CN107271166B - It is threadedly coupled interface anti-loosening property experimental rig and its detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for anti-loosening performance of a threaded connection interface, which includes a base, an interface assembly installed on the base, a tightening system, a sensing system, a vibration system and a fastening system, wherein the interface assembly includes bolts and The first connected part, the second connected part and the nut are set on the bolt; the tightening system is connected to the head of the bolt through the sleeve and its output shaft is provided with a total torque speed sensor; the fastening system is used to tighten the second connected part The connecting piece is fixed on the abutment; the output shaft of the vibration system is connected to the force transmission arm of the first connected piece through a tension and pressure sensor; the sensing system includes a fixing device clamped on the nut and a thread connected to the fixing device in turn A torque sensor and an axial force sensor, the axial force sensor is fixed on the abutment. The anti-loosening performance test device of the threaded connection interface proposed by the invention realizes the measurement of the axial force loss of the actual interface, the friction coefficient of the supporting surface of the fastener and the friction coefficient of the screw thread.

Description

Anti-loosening performance test device and detection method of threaded connection interface

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fastener testing tools, in particular to a screw connection interface anti-loosening performance testing device and a testing method thereof.

Background technique

The threaded connection interface is a widely used connection structure in mechanical mechanisms. It is mainly composed of connected parts, fasteners and related components. Due to the action of alternating loads, the interface will loosen, thus losing the connection function, resulting in equipment or Component failure or damage, and even safety accidents. The loosening process of the interface can be divided into material loosening and structural loosening according to the loosening mechanism. Material looseness is caused by the loss of axial force caused by the embedded and local plastic deformation of the contact surface between the fastener and the connected part under load. After a certain period of time, the embedded and plastic deformation are in a stable state, and the material loosening will not continue to occur ; When the lateral force acting on the connected parts exceeds the frictional force generated by the axial force, relative slippage will occur. The phenomenon of self-loosening of the firmware will occur, which is called structural loosening. When the initial axial force is insufficient, material loosening and structural loosening will occur simultaneously.

With the in-depth research on the anti-loosening performance of threaded connection interfaces, we have a clearer understanding of the factors that affect the anti-loosening performance, such as the axial force in the working load, the amplitude and frequency of lateral alternating loads, , gaskets, spring washers, stop components, etc.) quantity, specification, strength grade, surface treatment, friction coefficient, material, size, hole size and position of the connected parts, related parameters of the joint surface (size, processing method, surface treatment , friction coefficient, roughness and flatness) are all important factors affecting the axial force loss and anti-loosening performance of the interface.

Due to the complexity of the loosening mechanism and influencing factors of the threaded connection, there is still no general model with simple form and accurate prediction that can calculate the axial force loss and anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection. The more effective method is through the transverse vibration test Machine research on the influence law of anti-loosening performance. The current lateral vibration testing machine can only simulate some parameters of the working load and fasteners, and lacks the friction coefficient of the bearing surface of the fastener in the actual interface, the friction coefficient of the thread and the material, size, aperture size and position of the connected part, and the joint surface. The effective testing and simulation of relevant parameters makes it impossible to accurately detect the axial force loss and anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection interface, let alone guide and standardize the manufacturing, design and assembly of fasteners and connected parts in engineering practice.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a threaded joint anti-loosening performance test device and its detection method, aiming to realize the measurement of the actual axial force loss of the joint, the friction coefficient of the bearing surface of the fastener and the friction coefficient of the thread.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a threaded joint anti-loosening performance test device, including a base, an interface assembly installed on the base, a tightening system, a sensing system, a vibration system and a fastening system, wherein,

The interface assembly includes a bolt and a first connected piece, a second connected piece and a nut sleeved on the bolt, the parameters of the first connected piece and the second connected piece and their joint surface parameters and the actual interface parameters and assembly method consistent;

The tightening system is connected to the head of the bolt through a sleeve and its output shaft is provided with a total torque speed sensor;

The fastening system is used to fix the second connected part on the abutment;

The output shaft of the vibration system is connected to the force transmission arm of the first connected part through a tension pressure sensor to drive the lateral displacement of the first connected part;

The sensing system includes a fixing device clamped on the nut, a threaded torque sensor and an axial force sensor sequentially connected to the fixing device, and the axial force sensor is fixed on the base.

