CN107233935A - Explosion-proof high-low-temperature low-atmospheric pressure test system - Google Patents
Explosion-proof high-low-temperature low-atmospheric pressure test system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及试验箱技术领域，具体地说是防爆高低温低气压试验系统，其特征在于：还包括快速减压试验装置，实现温湿度环境无控条件下的极低气压、快速减压和爆炸减压试验，其包括试验罐体、储压罐体、真空快开蝶阀、储压辅助罐体、液氮罐、第一测量控制系统；所述的试验箱采用温湿度低气压试验箱，实现温湿度环境有控条件下的温度低气压、低气压、温湿度低气压的试验要求，其包括试验箱体、加热制冷系统、空气调节系统、加湿系统、除湿系统、真空系统、增压系统、第二测量控制系统、防爆泄压装置。本发明与现有技术相比，不但能模拟单一的试验环境，还能模拟复杂的试验环境，且具备防爆功能，操作方便。The invention relates to the technical field of test chambers, in particular to an explosion-proof high-low temperature low-pressure test system, which is characterized in that it also includes a rapid decompression test device to realize extremely low pressure, rapid decompression and explosion under uncontrolled temperature and humidity conditions. The decompression test includes a test tank, a pressure storage tank, a vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve, a pressure storage auxiliary tank, a liquid nitrogen tank, and a first measurement control system; the test chamber adopts a temperature and humidity low pressure test chamber to realize Test requirements for temperature and low pressure, low pressure, temperature and humidity and low pressure under controlled temperature and humidity conditions, including test chambers, heating and cooling systems, air conditioning systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, vacuum systems, pressurization systems, The second measurement control system, explosion-proof pressure relief device. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can not only simulate a single test environment, but also simulate a complex test environment, has an explosion-proof function, and is easy to operate.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及试验箱技术领域，具体地说是防爆高低温低气压试验系统。The invention relates to the technical field of test chambers, in particular to an explosion-proof high-low temperature low-pressure test system.
背景技术Background technique
现有的高低温低气压试验系统，一般只设计一些简单的温度、湿度及气压的模拟环境，参见专利号：2010800691372，专利名称为：可进行湿度控制的低气压高低温试验箱；申请号2015109622495，名称为：一种带PID控制的高低温试验箱。针对危险性较大的超高压环境，及针对这种超高压环境如何快速减压的试验装置缺乏。Existing high and low temperature and low pressure test systems generally only design some simple simulated environments of temperature, humidity and air pressure, see patent number: 2010800691372, patent name: low pressure, high and low temperature test chamber capable of humidity control; application number 2015109622495 , the name is: a high and low temperature test chamber with PID control. There is a lack of test equipment for the dangerous ultra-high pressure environment and how to quickly decompress the ultra-high pressure environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，将高低温低气压试验箱与快速减压试验装置组合在一起，且高低温低气压试验箱与快速减压试验装置共用一套减压设备，模拟单一或复合环境对试验品的影响，丰富了试验设备的模拟环境，并针对高压试验罐体设置了防爆快速减压设备，保证安全性能。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, combine the high-low temperature low-pressure test chamber and the rapid decompression test device together, and the high-low temperature low-pressure test chamber and the rapid decompression test device share a set of decompression equipment, simulate The influence of a single or compound environment on the test product has enriched the simulated environment of the test equipment, and set up explosion-proof rapid decompression equipment for the high-pressure test tank to ensure safety performance.
