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CN107225243A - A kind of foam metal material preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of foam metal material preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107225243A
CN107225243A CN201710377466.7A CN201710377466A CN107225243A CN 107225243 A CN107225243 A CN 107225243A CN 201710377466 A CN201710377466 A CN 201710377466A CN 107225243 A CN107225243 A CN 107225243A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
metal material
foam metal
powder
foam
scraper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710377466.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
贺会军
徐蕾
刘英杰
王志刚
安宁
朱学新
赵新明
刘建
张金辉
金帅
李宏华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEIJING COMPO ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Original Assignee
BEIJING COMPO ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEIJING COMPO ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY CO LTD filed Critical BEIJING COMPO ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority to CN201710377466.7A priority Critical patent/CN107225243A/en
Publication of CN107225243A publication Critical patent/CN107225243A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/70Recycling
    • B22F10/73Recycling of powder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67Blades
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/11Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1103Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/64Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of foam metal material, controllable hole size can be obtained using the technique of 3D printing using metal dust and hole is distributed, obtain the second best in quality foam metal material, solve the problem of foam metal hole size and bad guarantee of its uniformity;And hole is distributed and shape can be designed the foam metal material for obtaining various performances according to the purposes of material.

Description

A kind of foam metal material preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal powder material field, more particularly to a kind of foam metal material preparation method.
Background technology
The characteristics such as the lightweight that foam metal material had both had with general porous material, have excellent mechanical performance again With the physical property such as heat, electricity, and it is more easily regenerated into than polymeric foam, expands the application of porous material.With light weight, It is a variety of physical compared with high specific strength, damping shock absorption, HI high impact energy absorption and excellent sound-absorbing, heat-insulated, radiating, electromagnetic shielding etc. Can, oneself is applied in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile making, track traffics.In recent years, new technology, which develops, causes foam The quality of metal is taken a favorable turn, and new diseases condition is also changed a lot.For example:In auto industry, due to peace Increasingly increased demand in terms of complete and environmental protection, people start consideration and utilize foam metal.
Manufacture foam metal material can use the principle of the foam melt method method to be to add foaming agent in molten metal, make Its heated produces is decomposed, and forms bubble in the solution, then cooled and solidified.It has the disadvantage that foaming process is difficult to control to, in solution Foaming agent decompose and produce bubble, bubble gradually floats and the coalescence in floating-upward process, causes in product bubble distribution not Uniform and local bubble size is excessive.Also shaft seal for powder, mixes a certain proportion of metal dust and blowing agent powder first, Compacting obtains closely knit prefabrication, is then heat-treated near the fusing point of parent metal, decomposes foaming agent, discharged Gas forces the prefabrication of compacting to be expanded into foam metal, and shaft seal for powder is easily controlled than foam melt method practical operation, But hole size and its uniformity are also bad to be ensured.
Chinese patent 201010587152.8 is related to a kind of preparation method of foamed aluminium, and espespecially one kind need only once steep aluminium Foam can be prepared by the method that a flux foaming of foam aluminum products prepares foamed aluminium, and step includes:Start thermoelectricity stove heat Aluminium is completely melt to 800 DEG C;Toward addition calcium metal in aluminium liquid and stirred when cooling the temperature to 680 DEG C so that the surface of melt Viscosity increase;Dose in melt and stirred so that titantium hydride is uniformly distributed in the melt after titantium hydride is pre-processed, filled Decompose;Mould is heated, melt is put into the mould after Overheating Treatment, the thermal insulation foaming at a temperature of 650 DEG C, Prefabricated component is taken out, air cooling makes high temperature foam melt shape in a mold, and prefabricated component then is taken out into water cooling, you can obtain foam Aluminum products.Foam metal hole size made from this method and its uniformity are also bad to be ensured.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of foam metal material, and the technique for using 3D printing using metal dust can be with Controllable hole size and hole distribution are obtained, the second best in quality foam metal material is obtained, foam metal hole is solved big The problem of small bad guarantee with its uniformity.And hole is distributed and shape can be designed according to the purposes of material and obtain various The foam metal material of performance.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of foam metal material preparation method, using metal dust, foam cells size is prepared using 3D printing technique Adjustable controllable foam metal material is distributed with hole.
Further, the preparation process is as follows:
1) technological design:Initially set up three-dimensional digital-to-analogue and import three-dimensional digital-to-analogue, then three-dimensional digital-to-analogue is layered, and Build processing support;
2) prepare before processing;
3) part is printed, and is specifically included:
(a) powder feeding:Metal dust is sent into print job chamber from surplus powder chamber using scraper;
(b) powdering:Scraper carries out powdering with specific thicknesses;
(c) scraper is retracted:After the completion of powdering, scraper raises 1mm upwards, then retracts powdering original position;
(d) selective laser sintering:Start laser to be sintered the powder completed;
(e) (b), (c), (d) three step are repeated until part prints completion;
(f) excessive powder is reclaimed:After printing is completed, unnecessary powder is recycled;
4) part is post-processed.
Further, the void shape of the foam metal material is tetrahedron, hexahedron, dodecahedron, triangular prism, six ribs Post or ellipse, pore size 0.1-6mm;Or the pore membrane structure of the foam metal material is triangle pore membrane, tetrahedral pore Film, hexahedron pore membrane or dodecahedron pore membrane, pore membrane internal diameter size 0.1-5mm, 0.3-3mm of wall thickness;Or the foam metal The space grid structure of material is spatial triangle truss or space tetrahedron truss.
Further, the metal dust be Cu, Ag, Ti, Zn, Al, stainless steel, Fe and its alloy powder any or A variety of, the particle size range of metal dust is 20 μm -150 μm.
The distribution of foam metal material hole and shape prepared by the inventive method can be designed according to the purposes of material To the foam metal material of various performances, and can solve foams slump in traditional preparation process, produce in foams crack, The problems such as big cavity and thicker bubble-free layer being produced in foams.
Brief description of the drawings
The prism void shape foam aluminium alloy plate schematic diagrames of Fig. 1 six;
The tri-angle-holed film bubble foam titanium alloy schematic diagrames of Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 space truss stainless steel foam plate schematic diagrames.
Embodiment
