Background technology
Of the measuring concentration of granules in certain of current discharge or uncontrollable discharge in a organized way, flue dust or uncontrollable discharge
Grain thing concentration determination belongs to routine monitoring in China, and daily monitoring task is very heavy.
In the method for airborne particulate analyte detection, oscillating balance method for principle live flue dust direct reading test instrument at home and abroad
It has been used widely.But use the flue dust flow of oscillating balance method measurement general in 1L/min or so, apply " empty
In gas " particulate matter (such as TSP of PM2.5 10), the measurement of the concentration of " microgram rank ".
And be in the particle concentration detection of discharge or uncontrollable discharge in a organized way, the characteristics of its pollutant:Discharge
Soot dust granule logistics capacity it is big, (general milligram rank) much higher in the concentration relative atmospheric of particulate matter, high humidity, particle is close
The features such as spending changeable, according to GB16157 (particulate matter and the gaseous contaminant method of sampling in Concentration in Fixed Pollutants Source) requirement not
The measurement of " constant speed " or constant flow (general 20~30L/min or so) can be used for by the way of " full stream ", especially in flue dust
High-precision direct-reading in terms of;Therefore it is difficult to oscillating balance method being applied in the detection of flue dust or uncontrollable discharge.
In the detection of current flue dust or uncontrollable discharge, typically from filter membrane weight method, with oscillating balance method
Compare, it weighs quality again after needing collecting sample, time laboratory heat treatment at the scene, and then obtains mass concentration, discharges dense
The data such as degree, the cycle is long, expends a large amount of manpowers, financial resources, material resources, does not meet low-carbon environment-friendly, efficient policy that country advocates;And
And filter membrane weight method needs the equipment carried a lot, takes larger space;Applied existing at present in the detection of stationary source flue dust
Patent have " a kind of oscillating balance dust concentration direct reading measurement instrument with flow dividing structure of CN201520460472.5 ", but its side
Method core content is to use " shunting " scheme, and artificial is divided into emission two strands, but two strands of emissions of shunting is real-time
" constant speed " property is difficult manual control, and " constant speed " of flue dust will influence oscillating balance measurement result accuracy, directly affect detection
As a result accuracy;And the separate system is extremely complex, high-altitude is not suitable for, narrow, bad environments portable quick
On-the-spot test.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, this patent provides a kind of soot dust granule thing concentration portable type measuring based on oscillating balance method
System and method, can realize that " live direct-reading " is (existing using the present apparatus in the detection of current flue dust or uncontrollable discharge
Field can obtain the finally detection data such as particle concentration, concentration of emission) and be easy to carry;Testing result closely conforms to national inspection
Mark is accurate.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Constant speed balance soot dust granule thing concentration readout portable measurement system and method, including quality collecting unit, sensing
Device assembly, sampling head, center processing unit, the quality collecting unit include:Shake chamber, in intracavitary of shaking provided with vibrating diaphragm and the bar that shakes,
The entrance hole diameter on the bar top that shakes is 7-9mm, and the wall thickness for the bar that shakes is 0.45-0.55mm, and the end aperture for the bar that shakes is 19-
21mm;Length is 100-120mm, and bar side of shaking face is curve, and the vibrating diaphragm is arranged at the top of the bar that shakes;Chamber top shake provided with air inlet
Mouthful, gas outlet is provided with below the chamber that shakes, intracavitary of shaking is provided with sensor cluster;The sensor cluster includes temperature sensor, flow velocity
Sensor, pressure sensor;The sampling head is arranged in exhaust emission pipe, is connected with air inlet;It is same in exhaust piping
Sample is provided with sensor cluster;The center processing unit includes center processor, flue dust flow detection and control unit, sampling
Pump;The center processing unit is mutually communicated with quality collecting unit, sensor cluster, and sampling pump passes through pipeline and the chamber outlet that shakes
Mouth connection.
Further:The chamber that shakes includes cavity of resorption and is hinged on the upper chamber cover of cavity of resorption side, between cavity of resorption and upper chamber cover
Provided with sealing strip, shock absorber, heat-insulation layer and vibration insulation, the wall of chamber four that shakes is provided with heater element.