为实现上述目的，设计一种防爆高低温低气压试验系统，包括试验箱、电气控制柜，所述的试验箱内采用轨道车连接样品架，所述的电气控制柜设有触摸屏，其特征在于：In order to achieve the above object, a kind of explosion-proof high and low temperature low pressure test system is designed, including test box, electric control cabinet, adopt rail car to connect sample rack in the described test box, described electric control cabinet is provided with touch screen, it is characterized in that :
还包括快速减压试验装置，实现温湿度环境无控条件下的极低气压、快速减压和爆炸减压试验，其包括试验罐体、储压罐体、真空快开蝶阀、储压辅助罐体、液氮罐、第一测量控制系统；It also includes a rapid decompression test device to realize extremely low pressure, rapid decompression and explosive decompression tests under uncontrolled temperature and humidity conditions, including test tanks, pressure storage tanks, vacuum quick-opening butterfly valves, and pressure storage auxiliary tanks Body, liquid nitrogen tank, first measurement control system;
所述的试验罐体与储压罐体之间设有若干排压管，所述的排压管包括两根直径40m的设有DN40真空阀的排压管及两根直径80cm的设有DN800真空快开蝶阀的排压管；所述的试验罐体上还设有进气口，进气口采用设有进气电磁阀的管路连接设在试验罐体外的增压泵；A number of pressure relief pipes are provided between the test tank and the pressure storage tank, and the pressure relief pipes include two pressure relief pipes with a diameter of 40m provided with a DN40 vacuum valve and two pipes with a diameter of 80cm provided with a DN800 vacuum valve. The pressure discharge pipe of the vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve; the test tank body is also provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet adopts a pipeline provided with an air inlet electromagnetic valve to connect to a booster pump located outside the test tank;
所述的储压罐体还采用设有应急阀门的辅助管道连接一储压辅助罐体，所述的储压辅助罐体的罐壁采用设有腔体的双层结构，腔体上设有液氮进口，所述的液氮进口连接液氮罐的出口；所述的储压辅助罐体的底部还设有加热管；The pressure storage tank body is also connected to a pressure storage auxiliary tank body by an auxiliary pipeline provided with an emergency valve, and the tank wall of the pressure storage auxiliary tank body adopts a double-layer structure with a cavity, and the cavity body is provided with Liquid nitrogen inlet, the liquid nitrogen inlet is connected to the outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank; the bottom of the pressure storage auxiliary tank is also provided with a heating pipe;
所述的第一测量控制系统，包括设置在试验罐体内的第一压力传感器，设计在储压罐体内的第二压力传感器，位于试验罐体外的、连接第一压力传感器的输出端及第二压力传感器输出端的第一控制器，第一控制器的若干输出端分别对应连接增压泵、进气电磁阀、DN40真空阀的控制端、DN800真空快开蝶阀的控制端、应急阀门的控制端，第一控制器的信号端还双向连接电气控制柜的第一信号端；The first measurement control system includes a first pressure sensor arranged in the test tank, a second pressure sensor designed in the pressure storage tank, an output end connected to the first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor located outside the test tank. The first controller at the output end of the pressure sensor, several output ends of the first controller are respectively connected to the booster pump, the intake solenoid valve, the control end of the DN40 vacuum valve, the control end of the DN800 vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve, and the control end of the emergency valve , the signal terminal of the first controller is also bidirectionally connected to the first signal terminal of the electrical control cabinet;
所述的试验箱采用温湿度低气压试验箱，实现温湿度环境有控条件下的温度低气压、低气压、温湿度低气压的试验要求，其包括试验箱体、加热制冷系统、空气调节系统、加湿系统、除湿系统、真空系统、增压系统、第二测量控制系统、防爆泄压装置；所述的快速减压试验装置中的试验罐体的出口端采用设阀门的管道连接试验箱体的进口；The test box adopts a temperature and humidity low pressure test box to realize the test requirements of temperature and low pressure, low pressure and temperature and humidity low pressure under the condition of controlled temperature and humidity environment, which includes a test box, a heating and cooling system, and an air conditioning system , humidification system, dehumidification system, vacuum system, pressurization system, second measurement control system, explosion-proof pressure relief device; the outlet end of the test tank in the rapid decompression test device is connected to the test box by a pipeline with a valve imports;
所述的加热制冷系统，为在试验箱体的内壁布设镍铬合金电加热管路及水冷管路，镍铬合金电加热管路的出口采用加热用管路连接设在试验箱体外的进水源，所述的加热用管路上设有加热系统阀门；水冷管路的进出口分别连接位于试验箱体外的设有制冷压缩机的制冷机组的出口进口形成水循环；所述的水冷管路上设有制冷系统阀门；The heating and cooling system is to arrange nickel-chromium alloy electric heating pipelines and water-cooling pipelines on the inner wall of the test box. Water source, the heating system valve is provided on the heating pipeline; the inlet and outlet of the water-cooling pipeline are respectively connected to the outlet and inlet of the refrigeration unit equipped with a refrigeration compressor outside the test chamber to form a water cycle; the water-cooling pipeline is equipped with There are refrigeration system valves;
