CN107258042A - Energy management apparatus and electrical equipment - Google Patents
Energy management apparatus and electrical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107258042A CN107258042A CN201580075451.4A CN201580075451A CN107258042A CN 107258042 A CN107258042 A CN 107258042A CN 201580075451 A CN201580075451 A CN 201580075451A CN 107258042 A CN107258042 A CN 107258042A
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- Prior art keywords
- inverter
- alternating current
- current side
- energy
- generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H02J3/383—
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of energy management apparatus used in the electrical apparatus, the electrical equipment has energy accumulating device (48), connecting portion and the generator (10,12) of offer electricity output to main power network (14), the generator is attached to generator inverter (22,24), and the electricity output of generator is converted into the alternating current for driving load (56,58) by the generator inverter.The energy management apparatus includes at least one two-way inverter (26), and the two-way inverter has alternating current side (28) and direct current side (30).The alternating current side of the two-way inverter can be connected to the generator inverter and be connected to load.The two-way inverter can be controlled by the signal obtained from main power network, and to provide alternating current voltage in its alternating current side, the alternating current voltage of the alternating current voltage of the two-way inverter and the main power network synchronously changes.The direct current side of the two-way inverter can be connected to the energy accumulating device, to supply electric energy to energy accumulating device.The two-way inverter can：(a) electric power is transmitted along from alternating current side to the direction of direct current side, so that the energy accumulating device charges；Along from direct current side to the direction of alternating current side transmit electric power, energy from the energy accumulating device is supplied to load (b).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy management dress used in the electrical equipment with generator and energy accumulating device
Put, the invention further relates to a kind of such electrical equipment.
Background technology
So-called distributed energy, which generates electricity, to be become to use more and more widely.The generator of low capacity is arranged on power device
Nearby and it is connected in parallel to local load and is connected to main power network.The supply of generator can be used in driving local load,
But the unstability of renewable energy power generation is typically due to, the supply will not consistently match the demand of local load.
At the time of the electric power output of generator exceedes local electricity usage, electric power can flow to power network from generator.When electricity usage is super
When crossing the output of generator, electric power is obtained from power network.
There are a series of different small scale devices that can be used in distributed power generation.These devices include：Using can be again
The generator of the raw energy, such as photovoltaic cell and wind turbine；With the generator of the fuel by supply, such as miniature gas
Turbine, cogeneration of heat and power, fuel cell and those by internal combustion engine drives.
Some (such as photovoltaics) in these technologies cause them widely known in commercial device.For example, in some states
Family, is frequently seen one group of photovoltaic cell on the roof of residential houses.Certainly, from wind-driven generator or solar generator
Electric power output changed according to environmental factor (such as intensity of sunshine and monsoon intensity).
Small-sized distributed energy generator is connected to the common low pressure Distributed parts of power network, rather than is connected to high pressure biography
Defeated system, but for doing so, small-sized distributed energy generator must provide output in desired form.Output is necessary
It is alternating current (AC), the power network that must be connected according to user, the alternating current can be single-phase or three-phase；It must be same with power network
Phase；And it necessarily be in appropriate voltage.Also need to control power coefficient by the difference between control electric current and voltage.
The direct output of local generator is not usually desired form, therefore is connected to power network by inverter, and this is inverse
The alternating current that the output and offer of change device reception renewable energy power generation machine are suitable for connect to power network is supplied as it certainly
Body is exported.The output of generator is typically direct current, therefore, and inverter is DC-AC inverter.Inverter monitoring power network is simultaneously
And the phase and voltage of its supply are adjusted, with the phase and voltage corresponding to power network.Appropriate device is widely known and can be wide
General acquisition, and these devices are sometimes referred to as " combining inverter ".
In order to ensure distributed generator does not have a negative impact to power network, some regulations manage equipment each side and
It is operated, including：(a) inverter, generator is attached to power network by inverter；It is sent to the peak power of power network (b).
Britain, for example, an industrial standard (being known as G83) is applied to generator of the supply up to per 16 amperes of phase, it is another to bear method
The standard (being known as G59) for restraining responsibility is applied to the generator that supply exceedes every 16 amperes of phase.Consider the voltage being related to, this expression
In order to meet G83 standards, generator must be supplied more than per phase 3.68kW.Therefore, it is (such as civilian to set in many mini-plants
It is standby) in, inverter is limited to meet the standard by manufacturer, or uses " middle feedthrough " comprising inverter, and it is limited
System is sent to the power of power network.If can be used in output to the local power that produces of power network exceedes limitation, energy may quilt
Waste.The civilian power generation machine of many use regenerative resources can provide what is limited more than 3.68kW under appropriate environmental condition
Electric power.
