CN107247237B - A kind of detection method of battery, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
A kind of detection method of battery, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN107247237B CN107247237B CN201710383162.1A CN201710383162A CN107247237B CN 107247237 B CN107247237 B CN 107247237B CN 201710383162 A CN201710383162 A CN 201710383162A CN 107247237 B CN107247237 B CN 107247237B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection method of battery, electronic equipment and computer readable storage mediums.Wherein, the battery includes N number of battery core；N is the integer more than or equal to 1；Method includes: in M charge and discharge cycles period, to determine first parameter in each charge and discharge cycles period for each battery core；The first parameter characterization electric discharge window；M is the integer more than or equal to 2；Using M the first parameters, the first coefficient of the first linear function is adjusted, so that the corresponding curve of first linear function meets the distribution of first centrostigma, and determines the second parameter；First point set includes the M points formed by the first parameter and corresponding cycle period；The second parameter characterization degree of fitting；Judge battery core with the presence or absence of circulation risk in conjunction with inspection policies using the first coefficient and the second parameter.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a detection technology, and in particular, to a battery detection method, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
Batteries (such as lithium batteries) are widely used in digital products such as notebooks, mobile phones and tablet computers (pads), products such as power cars and energy storage power stations, or large-scale projects, but aging or rapid decay of batteries is one of the problems complained by users. How to judge the possibility of rapid attenuation or water jumping in the later period of the battery core in advance becomes a difficult problem in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing technical problem, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery detection method, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a detection method of a battery, wherein the battery comprises N battery cores; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the method comprises the following steps:
determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods for each battery cell; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit;
and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
In the foregoing scheme, the determining the first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods includes:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
In the foregoing solution, the determining, by using the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining with a detection strategy, whether the battery cell has a circulation risk includes:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is larger than the first value and the second parameter is smaller than or equal to the second value, determining that the battery cell has a circulation risk.
In the foregoing solution, the determining, by using the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining with a detection strategy, whether the battery cell has a circulation risk includes:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, determining that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell.
In the foregoing solution, the determining, by using the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining with a detection strategy, whether the battery cell has a circulation risk includes:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, determining that the corresponding cell has a circulation risk.
In the scheme, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures; before the acquiring a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state, the method further includes:
receiving a switching signal when the electric quantity of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold value;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including:
a battery comprising N cells; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
the processor is used for determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods aiming at each battery cell; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit; and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
In the foregoing solution, the processor is specifically configured to:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
In the foregoing solution, the processor is specifically configured to:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; when the third parameter is larger than the first value and the second parameter is smaller than or equal to the second value, determining that the battery cell has a circulation risk;
or, squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and a difference value between the second parameter and a second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, determining that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell;
or, squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; and when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, determining that the corresponding cell has a circulation risk.
In the scheme, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures; the processor is further configured to:
receiving a switching signal when the electric quantity of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold value;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method.
According to the battery detection method, the electronic device and the computer-readable storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, for each battery cell, in M charge-discharge cycle periods, a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period is determined; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit; and judging whether the cell has the circulation risk or not by utilizing the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy, performing linear fitting through a discharge window and a circulation period, and judging whether the cell has the circulation risk or not by utilizing the fitting degree and the slope, so that the health condition of the cell can be judged quickly and accurately.
Drawings
In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like reference numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like reference numerals having different letter suffixes may represent different examples of similar components. The drawings illustrate generally, by way of example, but not by way of limitation, various embodiments discussed herein.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for detecting a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second battery according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third battery according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth battery according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a second battery testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
At present, the scheme for judging the rapid attenuation or the water jump in the later period of the battery core mainly comprises the following steps: and observing a circulation capacity retention rate scheme and an alternating current impedance tracking scheme.
Among them, this is a result-oriented method for observing the scheme of the retention rate of the circulating capacity, and when the capacity of the battery decays to a certain value, it is determined that the life of the battery is terminated, so it is difficult to make an improved intervention in an effective time.
The ac impedance tracking scheme is a very crude method, and only when the battery capacity decays rapidly, some weak signals may be seen, and the decision may be inaccurate. This approach is also approximately a result-oriented approach.
