CN107235565A - One kind is based on regulation CO2The apparatus and method of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device for treating high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting the partial pressure of _CO2 , including a water pump and a hydraulic injection device. Above the water surface of the pool, the water pump pumps the high-hardness groundwater into the hydro-jet device, the high-hardness groundwater enters the hydro-jet device, and is mixed with the atmosphere in the hydro-jet device for the first time, and then sprayed from the hydro-jet device, and The atmosphere performs a second mixing, reducing the hardness of the high hardness groundwater. The invention realizes fundamental softening through physical methods, does not introduce secondary pollution, and is safe and stable.

Description

A device and method for treating high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting CO2 partial pressure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of groundwater purification, in particular to a device and method for treating high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting _CO2 partial pressure.

Background technique

Groundwater is an important source of drinking water, accounting for about 99% of the liquid fresh water available on Earth. Compared with surface water, as a water supply source, groundwater has the advantages of wide distribution, stable change, good natural regulation, and easy development and utilization. Therefore, groundwater is the source of water supply commonly used in small and medium-sized cities, towns and rural areas in my country, and even the only source of water in some areas.

High hardness is a universal characteristic of groundwater. In daily life, too high hardness of water will damage clothes during washing, waste soap, and waste fuel when boiling water. Drinking high-hardness water can easily cause temporary gastrointestinal discomfort, abdominal distension, diarrhea, excessive gas, and even kidney stones and other diseases. Not only that, the caustic soda in boiling water is mainly calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, and also contains various harmful elements such as mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, etc. Cause chronic poisoning to the human body, even carcinogenic and teratogenic, seriously endangering human health. Therefore, reducing the hardness of high-hardness groundwater is an urgent task for groundwater utilization.

At present, the softening methods of high-hardness groundwater mainly include heating method, empirical method, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis and so on. The heating method and empirical method are convenient and easy to implement, but the efficiency is low and the feasibility is not high. The common chemical precipitation method is lime-soda ash softening method, the removal efficiency is not high and it is easy to destroy the original balance and cause secondary pollution. The ion exchange method requires the regeneration of the ion exchange resin, and the process is complicated. Both reverse osmosis and electrodialysis belong to the category of membrane separation. The permeable membrane is easily polluted, and the power consumption is large and the cost is high during operation.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a safe, stable and efficient device and method for treating high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting the partial pressure of CO ₂ by physically adjusting the partial pressure of CO ₂ .

An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for treating high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting _CO2 partial pressure, including a water pump and a hydraulic injection device, the water pump is arranged below the water surface of a high-hardness groundwater storage tank, and the hydraulic injection device is arranged at Above the water surface of the high-hardness groundwater reservoir, the water pump pumps the high-hardness groundwater into the hydro-jet device, and the high-hardness groundwater enters the hydro-jet device, and first mixes with the atmosphere in the hydro-jet device, and then flows from the hydro-jet device It is ejected and mixed with the atmosphere for the second time. Since the partial pressure of CO ₂ in the atmosphere is lower than the partial pressure of CO ₂ in high-hardness groundwater, after two mixings with the atmosphere, the partial pressure of CO ₂ in high-hardness groundwater is greatly reduced, thereby making The concentration of CO ₂ in high-hardness groundwater decreases, pH increases, HCO ₃ ^- content decreases, OH ^- concentration increases, Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Fe ³⁺ ions are fixed in the form of colloid or suspension to achieve softening and high hardness Groundwater purposes.

