CN107218912B - Three-coordinate measuring machine and measuring method based on expandable support intracavity type positioning - Google Patents
Three-coordinate measuring machine and measuring method based on expandable support intracavity type positioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN107218912B CN107218912B CN201710642584.6A CN201710642584A CN107218912B CN 107218912 B CN107218912 B CN 107218912B CN 201710642584 A CN201710642584 A CN 201710642584A CN 107218912 B CN107218912 B CN 107218912B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-coordinate measuring machine and a measuring method based on expandable support intracavity type positioning, wherein the measuring machine comprises: the measuring head, the moving mechanism, the control device and the cylindrical part positioning part, wherein the cylindrical part positioning part comprises a mandrel and expansion positioning mechanisms symmetrically arranged at the left end and the right end of the mandrel; the expansion positioning mechanism comprises an expansion limiting sleeve which is fixedly arranged on the mandrel, the expansion limiting sleeve comprises a circumferential side wall which is opened outwards, and the circumferential side wall is annular and is coaxial with the mandrel; the movable limiting sleeve is driven to move forward and backward along the axial direction of the mandrel, and the circumferential side wall with an inward opening is arranged on the expansion limiting sleeve; the circumferential side wall can be inserted into the circumferential side wall in a matching way; the expansion part comprises an arc surface protrusion formed on the outer edge of the circumferential side wall and a notch formed on the circumferential side wall, when the circumferential side wall is inserted into the circumferential side wall, the circumferential side wall expands, the arc surface protrusion and the inner cavity of the cylindrical part are propped, and multiple supporting points are formed to realize positioning. The invention has the advantage of simple positioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical design, in particular to a three-coordinate measuring machine and a measuring method based on expandable support intracavity type positioning.
Background
The tube-shape spare is common mechanical design product, to its diameter, circularity, straightness's geometric dimensions such as straightness that hangs down and form and position tolerance's measurement, generally need measure the location to it with the help of some positioner, the locate mode commonly used can roughly divide into excircle location and inner chamber location two kinds, especially when needs use the inner chamber as the benchmark, when appraising excircle parameter, just need to stabilize the support to the inner chamber, thereby can establish the axis and measure the benchmark, and, when required detection work piece length is great, more need one kind can realize that the positioner of inner chamber fixed measures the location to the tube-shape spare. Therefore, a detection positioning tool is needed to be designed to perform measurement auxiliary positioning on the cylindrical member, so that accurate measurement of each geometric quantity is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-coordinate measuring machine and a measuring method based on expandable support internal cavity type positioning, aiming at the technical defects in the prior art, and the three-coordinate measuring machine and the measuring method can realize auxiliary positioning of the geometric quantity detection of a cylindrical part.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a three coordinate measuring machine based on lumen positioning in an inflatable support, comprising: the measuring head is used for measuring the measured cylindrical part; a moving mechanism that moves the probe; a control device for controlling the moving mechanism; and a cylinder positioning portion for fixing the cylinder;
the cylindrical part positioning part comprises a mandrel and expansion positioning mechanisms symmetrically arranged at the left end and the right end of the mandrel;
the expansion positioning mechanism comprises a positioning device and a positioning device,
the expansion limiting sleeve is fixedly arranged on the mandrel, the middle part of the mandrel is taken as the inner part, the two ends of the mandrel are taken as the outer parts, the expansion limiting sleeve comprises a circumferential side wall with an outward opening, and the circumferential side wall is annular and is coaxially arranged with the mandrel;
the movable limiting sleeve is positioned outside the expansion limiting sleeve and driven to move forward and backward along the axial direction of the mandrel, and a circumferential side wall with an inward opening is arranged on the movable limiting sleeve; the circumferential side wall can be inserted into the circumferential side wall in a matching way;
the expansion part comprises an arc surface protrusion formed on the outer edge of the circumferential side wall and a notch formed on the circumferential side wall, wherein when the circumferential side wall is inserted into the circumferential side wall, the circumferential side wall expands, the arc surface protrusion is supported with the inner cavity of the cylindrical part in a propping manner, and a plurality of supporting points are formed to realize positioning.
Preferably, the cylinder positioning part is arranged at the top end of the marble slab through a V-shaped support frame, the measuring head is arranged at the bottom end of the cross beam, and the cross beam is arranged right above the marble slab through an air floatation guide rail.
Preferably, the notch comprises an inner circular notch and an outer strip-shaped notch which are of an integral structure.
Preferably, a pressure spring is arranged between the movable limiting sleeve and the expansion limiting sleeve and used for pushing the movable limiting sleeve to separate from the expansion limiting sleeve.