For safety and in order to meet regulations, when power network supply of electric power be cut off when, in addition it is also necessary to middle feedthrough or
Inverter makes generator be disconnected from power network.Power distribution company is required to ensure if they cut off given portion for Engineering Task
Point power distribution network, then part then by be not kept at workman may be caused dead high pressure under.Therefore, when not detecting
When power network is connected, feedthrough stops electric power transmission.
Wasted to reduce production capacity, it may be desirable to cover energy accumulating device in local facilities.Battery is well
Suitable for being used mini-plant, although other energy storage technologies are also known and can also used.Principle is very simple：Storage
The production capacity of power network can not be sent at once due to power limit by depositing.In later moment, when can at once be transmitted from generator
To power network power less than the limit (because the output of generator due to environmental condition (for example, lack sunlight and wind) step-down, or
Person is because the power consumption of local user becomes big) when, the energy of storage is released into power network.
The system is performed using possible technique and within regulations and remarkable.Except middle feedthrough or inverter
Outside (being attached to power network by these devices), the system is needed with renewable energy system (for example, wind turbine
Machine, photovoltaic etc.) related inverter, to enable generator to drive local load.Used in the connection
Know that inverter is designed to direct power network and connects and do not transmit electric power, therefore it in the case of not such connection
Can not directly supply power to energy accumulating device.If inverter " invisible " power network of generator, without electricity
Power is transmitted.
The content of the invention
Each aspect of the present invention is explained in the dependent claims.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of energy management apparatus used in the electrical apparatus, the electricity
Gas equipment has energy accumulating device, connecting portion and the generator of offer electricity output to main power network, and the generator is attached to
The electricity output of generator is converted into the alternating current for driving load by generator inverter, the generator inverter, described
Energy management apparatus includes at least one two-way inverter, and the two-way inverter has alternating current side and direct current side, described
The alternating current side of two-way inverter can be connected to the generator inverter and be connected to load, the two-way inverter energy
It is enough to be controlled by the signal obtained from main power network, to provide alternating current voltage, the two-way inverter in its alternating current side
The alternating current voltage of alternating current voltage and the main power network synchronously change, the direct current side of the two-way inverter can connect
The energy accumulating device is connected to, to supply electric energy to energy accumulating device, wherein, the two-way inverter can：(a) edge
And transmit electric power from alternating current side to the direction of direct current side, so that the energy accumulating device charges；Along from direct current (b)
The direction transmission electric power of electric side to alternating current side, load is supplied to by energy from the energy accumulating device.
The generator inverter is suitably the inverter of regenerative resource.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of artificial power network of the AC sides in one or more two-way inverters, the generating
Machine inverter can be connected to artificial power network.In the case where not providing artificial power network, generator inverter is for these reasons
And do not work.But, provide artificial power network, energy by the junction between generator inverter and the remainder of system
It is enough that one or more DC sides of one or more two-way inverters are connected to DC electric power storage device (for example, battery pack), or
Person is connected to power network via feed-in inverter.In other words, the invention enables generator inverter can successfully be connected to except
Part outside power network, these parts can be configured to supply power to power storage devices or power network as needed.Separately
It is outer to allow electric power to be flowed along any direction there is provided two-way inverter, hence in so that power storage devices are in two-way inverter
Output is provided at AC sides, two-way inverter " seeing " is done power network by generator inverter.Suitably, the construction is solved or overcome
Some problems for being briefly described above and/or there is provided the substitutions of elements for regenerative resource to be connected to electricity distribution network.