所述的空气调节系统，为在试验箱体内设风扇进行强制气体循环，当试验箱体内气压≥20KPa时，对试验箱体内的空气进行强制循环，辅助加热制冷系统工作；The air-conditioning system is to install a fan in the test box for forced air circulation, when the air pressure in the test box is ≥ 20KPa, the air in the test box is forced to circulate, and the auxiliary heating and cooling system works;
所述的加湿系统，为在试验箱体的箱壁上采用加湿管道连接蒸汽喷射管的出口，蒸汽喷射管的进口连接蒸发室的出口，蒸发室内设有蒸发器，蒸发器的进口连接一压缩机的出口，压缩机的进口连接冷凝器的出口，冷凝器的进口连接一个储水槽的出口，所述的储水槽的底部设有超声波振荡片，所述的储水槽的进口连接储水箱的出口，储水箱的进口采用水泵连接水源；The humidification system described is that a humidification pipe is used on the wall of the test box to connect the outlet of the steam injection pipe, the inlet of the steam injection pipe is connected to the outlet of the evaporation chamber, an evaporator is arranged in the evaporation chamber, and the inlet of the evaporator is connected to a compressor. The outlet of the compressor, the inlet of the compressor is connected to the outlet of the condenser, the inlet of the condenser is connected to the outlet of a water storage tank, the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with an ultrasonic vibration plate, and the inlet of the water storage tank is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank , the inlet of the water storage tank is connected to the water source by a water pump;
所述的除湿系统，为在所述的试验箱体上采用管路连接设于试验箱体外的无热再生干燥器，所述的管路上设有除湿电磁阀，保证试验箱体内的试验品在升温过程中表面不结霜、无凝露；The dehumidification system is a heat-free regenerative desiccator installed outside the test box with pipelines connected to the test box, and a dehumidification solenoid valve is provided on the pipeline to ensure that the test products in the test box There is no frost or condensation on the surface during the heating process;
所述的真空系统，为在试验箱体外设真空泵，真空泵采用设有真空系统电磁阀的抽真空管连接试验箱体的箱壁；Described vacuum system is to install vacuum pump outside the test box, and the vacuum pump adopts the box wall of the test box connected by a vacuum tube provided with a vacuum system solenoid valve;
所述的增压系统，为在试验箱体外设空气增压机，空气增压机采用装配有控制电磁阀的管道连接试验箱体的箱壁；The pressurization system is to install an air booster outside the test box, and the air booster is connected to the wall of the test box by a pipeline equipped with a control solenoid valve;
所述的第二测量控制系统，包括第二控制器、设置在试验箱体内的温度传感器、湿度传感器、第三压力传感器，所述的温度传感器的输出端、湿度传感器的输出端、第三压力传感器的输出端分别连接设在试验箱体外的第二控制器的相应接线端上，第二控制器的相应输出端分别对应连接加热制冷系统的相应控制端、空气调节系统的相应控制端、加湿系统的相应控制端、除湿系统的相应控制端、真空系统的相应控制端、增压系统的相应控制端，第二控制器的信号端还双向连接电气控制柜的第二信号端；The second measurement control system includes a second controller, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a third pressure sensor arranged in the test chamber, the output end of the temperature sensor, the output end of the humidity sensor, and the third pressure sensor. The output terminals of the sensors are respectively connected to the corresponding terminals of the second controller located outside the test chamber, and the corresponding output terminals of the second controller are respectively connected to the corresponding control terminals of the heating and cooling system, the corresponding control terminals of the air conditioning system, The corresponding control terminal of the humidification system, the corresponding control terminal of the dehumidification system, the corresponding control terminal of the vacuum system, the corresponding control terminal of the pressurization system, and the signal terminal of the second controller are also bidirectionally connected to the second signal terminal of the electrical control cabinet;
所述的防爆泄压装置，包括一端连接在试验箱体上的泄压管，所述的泄压管的另一端连接快速减压试验装置中的储压罐体，所述的泄压管上设有防爆系统电磁阀；所述的防爆系统电磁阀的控制端连接所述第二控制器的信号输出端，当压力传感器测得的压力数据大于设定值时，第二控制器控制防爆系统电磁阀打开，直至压力达到设定的安全值再关闭防爆系统电磁阀。The explosion-proof pressure relief device includes a pressure relief pipe connected to the test box at one end, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the pressure storage tank in the rapid decompression test device. An explosion-proof system electromagnetic valve is provided; the control end of the explosion-proof system electromagnetic valve is connected to the signal output end of the second controller, and when the pressure data measured by the pressure sensor is greater than the set value, the second controller controls the explosion-proof system The solenoid valve is opened until the pressure reaches the set safe value before closing the solenoid valve of the explosion-proof system.