Below by the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described, but is not meant to present invention guarantor Protect the limitation of scope.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of foam metal material, and specific implementation step is as follows:
1) technological design:Initially set up three-dimensional digital-to-analogue and import three-dimensional digital-to-analogue, then three-dimensional digital-to-analogue is layered, and Build processing support;
2) prepare before processing:
(a) lathe is cleared up:3D printing lathe is cleaned out, it is ensured that free from foreign meter and other metal dusts;
(b) scraper levelness is corrected:Scraper levelness is corrected;
(c) protective gas is poured:Protection gas shielded is poured to continual in 3D printing lathe working chamber;
(d) metal dust is loaded:The powder for needing to print is fitted into 3D printing lathe working chamber;
(e) powder is tentatively paved by hand:Powder is tentatively paved by hand with scoop;
(f) powder is paved automatically:Lathe automatic power spreading function is opened, powder is further paved;
(g) powder level degree is corrected:Levelness to powder is tested and corrected
3) part is printed
(a) powder feeding:Metal dust is sent into print job chamber from surplus powder chamber using scraper;
(b) powdering:Scraper carries out powdering with specific thicknesses;
(c) scraper is retracted:After the completion of powdering, scraper raises 1mm upwards, then retracts powdering original position;
(d) selective laser sintering:Start laser to be sintered the powder completed;
(e) (b), (c), (d) three step are repeated until part prints completion;
(f) excessive powder is reclaimed:After printing is completed, unnecessary powder is recycled;
4) part is post-processed:
(a) polishing:Pincers worker carries out surface polishing to part;
(b) it is heat-treated:Printed part is made annealing treatment;
(c) blast:Destressing blast is carried out to the part after heat treatment;
5) examine:Product inspection is carried out to the part post-processed.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment 1
Foamed Al-allov such as Fig. 1 is prepared, the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of foamed material is set up, void shape is six prisms, and Even distribution, is ready for 20 μm -50 μm of A356 Al alloy powders, is filled with nitrogen to 3D printing lathe and protects, Ran Houjin Row part is printed, after part printing terminates, and polishing is carried out to part, and heat treatment is blown sand, examined.
Embodiment 2
Foam titanium alloy material such as Fig. 2 is prepared, the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue for setting up foamed material is tri-angle-holed membrane structure, and uniformly Distribution, is ready for 50 μm of -100 μm of titanium alloy metal dusts, is filled with nitrogen to 3D printing lathe and protects, then carry out zero Part is printed, after part printing terminates, and polishing is carried out to part, and heat treatment is blown sand, examined.
Embodiment 3
Stainless steel foam alloy material such as Fig. 3 is prepared, the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of foamed material, spatial triangle truss knot is set up Structure, is ready for 100 μm of -150 μm of stainless steel alloy metal dusts, is filled with nitrogen to 3D printing lathe and protects, Ran Houjin Row part is printed, after part printing terminates, and polishing is carried out to part, and heat treatment is blown sand, examined.
Furthermore, it is necessary to illustrate, the specific embodiment described in this specification, its each several part title etc. can not Together, the equivalent or simple change that all construction, feature and principles according to described in inventional idea of the present invention are done, is included in the present invention In the protection domain of patent.Those skilled in the art can do various each to described specific embodiment The modification of sample or supplement or using similar mode substitute, without departing from the present invention structure or surmount the claims Defined scope, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of foam metal material preparation method, it is characterised in that:Using metal dust, foam is prepared using 3D printing technique Hole size and hole are distributed adjustable controllable foam metal material.
2. according to claim 1 foam metal material preparation method, it is characterised in that:Specific preparation process is as follows:
1) technological design:Initially set up three-dimensional digital-to-analogue and import three-dimensional digital-to-analogue, then three-dimensional digital-to-analogue is layered, and builds Processing support;
2) prepare before processing;
3) part is printed, and is specifically included:
(a) powder feeding:Metal dust is sent into print job chamber from surplus powder chamber using scraper;
(b) powdering:Scraper carries out powdering with specific thicknesses;
(c) scraper is retracted:After the completion of powdering, scraper raises 1mm upwards, then retracts powdering original position;
(d) selective laser sintering:Start laser to be sintered the powder completed;
(e) (b), (c), (d) three step are repeated until part prints completion;
(f) excessive powder is reclaimed:After printing is completed, unnecessary powder is recycled;
4) part post processing and inspection.
3. according to any one of the claim 1-2 foam metal material preparation methods, it is characterised in that:The foam metal material The void shape of material is tetrahedron, hexahedron, dodecahedron, triangular prism, six prisms or ellipse, pore size 0.1-6mm;Or The pore membrane structure of the foam metal material is triangle pore membrane, tetrahedron pore membrane, hexahedron pore membrane or dodecahedron pore membrane, hole Film internal diameter size 0.1-5mm, 0.3-3mm of wall thickness;Or the space grid structure of the foam metal material is spatial triangle Truss or space tetrahedron truss.
4. according to any one of the claim 1-2 foam metal material preparation methods, it is characterised in that the metal dust is Cu, Ag, Ti, Zn, Al, stainless steel, Fe and its alloy powder it is any or a variety of, the particle size range of metal dust is 20 μ m-150μm。
CN201710377466.7A 2017-05-25 2017-05-25 A kind of foam metal material preparation method Pending CN107225243A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107855529A (en) * 2017-12-23 2018-03-30 安徽金源家居工艺品有限公司 A kind of preparation method of hanging chair stand blister steel
CN110369724A (en) * 2019-07-25 2019-10-25 北京科技大学 A kind of 3D printing preparation method of high intensity, porous structural titanium alloy part
CN111331138A (en) * 2020-02-19 2020-06-26 北京锦灏科技有限公司 Method for preparing foam metal thin-wall composite pipe with controllable filling density gradient
CN111957970A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-20 南昌大学 Porous titanium, preparation method and application thereof
WO2021129552A1 (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Metal matrix composite material and preparation method therefor
WO2023123670A1 (en) * 2021-12-30 2023-07-06 苏州大学 Method for preparing closed-cell steel foam by means of laser additive manufacturing technique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1652377A (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 长沙力元新材料股份有限公司 Special foamed nickel material
WO2006044102A2 (en) * 2004-10-12 2006-04-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Preparation of nanoporous metal foam from high nitrogen transition metal complexes
CN103934415A (en) * 2014-03-11 2014-07-23 宁波通达精密铸造有限公司 Preparation method for foam model used for lost foam casting based on 3D printing
CN104227230A (en) * 2014-07-24 2014-12-24 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 Rapid laser manufacturing method for micropore foamy copper
CN104801704A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-29 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Shape memory alloy material for three-dimensional printing and preparation method of shape memory alloy material
CN105566891A (en) * 2016-02-24 2016-05-11 江苏道勤新材料科技有限公司 TPU-based foam 3D printing material

