CN107267864B - A kind of high-strength spring steel - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength spring steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107267864B CN107267864B CN201710458224.0A CN201710458224A CN107267864B CN 107267864 B CN107267864 B CN 107267864B CN 201710458224 A CN201710458224 A CN 201710458224A CN 107267864 B CN107267864 B CN 107267864B
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- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 47
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006701 autoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019582 Cr V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000748122 Pericome caudata Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000021760 high fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001535 kindling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/04—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/021—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant characterised by their composition, e.g. comprising materials providing for particular spring properties
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-strength spring steels, belong to thermal pressure processing purposes high-strength spring steel and preparation process field.It is characterized in that surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity according to quality very than including following component: C 0.47-0.53%, Si 0.15-0.35%, Mn 0.75-1.10%, Cr 0.90-1.20%, V 05-0.10%, Nb 0.02-0.10%, Mo 0.15-0.25%, Cu≤0.25%, Ni≤0.25%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.015%.The present invention has the good characteristic of low decarburization, high intensity, high-plasticity, low-alloy and low cost, can satisfy high stress, high fatigue property, high technology performance and high reliability request that leaf spring is lacked in lightweight.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermal pressure processing purposes high-strength spring steel and preparation process field, in particular to a kind of novel height
Chemical component, content and the preparation method of intensity spring material.
Background technique
Automotive light weight technology is the trend of development of automobile, wherein piece variable-section steel sheet spring (few leaf spring) this advanced steel plate less
Spring technology is the light-weighted the main direction of development of truck, can reduce 30% of automotive dead weight or more.Few leaf spring domestic at present
Since fatigue behaviour is low thus does not obtain widespread adoption, this is mainly that problem of materials is not solved effectively, therefore right
Spring material proposes high intensity, low-alloy, high-plasticity, low decarburization and inexpensive requirement, lacks leaf spring to meet lightweight
High stress, high fatigue property, high technology performance and high reliability request.
Currently on the market common spring material be difficult to meet simultaneously the low decarburization of few piece variable-section steel sheet spring, high intensity,
The requirement of high-plasticity, low-alloy and low cost.For example, 51CrV4 spring steel can satisfy the requirement of low decarburization but be unsatisfactory for
High-intensitive and high-plasticity requirement.54SiCr6 has high-intensitive and high-plasticity, but decarburization is serious.South Korea Pu spring steel
(94191328.7 disclosure of Chinese patent) reduces Fully decarburized layer (ferrite lamellae) depth by the way that Ni is added, but adds dilute noble alloy member
Element causes the cost of material very high and is difficult to be acceptable to the market.
In addition, being experimentally confirmed, in quenching process, if shortening steam blanket cooling stage, energy by design technology
It cools down entire workpiece surface evenly and rapidly, the surface treatment quality of product is enabled to keep high evenness.And pass through extension
Boiling cooling procedure, then be conducive to the cooling effect of large-scale part, improve harden ability while keeping evenness.Above-mentioned technique
Optimization only realized by traditional means, be it is limited, in order to break through this limitation, the order of applicant's creativeness is quenched
Stage especially applies high-voltage pulse current to spring steel in air film stage and boiling stage, can break through the office of traditional means
It is sex-limited, realize the maximization of process advantage.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of high-strength spring steel, has low decarburization, high intensity, high-plastic
The good characteristic of toughness, low-alloy and low cost can satisfy high stress, high fatigue property, high technology that leaf spring is lacked in lightweight
Performance and high reliability request.Second technical problem that the present invention solves be can by air film stage and boiling stage to
Spring steel applies high-voltage pulse current, can break through the limitation of traditional means, shortens steam blanket cooling stage duration, makes entire
Workpiece surface is evenly and rapidly cooled down, and the surface treatment quality of product is enabled to keep high evenness；It is cooled by extending boiling
Journey is then conducive to the cooling effect of large scale spring lever, improves harden ability while keeping evenness.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: providing a kind of high-strength spring steel, feature exists
According to quality very than include following component:
C 0.47-0.53%,
Si 0.15-0.35%,
Mn 0.75-1.10%,
Cr 0.90-1.20%,
V 0.05-0.10%,
Nb 0.02-0.10%,
Mo 0.15-0.25%,
Cu≤0.25%,
Ni≤0.25%,
P≤0.02%,
S≤0.015%,
Its surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
A kind of high-strength spring steel of the present invention, it is characterised in that heat treatment procedure comprises the technical steps that: quenching
Fiery heating temperature is 840-930 DEG C；Tempering temperature is 360-560 DEG C.