Suitably, the two-way inverter as needed by electric power from its alternating current side be transferred to its direct current side or
Its alternating current side is transferred to from its direct current side, so as to which the alternating current voltage on its alternating current side is maintained at and the main electricity
The alternating current voltage identical level of net.It is in alternating current that traditional charger/inverter, which is received from renewable energy device,
The connection of form, is used as a part for the electric power for being sent to power network.Therefore, it will make battery charge prior to exporting to power network
To the charged state of set point.The AC of renewable energy device inverter is exported and therefore the connection between battery and power network is one
Cause.Therefore, because being directly connected between the AC outputs of the inverter from renewable energy device and power network, the system is not
Defer to G83.There is isolated connection and the warp that power network is connected to via G83 inverters in two-way inverter design described herein
Isolated connection by the AC output sections of the inverter that is connected to renewable energy device from the artificial power network that DC bus is produced, because
This to the inverter that the G83 exported for power network was authenticated by individually isolated DC supplies supply by deferring to G83.In addition,
Traditional battery storage system used with renewable energy device is set to 48V or so or following.In design described herein
Run under D/C voltage between 220V and 440V, the higher voltage allows the single G83 inverters of DC output drivings, and it will
Ask the input higher than 48V.
Suitably, the battery charge controller be connected to two-way inverter and the energy management apparatus output section it
Between, the output section of the energy management apparatus is used to be connected with the energy accumulating device in one or more battery form.
Suitably, Single port is set, for the DC sides of two-way inverter to be connected into the defeated of G83 type inverters after tested
Enter portion or be connected to middle feedthrough, for energy to be exported to main power network.
Suitably, the battery charge controller is configured to forbid battery to fill predetermined when energy is output to main power network
Discharged under electricity condition.
Suitably, the energy management apparatus can be used in multiphase electrical equipment, and can include multiple two-way inversions
Device：Each two-way inverter is used for each corresponding phase of multiphase electrical equipment.
Suitably, the energy management apparatus can be used in three-phase electrical equipment, and can include three two-way inversions
Device：Each two-way inverter is used for each corresponding phase of three-phase electrical equipment.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of electrical equipment, and the electrical equipment includes：Energy accumulating device；To master
The connecting portion of power network；Generator；Generator inverter, the generator inverter is connected to generator, by the electricity of generator
Output is converted into the alternating current for driving load；At least one two-way inverter, the two-way inverter has alternating current side
With direct current side, the alternating current side of the two-way inverter is connected to the generator inverter and is connected to load, described
Two-way inverter can be controlled by the signal obtained from main power network, to provide alternating current voltage, institute in its alternating current side
The alternating current voltage for stating the alternating current voltage and the main power network of two-way inverter synchronously changes, the two-way inverter it is straight
The electric side of stream is connected to the energy accumulating device, to supply electric energy to energy accumulating device, wherein, the two-way inverter energy
It is enough：(a) electric power is transmitted along from alternating current side to the direction of direct current side, so that the energy accumulating device charges；Edge (b)
And transmit electric power from direct current side to the direction of alternating current side, energy is supplied to load from the energy accumulating device.
Suitably, the electrical equipment also includes middle feedthrough (G83 types inverter such as after tested), it is described in
Between feedthrough can be connected between the direct current side of the two-way inverter and the main power network, by electric power from the electricity
Gas equipment is exported to the power network.
The middle feedthrough (G83 types inverter such as after tested) suitably limits can be from the electrical equipment
Export to the electric power of the power network.
Suitably, battery discharge is prohibited or limited during electric power is exported to the power network from the electrical equipment
It is formed on predetermined charged state.
Suitably, the generator supplies power by regenerative resource.
Switching device is appropriately supplied to, the switching device can switch between the first construction and the second construction,
In described first constructs, switching device connects the load to the alternating current side of the two-way inverter, in the described second construction
In, switching device connects the load to main power network.According to site requirements, switching device can be that manual or automatic conversion is opened
Close.Suitably, the switching device includes soft change-over switch, and the soft change-over switch is suitable to make from being loaded to two-way inverter
Gradually decay to the connection for being loaded to main power network AC sides.
The energy accumulating device can include battery and/or a Battery pack.In this case, the electrical equipment is also
Including battery charge controller, the battery charge controller is connected to the direct current side of two-way inverter and the energy storage
Between device, when the voltage that the battery charge controller is configured on the direct current side of the two-way inverter is less than threshold value
Battery is charged and make battery discharge when voltage on the direct current side of the two-way inverter is higher than threshold value.Electric power to
Voltage of the output of power network dependent on the DC bus side of two-way inverter：When DC bus voltage is higher than threshold value, electric power can be through
Exported by G83 inverters to power network, otherwise It is not necessary to so.
