CN107225755A - A kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus and technique - Google Patents
A kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus and technique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107225755A CN107225755A CN201710621424.3A CN201710621424A CN107225755A CN 107225755 A CN107225755 A CN 107225755A CN 201710621424 A CN201710621424 A CN 201710621424A CN 107225755 A CN107225755 A CN 107225755A
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- discharging
- chuck
- screw rod
- extrusion molding
- molding apparatus
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000028016 temperature homeostasis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000320516 Eothenomys eva Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus and technique, the equipment is made up of support unit, discharging unit, moving cell, material containing plane etc..The 3D shaped devices have discharging unit vertical direction can free and stable lifting, material containing plane horizontal plane can free and stable movement, single screw rod vertically extrudes feeding, motion control accuracy is high, discharge velocity is adjustable, discharging variable dimension, temperature-controllable, is applicable the features such as material scope is wide.Can as extruded type 3D printing system core component, complete preset any finished pieces with complex shapes 3D printing manufacture.3D printing shaping of the 3D extruding-out process suitable for powdery or graininess heat molten type material (including low melting point hot melt material).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing apparatus field, vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus and shaping work are related generally to
Skill.
Background technology
The 3D printing forming technique of current main flow has Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology, selective laser sintering (SLA) skill
Art, Stereolithography (SLA) technology and layer separated growth (LOM) etc., only FDM are the 3D printing skills for hot melt material
Art, the technology has following limitation：
(1) filamentary material is only applicable to, can not be printed for powdery, graininess hot melt material；
(2) material containing platform is fixed, and printhead carries out three-dimensional movement in XYZ directions, this heavy for screw rod extrusion type
The big discharging unit mobile accuracy of amount is uncontrollable；
(3) extrusion area of bed is fixed, it is impossible to changed；
(4) point type electrical heating is used, temperature is up to more than 200 DEG C, and heating-up temperature is uncontrollable.
So, for middle low melting point, graininess or powdery hot-melt material, current published heat molten type 3D printer without
Method is molded.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to realize graininess or powdery hot-melt material (including middle low melting point hot melt
Type material) continuous-stable 3D printing extrusion molding, brand-new 3D printing technique means are provided for this kind of material, the present invention is utilized
Device and technique, graininess and granular material without into wire process can directly as 3D printing material.
Vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention includes support unit, discharging unit, motion list
Member, material containing plane.Support unit includes main support and supporting support, and main support provides framework and support, support for whole device
Support provides support for the connection of discharging unit and vertical moving unit.Discharging unit includes discharging machine, charging hopper, chuck
Intake-outlet, machine barrel, conveying screw rod, chuck, electrical heating wire, extruder head connector, extruder head.Moving cell includes XY to straight line
Driver and Z-direction servomotor, Z-direction ball-screw, Z-direction guide rail, connecting plate etc., wherein XY are respectively provided with to inside linear actuator
Independent ball-screw, guide rail, servomotor and shaft coupling.
The material containing plane is moved in X, Y-direction, and discharging unit is overall in Z-direction movement, and passes through connecting plate and moving cell
It is fixed；The movement in tri- directions of XYZ accurately controls to transfer displacement by ball-screw, two layers of leading screw respectively set a guide rail from
And the movement of material containing plane and discharging unit is more stablized, vibration is prevented, XYZ three-dimensional motions stablize accurate.
The conveying screw rod uses single screw rod, and rotating speed 1-13r/min is adjustable, is arranged vertically with material containing plane；Machine barrel top
Set diagonal position above and below chuck control material delivery temperature, chuck that heat exchange water entrance is set, electrical heating wire is used to heat thing
Material makes its melting discharging, is arranged on the upper end of adjacent extruder head, ensures that material is continuous using the heat exchange mode heated after first temperature control
Conveying and control discharging viscosity, while preventing raw material premature melt from bonding conveying screw rod reduction carrying capacity, according to actual material
Situation determines logical cooling water or heating water, and the flow of temperature control water is determined according to the softening temperature of actual material.
