being received by DC_DC converter, processing is adjusted through DC to DC and generates out-put supply VOUT.
Furthermore input power senses end A and receives input power VIN, and the first load sensing end C is turned to sensing DC _ DC
Parallel operation 30 is to the load effect of PFC preset apparatu 20, and the second load sensing end E is to 30 institute of sensing DC _ DC converter
It generates and load that the out-put supply VOUT that exports is born.
Above-mentioned PFC preset apparatu 20 and DC_DC electric transducer 30 is substantially general electric device, not this hair
Bright emphasis, but to clearly show that concrete application and effect of the invention, below will simple declaration PFC preset apparatu 20 and
The technology contents of DC_DC electric transducer 30 include relevant electrical structure and running.
In general, PFC preset apparatu 20 is comprising first capacitor C1, inductance L, the first switch unit T1, the first rectification two
Polar body D1 and the second capacitor C2, wherein first capacitor C1 receives input power VIN, and one end of inductance L is connected to the first electricity
Hold C1, the other end of inductance L is connected to the anode of the first switch unit T1, the first rectification diode D1 simultaneously, and first rectifies
The negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2, and generates the PFC DC power supply, in particular, first capacitor C1's is another
The other end of one end and the second capacitor C2 are all ground connection.
It should be noted that the first switch unit T1 of PFC preset apparatu 20 can be by bipolar junction transistor
(Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT) or metal-oxide-semifield-effect electric crystal (Metal Oxide Semiconductor
Field Effect Transistor, MOSFET) it realizes, therefore, if the first switch unit T1 is using bipolar junction electricity
Crystal, then the first switch unit T1 have collector terminal, base terminal and emitter-base bandgap grading end, and if using metal-oxide-semifield-effect electric crystal as
First switch unit T1, then the first switch unit T1 has drain end, gate terminal and source terminal.But for convenience of description for the sake of,
It below will be with metal-oxide-semifield-effect electric crystal as exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, so the drain end hereinafter mentioned, gate
End and source terminal are to be equal to collector terminal, base terminal and emitter-base bandgap grading end, and repeat no more in electrical characteristic.
In addition, the drain end of the first switch unit T1 is the anode for being connected to the first rectification diode D1, and source terminal is
Ground connection.The input power sensing end A of power-supply controller of electric is connected to input power VIN, and the first driving end B is connected to the first switching list
The gate terminal of first T1, the first load sensing end C are connected to the negative terminal of the first rectification diode D1.
Generally, DC_DC converter 30 includes transformer TR, the second switch unit T2, the second rectification diode D2 and the
Three capacitor C3, wherein transformer TR is made of primary side coil NP and secondary side coil NS.One end of primary side coil NP connects
It is connected to the negative terminal of the first rectification diode D1 in PFC preset apparatu 30, one end of secondary side coil NS is connected to the second rectification
The anode of diode D2, and the negative terminal of the second rectification diode D2 is connected to one end of third capacitor C3, and generates out-put supply
VOUT, and the other end of the other end of secondary side coil NS, third capacitor C3 is to be grounded simultaneously.
It is also noted that above-mentioned second rectification diode D2 is disposed on the high-pressure side of secondary side coil NS, but
On electric property is equivalent, the second rectification diode D2 can also be configured the low-pressure side (not shown) in secondary side coil NS,
That is, can be connected between secondary side coil NS and ground connection, so the second rectification diode D2 is substantially to be configurable on primary side
The high-pressure side of coil NS or low-pressure side.Therefore, any high-pressure side or low-pressure side configured rectifier cell in secondary side coil NS
Application mode should all be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Second switch unit T2 is analogous to the first switch unit T1 of PFC preset apparatu 20, that is, the second switch unit
T2 can be bipolar junction transistor (BJT) or metal-oxide-semifield-effect electric crystal (MOSFET), and for convenience of description for the sake of, below will
With metal-oxide-semifield-effect electric crystal as the exemplary embodiment of the second switch unit T2, so hereinafter the second switch unit T2 is drawn
Extremely, gate terminal and source terminal are equal to collector terminal, base terminal and emitter-base bandgap grading end in electrical characteristic, and repeat no more.
The drain end of second switch unit T2 is connected to the other end of primary side coil NP, and gate terminal is connected to power supply control
Second driving end D of device 10, and source terminal is ground connection.Furthermore the second load sensing end E of power-supply controller of electric 10 is connected to second
Rectify the negative terminal of diode D2.