Further, the hydraulic injection device includes a water inlet nozzle, a suction chamber, a mixing chamber and a water outlet nozzle, the water inlet nozzle, the suction chamber, the mixing chamber and the water outlet nozzle are connected in sequence, and the water pump pumps high-hardness groundwater into the water inlet nozzle , and keep the water volume constant, the high-hardness groundwater is in the flow path of the water inlet nozzle, the cross-sectional area of the water inlet nozzle gradually decreases, and the flow velocity of the high-hardness groundwater gradually increases, forming a high-speed water column, which is injected into the suction nozzle The upper and lower sides of the suction chamber are equipped with air inlets, the air enters the suction chamber through the air inlet, the surface pressure of the water column moving at high speed is low, and the air entering the suction chamber moves toward the water column under the action of negative pressure, and the air is Next, a boundary layer is formed on the surface of the water column, and it is injected into the mixing chamber along with the water column. The cross-sectional area of the front section of the mixing chamber gradually increases, while the cross-sectional area of the rear section of the mixing chamber remains unchanged, and the jet velocity of the water column is between The front section of the mixing chamber gradually decreases, the pressure gradually increases, and the water column and the atmosphere are violently mixed and emulsified to form a foam flow, which is homogenized in the rear section of the mixing chamber and injected into the water outlet nozzle, the horizontal direction of the water outlet nozzle The cross-sectional area is significantly reduced, the jet velocity of the foam flow is significantly increased, and the pressure is reduced. The foam flow is ejected from the water outlet nozzle at a high speed and mixed with the atmosphere.

Further, the water pump is a stainless steel water pump.

Furthermore, both the water inlet nozzle and the water outlet nozzle are Venturi nozzles.

Further, the water pump and the water injection device are connected through pipelines.

A method for processing high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting _CO partial pressure, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) The water pump pumps high-hardness groundwater from the reservoir into the water inlet nozzle of the water jet device;

(2) The flow velocity of high-hardness groundwater in the water inlet nozzle gradually increases to form a high-speed moving water column, and the water column is injected into the suction chamber at high speed;

(3) Open the air inlet of the suction chamber, the air enters the suction chamber, the surface pressure of the water column moving at high speed is low, the air entering the suction chamber moves towards the water column under the action of negative pressure, and the air forms an attachment surface on the surface of the water column under the action of friction Layer, and injected into the mixing chamber with the water column;

(4) The jet velocity of the water column in the mixing chamber first gradually decreases and then remains constant, and the pressure also increases first and then remains constant. The water column and the atmosphere in the boundary layer are first vigorously mixed and emulsified to form a foam flow, and then , the foam flow is gradually homogenized and injected into the water outlet nozzle;

(5) The flow velocity of the foam flow in the water outlet nozzle gradually increases, the pressure gradually decreases, and it is ejected at a high speed;

(6) The ejected foam flow mixes with the atmosphere, the pressure drops, and returns to the reservoir, the CO ₂ concentration in the water returned to the reservoir decreases, the pH increases, the HCO ₃ ^- content decreases, the OH ^- concentration increases, Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ and Fe ³⁺ ions are fixed in the form of colloid or suspension, thereby reducing the hardness of high-hardness groundwater.

Further, there is a reversible reaction in the gas-liquid two-phase during the mixing process of the atmosphere and high-hardness groundwater:

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: making full use of the control effect of _CO2 partial pressure on groundwater hardness to treat high-hardness groundwater, through physical methods, to achieve fundamental softening, without introducing secondary pollution, with safety , stable advantages, and the process is simple, low energy consumption, good effect, economical and applicable, suitable for popularization in practical applications, and the present invention provides technical guarantee for residents' drinking water safety, and is of great significance for solving drinking water health problems in our country .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for treating high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting the partial pressure of CO ₂ according to the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for treating high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting the partial pressure of CO ₂ , including a water pump 1 and a water injection device 2 connected by a pipeline 3 between the water pump 1 and the water injection device 2 .

In one embodiment, the water pump 1 is a stainless steel water pump, the water pump 1 is arranged below the water surface of the high-hardness groundwater storage tank, the hydraulic injection device 2 is arranged above the water surface of the high-hardness groundwater storage tank, and the water pump 1 pumps the high-hardness groundwater into the In the hydro-injection device 2, high-hardness groundwater enters the hydro-injection device 2 and mixes with the atmosphere for the first time in the hydro-injection device 2, and then sprays out from the hydro-injection device 2 and mixes with the atmosphere for the second time.