Further:The air inlet is arranged on upper chamber cover, with intake interface and guide channel;Described be oriented to is led to
Road upper end is connected with intake interface, and extension covers vibrating diaphragm downwards for lower end.
Further:Also include probe tube, the probe tube is arranged between sampling head and quality collecting unit, described to take
Sample inside pipe wall is enclosed with heater element.
Further:Also include probe tube, the probe tube is arranged between quality collecting unit and center processing unit.
Constant speed balance soot dust granule thing concentration readout portable measurement system and method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sensor cluster is set in flue, by sensor cluster by cigarette temperature, flow velocity, the flue gas pressures in flue
Relevant information pass to center processing unit;
(2) mass measurement of particulate matter in flue dust in flue is completed by quality collecting unit, passes through quality collecting unit
Interior sensor cluster passes information to center processing unit;
(3) center processing unit completes flue dust volume acquisition, the quality gathered data of bond quality collecting unit, Yi Jiyan
The data of flue gas, which are calculated, in road obtains mass concentration, concentration of emission final data.
Beneficial effect
The present invention is suitable for high-altitude, narrow, bad environments portable rapid field tests.It is real by center processor
It is existing " live direct-reading ", " full stream " that flue dust can be realized by the bar that shakes of special construction, single by flue dust flow detection and control
Member can realize " constant speed " of flue dust flow velocity and realize measuring system and method portable, that meet national standard, greatly shorten
Detection cycle.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with reference to specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, constant speed balance soot dust granule thing concentration readout portable measurement system and method, including
Quality collecting unit, sensor cluster, sampling head, center processing unit, the quality collecting unit include:Shake chamber, in the chamber that shakes
Interior to be provided with vibrating diaphragm and the bar that shakes, the entrance hole diameter on the bar top that shakes is 7-9mm, and the wall thickness for the bar that shakes is 0.45-0.55mm, and shake bar
End aperture is 19-21mm;Length is 100-120mm, and bar side of shaking face is curve, and the vibrating diaphragm is arranged at the top of the bar that shakes;Shake chamber
Top is provided with air inlet, and gas outlet is provided with below the chamber that shakes, and intracavitary of shaking is provided with sensor cluster;The sensor cluster includes temperature
Sensor, flow sensor, pressure sensor;The sampling head is arranged in exhaust emission pipe, is connected with air inlet;Useless
Sensor cluster is again provided with feed channel;The center processing unit includes center processor, flue dust flow detection and control
Unit, sampling pump;The center processing unit is mutually communicated with quality collecting unit, sensor cluster, and sampling pump passes through pipeline
Chamber gas outlet is connected with shaking.
The present invention is in the detection of flue dust or uncontrollable discharge, by the way that upper end open is small, lower ending opening is big, be sideways song
The bar that shakes of line, the bar top that shakes is tapered rod, middle indent, bottom evagination, per part between all rounding ofves, from top to end
The free form surface of the indent of smoothness is formed for free forming, compared with bar is shaken in conventional taper, the bar that shakes of this shape is in flue dust stream
When measuring unstable, especially in the case where soot dust granule density is changeable, vibrational feedback result is reliable and stable, close in soot dust granule
Spend playing a major role for the bar top that shaken in the case of stablizing, when soot dust granule density is unstable, the arch of underlying protrusion
Shape space, the feedback for vibration is more sensitive, it is ensured that the precision of quality collection, without vibrating diaphragm is removed into measurement, is more suitable for
Used in the detection of flue dust or uncontrollable discharge.
The shake entrance hole diameter of bar is controlled in 8mm or so, it is possible to achieve the collection of the flue dust of big flow, such as 20~30L/min
Detection, the collection of the flue dust flow of left and right.Center processing unit is communication with each sensor cluster, quality collecting unit, can
With steady temperature 30 to 110 degrees Celsius according to stationary source in a organized way or the sampling operating mode of uncontrollable discharge can be set;
Resolution capability can reach 0.1 milligram, reach high accuracy, realize live direct-reading.The setting of the sensor cluster for intracavitary of shaking, passes through
Center processor can realize automatic compensation, to adapt to diversified working environment.