Preferably, the movable limiting sleeve is pushed by a locking nut, and the locking nut is in threaded connection with the mandrel.
Preferably, the notches are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side wall in an annular manner, so that the circumferential side wall forms an equidistant petal-shaped structure.
Preferably, the two ends of the mandrel are provided with positioning tip holes for positioning and clamping the mandrel on the V-shaped supporting frame.
Preferably, the dabber is the step shaft, including setting up the interlude in central point, the both ends of interlude are equipped with function section and the working section that the diameter reduces in proper order, the working section is the location utensil, supports on V type supporting rack.
Preferably, the interference setting is put at the functional section in the central point of bloated tight stop collar, and its axial position is restricted by interlude terminal surface, activity stop collar clearance sets up at the functional section.
Preferably, the movable limiting sleeve and the expansion limiting sleeve are both made of bearing steel materials and are subjected to quenching treatment.
Preferably, the outer edge of the movable limiting sleeve is provided with a conical surface, the conical surface comprises a first conical surface at the lower part and a second conical surface at the upper part, the first conical surface is an assembly guide cone and used for guiding, and the second conical surface is a matching cone and used for controlling the axial assembly position.
In another aspect, the positioning method of the three-coordinate measuring machine based on the expandable support cavity type positioning comprises the following steps:
(1) fixedly mounting the expansion limiting sleeve on the mandrel, and sleeving the movable limiting sleeve on the mandrel;
(2) sleeving the cylindrical part, after the positioning expansion position is determined, pushing the movable limiting sleeve into the expansion limiting sleeve, expanding the circumferential side wall outwards, enabling the cambered surface bulge to be abutted against the inner cavity of the cylindrical part, and pushing until the cylindrical part cannot move axially under the action of external force, so that positioning is realized;
(3) positioning and clamping the mandrel on a V-shaped support frame;
(4) the measuring head is driven by the air-floating guide rail to carry out measurement and point collection, and the collected measurement elements are subjected to fitting operation through the control device, so that various geometric dimensions and form and position errors of the cylindrical part are finally obtained.
Preferably, in the step (1), a locking nut is screwed in the outer side of the movable limiting sleeve, and in the step (2), the movable limiting sleeve is pushed by the locking nut.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the expansion limiting sleeve with the arc-surface petal-shaped bulges can realize simultaneous contact positioning of multiple points of the tubular part, so that the tubular part is uniformly stressed, the expansion force can be adjusted by the screwing-in length of the locking nut, the movable limiting sleeve can be quickly rebounded by the pressure spring, the arc-surface bulges are retracted, the tubular part is quickly installed and clamped, and the detection and clamping efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a three coordinate measuring machine.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of the cylinder positioning portion.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mandrel.
Fig. 4 is an external view of the expansion stop collar.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the expansion stop collar.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the conical surface of the outer edge of the movable position-limiting sleeve.
Wherein: 1-mandrel, 2-expansion limiting sleeve, 3-movable limiting sleeve, 4-locking nut, 5-pressure spring, 6-working section, 7-functional section, 8-middle section, 9-cambered surface bulge and 10-notch;
12-marble flat plate, 13-air-float guide rail, 14-beam, 15-measuring head and 16-V-shaped support frame.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present invention discloses a three-coordinate measuring machine based on expandable support intracavity positioning, comprising: a probe 15 for measuring a cylindrical member to be measured; a moving mechanism that moves the probe; a control device for controlling the moving mechanism; and a cylinder positioning portion for fixing the cylinder;
the cylindrical part positioning part is arranged at the top end of the marble flat plate 12 through a V-shaped support frame 16, the measuring head is arranged at the bottom end of a cross beam 14, and the cross beam is arranged at the top end of the marble flat plate through an air floatation guide rail 13;
the cylindrical part positioning part comprises a mandrel 1 and expansion positioning mechanisms symmetrically arranged at the left end and the right end of the mandrel 1;
the expansion positioning mechanism comprises a positioning device and a positioning device,
the expansion limiting sleeve 2 is fixedly arranged on the mandrel 1, the middle of the mandrel 1 is taken as the inside, the two ends of the mandrel are taken as the outside, the expansion limiting sleeve 2 comprises a circumferential side wall which is opened outwards, and the circumferential side wall is annular and is coaxial with the mandrel 1;
the movable limiting sleeve 3 is positioned on the outer side of the expansion limiting sleeve 2 and driven to move back and forth along the axial direction of the mandrel 1, and the movable limiting sleeve 3 is provided with a circumferential side wall which is opened inwards; the circumferential side wall can be inserted into the circumferential side wall in a matching way;
and the expansion part comprises an arc-shaped bulge 9 formed on the outer edge of the circumferential side wall and a notch 10 formed on the circumferential side wall.