所述的第二控制器采用PID算法的控制系统。The second controller adopts the control system of PID algorithm.
所述的加热制冷系统采用热气旁通调节，其采用第二控制器根据设定的温度点通过PID自动运算输出的结果去控制加热的输出量；并根据设定的温湿度通过PID自动运算输出的结果去控制制冷系统的冷量/除湿输出，最终达到一种节能的动态平衡。The heating and cooling system adopts hot gas bypass adjustment, which uses the second controller to control the heating output through the PID automatic calculation output according to the set temperature point; and according to the set temperature and humidity through the PID automatic calculation output The result is to control the cooling capacity/dehumidification output of the refrigeration system, and finally achieve a dynamic balance of energy saving.
所述的快速减压试验装置实现快速减压和爆炸减压时，第一控制器采用如下计算公式：P1*V1+P2*V2＝P3(V1+V2)，其中P1为试验罐体的高压压力、V1为试验罐体的体积，P2为储压罐体在准备阶段的低气压压力、V2为储压罐体的体积、P3为试验罐体与储压罐体之间连通后，试验罐体与储压罐体内的平衡压力，第一控制器根据上述公式，结合减压所需完成的时间，控制DN40真空阀和DN800真空快开蝶阀的开启数量及开启程度。When the rapid decompression test device realizes rapid decompression and explosive decompression, the first controller adopts the following calculation formula: P1*V1+P2*V2=P3(V1+V2), where P1 is the high pressure of the test tank body Pressure, V1 is the volume of the test tank, P2 is the low pressure of the pressure storage tank in the preparation stage, V2 is the volume of the pressure storage tank, and P3 is the test tank after the connection between the test tank and the pressure storage tank. The first controller controls the opening quantity and opening degree of the DN40 vacuum valve and the DN800 vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve according to the above formula and the time required to complete the decompression.
所述的试验箱体≤3m3；所述的试验罐体的容积≤2.5m3；所述的储压罐体的容积≥12m3。The test box body is ≤3m 3 ; the volume of the test tank body is ≤2.5m 3 ; the volume of the pressure storage tank body is ≥12m 3 .
所述的试验箱体的顶部设有至少2个高真空单向阀，所述的高真空单向阀的直径≥10cm。The top of the test chamber is provided with at least two high vacuum one-way valves, and the diameter of the high vacuum one-way valves is ≥10cm.
所述的蒸发器采用翅片式换热器。The evaporator adopts a finned heat exchanger.
所述的冷凝器采用钎焊板式换热器。The condenser adopts a brazed plate heat exchanger.
所述的连接空气增压机的管道上还设有空气干燥过滤器。The pipeline connected to the air booster is also provided with an air drying filter.
所述的制冷压缩机组设有相互串联的2套形成复叠制冷机组。The refrigerating compressor unit is provided with two sets connected in series to form a cascaded refrigerating unit.