The water jetting device 2 includes a water inlet nozzle 21 , a suction chamber 22 , a mixing chamber 23 and a water outlet nozzle 24 , and the water inlet nozzle 21 , the suction chamber 22 , the mixing chamber 23 and the water outlet nozzle 24 communicate in sequence.

Along the flow direction of high-hardness groundwater in the hydraulic injection device 2, the cross-sectional area of the water inlet nozzle 21 gradually decreases, the cross-sectional area of the front section 231 of the mixing chamber 23 gradually increases, and the rear section 232 of the mixing chamber 23 cross-sections While the area remains the same, the cross-sectional area of the outlet nozzle 24 is significantly reduced. In one embodiment, both the water inlet nozzle 21 and the water outlet nozzle 24 are Venturi nozzles.

The upper and lower sides of the suction chamber 22 are provided with air inlets 221 through which air enters the suction chamber 22 .

In one embodiment, the water pump 1 pumps high-hardness groundwater into the water inlet nozzle 21, and keeps the water volume constant. In the flow path of the high-hardness groundwater in the water inlet nozzle 21, the flow velocity of the high-hardness groundwater gradually increases. A high-speed water column is formed, and the water column is injected into the suction chamber 22. The surface pressure of the high-speed water column is low, and the air entering the suction chamber 22 from the air inlet 221 moves to the water column under the action of negative pressure. The boundary layer is formed and injected into the mixing chamber 23 along with the water column. The jet velocity of the water column gradually decreases in the front section 231 of the mixing chamber 23, and the pressure gradually increases. The water column and the atmosphere are violently mixed and emulsified to form a foam flow. The foam flow is homogenized in the rear section 232 of the mixing chamber 23 and injected into the water outlet nozzle 24. The jet velocity of the foam flow increases significantly, the pressure decreases, and the foam flow is ejected at a high speed from the water outlet nozzle 24 to mix with the atmosphere.

Since the partial pressure of CO ₂ in the atmosphere is lower than the partial pressure of CO ₂ in the high-hardness groundwater, after two mixings with the atmosphere, the partial pressure of CO ₂ in the high-hardness groundwater is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the concentration of CO ₂ and increasing the pH in the high-hardness groundwater , HCO ₃ ^- content decreases, OH ^- concentration increases, Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Fe ³⁺ ions are fixed in the form of colloid or suspension, softening high hardness groundwater.

A method for processing high-hardness groundwater based on adjusting _CO partial pressure, comprising the following steps:

(1) The water pump 1 pumps high-hardness groundwater from a reservoir (not shown in the figure) into the water inlet nozzle 21 of the water injection device 2;

Chemical parameters of high-hardness groundwater in the reservoir: main ion concentration (mg/L), such as K ⁺ , Na ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Cl ^- , HCO ₃ ^- , SO ₄ ^2- , NO ^3- , etc. ; Common trace elements (μg/L), such as Fe ²⁺ , Sr ²⁺ , etc.; pH; TDS; hardness, etc.

(2) The flow rate of high-hardness groundwater in the water inlet nozzle 21 gradually increases to form a high-speed water column, and the water column is injected into the suction chamber 22 at a high speed;

Due to the constant flow rate, the cross-sectional area of the high-hardness groundwater flowing through the water inlet nozzle 21 gradually decreases. According to Q=S×v, the flow velocity of the high-hardness groundwater in the water inlet nozzle 21 gradually increases. At the same time, according to the ideal element flow According to the Bernoulli equation, the potential energy of water is converted into high-speed kinetic energy, and the water column is ejected from the water inlet nozzle 21 at high speed.

(3) Open the air inlet 221 of suction chamber 22, the air enters the suction chamber 22, the water column surface pressure of high-speed motion is low, the atmosphere entering the suction chamber 22 moves to the water column under the action of negative pressure, and the atmosphere moves under the friction of the water column The surface forms a boundary layer and is injected into the mixing chamber 23 with the water column;

The air bubbles and water flow produced by the negative pressure are unbalanced, causing the large bubbles to be decomposed into more and smaller bubbles, and the exponentially increased surface area creates conditions for the mixing of the atmosphere and water. At the same time, according to Bernoulli Law, if the cross-section is from S ₁ to S ₂ , the corresponding hydrostatic pressure When S ₁ >>S ₂ , the hydrostatic pressure p is significantly reduced, the potential energy of water is converted into high-speed kinetic energy, the surface pressure of the water column is reduced, and the surface pressure of the water column is low. The atmosphere entering the suction chamber 22 moves toward the water column under the action of negative pressure. Under the action of friction, a boundary layer is formed on the surface of the water column, and is injected into the mixing chamber 23 along with the water column.