Preferably, the tightening system includes a speed-regulating motor fixed on the base and a coupling sleeved on the output shaft of the speed-regulating motor, one end of the total torque speed sensor is connected to the coupling, and the other end It is fixedly connected with the sleeve, and the sleeve is placed on the head of the bolt.

Preferably, a gap is provided between the fixing device and the second connected part.

Preferably, the gap between the fixing device and the second connected part is 3%L-12%L, where L is the nominal length of the bolt.

Preferably, the axial force sensor is fixed on the base through the first base.

Preferably, the threaded torque sensor is fixedly connected to the fixing device, and the two ends of the axial force sensor are respectively fixedly connected to the threaded torque sensor and the abutment.

Preferably, a second base is provided on the base, and the fastening system fixes the second connected part on the second base.

Preferably, the vibrating system is a vibrating machine fixed on the base.

Preferably, the fastening system is detachably connected to the second base.

The present invention further proposes a detection method based on the above-mentioned anti-loosening performance test device of threaded connection interface, comprising the following steps:

Select multiple sets of the first connected part and the second connected part, and install them on the abutment in turn to apply torque through the tightening system until the predetermined initial axial force is reached, then remove the tightening system, and record the total torque, thread torque and Axial force to calculate thread friction coefficient and bearing surface friction coefficient;

Connect the tension and pressure sensor with the force transmission arm of the first connected part, and control the output shaft of the vibration system to move with the predetermined lateral alternating load amplitude, frequency and number of cycles during the lateral displacement process. After the movement stops, analyze the axial Force change curve, judge whether the fastener is loosened due to rotation, and record the final residual axial force;

Calculate the initial axial force and residual axial force of all the first connected parts and the second connected parts, and calculate the maximum value of the axial force loss;

Calculate the anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection under the actual working load, that is, whether the first connected part and the second connected part slip under the joint action of axial force and working load.

The anti-loosening performance test device of the threaded connection interface proposed by the present invention aims at the actual interface axial force loss, the friction coefficient of the fastener bearing surface, the thread friction coefficient and the value of the existing threaded connection interface anti-loosening performance test device and detection optimization method. The material, size, aperture size and position of the connector, and the related parameters of the joint surface lack effective testing, simulation and calculation. The designed test device can conduct simulation tests on the above parameters and working loads to provide accurate and comprehensive support for the anti-loosening performance of the joint. Based on the basic data, through the establishment of scientific calculation methods, the anti-loosening performance of threaded joints can be accurately detected in engineering practice; on the other hand, through multi-factor experimental design, the value of the above parameters is changed to conduct simulation tests, and the work load is quantitatively studied The law of influence of interface parameters on anti-loosening performance, through the establishment of an optimization model to solve a comprehensive parameter optimization plan, accurately guide and standardize the manufacturing, design and assembly of fasteners and connected parts in engineering practice, improve anti-loosening performance, and effectively solve the current situation There are limitations of the anti-loosening performance test device and detection optimization method to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the threaded connection interface.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment 1 of the anti-loosening performance test device of the threaded connection interface of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view structure schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the anti-loosening performance test device for threaded connection interface of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the partial structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the threaded joint anti-loosening performance test device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the anti-loosening performance test device for threaded joints of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Speed-regulating motor; 2. Coupling; 3. Total torque speed sensor; 4. Sleeve; 5. Bolt; 6. The first connected part; 6-1-1. The first embodiment 1 The force transmission arm of the connected part; 6-1-2. The matching fixture of the first connected part in embodiment 1; 7. The second connected part; 7-1-1. The transmission arm of the second connected part in embodiment 1 Moment arm; 7-1-2. The supporting fixture of the second connected part in embodiment 1; 6-2-1. The force transmission arm of the first connected part in embodiment 2; 6-2-2. The second part of embodiment 2 A supporting fixture for the connected part; 7-2-1. The force transmission arm of the second connected part in embodiment 2; 7-2-2. The supporting fixture for the second connected part in embodiment 2; 6-3-1 .The force transmission arm of the first connected part in embodiment 3; 6-3-2. The matching fixture of the first connected part in embodiment 3; 7-3-1. The force transmission arm of the second connected part in embodiment 3 ; 7-3-2. The supporting fixture of the second connected part in embodiment 3; 8. The second base; 9. Nut; 10. Fixing device; 11. Thread torque sensor; 12. Axial force sensor; 13. The first base; 14. Vibration machine; 15. Pull pressure sensor; 16. Abutment.