In the present invention, the vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus, discharging silk material minimum dimension is reachable
0.05mm, the 0.1mm than the hot melt 3D printing of current main flow is thin, the extruder head of replaceable different bores, and discharge diameter model
0.05-0.5mm is enclosed, discharge velocity is adjustable, adjustable range 0-5mm/s is applicable material scope extensively,
In the present invention, the vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus, can be used as extruded type 3D printing system
Core component, completes to preset the 3D printing manufacture of any finished pieces with complex shapes.
In the present invention, the vertical screw discharge type 3D extruding-out process, comprises the following steps：
Step one：Raw material adds charging hopper, and the temperature of machine barrel is controlled to chuck water flowing, is selected according to the characteristic of different material
Select hot water or cooling water, controlling opening of valve control chuck coolant-temperature gage, 0-90 DEG C of thermoregulation range, electrical heating wire electrified regulation,
90-200 DEG C of thermoregulation range
Step 2：Start the frequency converter of discharging machine, set conveying screw rod rotating speed, material softens in machine barrel, in conveying
Fill, extrude, push in the presence of screw rod, continuously discharged from extruder head.
Step 3：According to 3D shaped article shapes, using Repetier-Host software programming algorithms, journey while discharging
Sequence controls material containing plane, in the regular accurate movement of Z-direction, to realize the 3D of different shape parts in XY directions and discharging unit
Lamination increases material shaping.
The technique is applied to powdery or the 3D shapings of graininess thermoplastic material, because jacket water (J.W.) and electrical heating wire temperature can
Control is adjustable, is particularly suitable for use in the 3D shapings of hot melt material of the fusing point less than 100 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is embodied in：
(1) powdery and the 3D printing extrusion molding of graininess thermoplastic can be achieved；
(2) material containing platform is moved in X/Y plane, and discharging unit is overall in Z-direction movement, and material containing plane and discharging unit are mutual
Three-dimensional motion control is realized in cooperation, has higher control accuracy for screw rod extrusion type discharging unit.
(3) using the machine barrel heat exchange mode heated after first temperature control, chuck temperature control makes material reach softening temperature, beneficial to filling
With conveying, using motor heat so that material is melted rapidly, shorten the length of bringing-up section, be particularly suitable for use in middle low melting point thermoplasticity
The 3D printing extrusion molding of material.
(4) extruder head can cover according to real needs processing, replaceable, can carry out the 3D printing examination of different extrusion area of beds
Test.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus front views.
Fig. 2 is suitable vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus XY moving cell top views.
1. main support, 2. supporting supports, 3. discharging machines, 4. charging hoppers, 5. chuck delivery ports, 6. conveying screw rods, 7.
Machine barrel, 8. chucks, 9. chuck water inlets, 10. electrical heating wires, 11. extruder head connectors, 12. extruder heads, 13. material containing planes,
14.X is to linear actuator, and 15.Y is to linear actuator, and 16.Z is to servomotor, 17. connecting plates, 18.Z direction guiding rails, 19.Z to
Ball-screw.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
In the present invention, a kind of described vertical screw discharging 3D extrusion molding apparatus include support unit, discharging unit,
Moving cell, material containing plane.Support unit includes main support and supporting support, and main support provides framework and branch for whole device
Support, supporting support provides support for the connection of discharging unit and vertical moving unit.Discharging unit includes discharging machine, charging leakage
Bucket, chuck intake-outlet, machine barrel, conveying screw rod, chuck, electrical heating wire, extruder head connector, extruder head.Moving cell includes
XY is to linear actuator and Z-direction servomotor, Z-direction ball-screw, Z-direction guide rail, connecting plate etc., and wherein XY is into linear actuator
Portion is respectively provided with independent ball-screw, guide rail, servomotor and shaft coupling.
The material containing plane is moved in X, Y-direction, and discharging unit is overall in Z-direction movement, and passes through connecting plate and moving cell
It is fixed；The movement in tri- directions of XYZ accurately controls to transfer displacement by ball-screw, two layers of leading screw respectively set a guide rail from
And the movement of material containing plane and discharging unit is more stablized, vibration is prevented, XYZ three-dimensional motions stablize accurate.