(4) The jet velocity of the water column in the mixing chamber 23 first gradually decreases and then remains constant, and the pressure also increases first and then remains constant. The water column and the atmosphere of the boundary layer first violently mix and emulsify to form a foam flow, After that, the foam flow is gradually homogenized and injected into the water outlet nozzle 24;

In the front section 231 of the mixing chamber 23, due to the gradual increase of the cross-sectional area, the jet velocity of the water column gradually decreases and the pressure gradually increases. The water column and the atmosphere in the boundary layer are strongly mixed and emulsified, and energy transfer and momentum transfer begin to occur. , the kinetic energy and momentum of the water column are transferred to the bubbles to form a foam flow that can move at high speed. As the high-speed foam flow moves forward in the mixing chamber 23, the energy transfer process continues, and finally the energy and momentum of the water and air bubbles are homogenized in the rear section 232 of the mixing chamber 23.

(5) The flow velocity of the foam flow in the water outlet nozzle 24 gradually increases, the pressure gradually decreases, and it is ejected at a high speed;

As the cross-sectional area of the water outlet nozzle 24 decreases, the flow velocity of the foam flow increases gradually. Since the partial pressure of CO ₂ in the atmosphere is generally 10 ^-3.5 (*10 ⁵ Pa), the partial pressure of CO ₂ in groundwater is generally 10 ^{- 2} (*10 ⁵ Pa), therefore, the CO ₂ partial pressure of the foam flow after jet mixing is significantly reduced.

(6) The ejected foam flow mixes with the atmosphere, the pressure drops, and returns to the reservoir. After secondary mixing, the _CO2 partial pressure of the treated water is further reduced. According to Henry's law, the _CO2 concentration in the water returned to the reservoir decreases, According to the existence of reversible reactions in the gas-liquid two-phase during the mixing process: It can be seen that when the pH increases, the HCO ₃ ^- content decreases, and the OH ^- concentration increases, causing Ca(OH) ₂ , Mg(OH) ₂ , Fe(OH) ₃ to precipitate or form a suspension, causing Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Fe ³⁺ ions are fixed in the form of colloid or suspension, thereby softening the groundwater with high hardness.

Using this method to continuously treat high-hardness groundwater, monitor and sample regularly, obtain the chemical parameters of the water in the reservoir after treatment, and compare the chemical parameters of the water before and after treatment to analyze the softening effect.

The invention makes full use of the control effect of _CO2 partial pressure on the hardness of groundwater to treat high-hardness groundwater, realizes fundamental softening through physical methods, does not introduce secondary pollution, has the advantages of safety and stability, and has simple process and low energy consumption , good effect, economical and applicable, suitable for popularization in practical application, and the present invention provides technical guarantee for residents' drinking water safety, and has great significance for solving the drinking water health problem in our country.

In this article, the orientation words such as front, rear, upper, and lower involved are defined by the parts in the drawings and the positions between the parts in the drawings, just for the clarity and convenience of expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the location words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

In the case of no conflict, the above-mentioned embodiments and features in the embodiments herein may be combined with each other.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (7)

1. one kind is based on regulation CO₂The device of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water, it is characterised in that including water pump and water-jet Device, the water pump is arranged on below the water surface of high rigidity underground water cistern, and the hydraulic jeting device is arranged on high rigidity More than the water surface of underground water cistern, high rigidity underground water is pumped into hydraulic jeting device by the water pump, high rigidity underground water First time mixing is carried out with air into hydraulic jeting device, and in hydraulic jeting device, afterwards from hydraulic jeting device Spray, and air carries out second and mixed, due to CO in air₂Partial pressure is less than CO in high rigidity underground water₂Partial pressure, by with it is big CO in the mixing twice of gas, high rigidity underground water₂Partial pressure significantly reduces, and then makes CO in high rigidity underground water₂Concentration is reduced, pH Increase, HCO₃ ^-Content is reduced, OH^-Concentration increase, Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Fe³⁺Ion is fixed in the form of colloid or suspension, is reached Soften the purpose of high rigidity underground water.