The realization of the purpose of the present invention, functional characteristics and advantages will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed ways

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and It is not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, or operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The invention provides a testing device for the anti-loosening performance of a threaded connection interface.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a kind of anti-loosening performance test device of threaded connection interface includes a base 16 and an interface assembly installed on the abutment 16, a tightening system, a sensing system, a vibration system and a tightening system. solid system, where,

The interface assembly includes the bolt 5 and the first connected part, the second connected part and the nut 9 sleeved on the bolt 5, the parameters and assembly of the first connected part and the second connected part and their joint surface parameters and the actual interface in the same way;

The tightening system is connected to the head of the bolt 5 through the sleeve 4 and its output shaft is provided with a total torque speed sensor 3 (according to the test parameter measurement requirements, the bolt 5 and the nut 9 can be interchanged);

The fastening system is used to fix the second connected part on the abutment 16;

The output shaft of the vibration system is connected with the force transmission arm of the first connected part through the tension pressure sensor 15 (the tension pressure sensor 15 is connected with the force transmission arm of the first connected part through a supporting fixture) to drive the first connected part for lateral displacement ;

The sensing system includes a fixing device 10 clamped on the nut 9 , a threaded torque sensor 11 and an axial force sensor 12 sequentially connected to the fixing device 10 , and the axial force sensor 12 is fixed on a base 16 .

Specifically, in this embodiment, the vibration system is a vibration machine 14 fixed on a base 16 . The tightening system includes a speed-regulating motor 1 fixed on the base 16 and a coupling 2 set on the output shaft of the speed-regulating motor 1. One end of the total torque speed sensor 3 is connected to the coupling 2, and the other end is connected to the sleeve 4 is fixedly connected, and the sleeve 4 is set on the head of the bolt 5 . The speed-regulating motor 1 is connected and installed on the base 16 through bolts 5 .

Further, there is a gap between the fixing device 10 and the second connected part, so as to avoid the effect of force generated by contact and affect the measurement accuracy of the thread torque sensor 11 and the axial force sensor 12, and realize the friction coefficient of the thread and the friction of the bearing surface. Accurate measurement of coefficients. Specifically, the gap between the fixing device 10 and the second connected part is 3%L-12%L, where L is the nominal length of the bolt.

In this embodiment, the axial force sensor 12 is fixed on the base 16 through the first base 13 . The threaded torque sensor 11 is fixedly connected with the fixing device 10 , and the two ends of the axial force sensor 12 are respectively fixedly connected with the threaded torque sensor 11 and the base 16 . The base 16 is provided with a second base 8 , and the fastening system fixes the second connected part on the second base 8 (the force transmission arm of the second connected part is fixed by a supporting fixture).

Further, the fastening system is detachably connected to the second base 8 . There are various sizes and types of the first connected part and the second connected part, and multiple sets of fastening systems can be provided according to different second connected parts, so that it is convenient to choose a suitable fastening system according to different second connected parts .

The principle and working process of the threaded connection interface anti-loosening performance test device are as follows:

During the process of tightening the fastener under test, the speed-regulating motor 1 drives the coupling 2, the total torque speed sensor 3, and the sleeve 4 to apply torque to the bolt 5, the bolt 5 and the nut 9 generate axial force, and the nut 9 pulls the fixing device 10 , threaded torque sensor 11, axial force sensor 12, the torque produced by nut 9 (the torque produced by nut 9 driven by the thread friction torque of bolt 5) drives nut 9 fixing device 10 and threaded torque sensor 11, and the supporting surface of bolt 5 pulls the first A connected part, make the joint surface of the two connected parts generate axial force, which is equal to the measured value of the axial force sensor 12; The total torque and tightening speed, thread torque and axial force are tested respectively; the thread friction coefficient and support surface friction coefficient of the bolt 5 can be calculated through the total torque and thread torque. Because the friction coefficient of the same batch of bolts 5 (nuts 9) fluctuates, and the friction coefficient of the same bolt 5 (nuts 9) under different tightening conditions (twice or multiple tightenings, different surface parameters of the connected parts) will also occur The test device can accurately calculate the friction coefficient of the bearing surface and thread of the tested fastener by simulating the parameters of the actual connected parts without changing the tightening state, and can quantitatively study the effect of the friction coefficient on the anti-loosening performance of the joint. The law of influence can effectively solve the defect that the existing lateral vibration testing machine cannot accurately test the friction coefficient.