On the other hand, by using an electrochemical polarization parameter model, the static open-circuit voltage after charging and discharging is observed to reflect the real discharging state, namely the embodiment of the real state of charge (SOC), and the concept of the real discharging voltage, namely a discharging Window (Window) is provided. The discharge window is correlated with the SOC, and the wider the window, the higher the SOC, and the discharge characteristic curve (Chem-ID) of the base is. All electrochemical phenomena including rate, high and low temperature performance and cycle performance can be confirmed by Chem-ID.
For the circulation process, as the battery cell ages, the impedance increases, the corresponding final static potential after charging becomes lower and higher, and the final static potential after discharging becomes higher and higher, so that the discharge window becomes narrower, and the capacity retention rate decreases. And the research finds that: by observing the discharge window in the early stage (for example, in the first 150 cycle periods), it can be found that the discharge window and the cycle period of the battery cell in the later stage (for example, in 400 th to 800 th cycle periods, even thousands of cycles) have a better linear relationship, where the cycle capacity retention rate rapidly decays to a set threshold (which can be understood as a set specification, for example, set to be close to 0%). Taking out the linear fitting degree and the slope K of the cell, the difference between the linear fitting degree and the slope K and the normal cell can be found. Therefore, the health condition of the battery cell can be rapidly diagnosed.
Based on this, in various embodiments of the invention: determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods for each battery cell; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit; and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
In the embodiment of the invention, linear fitting is carried out through the discharge window and the cycle period, and the fitting degree and the slope are utilized to judge whether the cell has the cycle risk, so that the health condition of the cell can be judged quickly and accurately, namely whether the risk of cycle water-jumping exists in the later period, the interference on the battery can be carried out in time, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Example one
The embodiment of the invention provides a battery detection method, which is applied to electronic equipment.
Wherein the battery comprises N cells; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
Here, in practical use, the battery may be a lithium battery.
The electronic device may be a notebook, pad, cell phone, etc.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of a battery detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step 101: determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods for each battery cell;
here, the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
In practical applications, M may be set as required, such as 40, 50 or 60. For convenience of statistics, it may be set to 50.
The M charge-discharge cycle periods refer to: the number of cycles is M.
As can be seen from the definition of the discharge window, in order to obtain the first parameter, it is necessary to collect the open-circuit voltage of the battery in two states of full charge and complete discharge.
Based on this, in an embodiment, the specific implementation of step 101 may include:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
Here, the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold, i.e. the battery has been fully charged or has reached a certain threshold. The second state represents that the electric quantity of the battery is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value, namely the battery is discharged completely.
In practical application, the second threshold may be set as needed, for example, the electric quantity of the battery reaches the second threshold to represent that the electric quantity of the battery is saturated, or the electric quantity of the battery is not saturated but reaches a certain specific threshold for protecting the electric core.
In practical application, in order to collect the first open-circuit voltage in the first state and the open-circuit voltage in the second state, a first threshold value may be set through Firmware (Firmware), and when the capacity of the battery reaches the first threshold value after discharging, the power supply of the electronic device is switched, so that the electronic device is turned off.
In the process from charging to discharging, when the electric quantity of the Battery reaches a second threshold value, a Battery Management System (BMS) records the static open-circuit voltage of each Battery cell in a static state after the process. When the battery discharge capacity reaches the first threshold, the BMS may also record the static open-circuit voltage of each cell in the stationary state.
In order to obtain consistency of points and guarantee reliability of results, the quiescent time after full charge and the quiescent time after discharge can be set to be a certain fixed time length through Firmware setting, such as 5-60 min, so that the BMS can record open-circuit voltage after the quiescent time length after full charge reaches the fixed time length, and the BMS can record corresponding open-circuit voltage after the quiescent time length after discharge reaches the fixed time length.
In addition, in order to meet the requirement of standing, when the battery is charged until the electric quantity reaches the second threshold value, the BMS needs to cut off the external power supply so that the standing time period reaches the fixed time period; correspondingly, when the battery is discharged, the automatic shutdown time length reaches the fixed time length, or the battery cannot be charged within the fixed time length after the power adapter is inserted.
Thus, the discharge window refers to the difference between the final static open circuit potential after charging and the final static open circuit potential after discharging.