2. it is according to claim 1 based on regulation CO₂The device of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water, it is characterised in that described Hydraulic jeting device include water inflow nozzle, suction chamber, mixing chamber and water outlet nozzle, the water inflow nozzle, suction chamber, mixing chamber and Water outlet nozzle is sequentially communicated, and high rigidity underground water is pumped into water inflow nozzle by the water pump, and keeps water constant, high rigidity underground Water is in the flow path of the water inflow nozzle, and the cross-sectional area of water inflow nozzle is gradually reduced, the flow velocity of high rigidity underground water by It is cumulative big, the water column of high-speed motion is formed, water column, which is injected, is equipped with air inlet above and below suction chamber, the suction chamber, air leads to Cross air inlet and enter suction chamber, the water column surface pressing of high-speed motion is low, into suction chamber air under suction function to water Post is moved, and air forms boundary-layer under rubbing action on the surface of water column, and injects mixing chamber with water column, the mixing chamber Leading portion cross-sectional area gradually increases, and the back segment cross-sectional area of the mixing chamber keeps constant, and the effluxvelocity of water column is in mixing chamber Leading portion be gradually reduced, pressure gradually increases, and water column and air are vigorously mixed and emulsified, and forms foam stream, the foam stream exists The back segment of mixing chamber is homogenized, and injects water outlet nozzle, and the cross-sectional area of the water outlet nozzle is substantially reduced, the jet velocity of foam stream Degree is significantly increased, and pressure reduces, and foam stream is projected from water outlet nozzle high speed, is mixed with air.

3. it is according to claim 1 based on regulation CO₂The device of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water, it is characterised in that described Water pump is stainless steel water pump.

4. it is according to claim 2 based on regulation CO₂The device of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water, it is characterised in that described Water inflow nozzle and water outlet nozzle are Venturi nozzle.

5. it is according to claim 1 based on regulation CO₂The device of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water, it is characterised in that described Connected between water pump and hydraulic jeting device by pipeline.

6. one kind is based on regulation CO₂The method of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

(1) high rigidity underground water is pumped into the water inflow nozzle of hydraulic jeting device by water pump from cistern；

(2) high rigidity underground water flow velocity in water inflow nozzle gradually increases, and forms the water column of high-speed motion, the high rapid fire of water column Enter in suction chamber；

(3) air inlet of suction chamber is opened, air enters suction chamber, and the water column surface pressing of high-speed motion is low, into suction chamber Air moved under suction function to water column, air forms boundary-layer under rubbing action on the surface of water column, and with water column Inject mixing chamber；

(4) effluxvelocity of the water column in mixing chamber is first gradually reduced keeps constant afterwards, and pressure also first increases therewith to be kept not afterwards Become, the air of water column and its boundary-layer is first vigorously mixed and emulsified, form foam stream, afterwards, foam stream is gradually homogenized, and is injected Water outlet nozzle；

(5) foam stream flow velocity in water outlet nozzle gradually increases, and pressure is gradually reduced, and projects at a high speed；

(6) the foam stream projected is mixed with air, and pressure declines, and returns to cistern, returns to CO in the water of cistern₂Concentration drops It is low, pH increases, HCO₃ ^-Content is reduced, OH^-Concentration increase, Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Fe³⁺Ion is consolidated in the form of colloid or suspension It is fixed, and then reduce the hardness of high rigidity underground water.

7. it is according to claim 6 based on regulation CO₂The method of voltage division processing high rigidity underground water, it is characterised in that described In air and high rigidity underground water mixed process there is reversible reaction in gas-liquid two-phase：