CN107276260A - A kind of arrangement mode without reversing arrangement direct current generator and winding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a DC motor without a commutation device and an arrangement mode of windings. The inner side of the stator core is evenly opened with inner slots, and the outer side of the stator core is evenly opened with outer slots. The number of outer slots is the number of inner slots minus 1. The outer slots are magnetic shielding slots, and the inner surface of the outer slots and slot wedges are protected by magnetic shielding. After the winding guide bar passes through the outer slot, the inner surface of the outer slot and the magnetic shield of the slot wedge are welded together. The guide bar in the outer slot of the stator core is not affected by the magnetic field and only serves as a connecting conductor. The invention improves the armature voltage of the non-commutating device DC motor and the high-temperature superconducting DC motor through the arrangement and combination of the windings, and obtains the rated voltage and current of the required motor through different arrangement and combination of the windings. The present invention well solves the problem of excessive current and low voltage of such structural DC motors and high-temperature superconducting DC motors, realizes parameter matching in a wider range, and expands the application range of such DC motors and high-temperature superconducting DC motors .

Description

A DC motor without commutation device and its winding arrangement

technical field

The invention relates to a DC motor without a commutation device. The invention also relates to an arrangement mode of windings of a DC motor without a commutation device.

Background technique

At present, regardless of the AC generator or DC generator, the current generated by the armature part through electromagnetic induction is almost always AC. The existing DC generators use commutators (and brushes) because of the alternating induced currents generated inside the motor. ) device design to ensure that the output current is direct current. When the motor rotates, it is easy to generate heat due to the friction of the brushes. The commutator of the DC generator will also generate electric sparks as the motor speed increases and the current increases. These unfavorable factors limit the design and manufacture of large-capacity DC generators. In addition, although with the development of power electronics technology in recent years, new brushless DC motors replace traditional commutator equipment by introducing power electronics equipment, but there are still defects such as high failure rate and high price. Commutator equipment greatly reduces the reliability of DC motors. In actual production and life, DC motor failures mostly occur in commutator and brush failures. This is one of the reasons why DC motors have been gradually replaced by AC motors in recent years.

Since the armature part of the superconducting motor is AC, there is the problem of AC loss. At present, related researches in the world can only reduce the AC loss to a certain extent, and there is no way to completely solve the AC loss. This makes the stator superconducting and the whole The research of superconducting motor and the feasibility of putting it into actual production are greatly reduced, which greatly limits its application.

Public reports on this kind of DC motor that can output and input DC without passing through brushes and commutators mainly include:

1. The publication number is CN201563044U, and the name is "Squirrel Cage Brushless DC Generator"; the application number is 201310279315.X, and the name is "A DC Motor without Commutation Device"; the application number is 201410293358.8, and the name is "One A high-temperature superconducting DC motor structure without a commutator" and other patent documents disclose that the armature part of the disclosed motor is a squirrel-cage structure, and each squirrel-cage bar is connected in parallel to generate a large current and a small voltage, making the motor Commutatorless DC motors and high-temperature superconducting DC motors with similar structures cannot get rid of the characteristics of low voltage and high current.

2. The patent document with the publication number CN2699574Y discloses a technical solution named "single-phase poleless commutation direct-drive DC motor". The motor consists of a casing, armature coil, coil frame, shaft core and ring Composed of an iron core, there is a radially magnetized full-angle cylindrical excitation magnetic field in the casing. The casing and the shaft core for power output are the two poles of the excitation field. The two poles of the excitation field are relatively movable. On the annular iron core, the armature coil is at least equally divided into two groups and wound on the coil frame. There is a gap between the coil frame and the iron core. The annular iron core wound with the armature coil is placed between the two poles of the cylindrical excitation magnetic field. , the coil frame and one pole of the excitation magnetic field remain relatively stationary, and the inner side of the annular iron core is provided with a tooth groove, and the annular iron core cooperates with the transmission wheel through the tooth groove and the other pole of the excitation magnetic field is kept relatively stationary. The biggest defect of this motor is: it cannot be used as a generator, because the DC current induced in the armature coil cancels each other up and down; when used as a DC motor, when the fixed coil carries current, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the coil on the upper part of the iron core The direction of the magnetic field generated by the coil below the iron core is opposite, so they cancel each other out and cannot interact with the excitation field; The Ampere's force is opposite, and the torques they bear cancel each other out. Therefore, the motor cannot spin.

Therefore, in order to achieve a wider range of parameter matching for the commutatorless DC motor with this type of structure, and to solve various disadvantages caused by high current, it is necessary to study the method of increasing the armature voltage.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a direct current motor without commutation device which can increase the armature voltage of the direct current motor without commutation device and the high temperature superconducting direct current motor. The purpose of the present invention is also to provide an arrangement of windings of a DC motor without a commutation device that can obtain the required rated voltage and current.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

The inner side of the stator core of the DC motor without reversing device of the present invention is evenly provided with inner slots, and the outer side of the stator core is evenly provided with outer slots, the number of outer slots is the number of inner slots minus 1, and the outer slots are magnetic shielding slots. The inner surface of the outer slot and the slot wedge are made of magnetic shielding material. After the winding guide bar passes through the outer slot, the inner surface of the outer slot and the magnetic shield of the slot wedge are welded together. The guide bar in the outer slot of the stator core is not affected by the magnetic field. The role of the only play the role of connecting conductors.