The open circuit voltage is as follows: terminal voltage of the battery in an open state. The open circuit voltage of a battery is equal to the difference between the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential of the battery when the battery is open circuited (i.e., when no current is passing through the two electrodes).
The scheme of the embodiment of the invention can be applied to a single-cell or multi-string single-parallel-cell battery (as shown in fig. 2). For a multi-string single-parallel cell battery, in other words, N (greater than or equal to 2) cells have a multi-string single-parallel structure in which there are at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
In practical application, the cells of many batteries may be in a multi-string and multi-parallel structure, as shown in fig. 3 to 5. That is, the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures. In this case, the multi-string multi-parallel structure needs to be converted into a multi-string single-parallel structure through switches (generally Field Effect Transistors (FETs)) in the structure so as to collect independent voltage and the same current of each cell. At this time, the current of each battery cell is the same, and the influence of the test current can be eliminated.
Here, in fig. 2 to 5, C represents different cells, a represents an ammeter, V represents a voltmeter, and L represents a switch.
Based on this, in an embodiment, the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures; before the acquiring a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in the second state, the method may further include:
receiving a switching signal when the electric quantity of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold value;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
Step 102: adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter;
the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period.
The second parameter characterizes the degree of fit.
In other words, the number of cycles is taken as the X-axis, the discharge window is taken as the Y-axis, and linear fitting is performed by using the M first parameters and the number of cycles, so that the difference (least square sense) between the obtained linear function and the first point set is minimized, thereby obtaining the fitting degree R2And a slope K.
Step 103: and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
Here, the determining whether the battery cell has a circulation risk means: whether the battery core has the risk of rapid attenuation or cycle water-jumping (the retention rate of the cycle capacity rapidly attenuates to a set threshold (which can be understood as a set specification, such as being set to be close to 0%)) in the later charge-discharge cycle.
When the cell is determined to have a circulation risk, the controller (such as an Embedded Controller (EC) or the like) may interfere with the battery (such as reducing the operating voltage of the battery or the like) according to an existing intervention strategy, so as to effectively prolong the service life of the battery.
In practical application, after every M times of charge and discharge cycles, executing steps 101 to 103 to determine whether a cell has a cycling risk, wherein in fitting, a cycling period refers to an actual cycling number of the battery, for example, assuming that steps 101 to 103 are executed every 50 cycling periods, in 51-100 cycling periods, a cycling period adopted in fitting is 51-100, and so on.
According to the detection method of the battery provided by the embodiment of the invention, for each battery cell, in M charge-discharge cycle periods, a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period is determined; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit; the first coefficient and the second parameter are combined with a detection strategy to judge whether the battery cell has a circulation risk or not, linear fitting is carried out through a discharge window and a circulation period, and the fitting degree and the slope are used for judging whether the battery cell has the circulation risk or not, so that the health condition of the battery cell can be judged quickly and accurately, interference can be carried out on the battery in time, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a battery detection method, which is applied to electronic equipment.
Wherein the battery comprises N cells; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
Here, in practical use, the battery may be a lithium battery.
The electronic device may be a notebook, pad, cell phone, etc.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of a battery detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the method includes the following steps:
step 601: determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods for each battery cell;
here, the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
In practical applications, M may be set as required, such as 40, 50 or 60. For convenience of statistics, it may be set to 50.
The M charge-discharge cycle periods refer to: the number of cycles is M.
As can be seen from the definition of the discharge window, in order to obtain the first parameter, it is necessary to collect the open-circuit voltage of the battery in two states of full charge and complete discharge.
Based on this, in an embodiment, the specific implementation of step 601 may include:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
Here, the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold, i.e. the battery has been fully charged or has reached a certain threshold. The second state represents that the electric quantity of the battery is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value, namely the battery is discharged completely.
In practical application, the second threshold may be set as needed, for example, the electric quantity of the battery reaches the second threshold to represent that the electric quantity of the battery is saturated, or the electric quantity of the battery is not saturated but reaches a certain specific threshold for protecting the electric core.