本发明与现有技术相比，不但能模拟单一的试验环境，还能模拟复杂的试验环境，且具备防爆功能，操作方便。Compared with the prior art, the present invention can not only simulate a single test environment, but also simulate a complex test environment, has an explosion-proof function, and is easy to operate.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种防爆高低温低气压试验系统，包括试验箱、电气控制柜，所述的试验箱内采用轨道车连接样品架，所述的电气控制柜设有触摸屏，其还包括快速减压试验装置，实现温湿度环境无控条件下的极低气压、快速减压和爆炸减压试验，An explosion-proof high-low temperature and low-pressure test system includes a test box and an electrical control cabinet. A rail car is used to connect the sample rack in the test box. The electrical control cabinet is provided with a touch screen, and it also includes a rapid decompression test device. Realize extremely low pressure, rapid decompression and explosive decompression tests under uncontrolled temperature and humidity conditions,
一、快速减压试验装置1. Rapid decompression test device
其包括试验罐体、储压罐体、真空快开蝶阀、储压辅助罐体、液氮罐、第一测量控制系统；It includes a test tank, a pressure storage tank, a vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve, a pressure storage auxiliary tank, a liquid nitrogen tank, and the first measurement control system;
所述的试验罐体与储压罐体之间设有若干排压管，所述的排压管包括两根直径4cm的设有DN40真空阀的排压管及两根直径80cm的设有DN800真空快开蝶阀的排压管；所述的试验罐体上还设有进气口，进气口采用设有进气电磁阀的管路连接设在试验罐体外的增压泵；A number of pressure relief pipes are provided between the test tank and the pressure storage tank, and the pressure relief pipes include two pressure relief pipes with a diameter of 4 cm provided with a DN40 vacuum valve and two pipes with a diameter of 80 cm provided with a DN800 vacuum valve. The pressure discharge pipe of the vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve; the test tank body is also provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet adopts a pipeline provided with an air inlet electromagnetic valve to connect to a booster pump located outside the test tank;
所述的储压罐体还采用设有应急阀门的辅助管道连接一储压辅助罐体，所述的储压辅助罐体的罐壁采用设有腔体的双层结构，腔体上设有液氮进口，所述的液氮进口连接液氮罐的出口；所述的储压辅助罐体的底部还设有加热管；The pressure storage tank body is also connected to a pressure storage auxiliary tank body by an auxiliary pipeline provided with an emergency valve, and the tank wall of the pressure storage auxiliary tank body adopts a double-layer structure with a cavity, and the cavity body is provided with Liquid nitrogen inlet, the liquid nitrogen inlet is connected to the outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank; the bottom of the pressure storage auxiliary tank is also provided with a heating pipe;
所述的第一测量控制系统，包括设置在试验罐体内的第一压力传感器，设计在储压罐体内的第二压力传感器，位于试验罐体外的、连接第一压力传感器的输出端及第二压力传感器输出端的第一控制器，第一控制器的若干输出端分别对应连接增压泵、进气电磁阀、DN40真空阀的控制端、DN800真空快开蝶阀的控制端、应急阀门的控制端，第一控制器的信号端还双向连接电气控制柜的第一信号端。The first measurement control system includes a first pressure sensor arranged in the test tank, a second pressure sensor designed in the pressure storage tank, an output end connected to the first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor located outside the test tank. The first controller at the output end of the pressure sensor, several output ends of the first controller are respectively connected to the booster pump, the intake solenoid valve, the control end of the DN40 vacuum valve, the control end of the DN800 vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve, and the control end of the emergency valve , the signal terminal of the first controller is also bidirectionally connected to the first signal terminal of the electrical control cabinet.
二、温湿度低气压试验箱2. Temperature and humidity low pressure test chamber
所述的试验箱采用温湿度低气压试验箱，实现温湿度环境有控条件下的温度低气压、低气压、温湿度低气压的试验要求，其包括试验箱体、加热制冷系统、空气调节系统、加湿系统、除湿系统、真空系统、增压系统、第二测量控制系统、防爆泄压装置；所述的快速减压试验装置中的试验罐体的出口端采用设阀门的管道连接试验箱体的进口；The test box adopts a temperature and humidity low pressure test box to realize the test requirements of temperature and low pressure, low pressure and temperature and humidity low pressure under the condition of controlled temperature and humidity environment, which includes a test box, a heating and cooling system, and an air conditioning system , humidification system, dehumidification system, vacuum system, pressurization system, second measurement control system, explosion-proof pressure relief device; the outlet end of the test tank in the rapid decompression test device is connected to the test box by a pipeline with a valve imports;
所述的加热制冷系统，为在试验箱体的内壁布设镍铬合金电加热管路及水冷管路，镍铬合金电加热管路的出口采用加热用管路连接设在试验箱体外的进水源，所述的加热用管路上设有加热系统阀门；水冷管路的进出口分别连接位于试验箱体外的设有制冷压缩机的制冷机组的出口进口形成水循环；所述的水冷管路上设有制冷系统阀门；本例中制冷机组与试验箱体的连接处设有吸音棉，以防止噪音。The heating and cooling system is to arrange nickel-chromium alloy electric heating pipelines and water-cooling pipelines on the inner wall of the test box. Water source, the heating system valve is provided on the heating pipeline; the inlet and outlet of the water-cooling pipeline are respectively connected to the outlet and inlet of the refrigeration unit equipped with a refrigeration compressor outside the test chamber to form a water cycle; the water-cooling pipeline is equipped with There are refrigeration system valves; in this example, sound-absorbing cotton is provided at the connection between the refrigeration unit and the test box to prevent noise.