The conveying screw rod uses single screw rod, and rotating speed 1-13r/min is adjustable, is arranged vertically with material containing plane；Machine barrel top
Set diagonal position above and below chuck control material delivery temperature, chuck that heat exchange water entrance is set, electrical heating wire is used to heat thing
Material makes its melting discharging, is arranged on the upper end of adjacent extruder head, ensures that material is continuous using the heat exchange mode heated after first temperature control
Conveying and control discharging viscosity, while preventing raw material premature melt from bonding conveying screw rod reduction carrying capacity, according to actual material
Situation determines logical cooling water or heating water, and the flow of temperature control water is determined according to the softening temperature of actual material.
In the present invention, the vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus, discharging silk material minimum dimension is reachable
0.05mm, the 0.1mm than the hot melt 3D printing of current main flow is thin, the extruder head of replaceable different bores, and discharge diameter model
0.05-0.5mm is enclosed, discharge velocity is adjustable, adjustable range 0-5mm/s is applicable material scope wide.
In the present invention, the vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus, can be used as extruded type 3D printing system
Core component, completes to preset the 3D printing manufacture of any finished pieces with complex shapes.
In the present invention, the vertical screw discharge type 3D extruding-out process, comprises the following steps：
Step one：Raw material adds charging hopper, and the temperature of machine barrel is controlled to chuck water flowing, is selected according to the characteristic of different material
Select hot water or cooling water, controlling opening of valve control chuck coolant-temperature gage, 0-90 DEG C of thermoregulation range, electrical heating wire electrified regulation,
90-200 DEG C of thermoregulation range
Step 2：Start the frequency converter of discharging machine, set conveying screw rod rotating speed, material softens in machine barrel, in conveying
Fill, extrude, push in the presence of screw rod, continuously discharged from extruder head.
Step 3：According to 3D shaped article shapes, using Repetier-Host software programming algorithms, journey while discharging
Sequence controls material containing plane, in the regular accurate movement of Z-direction, to realize the 3D of different shape parts in XY directions and discharging unit
Lamination increases material shaping.
The technique is applied to powdery or the 3D shapings of graininess thermoplastic material, because jacket water (J.W.) and electrical heating wire temperature can
Control is adjustable, is particularly suitable for use in the 3D shapings of hot melt material of the fusing point less than 100 DEG C.
The mechanism of the present invention is illustrated with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Extruded using vertical screw discharge type 3D
Shaped device prints a powder column with five-pointed star endoporus, apparent size 30 × 30mm of Φ, endoporus Φ 15mm.Select EVA powder
Material is less than 40 DEG C as experiment material, 200 μm of material particular diameter, 67 DEG C of fusing point, softening point.Also include mould during actual tests
Warm machine, industrial computer, control software and all kinds of pipelines.The extruder head 12 of 0.1mm bores is fixed into peace by extruder head connector 11
On machine barrel 7, product threedimensional model need to be printed by being set up in control software Repetier-Host, carry out print routine setting.
Chuck water inlet 9 connects die heater delivery port, and chuck delivery port 5 connects die heater water inlet, and control die heater valve opening makes temperature
Reach 35 DEG C.EVA is put into charging hopper 4, starts discharging machine 3, material while the drive material of conveying screw rod 6 is conveyed downwards
Softening, material incorporates rapidly by electrical heating wire 10.Print button is clicked in control software when starting discharging, starts printing
Flow, discharging unit starts in the regular accurate fortune in tri- directions of XYZ with material containing plane 13 under the control of industrial computer program
It is dynamic.
Gained extrusion EVA section bars are in filament shape, using a diameter of 0.102mm of vernier caliper measurement, with extrusion area of bed phase
It is 2% to deviation；By about 30min printing, the powder column printing with five-pointed star endoporus is completed, and measured, the powder column is real
Border size is 30.01 × 29.98mm of Φ, and precision relative deviation is 0.067% to the maximum, and powder column meets the required precision of design, beats
Print operation terminates.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus, it is characterised in that：Device include support unit, discharging unit,
Moving cell, material containing plane [13].Support unit includes main support [1] and supporting support [2], and main support [1] is whole device
Framework and support are provided, supporting support [2] provides support for the connection of discharging unit and vertical moving unit.Discharging unit includes
Discharging machine [3], charging hopper [4], chuck intake-outlet [9] [5], machine barrel [7], conveying screw rod [6], chuck [8], electrical heating
Silk [10], extruder head connector [11], extruder head [12].Moving cell is watched including XY to linear actuator [14] [15] with Z-direction
Take motor [16], Z-direction ball-screw [19], Z-direction guide rail [18], connecting plate [17] etc., wherein XY is to linear actuator [14]
[15] it is internal to be respectively provided with independent ball-screw, guide rail, servomotor and shaft coupling.