Brief description of the drawings
Now with reference to accompanying drawing, the particular embodiment of the present invention is only described in an illustrative manner, wherein：
Fig. 1 be embody the present invention electrical equipment framework, its can with power network positive energy exchange and be provided with energy storage
Cryopreservation device；
Fig. 2 is also the more detailed framework for embodying the equipment of the present invention；With
Fig. 3 is the modification of Fig. 1 system, and it also includes soft change-over switch.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 represents single-phase AC equipment.The equipment generates electricity from least one renewable energy power generation machine or the local of small yardstick
Machine receives electric energy.In this example, there is provided two such generators (wind turbine 10 and one group of photovoltaic cell 12), most
Pipe miscellaneous equipment can use one or more generators.The equipment is also connected to main power network (with box by inputting instrument 16
14 represent), input instrument is installed by Utilities Electric Co. and its reading is used as the basis of calculating subscriber's account.
Each generator 10,12 is connected to corresponding generator inverter 18,20.These inverters are parallel network reverses
Device, it is designed to be directly attached AC power networks and the frequency of their output, phase and voltage and power network is matched.However,
In the device, they are not attached to power network 14.
The output of generator inverter 18,20 is monitored by the instrument 22,24 that generates electricity accordingly, and generator inverter crosses generating
Instrument links together so that the output-parallel of two generator inverters 18,20.One group of two-way inversion is led in the output of combination
Device 26.In an illustrated embodiment, three two-way inverters 26 are employed.
In view of the electric power for flowing through conventional inverter is inputted to the direction of AC outputs, two-way inverter generally along from DC
26 (as suggested in their names) can transmit electric power along any direction.However, the work of two-way inverter 26 traditionally
With being that the D/C voltage on side is converted into different AC voltages on another side.The experience exchange of each two-way inverter 26
Two ports 28 of electric (AC) will be referred to as " AC sides ", and two ports of the experience direct current (DC) of each two-way inverter 26
30 will be referred to as " DC sides ".Although two-way inverter is those skilled in the art it is well known that but applying to make in shown equipment
Two-way inverter is particularly selected：It generally has high voltage DC side (being usually 100V DC-450V DC)；And also
It is selected such that their AC sides and synchronized, as will be described.
Two-way inverter 26 is connected in parallel with each other in their AC sides.In this example, each two-way inverter 26 has
5kW power capacity so that described one group of three such devices provide 15kW capacity.Other embodiments, which can be used, to be had
The individual unit of required power capacity, or the power that can use the unit of varying number in a group to realize design hold
Amount.
Two-way inverter 26 is controlled so as to provide system voltage through port 28 in their AC sides, and the system voltage is at it
The AC voltages from power network are deferred in frequency, phase and amplitude.In order to realize the purpose, two-way inverter 26 passes through in connection
The guide wire 36 that networking energized power line 40 is attached at position 38 senses the AC waveforms of power network.Couple position 38 unnecessarily to require
Power line 40 is connected directly to, it can use inductor, as shown.
The effect of two-way inverter 26 is that " the artificial electricity for being connected to generator inverter 18,20 is produced in their AC sides
Net ".The artificial power network simulates main power network 14.Therefore, generator inverter 18,20 can supply electric power to artificial power network, although
It is not connected to actual electric network 14.
Drop bar 42 is tapped from neutral point, to form TT (Terra-Terra) earthed system for artificial power network.
Each two-way inverter 26 is connected to corresponding battery charge controller 44 by its DC port 30.Each battery fills
The charging output section 46 of electric controller 44 is connected to opposite the two poles of the earth of a Battery pack 48, and battery 48 forms energy in this embodiment
Storage device.Battery charge controller supplies appropriate DC outputs, to be filled when flow of power is in the direction to battery 48
Electricity, and also when flow of power is along opposite direction provide battery discharge path.
, can be via battery charge controller 44 and two-way inversion when the electric power output for carrying out self generator 10,12 is relatively low
Device 26 is obtained for driving the local electric power loaded from battery 48.If come self generator 10,12 electric power output increase (or
Carry out self-supported demand reduction) so that there is excessive production capacity, then prevented by two-way inverter 26 on artificial power network
The increase of system voltage, now, two-way inverter are used for the heavy collection of electric power into battery.
The equipment can export energy to power network by middle feedthrough 50, in this embodiment, middle feed-in dress
The G83 standards for meeting Britain are put, its power output is limited to 3.68kW.The connection of DC input units 52 of middle feedthrough 50 is worn
The DC ports 30 of one of two-way inverter 26 are crossed, and the AC output sections 54 of middle feedthrough are connected to networking power line 40.