所述的空气调节系统，为在试验箱体内设风扇进行强制气体循环，当试验箱体内气压≥20KPa时，对试验箱体内的空气进行强制循环，辅助加热制冷系统工作；The air-conditioning system is to install a fan in the test box for forced air circulation, when the air pressure in the test box is ≥ 20KPa, the air in the test box is forced to circulate, and the auxiliary heating and cooling system works;
所述的加湿系统，为在试验箱体的箱壁上采用加湿管道连接蒸汽喷射管的出口，蒸汽喷射管的进口连接蒸发室的出口，蒸发室内设有蒸发器，蒸发器的进口连接一压缩机的出口，压缩机的进口连接冷凝器的出口，冷凝器的进口连接一个储水槽的出口，所述的储水槽的底部设有超声波振荡片，所述的储水槽的进口连接储水箱的出口，储水箱的进口采用水泵连接水源；这种加湿方式，相比较传统的水盆加湿的方法，即可以满足湿度低气压要求，且低气压可靠性强；The humidification system described is that a humidification pipe is used on the wall of the test box to connect the outlet of the steam injection pipe, the inlet of the steam injection pipe is connected to the outlet of the evaporation chamber, an evaporator is arranged in the evaporation chamber, and the inlet of the evaporator is connected to a compressor. The outlet of the compressor, the inlet of the compressor is connected to the outlet of the condenser, the inlet of the condenser is connected to the outlet of a water storage tank, the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with an ultrasonic vibration plate, and the inlet of the water storage tank is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank , the inlet of the water storage tank is connected to the water source by a water pump; this humidification method, compared with the traditional basin humidification method, can meet the requirements of humidity and low air pressure, and has strong reliability at low air pressure;
所述的除湿系统，为在所述的试验箱体上采用管路连接设于试验箱体外的无热再生干燥器，所述的管路上设有除湿电磁阀，保证试验箱体内的试验品在升温过程中表面不结霜、无凝露；The dehumidification system is a heat-free regenerative desiccator installed outside the test box with pipelines connected to the test box, and a dehumidification solenoid valve is provided on the pipeline to ensure that the test products in the test box There is no frost or condensation on the surface during the heating process;
所述的真空系统，为在试验箱体外设真空泵，真空泵采用设有真空系统电磁阀的抽真空管连接试验箱体的箱壁；当需要低气压时，可通过真空泵来实现抽气；The described vacuum system is to install a vacuum pump outside the test box, and the vacuum pump adopts a vacuum tube provided with a vacuum system solenoid valve to connect the box wall of the test box; when low air pressure is needed, the vacuum pump can be used to realize air extraction;
所述的增压系统，为在试验箱体外设空气增压机，空气增压机采用装配有控制电磁阀的管道连接试验箱体的箱壁；The pressurization system is to install an air booster outside the test box, and the air booster is connected to the wall of the test box by a pipeline equipped with a control solenoid valve;
所述的第二测量控制系统，包括第二控制器、设置在试验箱体内的温度传感器、湿度传感器、第三压力传感器，所述的温度传感器的输出端、湿度传感器的输出端、第三压力传感器的输出端分别连接设在试验箱体外的第二控制器的相应接线端上，第二控制器的相应输出端分别对应连接加热制冷系统的相应控制端、空气调节系统的相应控制端、加湿系统的相应控制端、除湿系统的相应控制端、真空系统的相应控制端、增压系统的相应控制端，第二控制器的信号端还双向连接电气控制柜的第二信号端；The second measurement control system includes a second controller, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a third pressure sensor arranged in the test chamber, the output end of the temperature sensor, the output end of the humidity sensor, and the third pressure sensor. The output terminals of the sensors are respectively connected to the corresponding terminals of the second controller located outside the test chamber, and the corresponding output terminals of the second controller are respectively connected to the corresponding control terminals of the heating and cooling system, the corresponding control terminals of the air conditioning system, The corresponding control terminal of the humidification system, the corresponding control terminal of the dehumidification system, the corresponding control terminal of the vacuum system, the corresponding control terminal of the pressurization system, and the signal terminal of the second controller are also bidirectionally connected to the second signal terminal of the electrical control cabinet;
所述的防爆泄压装置，包括一端连接在试验箱体上的泄压管，所述的泄压管的另一端连接快速减压试验装置中的储压罐体，所述的泄压管上设有防爆系统电磁阀；所述的防爆系统电磁阀的控制端连接所述第二控制器的信号输出端，当压力传感器测得的压力数据大于设定值时，第二控制器控制防爆系统电磁阀打开，直至压力达到设定的安全值再关闭防爆系统电磁阀。The explosion-proof pressure relief device includes a pressure relief pipe connected to the test box at one end, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the pressure storage tank in the rapid decompression test device. An explosion-proof system electromagnetic valve is provided; the control end of the explosion-proof system electromagnetic valve is connected to the signal output end of the second controller, and when the pressure data measured by the pressure sensor is greater than the set value, the second controller controls the explosion-proof system The solenoid valve is opened until the pressure reaches the set safe value before closing the solenoid valve of the explosion-proof system.