In practical application, in order to collect the first open-circuit voltage in the first state and the open-circuit voltage in the second state, the first threshold value can be set through Firmware, and when the capacity of the battery reaches the first threshold value after discharging, the power supply of the electronic equipment is switched, so that the electronic equipment is turned off.
In the process from charging to discharging, when the electric quantity of the battery reaches a second threshold value, the BMS records the static open-circuit voltage of each battery cell in a standing state after the process. When the battery discharge capacity reaches the first threshold, the BMS may also record the static open-circuit voltage of each cell in the stationary state.
In order to obtain consistency of points and guarantee reliability of results, the quiescent time after full charge and the quiescent time after discharge can be set to be a certain fixed time length through Firmware setting, such as 5-60 min, so that the BMS can record open-circuit voltage after the quiescent time length after full charge reaches the fixed time length, and the BMS can record corresponding open-circuit voltage after the quiescent time length after discharge reaches the fixed time length.
In addition, in order to meet the requirement of standing, when the battery is charged until the electric quantity reaches the second threshold value, the BMS needs to cut off the external power supply so that the standing time period reaches the fixed time period; correspondingly, when the battery is discharged, the automatic shutdown time length reaches the fixed time length, or the battery cannot be charged within the fixed time length after the power adapter is inserted.
Thus, the discharge window refers to the difference between the final static open circuit potential after charging and the final static open circuit potential after discharging.
The open circuit voltage is as follows: terminal voltage of the battery in an open state. The open circuit voltage of a battery is equal to the difference between the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential of the battery when the battery is open circuited (i.e., when no current is passing through the two electrodes).
The scheme of the embodiment of the invention can be applied to a single-cell or multi-string single-parallel-cell battery (as shown in fig. 2). For a multi-string single-parallel cell battery, in other words, N (greater than or equal to 2) cells have a multi-string single-parallel structure in which there are at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
In practical application, the cells of many batteries may be in a multi-string and multi-parallel structure, as shown in fig. 3 to 5. That is, the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures. In this case, the multi-string multi-parallel structure needs to be converted into a multi-string single-parallel structure through a switch (generally, a FET) in the structure, so as to collect the independent voltage and the same current of each cell. At this time, the current of each battery cell is the same, and the influence of the test current can be eliminated.
Here, in fig. 2 to 5, C represents different cells, a represents an ammeter, V represents a voltmeter, and L represents a switch.
Based on this, in an embodiment, the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures; before the acquiring a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in the second state, the method may further include:
receiving a switching signal when the electric quantity of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold value;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
Step 602: adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter;
the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period.
The second parameter characterizes the degree of fit.
In other words, the number of cycles is taken as the X-axis, the discharge window is taken as the Y-axis, and linear fitting is performed by using the M first parameters and the number of cycles, so that the difference (least square sense) between the obtained linear function and the first point set is minimized, thereby obtaining the fitting degree R2And a slope K.
Step 603: squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by using the third parameter and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
Specifically, when the third parameter is greater than the first value and the second parameter is less than or equal to the second value, it is determined that the cell has a circulation risk.
Here, this determination manner is applicable to the case of single cell and multi-cell, that is, when N is greater than or equal to 1, for each cell, when the third parameter is greater than the first value and the second parameter is less than or equal to the second value, it is determined that the cell has a cycling risk.
And when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, determining that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell.
Here, this determination manner is applicable to the case of multiple cells, that is, when N is greater than or equal to 2, for each cell, when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and a difference between the second parameter and a second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, it is determined that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell.
And when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, determining that the corresponding cell has a circulation risk.
Here, this determination manner is applicable to the case of multiple cells, that is, when N is greater than or equal to 2, for each cell, when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and a difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, it is determined that the corresponding cell has a circulation risk.
When none of the above conditions is met, the cell is relatively healthy.
In practical applications, the first value, the second value, the third value, the fourth value, the fifth value, and the sixth value may be set by a statistical method, or may be given by an empirical value.
For example, by the above method, the first value, the second value, the third value, and the fifth value may be set as: 0.5, 0, 0.3, 0.2.
Here, the determining whether the battery cell has a circulation risk means: whether the battery core has the risk of rapid attenuation or cycle water-jumping (the retention rate of the cycle capacity rapidly attenuates to a set threshold (which can be understood as a set specification, such as being set to be close to 0%)) in the later charge-discharge cycle.