When the voltage in DC bus (that is, at feedthrough terminal 52) exceedes threshold value, i.e. when feedthrough " is seen
See " sufficiently high voltage when, electric power is output to power network, otherwise just It is not necessary to so.Therefore, it is output to the electric power of power network very
Greatly and/or fully dependent on the DC bus voltage on the DC sides of two-way inverter 26.
Shown equipment has：First distribution box 56, in this embodiment, electric power is guided to family expenses by the first distribution box
Load, such as loop circuit and illumination；With the second distribution box 58, it is used for Regeneratable load.First distribution box 56 is connected all the time
To main power network 14.Second distribution box 58 is generally connected to artificial power network by switch fuse 60 and change-over switch 62, and conversion is opened
Pass is formed as hand switch in this embodiment.When needed, user can change the state of change-over switch 62, cause the conversion
Second distribution box is connected to main power network 14 and disconnects the second distribution box from artificial power network by switch.
Equipment shown in figure 2 is three-phase, but is similar to Fig. 1 embodiment at many other aspects.
Fig. 2 equipment receives three-phase power, every line by line 110 from one or more local generator (not shown)
110 are connected to corresponding generator inverter 118, and (especially, three inverters 118 of three phases of processing are desirably integrated into single
In unit).As in the embodiment in figure 1, generator inverter 118 is combining inverter, and it is designed to be connected to AC
Power network, but in an illustrated embodiment, artificial power network is connected to, as will be explained below.
The equipment also has the connecting portion for being connected to main power network by power line 115 via power supply instrument 116.
The output section of generator inverter 118 is led to via corresponding overvoltage protection contactor 119 and generating instrument 122
Corresponding two-way inverter 126.If the voltage from local generator becomes too high, overvoltage protection contactor is opened.
Overvoltage protection contactor is controlled by electronic controller 168, in this embodiment, and electronic controller has various control functions simultaneously
And be programmable electronic installation.Generating instrument 122 is used to record the energy supplied by local generator.
In this embodiment, the three-phase alternating current that each processing in three two-way inverters 126 is supplied by generator
In a phase.Each two-way inverter has an AC port 128 and a DC port 130, and in AC ports and DC ports
Between flow of power upper in any direction can occur.The DC ports 130 of three all two-way inverters 126 are connected to each other simultaneously
And battery charge controller 144 is connected to, a group storage battery (battery) 148 is led in the output section of battery charge controller 144.
In this embodiment, two-way inverter 126 is provided with inverter control unit 170, and inverter control unit passes through
Guide wire 172 receives the phase and width represented in three networking power lines 140 (each phase has a line in the main power network of three-phase)
The signal of degree and three two-way inverters 126 are responsively controlled into defer to line voltage.As in the fig. 1 embodiment, its
Effect is to provide to be connected to " the artificial power network " of generator inverter 118 (it defers to actual electricity in the AC sides of two-way inverter 126
The voltage of net) worked in itself so that generator inverter 118 is connected to power network as them.
Inverter control unit 170 is additionally coupled to battery charger 144 and controls battery charger 144.
The connecting portion that the DC sides 130 of two-way inverter 126 are connected to battery charge controller 144 is referred to as DC mothers herein
Line 174.Battery charge controller 144 is according to the voltage charge or discharge of DC bus 174.In the present embodiment, when DC bus electricity
When being pressed in more than 440V, battery charging；And when DC bus voltage is in below 440V, battery discharge.
When that can obtain excess energy from generator, the voltage on artificial power network will tend to raise, but the liter
Height will be controlled by two-way inverter 126, therefore, and electric power is arrived battery by two-way inverter 126 by the heavy collection of battery controller 144
In 148.When demand is relative to supply increase, the voltage on artificial power network tends to fall after rise, but again, the falling is by double
Controlled to inverter 126, then, two-way inverter obtains electric power from battery 148, so as to suitably keep the electricity of artificial power network
Pressure.
Although being provided with energy accumulating device in the form of battery 148, it is advantageous that energy can be exported to electricity
Net.The energy of battery 148 is limited；When battery is completely filled in, energy dissipation can be avoided by output.Fig. 2 reality
Example is applied with feedthrough 150 in the middle of three (phase that a feedthrough is used in three-phase), described three middle feed-in dresses
Put and via optional output meter 176 and be connected to three-phase electricity via the tariff meter 116 of power supply in their AC outlet sides
The corresponding power line 115 of net.The DC input units of feedthrough 150 can be connected to via output relay 178 in the middle of three
DC bus 164.Output relay 178 is controlled by electronic controller 168.To the output of power network only when relay is closed.