本发明中将第一控制器与第二控制器的控制端与电气控制柜连接在一起，方便通过电气控制柜上的触摸屏集中控制，同时快速减压试验装置及温湿度低气压试验箱各自采用一个控制器，能提高处理效率。本例中，当试验箱体内的真空度≥20KPa时，加热制冷系统除了采用镍铬合金电加热管路加热及水冷管路制冷外，还可通风扇进行强制空气循环，进行温度控制。当真空度＜20KPa空气稀少时，在试验箱体内就依靠镍铬合金电加热管路加热及水冷管路制冷，这种辐射的方式传导热能或冷量，提高工作室温度偏差。In the present invention, the control terminals of the first controller and the second controller are connected together with the electric control cabinet, which is convenient for centralized control through the touch screen on the electric control cabinet, and at the same time, the rapid decompression test device and the temperature, humidity and low pressure test chamber each use a The controller can improve the processing efficiency. In this example, when the vacuum degree in the test chamber is ≥20KPa, the heating and cooling system can not only use nickel-chromium alloy electric heating pipeline for heating and water-cooling pipeline for cooling, but also ventilation fan for forced air circulation and temperature control. When the vacuum degree is less than 20KPa, when the air is scarce, the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating pipeline is used for heating and the water-cooling pipeline is used for cooling in the test chamber. This radiation conducts heat or cooling capacity and increases the temperature deviation of the working room.
当试验品需要模拟在高压环境下对其性能的影响时，通过增压泵对试验罐体进行增压，从而对试验箱体进行增压，直至到达设定的压力。同时储压罐体是防止试验罐体内压力高于设定值时，快速将试验罐体内的压力释放到储压罐体内，当然储压罐体事先需要控制在一定的低气压状态。在极端情况下，储压罐体内的压力达到极限值时，再通过将储压罐体内的气体排放到储压辅助罐体内，并通过对储压辅助罐体内的气体进行极速降温冷冻，减少气体体积，防止发生危险的情况。本发明通过控制DN40真空阀及DN800真空快开蝶阀可以实现15秒内快速降压，也可以做到0.1秒内爆炸降压；When the test product needs to simulate the impact on its performance in a high-pressure environment, the test tank is pressurized by the booster pump, so as to pressurize the test box until it reaches the set pressure. At the same time, the pressure storage tank is to prevent the pressure in the test tank from being higher than the set value, and quickly release the pressure in the test tank to the pressure storage tank. Of course, the pressure storage tank needs to be controlled in a certain low pressure state in advance. In extreme cases, when the pressure in the pressure storage tank reaches the limit value, the gas in the pressure storage tank is discharged into the pressure storage auxiliary tank, and the gas in the pressure storage auxiliary tank is rapidly cooled and frozen to reduce the gas volume to prevent dangerous situations from occurring. By controlling the DN40 vacuum valve and the DN800 vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve, the present invention can achieve rapid pressure reduction within 15 seconds, and can also achieve explosive pressure reduction within 0.1 second;
进一步的，所述的快速减压试验装置实现快速减压和爆炸减压时，第一控制器采用如下计算公式：P1*V1+P2*V2＝P3(V1+V2)，其中P1为试验罐体的高压压力、V1为试验罐体的体积，P2为储压罐体在准备阶段的低气压压力、V2为储压罐体的体积、P3为试验罐体与储压罐体之间连通后，试验罐体与储压罐体内的平衡压力，第一控制器根据上述公式，结合减压所需完成的时间，控制DN40真空阀和DN800真空快开蝶阀的开启数量及开启程度。本公式中未计入储压辅助罐体，但其原理是一致的。Further, when the rapid decompression test device realizes rapid decompression and explosive decompression, the first controller adopts the following calculation formula: P1*V1+P2*V2=P3(V1+V2), where P1 is the test tank The high pressure of the tank, V1 is the volume of the test tank, P2 is the low pressure of the pressure storage tank in the preparation stage, V2 is the volume of the pressure storage tank, and P3 is the connection between the test tank and the pressure storage tank. , the balance pressure in the test tank body and the pressure storage tank body, the first controller controls the number and degree of opening of the DN40 vacuum valve and the DN800 vacuum quick-opening butterfly valve according to the above formula and the time required to complete the decompression. The pressure storage auxiliary tank is not included in this formula, but the principle is the same.