Before the vibration test, the force output parameter value of the vibrating machine 14 is set to reach the predetermined lateral alternating load amplitude, frequency and number of cycles; during the vibration process, the vibrating machine 14 drives the tension pressure sensor 15 and the first connected part to reciprocate Movement, tension pressure sensor 15 and axial force sensor 12 test the lateral alternating load and axial force in real time; after the vibration is over, record the final residual axial force, and the difference between the calculation and the initial test axial force is the axial force loss The amount ΔF. On the one hand, the present invention is aimed at the existing threaded joint anti-loosening performance test device and detection optimization method for the actual joint axial force loss, the friction coefficient of the bearing surface of the bolt 5, the thread friction coefficient and the material, size, aperture size and Due to the lack of effective testing, simulation and calculation of parameters related to the position and joint surface, the designed test device can conduct simulation tests on the above parameters and working loads to provide accurate and comprehensive basic data for the anti-loosening performance of the interface, so as to establish a scientific The calculation method can accurately detect the anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection interface in engineering practice; on the other hand, through the multi-factor experimental design, the values of the above parameters are changed to conduct simulation experiments, and the influence of the working load and interface parameters on the anti-loosening performance is quantitatively studied Law, through the establishment of an optimization model to solve a comprehensive parameter optimization plan, accurately guide and standardize the manufacturing, design and assembly of fasteners and connected parts in engineering practice, improve the anti-loosening performance, and effectively solve the existing anti-loosening performance test equipment and detection optimization The limitations of the method ensure the safe and reliable operation of the threaded connection interface.

When using this threaded connection interface anti-loosening performance test device, the details are as follows.

(1) Confirm and test the parameter characteristics of the actual threaded connection interface parts before installation, including the quantity, specification, strength grade, and surface treatment of fasteners (bolts 5, nuts 9, washers, spring washers, stopper parts, etc.) , friction coefficient, material, size, aperture size and position of the two connected parts, related parameters of the joint surface (size, processing method, surface treatment, friction coefficient, roughness and flatness);

(2) Determine the test load according to the actual working load of the threaded connection interface, including initial axial force, lateral alternating load amplitude, frequency and number of cycles;

Among them, the test value F _v0 of the initial axial force is the axial force after the connected part bears the axial tension W _v in the actual working load, and the calculation formula is as follows:

where: F _v0 — test value of initial axial force,

F ₀ ——the initial axial force in the actual working load,

K _B —tensile stiffness of bolt 5, calculated by elastic modulus and size of bolt 5 material,

K _C —compressive stiffness of the connected part, calculated by the elastic modulus and size of the connected part material,

W _v ——the axial tensile force in the actual working load, take the maximum value of statistical value,

(3) Install the threaded connection interface test piece to the test device. The installation process is: the force transmission arm of the second connected part is fastened on the second base 8 by selecting a matching fixture suitable for its size; The connecting piece and the second connected piece are pre-tightened through the bolt 5 and the nut 9; select the fixing device 10 matching the model and specification of the nut 9 (to ensure that the nut 9 does not rotate), and assemble with the threaded torque sensor 11 and the axial force sensor 12 become a sensing system; the sensing system is fastened on the first base 13; adjust the tightening system (speed regulating motor 1, shaft coupling 2, total torque speed sensor 3 and sleeve 4) on the base 16 Position, so that the sleeve 4 clamps the bolt 5, and then the speed-regulating motor 1 is fixed on the abutment 16 through the connection of the bolt 5, and the torque is applied;