Preferably, high-voltage pulse current is passed to the both ends of spring steel in quenching process, energization gap is 1-3 seconds, is broken
Electric gap is 0.1-1.5 seconds.
Preferably, the energization total duration of high-voltage pulse current is quench total duration 1/3, and wherein length dimension is 200-
2300mm, width dimensions 70-120mm, thickness are the spring steel plate of 6-45mm, and the air film stage is 1-5 seconds, boiling
Stage is 5-10 seconds.Preferably, quenching liquid used in the heat treatment procedure is pure oil hardening liquid.
50 spring steel of novel high-strength LPD that the present invention is developed, solves thermal pressure by high temperature autoxidation process and adds
The problem of work purposes high-strength spring material Fully decarburized layer.Its high temperature autoxidation process refers to the component and proportion by material
Selection reduces the inoxidizability of material, is oxidized material easily at high operating temperatures and forms oxide skin (including in technical process
Fully decarburized layer caused by decarburization is oxidized to oxide skin simultaneously), oxide skin is the frangible loose matter very low with material cohesion
Matter has and prevents further decarburization and shield.Thus Fully decarburized layer caused by decarburization is eliminated naturally, is obtained without complete
The significant technical effect of decarburized layer.
The high-strength spring steel that the present invention is developed, passes through middle carbon, composite alloying and dilute noble alloy element microalloying
Technical thought solve the problems, such as spring material high intensity, high-ductility and low-alloy simultaneously again solve Fully decarburized layer.It is abundant in this way
The beneficial effect of alloying element is played and strengthened, harm caused by alloying element is reduced, is obtaining obvious technical effect
Under the premise of reduce alloying element content, not only reduce material cost and also be conducive to protect resource.
Composite alloying (including combined microalloying) is the key that of the invention and technical characterstic, possessed by alloying element
Performance and behavior are each constituent element (including microelement) synergistic effects as a result, rather than a certain alloying element is simple, qualitative
Effect or influence, be especially continuously improved in the intensity of material but in the case where require high-ductility.
The high-strength spring steel that the present invention is developed passes through the microalloy of V and Nb using Si as intensified element
Composite alloying reduces the inoxidizability of material, and is obtained using the high-temperature oxydation effect in technical process without the low of Fully decarburized layer
Decarburization effect improves the important function such as the strength of materials and refinement crystal grain moreover, having simultaneously.The high-intensitive bullet that the present invention is developed
Spring steel, consumed surfacing is seldom in high temperature autoxidation, does not influence the dimension precision requirement of spring.Oxide skin it is attached
Put forth effort very low, falls off naturally after quenching.
It is as follows that further explanation of the technical solution of the present invention:
The C content of technical solution of the present invention is 0.47~0.53%.Quenching structure is middle carbon martensite tissue, average tempering
It is afterwards high-intensitive and high-ductility secondary troostite tissue, and without Fully decarburized layer.
In order to improve intensity and reduce inoxidizability and decarburizing tendency, Si content is 0.15~0.35%.
The effect of Cr, Mn and mutual compound action are to improve intensity, high-plasticity and harden ability.Therefore, Cr content is
0.90~1.20%, Mn content is 0.75~1.10%.
V, Mo, Ni, Cu and Nb must be added simultaneously, and effect caused by this composite alloying is that single-element is difficult to reach
It arrives.In the present invention, each alloying element can not replace mutually, be added simultaneously using the amount of microalloy, invent compound micro- conjunction
Golden spring material, function and significance are: 1) reducing inoxidizability, improve quenching temperature 2) Ni and V carbide is tiny more
Dissipate and be uniformly distributed, there is apparent grain refining effect, improve grain coarsening temperature, 3) elements such as Mo, Ni, Cu be added improve it is strong
Degree and plasticity and toughness, 4) 54SiCrV6 spring steel only contains a kind of strong carbide element of V, V content at least 0.10% or more, and this
Invention makes V content that can lack 0.05% level, only the 20 of 51CrV4 or 54SiCrV6 steel point due to being added while V and Nb
One of, this is the significant technical effect of V Yu Nb combined microalloying.The composite alloying of V and Nb that the present invention uses achieve
The microalloying effect of dilute noble alloy constituent content is greatly reduced.It is worth noting that, when considering alloying element proportion, not only
Consider that beneficial effect will more consider damaging effect.Comprehensively consider, C0.47-0.53% of the invention, Si 0.15-0.35%,
Mn 0.75-1.10%, Cr 0.90-1.20%, V 05-0.10%, Nb 0.02-0.10%, Mo 0.15-0.25%, Cu≤
0.25%, Ni≤0.25%.