进一步的，所述的第二控制器采用PID算法的控制系统。Further, the second controller adopts a PID algorithm control system.
进一步的，所述的加热制冷系统采用热气旁通调节，其采用第二控制器根据设定的温度点通过PID自动运算输出的结果去控制加热的输出量；并根据设定的温湿度通过PID自动运算输出的结果去控制制冷系统的冷量/除湿输出，最终达到一种节能的动态平衡。Further, the heating and cooling system adopts hot gas bypass adjustment, which uses the second controller to control the heating output through the PID automatic calculation output according to the set temperature point; and according to the set temperature and humidity through the PID The results of the automatic calculation output are used to control the cooling capacity/dehumidification output of the refrigeration system, and finally achieve a dynamic balance of energy saving.
进一步的，所述的试验箱体≤3m3；所述的试验罐体的容积≤2.5m3；所述的储压罐体的容积≥12m3。Further, the test chamber is ≤3m 3 ; the volume of the test tank is ≤2.5m 3 ; the volume of the pressure storage tank is ≥12m 3 .
进一步的，所述的试验箱体的顶部设有至少2个高真空单向阀，所述的高真空单向阀的直径≥10cm，当完成试验，试验箱体内不需要大压力时，即可通过2个高真空单向阀直接排出，直至试验箱体内的气压≤100kPa。Further, the top of the test chamber is provided with at least 2 high vacuum one-way valves, and the diameter of the high vacuum one-way valve is ≥ 10cm. When the test is completed and no large pressure is required in the test chamber, it can be It is directly discharged through two high-vacuum one-way valves until the air pressure in the test chamber is ≤100kPa.
进一步的，所述的蒸发器采用翅片式换热器。Further, the evaporator adopts a finned heat exchanger.
进一步的，所述的冷凝器采用钎焊板式换热器。Further, the condenser adopts a brazed plate heat exchanger.
进一步的，所述的连接空气增压机的管道上还设有空气干燥过滤器。Further, the pipeline connected to the air booster is also provided with an air drying filter.
进一步的，所述的制冷压缩机组设有相互串联的2套形成复叠制冷机组。所述的复叠式制冷机组通常由两个单独的制冷系统组成，分别称为高温级及低温级部分。高温部分使用中温制冷剂，低温部分使用低温制冷剂。制冷剂的蒸发是用来使低温部分系统中制冷剂冷凝，用一个冷凝蒸发器将两部分联系起来，它既是高温部分的蒸发器，又是低温部分的冷凝器。低温部分的制冷剂在冷凝蒸发器内向被冷却对象吸取热量，即制取冷量，并将此热量传给高温部分制冷剂，然后再由高温部分制冷剂将热量传给冷却介质。由于复叠制冷机组为现有技术，故本发明中不再赘述。Further, the refrigeration compressor unit is provided with two sets connected in series to form a cascaded refrigeration unit. The cascade refrigerating unit is usually composed of two separate refrigerating systems, called high temperature stage and low temperature stage respectively. The high-temperature part uses a medium-temperature refrigerant, and the low-temperature part uses a low-temperature refrigerant. The evaporation of the refrigerant is used to condense the refrigerant in the low-temperature part of the system. A condensing evaporator is used to connect the two parts. It is both an evaporator for the high-temperature part and a condenser for the low-temperature part. The refrigerant in the low-temperature part absorbs heat from the object to be cooled in the condensing evaporator, that is, produces cooling capacity, and transfers this heat to the refrigerant in the high-temperature part, and then the refrigerant in the high-temperature part transfers heat to the cooling medium. Since the cascade refrigerating unit is a prior art, it will not be repeated in the present invention.
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