CN107253698B - A kind of method of plasma hydrogen preparing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing hydrogen by plasma, which specifically includes: using water as a medium, using laser-induced water breakdown to generate plasma to provide seed electrons for contact glow discharge; the plasma generated by contact glow discharge is simultaneously The laser-induced water breakdown provides seed electrons to establish avalanche breakdown water to generate plasma, so as to maintain the electron density of the laser ionization channel and realize the continuous generation of water contact glow discharge plasma; Generated plasma to produce hydrogen. The above method can generate contact low-temperature plasma with relatively low light energy and electric energy, and solve the difficulty of generating plasma by contact glow discharge in water, thereby realizing hydrogen production from low-temperature plasma using water as a raw material.

Description

A method for plasma hydrogen production

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a method for plasma hydrogen production.

Background technique

Hydrogen energy is an ideal green energy. Many countries have raised the development and utilization of hydrogen energy to the height of the national energy development strategy, and invested huge manpower and material resources to develop and utilize it. The conversion efficiency of hydrogen is high and the emission pollution is much smaller than that of internal combustion engines. The use of hydrogen energy can effectively reduce the emission of pollutants from automobiles and other equipment. It is one of the effective ways to solve the environmental problems of large and medium-sized cities like Beijing. In recent years, with the increasingly serious urban environmental pollution, more stringent restrictions on vehicle emissions have been put forward. Many researchers and automobile companies have invested a lot of money in the research of fuel cells and hydrogen internal combustion engines. With the main technology of fuel cells The relative lag of its hydrogen production and supply technology has become a bottleneck factor restricting the commercialization of fuel cells and electric vehicles. Therefore, it is urgent to develop convenient, fast and diversified small and medium-scale hydrogen production technologies.

However, the main raw materials for hydrogen production in the prior art are gasoline, diesel, natural gas, methanol, ethanol and other hydrogen-containing minerals or bio-oils. In current hydrogen production, 50% of the output comes from natural gas water vapor with methane as the main component. Hydrogen production by catalytic reforming is a large-scale production process. Obviously, using the above-mentioned fuels to produce hydrogen does not solve the energy problem.

The reserves of the above-mentioned mineral raw materials on the earth are limited, so it is of great significance to research and develop hydrogen production technology using water as raw material.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hydrogen from plasma, which can generate contact low-temperature plasma with relatively low light energy and electric energy, and solve the difficulty of generating plasma by contact with glow discharge in water, so as to realize low-temperature plasma using water as raw material. Plasma hydrogen production.

A method for plasma hydrogen production, the method comprising:

With water as the medium, laser-induced water breakdown is used to generate plasma to provide seed electrons for contact glow discharge;

The plasma generated by the contact glow discharge provides seed electrons for the laser-induced water breakdown at the same time, so that it can establish an avalanche breakdown water to generate plasma, so as to maintain the electron density of the laser ionization channel, and realize the water contact glow discharge plasma the continuation of the body;

Hydrogen is produced by contacting water with a plasma generated by a glow discharge.

The seed electrons required for the contact glow discharge are positive ions, and the seed electrons required for the laser-induced water breakdown are negative ions.

The positive ions generated by the laser-induced water breakdown move to the cathode glow discharge area where the contact glow discharge is located, providing seed electrons for the contact glow discharge;

The negative ions generated by the contact glow discharge move to the laser-induced plasma region where the laser-induced water breakdown is located, providing seed electrons for the laser-induced water breakdown.

The hydrogen production by utilizing the plasma generated by water contact with glow discharge specifically includes:

Under the interaction between laser-induced water ionization and water contact glow discharge ionization, the continuous generation of water contact glow discharge plasma is realized under the support of lower laser threshold;

And use the continuously generated plasma to produce hydrogen.

It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical solution provided by the present invention that the above-mentioned method can generate contact low-temperature plasma with relatively low light energy and electric energy, and solve the difficulty of generating plasma by contact with glow discharge in water, thereby realizing low-temperature plasma production using water as raw material. hydrogen.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing hydrogen from plasma provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of laser-induced and glow discharge interaction plasma generation proposed by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing hydrogen from plasma provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:

Step 1. Using water as the medium, laser-induced water breakdown is used to generate plasma to provide seed electrons for contact glow discharge;

Step 2, the plasma generated by the contact glow discharge provides seed electrons for the laser-induced water breakdown at the same time, so that it can establish an avalanche breakdown water to generate plasma, so as to maintain the electron density of the laser ionization channel and realize the water contact glow Continuous generation of photodischarge plasma;

In a specific implementation, the seed electrons required for the above-mentioned contact glow discharge are positive ions, and the seed electrons required for the laser-induced water breakdown are negative ions.