The winding arrangement mode of the DC motor without commutation device of the present invention is one of the following modes:

1. All winding bars in the inner slot are connected in series.

2. The winding guide bars in every two inner slots form a group, and one winding guide bar in the outer slot is connected in series between the winding guide bars in the two inner slots in the same group, and each group is connected in parallel.

3. The winding guide bars in every 4 inner slots form a group, and one winding guide bar in the outer slot is connected in series between the winding guide bars in the two inner slots in the same group, and each group is connected in parallel.

4. The winding guide bars in every 5 inner slots form a group, and one winding guide bar in the outer slot is connected in series between the winding guide bars in the two inner slots in the same group, and each group is connected in parallel.

5. The winding guide bars in every 10 inner slots form a group, and one winding guide bar in the outer slot is connected in series between the winding guide bars in the two inner slots in the same group, and each group is connected in parallel.

The invention improves the armature voltage of the non-commutating device DC motor and the high-temperature superconducting DC motor through the arrangement and combination of the windings, and obtains the rated voltage and current of the required motor through different arrangement and combination of the windings.

Since this type of DC motor is composed of multiple wires (or squirrel cage conductors) connected in parallel, the current of the collector end rings on both sides is the sum of the currents of all conductors, and the voltage is the voltage of one conductor, forming a low-voltage and high-current motor. features. Combined with Figure 1, the structure of this type of DC motor without commutation device mainly includes a motor casing 1, a squirrel cage conductor (winding bar) 2, a collector end ring 3, an excitation part 4, a rotor core 5, a rotating shaft 6, and magnetic force lines path 7 etc.

If a part of the squirrel-cage conductors of this type of DC motor without commutation is connected in series, and then the series branches are connected in parallel to form a winding circuit, or all windings are connected in series, the output voltage will theoretically increase. In combination with Fig. 2, it is assumed that the DC motor winding without commutation device is only composed of five squirrel-cage conductors 8, and the five squirrel-cage conductors 8 are connected in series to form a closed loop through external connections. When the magnetic field B moves to the right, the direction of the induced current generated by each squirrel-cage conductor 8 is downward, but after being connected in series, the currents generated by every two squirrel-cage conductors 8 cancel each other out, and the whole circuit is equivalent to only one squirrel-cage bar Induced current and induced electromotive force are generated, which have no effect on increasing the output voltage. Assuming that the cd and gh conductors in the squirrel cage conductor 8 do not cut the magnetic field and generate no induced current, the current in the whole loop will not cancel out, and at the same time, the three conductors will generate induced electromotive force, and the output voltage will increase. Therefore, the cd among them can be Shield the magnetic field with the gh conductor so that it will not cut the magnetic field lines, but only play the role of connecting the conductors.

According to the principle described in Fig. 2, carry out motor design and electromagnetic parameter calculation for known power motors, the DC motor structure without commutation device of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3, the inner side of stator core 10 is evenly opened with 20 inner grooves 13, It is an ordinary slot; 19 outer slots 12 are evenly opened on the outer side of the stator core 10, which are magnetic shielding slots. The inner surface of the outer slot 12 and the slot wedge are made of magnetic shielding material, and after the winding guide bar 9 passes through the outer slot 12, the inner surface of the outer slot 12 and the magnetic shield of the slot wedge are welded together to ensure that the outer sides of all stator cores 10 The guide bars in the middle and outer grooves 12 are not affected by the magnetic field, and only serve as connecting conductors.

In conjunction with Fig. 3, the working principle of the present invention is: taking a generator as an example, when the motor starts, the radially magnetized permanent magnet 11 on the rotor core 14 rotates with the rotor, and the winding guide bar in the inner inner groove 13 of the stator core 10 9 induces direct current, and the winding guide bar 9 in the outer slot 12 on the outside of the stator core 10 cannot cut the magnetic force lines, so the motor voltage is theoretically the voltage sum of the conductors in 20 inner slots 13 . Compared with the motor with squirrel cage bar and collector end ring structure in Figure 1, the voltage is increased by 20 times, and the current is 1/20 of the original.

The present invention well solves the problem of excessive current and low voltage of such structural DC motors and high-temperature superconducting DC motors, realizes parameter matching in a wider range, and expands the application range of such DC motors and high-temperature superconducting DC motors .

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the structure and magnetic circuit planning diagram of the DC motor without commutation device.

Figure 2 is a hypothetical theoretical model of a series connection of squirrel cage bars for a DC motor without a commutation device.

Figure 3 shows the structure of the stator core and the way the windings are wound to increase the voltage of a DC motor without a commutation device.

Figure 4 shows the first series-parallel connection of stator windings. The dotted line in the figure is the magnetic field shielding winding, the solid line is the normal winding, and the direction of the induced current is downward.

Figure 5 shows the second series-parallel connection of stator windings.

Figure 6 shows the third series-parallel connection of stator windings.