(4) During the torque application process, the total torque and rotational speed, thread torque and axial force can be tested respectively through the total torque speed sensor 3, the thread torque sensor 11, and the axial force sensor 12. When the axial force reaches a predetermined value F _v0 Stop applying torque, remove the tightening system, calculate the thread friction coefficient u _s and bearing surface friction coefficient u _w of the bolt 5 through the final total torque T and thread torque T _s , the calculation formula is as follows:

where: u _s — thread friction coefficient,

T _s ——thread torque,

d ₂ ——thread pitch diameter,

F _{v0 ——initial} axial force,

P - pitch,

α——half angle of tooth form or flank angle,

u _w — friction coefficient of bearing surface,

T - total torque,

dw _——the equivalent friction diameter of the bearing surface;

(5) Connect the pull pressure sensor 15 with the force transmission arm of the first connected part through a matching fixture, the other end of the pull pressure sensor 15 is connected with the vibrator 14, and the vibrator 14 is installed on the base 16, according to step (2) The determined working load is tested, and the force output parameters of the vibrating machine 14 are set to reach the predetermined lateral alternating load amplitude, frequency and cycle times. During the vibration process, the tensile pressure sensor 15 and the axial force sensor 12 test the values of the lateral alternating load and the axial force in real time; after the vibration stops, by analyzing the change curve of the axial force, it is judged whether the fastener is rotationally loose, that is, Whether the axial force drops rapidly, or judge whether the axial force change curve tends to be stable, and record the final residual axial force;

(6) Disassemble the first connected part and the second connected part, test and record the friction coefficient of the joint surface of the connected parts after the test;

(7) Count the initial axial force and residual axial force of all the first connected parts and the second connected parts, and calculate the maximum value of the axial force loss ΔF;

(8) Calculate the anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection under the actual working load, that is, whether the connected part slips under the joint action of the axial force and the working load. The calculation formula is as follows, and the calculation result is greater than 0, indicating that no slip occurs:

where: F ₀ —— the initial axial force in the actual working load, take the minimum value of the statistical value,

K _B —tensile stiffness of bolt 5, calculated by elastic modulus and size of bolt 5 material,

K _C —compressive stiffness of the connected part, calculated by the elastic modulus and size of the connected part material,

W _v ——axial tensile force, the maximum value of the statistical value is taken in the actual working load,

ΔF——Axial force loss, take the maximum value of the test value,

u _{CS ——The} friction coefficient of the joint surface of the connected parts,

w _h —transverse shear force in the actual working load, take the maximum value of the statistical value;

The friction coefficient u _CS of the joint surface of the connected parts is measured by a friction coefficient tester. The friction coefficient will change due to factors such as the embeddedness of the joint surface and plastic deformation before and after the test, and the smaller value of the two is used for calculation;

(9) Through the anti-loosening performance calculated in step (8), combined with the test data and the actual interface parameter state, quantify the anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection interface under the actual working load of the detection interface parameters;

(10) Through multi-factor test design, study the influence law of working load and interface parameters on anti-loosening performance, solve the comprehensive parameter optimization scheme by establishing an optimization model, guide and standardize the manufacturing and design of fasteners and connected parts in engineering practice with assembly.

The anti-loosening performance test device of the threaded connection interface proposed by the present invention aims at the actual interface axial force loss, the friction coefficient of the bolt 5 bearing surface, the thread friction coefficient and the connected Due to the lack of effective testing, simulation and calculation of the relevant parameters of the material, size, aperture size and position of the joint surface, the designed test device can conduct simulation tests on the above parameters and working loads to provide accurate and comprehensive information on the anti-loosening performance of the interface. Based on the basic data, by establishing a scientific calculation method, the anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection interface can be accurately detected in engineering practice; The law of the influence of interface parameters on anti-loosening performance, through the establishment of an optimization model to solve a comprehensive parameter optimization plan, accurately guide and standardize the manufacturing, design and assembly of fasteners and connected parts in engineering practice, improve anti-loosening performance, and effectively solve existing problems. The limitations of the anti-loosening performance test device and detection optimization method ensure the safe and reliable operation of the threaded connection interface.

The present invention further proposes a detection method for the anti-loosening performance test device of the threaded connection interface.