For example, as shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of the laser induction and glow discharge interaction plasma produced by the present invention, including: cathode electrode 1; cathode glow discharge region 2; contact glow discharge Electric field area 3; laser induced plasma area 4; focusing lens 5; Nd:YAG laser 6 and anode electrode 7. Combined with Figure 2: In the laser-induced plasma region 4, the Nd:YAG laser 6 passes through the focusing lens 5 to generate laser-induced water breakdown to generate positive ions, and the generated positive ions flow to the cathode glow discharge region 2 where the contact glow discharge is located. Mobility, providing seed electrons for contact glow discharges;

The negative ions generated by the contact glow discharge move to the laser-induced plasma region 4 where the laser-induced water breakdown is located, providing seed electrons for the laser-induced water breakdown, so that the laser ionization and the glow discharge ionization are coupled to each other and provide seed electrons to each other. .

Step 3, using water to contact plasma generated by glow discharge to produce hydrogen.

In this step, under the mutual coupling between laser-induced water ionization and water contact glow discharge ionization, the continuous generation of water contact glow discharge plasma supported by a lower laser threshold is realized;

The continuously generated plasma is then used to produce hydrogen.

It can be seen that the hydrogen production method provided by the embodiments of the present invention has the following advantages:

First: The raw material for hydrogen production is water, which is an inexhaustible liquid, which may become an ideal solution to the energy crisis in the future. The raw materials used in the existing hydrogen production technology are fuels such as gasoline, diesel, natural gas, methanol, ethanol and other hydrogen-containing minerals or bio-oil. These minerals or bio-oil and other fuels are limited, and hydrogen production with these fuels can only It solves the environmental pollution problem (such as automobile emission), but does not solve the energy problem, and its application range is greatly limited.

Second: Electric energy and light energy directly act on water molecules (raw material molecules), which is to directly decompose water molecules to produce hydrogen. In the prior art, after the plasma is generated by working gas such as argon, the energy of the plasma is transferred to the raw material molecules, which indirectly decomposes the raw material molecules.

Third: Glow discharge in liquid state to generate plasma. The existing hydrogen production technology needs to vaporize the raw materials for hydrogen production, which is to generate plasma in the gaseous state for glow discharge. The biggest difference between gas and liquid plasma is that gas is insulating, while liquids such as liquid water are conductive. The body contains a large number of conductive ions, and the present invention uses the conductive properties of the liquid to realize the coupling between the laser in the water and the glow discharge ionization.

Fourth: use the combination of electric energy and light energy to generate plasma, laser-induced ionization is pre-ionization, contact glow discharge is main ionization, and the energy required for pre-ionization is often higher than the main ionization, so the present invention can be used for photolysis of water Hydrogen technology has found a major breakthrough.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily conceive of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (2)

1. A method for plasma hydrogen production, characterized in that the method comprises: With water as the medium, laser-induced water breakdown is used to generate plasma to provide seed electrons for contact glow discharge; The plasma generated by the contact glow discharge provides seed electrons for the laser-induced water breakdown at the same time, so that it can establish an avalanche breakdown water to generate plasma, so as to maintain the electron density of the laser ionization channel, and realize the water contact glow discharge plasma the continuation of the body; Wherein, the seed electrons required for the contact glow discharge are positive ions, and the seed electrons required for the laser-induced water breakdown are negative ions; And the positive ions generated by the laser-induced water breakdown move to the cathode glow discharge area where the contact glow discharge is located, providing seed electrons for the contact glow discharge; while the negative ions generated by the contact glow discharge move to the cathode glow discharge area where the laser-induced water breakdown is located The laser-induced plasma region moves to provide seed electrons for laser-induced water breakdown; Hydrogen is produced by contacting water with a plasma generated by a glow discharge. 2. The method for plasma hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, the hydrogen production using the plasma generated by water contact glow discharge specifically comprises: Under the interaction between laser-induced water ionization and water contact glow discharge ionization, the continuous generation of water contact glow discharge plasma is realized under the support of lower laser threshold; And use the continuously generated plasma to produce hydrogen.