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1652377A (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 长沙力元新材料股份有限公司 Special foamed nickel material
WO2006044102A2 (en) * 2004-10-12 2006-04-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Preparation of nanoporous metal foam from high nitrogen transition metal complexes
CN103934415A (en) * 2014-03-11 2014-07-23 宁波通达精密铸造有限公司 Preparation method for foam model used for lost foam casting based on 3D printing
CN104227230A (en) * 2014-07-24 2014-12-24 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 Rapid laser manufacturing method for micropore foamy copper
CN104801704A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-29 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Shape memory alloy material for three-dimensional printing and preparation method of shape memory alloy material
CN105566891A (en) * 2016-02-24 2016-05-11 江苏道勤新材料科技有限公司 TPU-based foam 3D printing material

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107855529A (en) * 2017-12-23 2018-03-30 安徽金源家居工艺品有限公司 A kind of preparation method of hanging chair stand blister steel
CN110369724A (en) * 2019-07-25 2019-10-25 北京科技大学 A kind of 3D printing preparation method of high intensity, porous structural titanium alloy part
WO2021129552A1 (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Metal matrix composite material and preparation method therefor
CN111331138A (en) * 2020-02-19 2020-06-26 北京锦灏科技有限公司 Method for preparing foam metal thin-wall composite pipe with controllable filling density gradient
CN111957970A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-20 南昌大学 Porous titanium, preparation method and application thereof
CN111957970B (en) * 2020-08-21 2022-03-11 南昌大学 Porous titanium, preparation method and application thereof
WO2023123670A1 (en) * 2021-12-30 2023-07-06 苏州大学 Method for preparing closed-cell steel foam by means of laser additive manufacturing technique

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Application publication date: 20171003

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