It is further observed that, during exporting, middle feedthrough 150 is by the voltage pull-down in DC bus 174 to below 440V, and this is pre-
Meter can cause battery 148 to be discharged to power network.This is probably unsuitable, therefore in the present embodiment, when electronic controller 168 is closed
When closing output relay 178, send the signal that can not discharge, with while exporting so that battery can not discharge.Although
Simple relay signal can be used, but in the present embodiment, inverter control unit 172 is (more specific by number bus
Ground, controller area network (CAN) bus) communicated with electronic controller 168.Electronic controller 168 passes through CAN buses and equipment
Various parts communicate.
In an illustrated embodiment, under the guidance of electronic controller 168, following connect is controlled by switching device 162
In connecing any one or both：(a) connection of the artificial power network formed on the AC sides 128 of two-way inverter 150, and (b)
The power line 115 that networks loads 182 connection to locality.In the present embodiment, switching device 162 is taken with below 100ms
Switch time soft change-over switch, the switch time and main synchronized.Appropriate device is included by Emerson electronics corporations
The series of ASCO 7000 sold, but other appropriate devices will be well known to those skilled in the art.Switching device 162 has
Have first switch group 184, it is normally closed artificial power network being connected to load 182 so that load by local generator and/
Or battery 148 drives.When needed, switching device can open first group of switch 184 and close second group of switch 186, to pass through
By power line 140 main power network is connected to by loading 182.
It should be noted that shown and can be bought " ready-made " in many parts of equipment described herein.In Fig. 2
In, dotted line frame 188 has been disposed in around those parts in energy management apparatus form of equipment, and the part can be by
Supplier provides as individual unit or as a collection of part, and the energy management apparatus suitably manages battery and charges/put
Electricity, the electricity output by middle feedthrough and artificial network.
Modification above with reference to Fig. 1 systems described is shown in figure 3.Identical reference is used to represent that identical is special
Levy to avoid repeating, and the operation of Fig. 3 system is substantially identical with the operation above with reference to Fig. 1 embodiments described.
In figure 3, system also include soft change-over switch 200, its be connected at its input 202 networking power line 40,
41 and renewable energy device 22,24 is connected at 204 via switch fuse 60, as previously described.Therefore,
Load 56 can be by directly being powered, or by can via soft change-over switch 200 from the transfer electrical power of power network 202 from power network
Energy source regeneration apparatus 22,24 is powered from 204.Soft change-over switch 200 is suitable to make electric power decay to end 204 from end 202, instead
It is as the same, so that it is guaranteed that being seamlessly transitted from the renewable electric power that main electric power is produced to locality.In addition, because in two-way inverter
AC electric power and synchronized on 26 AC sides 28, therefore interruption in the absence of main supply of electric power on power network or interrupt.It is real
In matter, load 56 can not detect switching, hence in so that the critical load powered by the present invention is possibly realized.
The exemplary application of the present invention and the regenerative resource using battery energy storage device to be operated in G83 parameter areas
TRT is relevant.For example, many Scotland island are limited to the connection of G83 power networks, but exist in each place and be higher than per phase
16 amperes of a large amount of potential for renewable energy power generation.Place with bigger demand can be from bigger regenerative resource
Generating equipment benefits, while alleviating the power network pressure caused by long-range network is transmitted.According to the present invention, it can be installed per phase
Including energy content of battery storage device 5 to 15kW systems.Battery capacity can be estimated according to each place.The G83 of standard
Inverter will be attached to network in parallel, wherein, lead to the input of the inverter via energy content of battery storage device from renewable
Energy source device is directly fed to.Relevant with output and anti-islanding effect, this then will be in G83 parameters.Therefore, the present invention will production
The raw artificial power network with main synchronized, the artificial power network will allow the continuous operation of wind energy inverter and solar inverter.