In addition, power-supply controller of electric 10 of the invention further has ground terminal G, to be connected to PFC preset apparatu 20
Ground connection and DC_DC converter 30 in the second switch unit T2 ground connection, in particular so that power-supply controller of electric 10, first switch
Unit T1 and the second switch unit T2 has common ground connection, so power-supply controller of electric 10 can correctly control the first switch unit T1 and
The conducting of second switch unit T2 operates.For example, the ground terminal G of power-supply controller of electric 10 be with the source electrode of the first switch unit T1 and
The source electrode of second switch unit T2 is same ground connection level.
Furthermore, power-supply controller of electric 10 of the invention is realized with integrated electronic controller, i.e. integrated circuit
(Integrated Circuit, IC) stores multiple preset frequency load working curves, can be used to provide progress power supply conversion
Operation, wherein power supply conversion operation be mainly include according to from input power sensing end A input power status signal and
The load status signal of first load sensing end C, the second load sensing end E, choose respectively in the frequency load working curve
Frequency load working curve appropriate, and corresponding operation mode is executed, including handle mode (holdup mode), burst
Mode (burst mode), discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), continuous conduction mode (CCM), to generate first, second
(Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) driving signal, and respectively via the first driving end B and the second driving end D with individual
The electric operation of PFC preset apparatu 20 and/or direct current to direct current (DC_DC) electric transducer 30 is controlled, and then will input electricity
Source VIN is converted into out-put supply VOUT.Especially, each frequency load working curve is to the difference in input power VIN
Variation relationship of the frequency to different loads that first and second PWM drive signal is defined in voltage range, more weighs, then wherein loading
The frequency of first, second PWM drive signal can remain unchanged or become higher.
For convenience of description the characteristics of frequency load working curve, referring to FIG. 2, the frequency of four exemplary embodiments of display is negative
Carry working curve, be defined in the longitudinal axis be frequency and horizontal axis be load two-dimensional frequency load plane on, comprising be respectively correspond to
First frequency loaded work piece curve L1, second frequency loaded work piece to the first, second, third, fourth input voltage range is bent
Line L2, third frequency load working curve L3, the 4th frequency load working curve L4, wherein first, second, third, fourth is defeated
95V or less, 95~170V, 170~250V, 250V or more can be respectively defined as by entering voltage range.Certainly it should be noted that it is above-mentioned
The first, second, third, fourth input voltage range mentioned is can to set according to actual needs, so Fig. 2 is demonstration
Example, the range being not intended to limit the invention.
More specifically, each frequency load working curve is in two-dimensional frequency load plane comprising sequentially connecting
First curve, the second curve and third curve, wherein the first curve, third curve are respectively the horizontal linear for having different height,
And the second curve is accelerated curve, and the first curve, the second curve are connected in the first break, the second curve, third curve are
The connection of second break, and the first break and the second break define the numerical value of opposite frequency and load respectively.It is negative with first frequency
For carrying working curve L1, the first curve, the second curve are in the first break P1 connection, and the second curve, third curve are the
Two break P2 connections, wherein the first break P1 is to be defined by the numerical value of frequency F1 and load LD1, and the second break P2 is by frequency
Rate F2 and the numerical value for loading LD2 are defined.Furthermore the first curve, third curve can be the horizontal linear of different height, and second
Curve can be the ascending curve in accelerated curve, such as Fig. 2, thus the frequency F2 of the second break P2 and load LD2 are respectively greater than
The frequency F1 and load LD1 of first break P1.
It is preferred that the first break P1 of different frequency loaded work piece curve can be identical or different, but each
Second break P2 of frequency load working curve can be different, and the frequency F2 of the second break P2 and load LD2 are with defeated
The voltage for entering power supply VIN rises and reduces.
In addition, more further defining boundary conduction mode (Boundary in two-dimensional frequency load plane
Conduction Mode, BCM) curve BCM_C, to define discontinuous conduction mode (Discontinuous Conduction
Mode, DCM), the opereating specification of continuous conduction mode (Continuous Conduction Mode, CCM), and BCM curve
Frequency defined in BCM_C be with load increase and decline, and can with decline/rising of the voltage range of input power and
Decline/rising, while BCM curve BCM_C can hand over more the second curve or third curve, but not with the first curve intersection.Especially
It is that the first curve is the load condition for corresponding to idling load, and the first break P1 is between BCM curve BCM_C in the second curve
Region be to correspond to low-load, and region in the second curve more than BCM curve BCM_C and third curve are all corresponding
To heavy duty.Therefore, it is bent can to choose frequency load work appropriate according to input power VIN for power-supply controller of electric 10 of the invention
Line uses the frequency of the first PWM drive signal of adjustment and the second PWM drive signal, while negative according to BCM curve BCM_C judgement
Load degree, and then choose operation mode appropriate.