In this preferred embodiment, a detection method based on the above-mentioned threaded connection interface anti-loosening performance test device includes the following steps:

Select multiple sets of the first connected part and the second connected part, and install them on the abutment in turn to apply torque through the tightening system until the predetermined initial axial force is reached, then remove the tightening system, and record the total torque, thread torque and Axial force to calculate thread friction coefficient and bearing surface friction coefficient;

Connect the tension and pressure sensor with the force transmission arm of the first connected part, and control the output shaft of the vibration system to move with the predetermined lateral alternating load amplitude, frequency and number of cycles during the lateral displacement process. After the movement stops, analyze the axial Force change curve, judge whether the fastener is loosened due to rotation, and record the final residual axial force;

Calculate the initial axial force and residual axial force of all the first connected parts and the second connected parts, and calculate the maximum value of the axial force loss;

Calculate the anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection under the actual working load, that is, whether the first connected part and the second connected part slip under the joint action of axial force and working load.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are all the same. included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A threaded connection interface anti-loosening performance test device is characterized in that it includes a base and an interface assembly installed on the base, a tightening system, a sensing system, a vibration system and a fastening system, wherein, The interface assembly includes a bolt and a first connected piece, a second connected piece and a nut sleeved on the bolt, the parameters of the first connected piece and the second connected piece and their joint surface parameters and the actual interface parameters and assembly method Consistent to simulate the parameters of the actual connected parts; The tightening system is connected to the head of the bolt through a sleeve and its output shaft is provided with a total torque speed sensor; The fastening system is used to fix the second connected part on the abutment; The output shaft of the vibration system is connected to the force transmission arm of the first connected part through a tension pressure sensor to drive the lateral displacement of the first connected part; The sensing system includes a fixing device clamped on the nut, a threaded torque sensor and an axial force sensor connected to the fixing device in turn, the axial force sensor is fixed on the base, the sensing system and the vibration system With the condition of not changing the tightening state, the friction coefficient of the bearing surface and thread of the tested fastener is calculated through the multi-factor experimental design, and the influence of the working load and interface parameters on the anti-loosening performance is quantified. 2. The anti-loosening performance test device of threaded connection interface according to claim 1, characterized in that, the tightening system includes a speed-regulating motor fixed on the base platform and a coupling set on the output shaft of the speed-regulating motor. One end of the total torque speed sensor is connected to the shaft coupling, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the sleeve is sleeved on the head of the bolt. 3. The anti-loosening test device for threaded connection interface according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a gap between the fixing device and the second connected part. 4. The anti-loosening performance test device for threaded connection interface according to claim 3, characterized in that, the gap between the fixing device and the second connected part is 3%L to 12%L, where L is the nominal length of the bolt . 5 . The anti-loosening test device of threaded connection interface according to claim 1 , wherein the axial force sensor is fixed on the base platform through the first base. 6 . 6. The threaded connection interface anti-loosening performance test device according to claim 5, wherein the threaded torque sensor is fixedly connected to the fixing device, and the two ends of the axial force sensor are respectively connected to the threaded torque sensor and the abutment Fixed connection. 7. The anti-loosening performance test device of threaded connection interface according to claim 1, wherein a second base is provided on the base, and the fastening system fixes the second connected part to the second base. seat. 8. The anti-loosening performance test device of threaded connection interface according to claim 1, characterized in that, the vibration system is a vibration machine fixed on the base. 9. The device for testing the anti-loosening performance of a threaded connection according to claim 7, wherein the fastening system is detachably connected to the second base. 10. A detection method based on the threaded connection interface anti-loosening performance test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Select multiple sets of the first connected part and the second connected part, and install them on the abutment in turn to apply torque through the tightening system until the predetermined initial axial force is reached, then remove the tightening system, and record the total torque, thread torque and Axial force to calculate thread friction coefficient and bearing surface friction coefficient; Connect the tension and pressure sensor with the force transmission arm of the first connected part, and control the output shaft of the vibration system to move with the predetermined lateral alternating load amplitude, frequency and number of cycles during the lateral displacement process. After the movement stops, analyze the axial Force change curve, judge whether the fastener is loosened due to rotation, and record the final residual axial force; Calculate the initial axial force and residual axial force of all the first connected parts and the second connected parts, and calculate the maximum value of the axial force loss; Calculate the anti-loosening performance of the threaded connection under the actual working load, that is, whether the first connected part and the second connected part slip under the joint action of axial force and working load.