Figure 7 shows the fourth series-parallel connection of stator windings.

detailed description

The following examples describe the present invention in more detail.

According to the principle described in Figure 2, after designing and calculating the electromagnetic parameters of a DC motor without commutation device at a certain power level, the structure of the DC motor without commutation device is shown in Figure 3. The inner side of the stator core 10 is evenly opened with 20 inner slots 13, which are common slots; the outer side of the stator core 10 is evenly opened with 19 outer slots 12, which are magnetic shielding slots. The inner surface of the outer slot 12 and the slot wedge are made of magnetic shielding material, and after the winding guide bar 9 passes through the outer slot 12, the inner surface of the outer slot 12 and the magnetic shield of the slot wedge are welded together to ensure that the outer sides of all stator cores 10 The guide bars in the middle and outer grooves 12 are not affected by the magnetic field, and only serve as connecting conductors. Compared with the motor with squirrel cage bars and collector end ring structure in Figure 1, all 20 squirrel cage bars are connected in series, and 19 magnetic field shielding windings are added to form 1 branch circuit. The voltage is increased by 20 times, and the current is 1/20 of the original.

According to the needs of different rated voltages and currents, there are four series and parallel ways of winding arrangement of DC motors with no commutation device for this power level:

The first winding connection method is shown in Figure 4. A magnetic field shielding winding (dotted line) is added between every two effective conductor windings (solid line), so that they are connected in series to form ten parallel branches. Theoretically, the output voltage is twice the original, and the current is 1/2 of the original. Therefore, 20 slots are evenly opened on the inner side of the stator core 10, which are common slots; 10 slots are evenly opened on the outer side of the stator core 10, which are magnetic shielding slots.

The second winding connection method is shown in Figure 5. Three magnetic field shielding windings (dotted lines) are added between every four effective conductor windings (solid lines), so that they are connected in series to form five parallel branches. Theoretically, the output voltage is 4 times of the original, and the current is 1/4 of the original. Therefore, 20 slots are evenly opened on the inner side of the stator core 10, which are common slots; 15 slots are evenly opened on the outer side of the stator core 10, which are magnetic shielding slots.

The third winding connection method is shown in Figure 6, adding 4 magnetic field shielding windings (dotted lines) between every 5 effective conductor windings (solid lines), so that they are connected in series to form four parallel branches. Theoretically, the output voltage is 5 times of the original, and the current is 1/5 of the original. Therefore, 20 slots are evenly opened on the inner side of the stator core 10, which are common slots; 16 slots are evenly opened on the outer side of the stator core 10, which are magnetic shielding slots.

The fourth winding connection method is shown in Figure 7. Nine magnetic field shielding windings (dotted lines) are added between every 10 effective conductor windings (solid lines), so that they are connected in series to form two parallel branches. Theoretically, the output voltage is 10 times of the original, and the current is 1/10 of the original. Therefore, 20 slots are evenly opened on the inner side of the stator core 10, which are common slots; 18 slots are evenly opened on the outer side of the stator core 10, which are magnetic shielding slots.

According to this method, the design and parameter calculation of DC motor without commutation device of any power level can be carried out, and the winding design and arrangement can be carried out according to the required rated voltage and current.

Claims (7)

1. one kind is without reversing arrangement direct current generator, the inner side of stator core is uniformly provided with inside groove, and the outside of stator core is uniformly opened There is water jacket, the quantity of water jacket subtracts 1 for inside groove quantity, it is characterized in that：The water jacket is magnetic screen groove, water jacket inner surface and slot wedge by Magnetic shielding material is made, winding sliver pass through water jacket after by the magnetic screen of water jacket inner surface and slot wedge integrally welded, stator Sliver in water jacket unshakable in one's determination is not acted on by magnetic field only to be played a part of connecting conductor.

2. it is according to claim 1 without reversing arrangement direct current generator, it is characterized in that：The quantity of inside groove is 20, water jacket Quantity is 19.

3. the coils arrangement mode without reversing arrangement direct current generator described in a kind of claim 1 is：All windings in inside groove Sliver is connected in series.

4. the coils arrangement mode without reversing arrangement direct current generator described in a kind of claim 1 is：Winding in every 2 inside grooves Sliver is one group, and with the winding sliver in 1 water jacket of being connected between the winding sliver in two inside grooves in group, each group is in parallel again Connection.

5. the coils arrangement mode without reversing arrangement direct current generator described in a kind of claim 1 is：Winding in every 4 inside grooves Sliver is one group, and with the winding sliver in 1 water jacket of being connected between the winding sliver in two inside grooves in group, each group is in parallel again Connection.

6. the coils arrangement mode without reversing arrangement direct current generator described in a kind of claim 1 is：Winding in every 5 inside grooves Sliver is one group, and with the winding sliver in 1 water jacket of being connected between the winding sliver in two inside grooves in group, each group is in parallel again Connection.

7. the coils arrangement mode without reversing arrangement direct current generator described in a kind of claim 1 is：In every 10 inside grooves around Group sliver is one group, and with the winding sliver in 1 water jacket of being connected between the winding sliver in two inside grooves in group, each group is again simultaneously Connection connection.