S, P is harmful element, reduces the plasticity and toughness of material.It is controlled by amount commonly, P≤0.02%, S≤0.015%.
The present invention is only related to high temperature heat treatment step and condition is using high-strength spring steel metallurgical production process
Match with the performance of the object of the formula and acquisition of spring material of the invention.The preparation method step of material of the present invention
It is as follows with condition: the outer ladle refining of ingredient, electric furnace smelting, furnace and degassing processing, ingot casting or continuous casting, cogging, pickling, reconditioning, spy
Wound, rolling；It is characterized in that heat treatment process are as follows: the oil hardening of quenching temperature 850 ± 10-920 ± 10 DEG C；Tempering temperature
370±10-550±10℃.It is of course also possible to other metallurgical technologies be selected, such as electroslag remelting
Beneficial effects of the present invention and significant technological progress effect are as follows:
1, develop a kind of novel high-strength spring steel LPD 50 (low decarburization, high intensity, high-plasticity, low-alloy and it is low at
This), to meet high stress, high fatigue property, high technology performance and the high reliability request that leaf spring is lacked in lightweight.
2, the technical performance of 50 material of novel high-strength spring steel LPD of the present invention are as follows: Fully decarburized layer depth=0mm, tension
1650~1900MPa of intensity, the contraction percentage of area 44~48%, alloy content are lower than 51CrV4 or 54SiCrV6 spring steel, especially
It is dilute noble alloy element.51CrV4 and 54SiCrV6 is thermal pressure processing purposes spring material technologically advanced in the world.Table 1 is
The technical performance of spring material provided by the invention and 51CrV4 and 54SiCrV6 spring steel compares, it can be seen that acquired by the present invention
The significant technical effect of substance and advanced technical level.
3, spring material provided by the invention is the high intensity and high-ductility spring material of a kind of thermal pressure processing purposes.
There is unique technology feature on ingredient and proportion, see Table 2 for details.On common alloying elements, the present invention and 51CrV4 or
54SiCrV6 steel is suitable, but dilute noble alloy element is significantly lower than 51CrV4 or 54SiCrV6 steel.Dilute noble alloy is compound and microalloy
Change is distinguishing feature of the invention, is significant technological progress for existing spring material technology.
4, spring material provided by the invention solves the problems, such as that thermal pressure processes purposes high-strength spring steel Fully decarburized layer.
The spring material is suitable for high temperature autoxidation process, solves the problems, such as the Fully decarburized layer of high decarburizing tendency spring material.It has been generally acknowledged that
High-temperature oxydation is harmful, but spring material provided by the invention, is exactly solved using this oxidation in technical process
Industry insoluble Fully decarburized layer problem for a long time.
The material of the present invention of table 1 and existing spring material intensity, plasticity and decarburization compare
2 chemical analysis of table compares (Wt%)
In order to guarantee the high intensity and high-plasticity of spring, it is desirable that spring material has certain harden ability.Table 3 is this hair
The spring material of bright offer and the Hardenability Technique data of EN10089 grade of steel 54SiCrV6,51CrV4 and 52CrMoV4 spring steel
Comparison, by visible material of the present invention of table with compared with high-hardenability, oil hardening diameter is up to 50mm.
Table 3
Spring material provided by the invention, for manufacturing the bearing spring of medium-heavy automobile, it may also be used for car suspension spiral shell
Revolve spring, automobile torsion bar spring, stabiliser bar, taper-leaf spring of middle thickness etc., and big-wire diameter suspension spiral provided by the invention
Spring material, is the excellent material of high strength spring steel wire and oil tempered spring steel wires, and tool has been widely used.
5, optimization design heat treatment process of the present invention, using pure oily catalytic liquid, to prevent kindling or breakdown and electrolysis；Furthermore
This technique applies high voltage pulse electric current to material by the first two stage in quenching, maintains last stage material by joule heating effect
The temperature lowering curve of material is unlikely excessively steep, evaporates after quickly enabling surface air film shape, and by suitably maintaining high fever, extends boiling stage
Duration.This technique can break through the limitation of traditional means as a result, by shortening steam blanket cooling stage duration, make entire
Workpiece surface is evenly and rapidly cooled down, and the surface treatment quality of product is enabled to keep high evenness；It is cooled by extending boiling
Journey is then conducive to the cooling effect of large scale spring lever, improves harden ability while keeping evenness.