In this example, the generated energy from regenerative resource will meet local demand first and higher than any generating of local demand
Amount will be stored in battery system.When the charged state of battery system is in predetermined limit, battery system can be via G83
Inverter exports stable 3.68kW to power network, to keep the ability for absorbing excessive generated energy.If there is than local demand
Few renewable energy power generation amount, then battery system is by conversion to artificial power network, to provide electricity to renewable energy power generation device
Pond is aided in, to meet local demand.If renewable energy power generation device and battery system are it is impossible to meet local demand, soft
Change-over switch will operate into from power network and bring supply.Change-over switch is same to be only allowed in two kinds of supplies via microprocessor control
Walk and operated in the case of being in predetermined tolerance.Change-over switch is appropriately performed the operation in 10 milliseconds.Anti-islanding
Effect via change-over switch by two kinds supply it is asynchronous when do not allow conversion supply and be prevented from, so if power network by
Power loss, then will not start conversion., can via the artificial power network produced by the present invention when being powered via power network to locality
Renewable energy device is allowed to keep generating electricity and simultaneously charged to battery, once have been provided for enough chargings, then change-over switch energy
Enough change back to artificial power network.It is envisioned that because the present invention is provided the advantage that, will be no longer limited using any application of the present invention
In G83, but can be by allowing to allow to export bigger capacity by the connecting portion of the controls such as voltage tolerance.
It should be appreciated that (that is, excessive energy is stored as chemical potential above with reference to energy content of battery storage device
In a Battery pack) present invention is described, but be not necessarily required to so.For example, can be using the energy storage dress substituted
Put, such as water-storage hydroelectric system, motor driving flywheel, compressed air energy stocking system, thermal energy storage system, hydrogen system
Make and turn gas system with storage device, and/or electricity.It is further noted that any one in above-mentioned energy storage system can be made
To be connected to system at the box 58 of " load " such as in the accompanying drawings, excessive generated energy can be used by the system, for example,
Turn gas system to electricity to be powered, such as, suitable for the potroom that water is converted into hydrogen fuel gas, show although this is one
Example and the present invention is not limited to this.
Claims (23)
1. a kind of energy management apparatus used in the electrical apparatus, the electrical equipment has energy accumulating device, extremely main electricity
The connecting portion of net and the generator for providing electricity output, the generator are attached to generator inverter, the generator inverter
The electricity output of generator is converted into the alternating current for driving load, it is two-way inverse that the energy management apparatus includes at least one
Become device, the two-way inverter has alternating current side and direct current side, and the alternating current side of the two-way inverter can be connected to
The generator inverter and load is connected to, the two-way inverter can be controlled by the signal obtained from main power network
System, to provide alternating current voltage, the friendship of the alternating current voltage of the two-way inverter and the main power network in its alternating current side
Stream piezoelectric voltage synchronously changes, and the direct current side of the two-way inverter can be connected to the energy accumulating device, by electricity
Energy accumulating device can be supplied to, wherein, the two-way inverter can：(a) along from alternating current side to the side of direct current side
To transmission electric power, so that the energy accumulating device charges；Along from direct current side to the direction of alternating current side transmit electricity (b)
Power, by energy from the energy accumulating device supplied to load, the energy management apparatus also includes middle feedthrough, institute
State middle feedthrough to be connected between the direct current side of the two-way inverter and the main power network, by electric power from the electricity
Gas equipment is exported to the main power network.
2. EMS as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the middle feedthrough include G83 types after tested or
G59 type inverters.
3. energy management apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the two-way inverter as needed exchanges electric power from it
Electric side is transferred to its direct current side or is transferred to its alternating current side from its direct current side, so as to by its alternating current side
Alternating current voltage is maintained at the alternating current voltage identical level with the main power network.
4. the energy management apparatus as described in claim 1 or claim 2, in addition to battery charge controller, the battery
Charge controller is connected between the output section of two-way inverter and the energy management apparatus, the energy management apparatus it is defeated
Going out portion is used to be connected with the energy accumulating device in one or more battery form.
5. the energy management apparatus as described in any one in preceding claims, in addition to for by the two-way inverter
Direct current side be connected to the middle feedthrough input unit port.
6. the energy management apparatus as described in the claim 4 when being subordinated to claim 3, wherein, the battery charging control
Device processed is configured to forbid battery discharge when energy is output to main power network.
7. the energy management apparatus as described in any one in preceding claims, the energy management apparatus is used for three-phase electricity
Gas equipment and including three two-way inverters, each two-way inverter is used to supply corresponding phase.