When the battery cell has a circulation risk, the controller (such as the EC and the like) can intervene on the battery (such as reducing the working voltage of the battery and the like) according to an existing intervention strategy, so as to effectively prolong the service life of the battery.
In practical application, after every M charge and discharge cycles, steps 601 to 603 are performed to determine whether the cell has a cycling risk, and in fitting, the cycling period refers to an actual cycling number of the battery, for example, assuming that steps 601 to 603 are performed every 50 cycling periods, then in 51-100 cycling periods, the cycling period used in fitting is 51-100, and so on.
Taking the battery structure shown in fig. 2 as an example, assuming that the determination is made every 50 cycle periods, the first value, the second value, the third value, and the fifth value are respectively: 0.5, 0, 0.3, 0.2.
The battery has three battery cells, namely C1, C2 and C3. In each circulation process, the discharge windows of three cells, C1, C2 and C3, are respectively:
Window1＝OCVfc1-OCVdc1；
Window2＝OCVfc2-OCVdc2；
Window3＝OCVfc3-OCVdc3；
wherein, OCVfc represents the static open circuit voltage after full charge or after charging to a certain threshold, and OCVdc represents the static open circuit voltage after discharging.
Window is used as Y axis, and Cycle number Cycle is used as X axis. After 50 cycles are completed, linear fitting is carried out on the Window of 0-50 cycles and the corresponding times (1-50), and the fitting degree R2 and the slope K can be obtained. Assuming that the fitting degrees of three cells C1, C2 and C3 are R respectively21、R22、R2And 3, the slopes are K1, K2 and K3 respectively.
Then for each cell, the following decisions are made:
1. when R of the cell2>0.5 and K<0, judging that the battery cell has a later life risk;
2. or 0.3 of the cell<R2≦ 0.5 and K for this cell differs significantly from K for other cells, e.g., assuming that for C1, | K1-K2|>threshold1 (fourth value), it can be determined that C1 has a risk of late life;
3. or 0.2< R2 of the cell is not more than 0.3, and the difference between K of the cell and K of other cells is obvious, for example, if i K1-K2 i > threshold2 (sixth value) for C1, it can be determined that C1 has a risk of late life;
4. and when the conditions are not met, the subsequent service life of the battery cell is healthy, and the subsequent circulation is observed.
After 100 cycles are completed, linear fitting is carried out on the Window of 51-100 cycles and the corresponding times (51-100), and the fitting degree R2 and the slope K can be obtained. Assuming that the fitting degrees of three cells C1, C2 and C3 are R respectively21、R22、R2And 3, the slopes are K1, K2 and K3 respectively.
Then for each cell, the same determination is made as above to determine whether there is a risk of end-life for the cell.
And so on in the following.
It should be noted that: when the battery is single electric core structure, still can judge whether electric core has the later stage life risk by above-mentioned mode, so the difference is: when judging whether the later life risk exists, the first condition can be adopted for judgment, namely, when the R of the battery cell exists, the R of the battery cell is judged2>0.5 and K<And 0, judging that the battery cell has a later life risk.
At present, the battery has some interference measures to prolong the service life of the battery, and the interference measures are fixed, for example, after the cycle number reaches 100 times, the working voltage of the battery is reduced, and after the cycle number reaches 300 times, the working voltage of the battery is reduced again. In this case, when the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is adopted, when the subsequent circulation risk of the battery is detected without reaching the circulation times corresponding to the interference measures, the interference measures can be used in advance; of course, when it is not yet detected that the battery has a subsequent risk of cycling when the number of cycles corresponding to the intervention measures is reached, the intervention measures can be postponed.
According to the detection method of the battery provided by the embodiment of the invention, for each battery cell, in M charge-discharge cycle periods, a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period is determined; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit; squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; and judging whether the cell has a circulation risk or not by using the third parameter and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy, performing linear fitting through a discharge window and a circulation period, and judging whether the cell has the circulation risk or not by using the fitting degree and the slope, so that the health condition of the cell can be quickly and accurately judged, the interference can be made on the battery in time, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
EXAMPLE III
Based on the above battery detection method, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 7, where the electronic device includes:
a battery 71 comprising N cells; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
a processor 72, configured to determine, for each battery cell, a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit; and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
In an embodiment, the processor 72 is specifically configured to:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
In an embodiment, the processor 72 is specifically configured to:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; and when the third parameter is larger than the first value and the second parameter is smaller than or equal to the second value, determining that the battery cell has a circulation risk.