Further to promote transfer efficiency, the power supply conversion operation of power-supply controller of electric 10 of the present invention can foundation as shown in Figure 3
Different loads degree and choose operation mode appropriate, mainly include: in PFC preset apparatu 20 and/or DC_DC converter
30 load condition is idling when to carry (the first curve) and corresponding load current be zero, also known as zero load when, power supply control
Device 10 processed is chosen and executes the mode of handling；If load condition is in idling load (the first curve) and corresponding load current is not
When being zero, then chooses and execute burst mode；If it is in low-load, then chooses and execute discontinuous conduction mode；And such as
Fruit is then to choose in heavy duty and execute continuous conduction mode.
Specifically, the above-mentioned mode that handles is to utilize with the frequency F1 of the first break P1 in Fig. 1 and produced with intermittent mode
Raw first, second PWM drive signal, and the first switch unit T1, the second switch unit T2 are respectively driven, it can be by out-put supply
VOUT is handled.Burst mode is usually to be generated with the frequency F1 of the first break P1 with the intermittent mode also closeer than handling mode
And the first, second PWM drive signal is driven, output power can be improved by a small margin for needed for corresponding load.
Furthermore load LD1 is matched with the frequency F1 of minimum switching frequency, can be configured to be avoided that audio noise, and
Load LD2 is matched with the frequency F2 of maximum switching frequency, can be configured to that switch cost can be reduced.In particular, load LD1, frequency
F1 is unrelated with the voltage range of input power, and load LD2, frequency F2 can with the voltage range of input power decline/on
It rises and opposite rise/fall.
When load is lower than load LD1, above-mentioned switching frequency can by strangulation, be fixed on frequency F1 and (handle mode and prominent
Hair mode).
When load is when loading between LD1 and LD2, switching frequency can be done linearly or nonlinearly between frequency F1, F2
Modulation.
When load be higher than load LD2 when, switching frequency can by strangulation, be fixed on frequency F2.
In short, handling mode and burst mode all can be configured in a certain fixed frequency region, to reduce without negative
Power consumption when load, and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) is to be configured in variation frequency region, to reduce switching damage when load
It loses, and continuous conduction mode (CCM) is to be configured in fixed and variation frequency region, to reduce conduction losses when overloaded.
Therefore, the present invention is using specific effect that above-mentioned different frequency loaded work piece curve is reached, identical defeated
Enter under supply voltage, if load is heavier, the electric current loaded is bigger, can be by the frequency for increasing by the first, second PWM drive signal
So that conduction losses reduce, and for low-load, because the electric current of load is smaller, so influence of the lower frequency to conduction losses
Very little, in addition it is negligible, it but can reach the purpose for reducing switch cost.
Fig. 1 is returned, to reach above-mentioned electric function, power-supply controller of electric 10 may include digital control core cell 11, defeated
Enter power supply analogy to digital quantizer (Analog-to-Digital, ADC) unit 13, first and loads ADC unit 15 and second
ADC unit 17 is loaded, wherein input power ADC unit 13 receives the input power VIN from input power sensing end A, and passes through
Analogy generates and transmits input power ADC sensing signal to number conversion, and the first load ADC unit 15 receives negative from first
The first load signal of sensing end C is carried, and is converted through analogy to number and generates and transmit the first load ADC sensing signal, and
Second load ADC unit 17 receives the second load signal from the second load sensing end E, and converts and produce through analogy to number
It gives birth to and transmits the second load ADC sensing signal.In addition, digital control core cell 11 receives input power ADC sensing signal, the
One load ADC sensing signal, the second load ADC sensing signal, judge the voltage and first, second of input power VIN respectively
The load condition of load to execute the power supply conversion operation of aforementioned present invention, and then generates the first, second required PWM and drives
Dynamic signal.
In particular, digital control core cell 11 is to operate in a digital manner, i.e., by executing firmware formula or software formula and
It realizes power supply conversion operation, thus the ability with the interference of stronger interference resistant, durability and piece electrical behaviour can be improved simultaneously
The stability of work, and more have elasticity to deal with complicated actual application environment.
Noting however that in Fig. 1 power-supply controller of electric 10 electrical construction be to illustrate feature of the present invention its
In a specific example, be not intended to limit the invention range, that is, the electricity of all electric characteristics with power-supply controller of electric 10
Gas unit should all be covered by it is of the invention interior, for example, in the way of analogous circuit or analogy/number hybrid mode construction electricity
Source controller 10.