8. the energy management apparatus as described in any one in preceding claims, in addition to soft change-over switch, described soft turn
Switch is changed to be connected to the main power network at first input end, be connected to the generator inverter, simultaneously in the second input end
And load is connected in its output, wherein, the soft change-over switch is suitable to the load for making to be connected between the input
Electric power gradually decay.
9. a kind of electrical equipment, the electrical equipment includes：Energy accumulating device；To the connecting portion of main power network；Generator；Generate electricity
Machine inverter, the generator inverter is connected to generator, and the electricity output of generator is converted into for driving load
Alternating current；At least one two-way inverter, the two-way inverter has alternating current side and direct current side, the two-way inverter
Alternating current side be connected to the generator inverter and be connected to load, the two-way inverter can be by from main power network
The signal of acquisition is controlled, to provide alternating current voltage in its alternating current side, the alternating current voltage of the two-way inverter with
The alternating current voltage of the main power network synchronously changes, and the direct current side of the two-way inverter is connected to the energy storage dress
Put, to supply electric energy to energy accumulating device, wherein, the two-way inverter can：(a) along from alternating current side to direct current
The direction transmission electric power of electric side, so that the energy accumulating device charges；Along from direct current side to the side of alternating current side (b)
To transmission electric power, energy is supplied to load from the energy accumulating device.
10. electrical equipment as claimed in claim 8, in addition to middle feedthrough, the middle feedthrough can be connected
To between the direct current side of the two-way inverter and the main power network, electric power is exported to the master from the electrical equipment
Power network.
11. electrical equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the middle feedthrough limitation can be from the electrical equipment
Export to the electric power of the main power network.
12. electrical equipment as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the middle feedthrough includes G83 or G59 type inverters.
13. the electrical equipment as described in any one in claim 8 to 11, wherein, by electric power from the electrical equipment
Forbid battery discharge during output to the main power network.
14. the electrical equipment as described in any one in claim 8 to 12, wherein, the generator is by regenerative resource
Supply power.
15. electrical equipment as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the generator is included with any one in the following group or many
Kind, described group includes：Wind turbine, photovoltaic cell, biomass fermentation motor, tide or Wave power turbine or generator.
16. the electrical equipment as described in any one in claim 8 to 14, in addition to switching device, the switching device
It can switch between the first construction and the second construction, in described first constructs, switching device connects the load to described double
To the alternating current side of inverter, in described second constructs, switching device connects the load to main power network.
17. electrical equipment as claimed in claim 15, wherein, the switching device includes soft change-over switch, the soft conversion
Switch be connected at first input end the main power network, the second input end be connected to the generator inverter and
Load is connected in its output, wherein, the soft change-over switch is suitable to the load for making to be connected between the input
Electric power is gradually decayed.
18. the electrical equipment as described in any one in claim 8 to 16, wherein, the energy storage devices include one
Battery pack.
19. electrical equipment as claimed in claim 17, in addition to battery charge controller, the battery charge controller connection
Between the direct current side of two-way inverter and the energy accumulating device, the battery charge controller is configured to described double
Battery is set to charge and in the direct current side of the two-way inverter when being higher than threshold value to the voltage on the direct current side of inverter
On voltage be less than threshold value when make battery discharge.
20. the electrical equipment as described in any one in claim 8 to 18, wherein, the energy accumulating device include with
Any one or more in the following group, described group includes：Water-storage hydroelectric system, motor driving flywheel, compressed air energy
Stocking system, thermal energy storage system, hydrogen manufacture and storage device and electricity turn gas system.
21. the electrical equipment as described in any one in claim 8 to 19, the electrical equipment is three-phase, and is wrapped
Three two-way inverters are included, each two-way inverter is used to supply corresponding phase.
22. it is a kind of basic such as herein by reference to accompanying drawing description and electrical equipment as shown in drawings.
23. it is a kind of basic such as herein by reference to accompanying drawing description and energy management apparatus as shown in drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1421489.4A GB2530354B (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-03 | An energy management device and an electrical installation |
| EP14196138.3 | 2014-12-03 | ||
| GB1421489.4 | 2014-12-03 | ||
| EP14196138.3A EP2999077A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-03 | An energy management device and an electrical installation |
| PCT/GB2015/053691 WO2016087856A1 (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2015-12-03 | An energy management device and an electrical installation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107258042A true CN107258042A (en) | 2017-10-17 |
Family
ID=60035700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580075451.4A Pending CN107258042A (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2015-12-03 | Energy management apparatus and electrical equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107258042A (en) |
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