Wherein, when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, the processor 72 determines that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell;
when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, the processor 72 determines that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell.
In one embodiment, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures; the processor 72 is further configured to:
receiving a switching signal when the electric quantity of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold value;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the functions implemented by the components in the electronic device shown in fig. 7 can be understood by referring to the related description of the detection method of the battery.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention. The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the unit is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division ways in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or units may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, all the functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for realizing the method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program executes the steps comprising the method embodiments when executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a removable Memory device, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
Alternatively, the integrated unit of the present invention may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be essentially implemented or a part contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a removable storage device, a ROM, a magnetic or optical disk, or other various media that can store program code.
In this regard, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, performs:
determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods for each cell of the battery; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; the battery comprises N cells; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit;
and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the first coefficient and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is larger than the first value and the second parameter is smaller than or equal to the second value, determining that the battery cell has a circulation risk.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, determining that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, determining that the corresponding cell has a circulation risk.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, further performs:
before the second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in the second state is collected, when the electric quantity of the battery is smaller than or equal to a first threshold value, receiving a switching signal;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and one parallel structure; wherein,
n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A detection method of a battery comprises N battery cells; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the method comprises the following steps:
determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods for each battery cell; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit;
and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the third parameter and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first parameter for each of the M charge-discharge cycle periods comprises:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining whether the cell has a circulation risk by using the third parameter and the second parameter in combination with a detection strategy comprises:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is larger than the first value and the second parameter is smaller than or equal to the second value, determining that the battery cell has a circulation risk.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining whether the cell has a circulation risk by using the third parameter and the second parameter in combination with a detection strategy comprises:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, determining that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining whether the cell has a circulation risk by using the third parameter and the second parameter in combination with a detection strategy comprises:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter;
and when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, determining that the corresponding cell has a circulation risk.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures; before the acquiring a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state, the method further includes:
receiving a switching signal when the electric quantity of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold value;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
a battery comprising N cells; n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
the processor is used for determining a first parameter of each charge-discharge cycle period in M charge-discharge cycle periods aiming at each battery cell; the first parameter characterizes a discharge window; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; adjusting a first coefficient of a first linear function by using M first parameters to enable a curve corresponding to the first linear function to meet the distribution of a first point concentration point, and determining a second parameter; the first set of points includes M points formed by a first parameter and a corresponding cycle period; the second parameter is indicative of a degree of fit; and judging whether the battery cell has a circulating risk or not by utilizing the third parameter and the second parameter and combining a detection strategy.
8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the processor is specifically configured to:
acquiring a first open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a first state and a second open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in a second state in each charge-discharge cycle period; the first state is indicative of the charge of the battery reaching a second threshold; the second state is characterized by the charge of the battery being less than or equal to a first threshold; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;
and obtaining the first parameter by subtracting the first open-circuit voltage from the second open-circuit voltage.
9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the processor is specifically configured to:
squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; when the third parameter is larger than the first value and the second parameter is smaller than or equal to the second value, determining that the battery cell has a circulation risk;
or, squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; when the third parameter is greater than a third value and less than or equal to a first value, and a difference value between the second parameter and a second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a fourth value, determining that a circulation risk exists in the corresponding cell;
or, squaring the second parameter to obtain a third parameter; and when the third parameter is greater than a fifth value and less than or equal to a third value, and the difference between the second parameter and the second parameter of another cell in the N cells exceeds a sixth value, determining that the corresponding cell has a circulation risk.
10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N cells have a first series-parallel structure; the first series-parallel structure comprises at least two series structures and at least two parallel structures; the processor is further configured to:
receiving a switching signal when the electric quantity of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold value;
controlling the N battery cells to form a second series-parallel structure according to the switching signal; the second series-parallel structure has at least two series structures and one parallel structure.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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