In addition, the present invention elastic can still increase frequency after entering CCM, and can be after entering DCM, it can be in certain paddy
It is switched over when bottom, and the lowest point number of elasticity setting switching, moreover it is possible to which elasticity setting burst mode enters the state switching points of DCM, i.e.,
First break, and frequency, the duty ratio (duty), pulse number (pulse count) of elasticity setting burst mode.
In conclusion the main characteristic of the invention lies in that provide multiple frequency load working curves, and visual input voltage
Difference and choose optimal frequency load working curve, especially can be in low-load to meet the optimization of different input voltages
When operation, the operation mode of DCM is executed to reduce switch cost, and in heavy duty, switch to the operation mode of CCM to reduce
Conduction losses, and also sufficiently high operating frequency can be provided in low input, it uses and avoids transformer that the full danger closed occurs
Danger, thus not only improve overall conversion efficiency and the safety of application can be improved.
In addition, may be designed as variation frequency in CCM operation, reach the demand of safe design and miniaturization, and in order to reach
To the requirement for reducing the requirement of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and improving efficiency, rising of the present invention for CCM frequency provides limitation
The mechanism of maximum CCM frequency.
Another feature of the present invention is using burst mode and handles mode, may achieve the optimization of unloaded behavior, because
And extremely low no-load loss is completed, so efficiency shows as the best of market similar product.Furthermore because being without the use of existing skill
The bias resistance of art or mute resistance further improve transfer efficiency so can avoid extra power consumption.
Due to the present invention be designed to can with load condition and dynamic change operation mode, so can reduce conduction losses and
Switch cost, at the same can according to input power voltage and choose required frequency load working curve, different inputs can be maintained
Therefore whole power supply conversion efficiency can be substantially improved in optimum operation efficiency under voltage.Furthermore power supply control of the invention
Device is integrated electronic controller in digital form and realizes that the ability with the interference of stronger interference resistant can improve simultaneously
Durability and the stability of piece electrical operation.
The foregoing is merely to explain presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not intended to do any form to the present invention accordingly
On limitation, therefore, it is all have make any modification or change for the present invention under identical spirit, all should include
The invention is intended to the scopes of protection.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of power-supply controller of electric, to connect and control a PFC (Power Factor correction,
PFC) to direct current (DC_DC) converter, which is to receive alternating current for preset apparatu and a direct current
One input power, is pre-adjusted processing through a PFC and generates a PFC DC power supply, which receives the PFC direct current
Power supply is flowed to always the out-put supply that DC adjustment handles and generates direct current, and the power-supply controller of electric has an input
Power supply senses end, one first driving end, one first load sensing end, one second driving end and one second load sensing end, should
Input power sensing end, this first driving end and this first load sensing end be connected to the PFC preset apparatu, and this second
Driving end and the second load sensing end is to be connected to the DC_DC converter, and input power sensing end receives the input power,
The first load sensing end is to sense the DC_DC converter to the load effect of the PFC preset apparatu, the second load sense
Survey the load that end is born to sense the out-put supply produced by the DC_DC converter and exported, which is characterized in that the electricity
Source controller stores multiple preset frequency load working curves, and different frequency loaded work piece curve is to correspond to input electricity
The different voltages range in source carries out a power supply conversion operation with for the power-supply controller of electric, and then generates one the oneth PWM driving letter
Number and one second PWM drive signal, and respectively through this first driving end and this second driving end be sent to the PFC preset apparatu
And the DC_DC converter, it uses and the input power is converted into the out-put supply,
Wherein the frequency load working curve be defined in a longitudinal axis be frequency and a horizontal axis be load a two-dimensional frequency load
In plane, to define first PWM drive signal and the 2nd PWM driving letter within the scope of the different voltages of the input power
Number frequency change relationship to the one of different loads, and when the load is heavier, first PWM drive signal and the 2nd PWM are driven
The frequency of dynamic signal can remain unchanged or become higher, and the frequency load working curve includes one first song sequentially connected
Line, one second curve and a third curve, first curve, second curve are to connect in one first break, and this is second bent
Line, the third curve are the connections of one second break, and define a boundary conduction mode in the two-dimensional frequency load plane
(Boundary Conduction Mode, BCM) curve, to define a discontinuous conduction mode (Discontinuous
Conduction Mode, DCM) and a continuous conduction mode (Continuous Conduction Mode, CCM) operation model
It encloses, the frequency as defined in the boundary conduction mode curve is the increase with load and declines, and can be with input power
The decline of voltage range and decline, rise with the rising of the voltage range of input power, while the boundary conduction mode curve
Can hand over more second curve or the third curve, but not with first curve intersection, which is to correspond to an idling
It carries, by first break to the region between the BCM curve is to correspond to a low-load in second curve, second curve
In a region more than the BCM curve and the third curve be to correspond to a heavy duty, first break and second folding
Point defines the numerical value of opposite frequency and load respectively, and the frequency of second break and load are respectively greater than first breaks
Frequency and load, and the frequency of second break and load are to rise with the voltage of the input power and reduce, power supply conversion
Operation includes:
It is idling load and corresponding load current in the load condition of the PFC preset apparatu and/or the DC_DC converter
When being zero, as a zero load, then the power-supply controller of electric, which is chosen and executes one, handles mode (Hold Up Mode)；
It has a rest mode if it is when the idling carries and the corresponding load current is not zero, then choosing and executing the spare time；
If it is in the low-load, then choosing and execute a discontinuous conduction mode；And
If it is in the heavy duty, then choosing and execute a continuous conduction mode.
2. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first curve, the third curve are respectively to have
The horizontal linear of different height, and second curve is an accelerated curve.
3. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first of the different frequency loaded work piece curve
Break is identical or different, and the second break of the different frequency load working curves is different.
4. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PFC preset apparatu be comprising first capacitor,
One inductance, one first switch unit, one first rectification diode and one second capacitor, the first capacitor receive input electricity
Source, and one end of the inductance is connected to the first capacitor, an other end of the inductance is connected to first switch unit simultaneously, is somebody's turn to do
One anode of the first rectification diode, and negative terminal for the first rectification diode is connected to one end of second capacitor, this
One other end of one capacitor and an other end of second capacitor are all ground connection, which is OH electricity
Crystal (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Filed Effect Transistor) and have a drain end, a gate
End and source-side, which is the anode for being connected to the first rectification diode, and the source terminal is ground connection, first drive
Moved end is connected to the gate terminal, which is connected to the negative terminal of the first rectification diode.
5. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PFC preset apparatu be comprising first capacitor,
One inductance, one first switch unit, one first rectification diode and one second capacitor, the first capacitor receive input electricity
Source, and one end of the inductance is connected to the first capacitor, an other end of the inductance is connected to first switch unit simultaneously, is somebody's turn to do
One anode of the first rectification diode, and negative terminal for the first rectification diode is connected to one end of second capacitor, this
One other end of one capacitor and an other end of second capacitor are all ground connection, which is bipolar junction electricity
Crystal (Bipolar Junction Transistor) and there is a collector terminal, a base terminal and an emitter-base bandgap grading end, which is
It is connected to the anode of the first rectification diode, and the emitter-base bandgap grading end is ground connection,
The first driving end is connected to the base terminal, which is connected to the negative terminal of the first rectification diode.
6. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the DC_DC converter includes a transformer, one the
Two switch units, one second rectification diode and a third capacitor, the transformer are by a primary side coil and a primary side
Coil is constituted, and one end of the primary side coil is connected to the PFC preset apparatu, one end of the secondary side coil be connected to this
One negative terminal of one anode of two rectification diodes, the second rectification diode is connected to one end of the third capacitor, and generating should
Out-put supply, and an other end of an other end of the secondary side coil, the third capacitor is ground connection, which is
One metal-oxide-semifield-effect electric crystal and have a drain end, a gate terminal and source-side, which is connected to the primary side line
One other end of circle, which is connected to the second driving end of the power-supply controller of electric, and the source terminal is ground connection, the power supply control
Second load sensing end of device processed is connected to the negative terminal of the second rectification diode.
7. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the DC_DC converter includes a transformer, one the
Two switch units, one second rectification diode and a third capacitor, the transformer are by a primary side coil and a primary side
Coil is constituted, and one end of the primary side coil is connected to the PFC preset apparatu, one end of the secondary side coil be connected to this
One negative terminal of one anode of two rectification diodes, the second rectification diode is connected to one end of the third capacitor, and generating should
Out-put supply, and an other end of an other end of the secondary side coil, the third capacitor is ground connection, which is
One two-carrier junction transistors and there is a collector terminal, a base terminal and an emitter-base bandgap grading end, which is connected to the primary side line
One other end of circle, which is connected to the second driving end of the power-supply controller of electric, and the emitter-base bandgap grading end is ground connection, the power supply control
Second load sensing end of device processed is connected to the negative terminal of the second rectification diode.
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| TWI726295B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-05-01 | 捷拓科技股份有限公司 | Load status detection device |
| CN116545248B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-12-29 | 深圳市力生美半导体股份有限公司 | Low-temperature starting method of switching power supply, charging pile and power supply equipment |
| CN116799803B (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-01-12 | 广东省洛仑兹技术股份有限公司 | AC power distribution method compatible with multiple power grid system inputs |
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