Specific embodiment
A kind of high-strength spring steel of the present invention, according to quality very than including following component:
C 0.47-0.53%,
Si 0.15-0.35%,
Mn 0.75-1.10%,
Cr 0.90-1.20%,
V 0.05-0.10%,
Nb 0.02-0.10%,
Mo 0.15-0.25%,
Cu≤0.25%,
Ni≤0.25%,
P≤0.02%,
S≤0.015%,
Its surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
A kind of high-strength spring steel of the present invention, heat treatment procedure comprise the technical steps that: quenching temperature
It is 840-930 DEG C；Tempering temperature is 360-560 DEG C.
High-voltage pulse current is passed to the both ends of spring steel in quenching process, energization gap is 1-3 seconds, and power-off gap is
0.1-1.5 seconds.
The energization total duration of high-voltage pulse current is quench total duration 1/3, and wherein length dimension is 200-2300mm, wide
For degree having a size of 70-120mm, thickness is the spring steel plate of 6-45mm, and the air film stage is 1-5 seconds, boiling stage 5-
10 seconds.
Quenching liquid used in the heat treatment procedure is pure oil hardening liquid.
Embodiment 1
1) the chemical analysis proportion (Wt%) of 1 material of embodiment is shown in Table 4, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Table 4
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | V | Nb | Mo | Ni | Cu |
| 0.49 | 0.26 | 0.85 | 0.012 | 0.003 | 0.99 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.12 |
2) metallurgical production process of 1 material of embodiment is: by material composition (Wt%) ingredient 1) as above, industrial production electricity
Furnace smelting, the outer ladle refining of furnace and degassing processing, molding, cogging, pickling, reconditioning, rolling.Hot rolling material: 33x89mm band steel.
3) the Fully decarburized layer depth, grain size of 1 material of embodiment and nonmetal inclusion (metallographic method inspection):
Fully decarburized layer depth=0mm, 7 grades of grain size.900 DEG C of heat preservations (under air condition), Fully decarburized layer depth=0mm,
7 grades of grain size.
Nonmetal inclusion such as the following table 5.
Table 5
4) harden ability of 1 material of embodiment
Jominy test (900 DEG C of austenitizing temperature), test data such as the following table 6:
Table 6
33mm thickness sample, 900 DEG C of oil hardening, hardness HRC56.5 at subsurface hardness 58HRC, 1/2R, centre hardness
HRC56。
5) mechanical performance of 1 material of embodiment.
Diameter 10mm, 5 times of ratio standard samples are tested by national standard.Heat treatment process and the following (table of mechanical performance
7):
Table 7
It should be pointed out that above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the invention, for the common of the art
For technical staff, under the premise of meeting working principle of the present invention, any equivalent or similar replacement each falls within of the invention
In protection scope.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high-strength spring steel, it is characterised in that according to quality very than including following component:
Cu≤0.25%,
Ni≤0.25%,
P≤0.02%,
S≤0.015%,
Its surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity；
Heat treatment procedure comprises the technical steps that: quenching temperature is 840-930 DEG C；Tempering temperature is 360-560 DEG C；
High-voltage pulse current is passed to the both ends of spring steel in quenching process, energization gap is 1-3 seconds, and power-off gap is 0.1-
1.5 the second.
2. a kind of high-strength spring steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the energization total duration of high-voltage pulse current
It is the 1/3 of quenching total duration, wherein length dimension is 200-2300mm, width dimensions 70-120mm, thickness 6-
The spring steel plate of 45mm, air film stage are 1-5 seconds, and boiling stage is 5-10 seconds.
3. a kind of high-strength spring steel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that quench used in the heat treatment procedure
Fiery liquid is pure oil hardening liquid.
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| CN107557671B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-14 | 山东汽车弹簧厂淄博有限公司 | Microalloying spring steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN109797348B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-05-19 | 四川丰元机械制造有限公司 | Production process of high-strength plate spring |
| CN109735771A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-05-10 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength spring steel and its production method with excellent fatigue behaviour and corrosion resisting property |
| CN111363976B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏利淮钢铁有限公司 | Microalloyed steel with long service life, high strength and toughness for high-speed rail plate spring and production process thereof |
| CN111705261B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-08-10 | 湖北神风汽车弹簧有限公司 | High-stress spring steel and preparation process thereof |
| CN114410896B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-10-21 | 北京科技大学 | Ultra-high strength medium carbon spring steel and heat treatment process and high-speed train bogie spring |
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