The material containing plane [13] is moved in X, Y-direction, and discharging unit is overall in Z-direction movement, and passes through connecting plate [17] and motion
Unit is fixed；The movement in tri- directions of XYZ is accurately controlled to transfer displacement by ball-screw, and two layers of each setting one of leading screw is led
Rail.
The conveying screw rod [6] uses single screw rod, and rotating speed 1-13r/min is adjustable, is arranged vertically with material containing plane [13]；Machine barrel
[7] top sets chuck [8] to lead to heat-exchanging water, and diagonal position sets heat exchange water entrance [9] [5], electrical heating wire to chuck [8] up and down
[10] upper end of adjacent extruder head [12] is arranged on, using the heat exchange mode heated after first temperature control.
2. vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The silk material that discharges is minimum
Size is up to 0.05mm, the extruder head of replaceable different bores, discharging diameter range 0.05-0.5mm；Discharge velocity is adjustable, adjusts
Adjusting range 0-5mm/s, is applicable material scope wide.
3. vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Extruded type can be used as
The core component of 3D printing system, completes to preset the 3D printing manufacture of any finished pieces with complex shapes.
4. a kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extruding-out process, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one：Raw material adds charging hopper [4], the temperature of machine barrel [7] is controlled to chuck [8] water flowing, according to different material
Characteristic selects hot water or cooling water, controlling opening of valve control chuck coolant-temperature gage, 0-90 DEG C of thermoregulation range, electrical heating wire [10]
Electrified regulation, 90-200 DEG C of thermoregulation range.
Step 2：Start the frequency converter of discharging machine [3], set conveying screw rod [6] rotating speed, material softens in machine barrel, defeated
Filling, extruding, push in the presence of screw rod [6] are sent, is continuously discharged from extruder head [12].
Step 3：According to 3D shaped article shapes, using Repetier-Host scheduling algorithms, programme-control is carried while discharging
Expect that plane [13], in the regular accurate movement of Z-direction, realizes the 3D laminations of different shape parts in XY directions and discharging unit
Increase material shaping.
The technique is applied to powdery or the 3D shapings of graininess thermoplastic material, is particularly suitable for use in the hot melt that fusing point is less than 100 DEG C
Property material 3D shaping.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710621424.3A CN107225755A (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2017-07-27 | A kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus and technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710621424.3A CN107225755A (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2017-07-27 | A kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus and technique |
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| CN107225755A true CN107225755A (en) | 2017-10-03 |
Family
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| CN201710621424.3A Pending CN107225755A (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2017-07-27 | A kind of vertical screw discharge type 3D extrusion molding apparatus and technique |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108859104A (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2018-11-23 | 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 | Frame integrated form FDM printing device |
| CN111791481A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-20 | 杭州德迪智能科技有限公司 | Hot melt extrusion equipment and molding equipment |
| CN112341297A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | A safe and efficient method for forming energetic grains |
| CN113512395A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-10-19 | 广西藤县通轩立信化学有限公司 | Hot melt adhesive for 3D printing |
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2017
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| CN103978691A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-08-13 | 余金文 | 3D (Three-Dimensional) printer based on rotation and continuous extrusion of threaded rod |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108859104A (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2018-11-23 | 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 | Frame integrated form FDM printing device |
| CN111791481A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-20 | 杭州德迪智能科技有限公司 | Hot melt extrusion equipment and molding equipment |
| CN112341297A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | A safe and efficient method for forming energetic grains |
| CN113512395A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-10-19 | 广西藤县通轩立信化学有限公司 | Hot melt adhesive for 3D printing |
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