Shake bar design parameter everywhere during actual use, according to different flow and resolving accuracy according to material
Mechanics principle, adjusts the mass resolution needed for each gain of parameter of bar that shakes.
In center processing unit, the center processor of setting can be PLC, or other can realize the work(
The intelligent processor of energy, is not limited herein.
In the present embodiment, use the magnetic field that electromagnet is produced and provide driving force for the bar that shakes;Flue dust flow detection and control
Unit is adjusted in real time by the feedback of flow sensor to the flow velocity of flue dust (reaches adjustment mesh by controlling the rotating speed of sampling pump
), it is ensured that the flow velocity of flue dust is in a steady state value;Quality collecting unit is by measuring certain intervals time ventilation front and rear two
Two intrinsic frequencies of the individual bar that shakes, can calculate the particulate matter quality on filter membrane, then divided by this time in the flue dust that flows through
Cumulative volume can be obtained by the mean concentration of particulate matter, and all of above data processing is all completed by center processor.
Further:The chamber that shakes includes cavity of resorption and is hinged on the upper chamber cover of cavity of resorption side, between cavity of resorption and upper chamber cover
Provided with sealing strip, shock absorber, heat-insulation layer and vibration insulation, the wall of chamber four that shakes is provided with heater element.
The concrete structure and form of shock absorber are not limited herein, can be elastomeric material parcel shake chamber or other
Corresponding structure.
In the present embodiment, by the vibration insulation and shock absorber in the chamber that shakes, by setting damper so that vibration is not outer
Pass, it is to avoid cause secondary vibration;By setting damping layer in the instantaneous position of the vibration of bar that shakes, it is to avoid vibrational energy, which is coupled into, to be come,
Make to shake vibration of bar only have flue dust by when can just occur, can be with when flue dust is in big flow, particle concentration change
Well adapt to, it is to avoid oscillatory instability;Further improve the accuracy of result.
Further:Air inlet is arranged on upper chamber cover, with intake interface and guide channel;Guide channel upper end with
Intake interface is connected, and extension covers vibrating diaphragm downwards for lower end.
Guide channel ensures that flue dust circulation stability is more preferable, it is ensured that the flue dust of collection completely extends across vibrating diaphragm, as a result accurate steady
It is fixed.
In the present embodiment, probe tube before quality collecting unit with air inlet if placed at connecting, then in sampling pipe
Need to be enclosed with heater element on wall, it is ensured that flue dust is when entering quality collecting unit, in high temperature, if probe tube is arranged on
It is connected after quality collecting unit with gas outlet, that need not set heater element.
Constant speed balance soot dust granule thing concentration readout portable measurement system and method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sensor cluster is set in flue, by sensor cluster by cigarette temperature, flow velocity, the flue gas pressures in flue
Relevant information pass to center processing unit;
(2) mass measurement of particulate matter in flue dust in flue is completed by quality collecting unit, passes through quality collecting unit
Interior sensor cluster passes information to center processing unit;
(3) center processing unit completes sampling volume collection, the quality gathered data of bond quality collecting unit, Yi Jiyan
The data of flue gas, which are calculated, in road obtains mass concentration, concentration of emission final data.
When sampling air flow is by filter membrane, particulate matter therein is deposited on filter membrane, and the mass change of filter membrane causes oscillation frequency
The change of rate, is changed by frequency of oscillation and calculates the quality for being deposited on particulate matter on filter membrane, further according to flow, site environment temperature
Degree and air pressure calculate the mass concentration of the period particulate matter, will not be described here.
Shown in Fig. 4, in the present embodiment there is provided a kind of specific size for the bar that shakes, the entrance hole diameter 8mm on bar top shakes
The wall thickness 0.5mm of bar, the end aperture 20mm for the bar that shakes;Length 110mm, in flue dust flow 25L/min, using this method with
The particulate matter quality contrast number that filter membrane weight method is measured, the quality error of particulate matter is adopted within 5% using apparatus of the present invention
The data measurement of collection is accurate, with a high credibility, it is possible to achieve " full stream ", " constant speed ", portable.Be particularly suitable for use in high-altitude, it is narrow,
The portable rapid field test of bad environments.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
Imitate embodiment and be applied to other fields, but every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made to above example, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.