The movable limiting sleeve 3 and the expansion limiting sleeve 2 are both made of bearing steel materials and are subjected to quenching treatment. Improving the hardness and increasing the wear resistance.
Most preferably, the notch 10 comprises an inner circular notch and an outer strip-shaped notch which are integrally formed, and the arrangement of the notches facilitates quick expansion and retraction of the circumferential side wall.
Most preferably, a pressure spring 5 is arranged between the movable limiting sleeve 3 and the expansion limiting sleeve 2, and the pressure spring 5 is used for pushing the movable limiting sleeve 3 to be separated from the expansion limiting sleeve 2. Due to the arrangement of the pressure spring 5, the movable limiting sleeve 3 rebounds quickly, the cambered surface protrusion 9 is retracted quickly, and the cylindrical part can be detached conveniently.
Most preferably, the movable limiting sleeve 3 is pushed by a locking nut 4, and the locking nut 4 is in threaded connection with the mandrel 1. When the locking nut 4 is screwed inwards, the movable limiting sleeve 3 can be stably pushed, and after the locking nut 4 is screwed with the external thread of the mandrel 1, the movable limiting sleeve 3 is pushed to feed along the axial direction along with the continuous screwing of the locking nut 4 and the external thread of the mandrel 1, so that the petal-shaped cambered surface bulges 9 of the expansion limiting sleeve 2 are outwards expanded, the cylindrical part is expanded, and meanwhile, the movable limiting sleeve 3 enables the pressure spring 5 to be compressed; when the locking nut 4 returns, the pressure spring 5 rebounds, the movable limiting sleeve 3 returns, the expanding limiting sleeve 2 is retracted through the petal-shaped cambered surface protrusions 9, and the cylindrical part can be taken down.
Most preferably, the outer side of the outer edge of the movable limiting sleeve 3 is provided with a conical surface. So that the movable stop collar 3 can be smoothly inserted into the expansion stop collar 2. The outer edge outer side conical surface of the movable limiting sleeve comprises two sections of conical surfaces, an assembly guide cone located at the lower portion and a matching cone located at the upper portion, the assembly guide cone is used for guiding, and the matching cone is used for controlling the axial assembly position.
Most preferably, the notches are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side wall in an annular shape, so that the circumferential side wall can form an equidistant petal-shaped structure. The multi-point simultaneous contact positioning of the cylindrical part can be realized, the stress of the cylindrical part is uniform, and the expansion force can be adjusted by the screwing-in length of the locking nut.
Most preferably, the two ends of the mandrel 1 are provided with positioning tip holes for positioning and clamping the mandrel 1 on a V-shaped supporting frame, the mandrel 1 is ground and processed with high precision, the positioning tip holes meeting the national standard are processed on the two end surfaces, after the processing is finished, the positioning tip holes at the two ends are positioned and clamped on the V-shaped supporting frame of the three-coordinate measuring machine, and the radial runout of each diameter section is measured and is smaller than 0.01 mm.
Most preferably, the mandrel 1 is a stepped shaft and comprises a middle section 8 arranged at the center, the two ends of the middle section are provided with a functional section 7 and a working section 6, the diameters of the functional section and the working section are sequentially reduced, and the working section 6 is a positioning tool and is supported on a V-shaped supporting frame. The working section 6 is provided with a thread section for screwing the locking nut 4 to realize the positioning of the tool, the center position of the expansion limiting sleeve 2 is arranged in the functional section in an interference manner, the axial position of the expansion limiting sleeve is limited by the end surface of the middle section, and the clearance of the movable limiting sleeve 3 is arranged in the functional section.
In another aspect, the positioning method of the three-coordinate measuring machine based on the expandable support cavity type positioning comprises the following steps:
(1) the expansion limiting sleeve is fixedly arranged on the mandrel 1, and the movable limiting sleeve 3 is sleeved on the mandrel 1.
(2) The barrel-shaped part is sleeved, after the positioning expansion position is determined, the movable limiting sleeve 3 is pushed into the expansion limiting sleeve, the circumferential side wall expands outwards, the cambered surface bulge 9 abuts against the inner cavity of the barrel-shaped part, and the barrel-shaped part is pushed until the barrel-shaped part cannot move axially under the action of external force, so that positioning is realized.
(3) Positioning and clamping the mandrel 1 on a V-shaped support frame;
(4) the measuring head is driven by the air-floating guide rail to carry out measurement and point collection, and the collected measurement elements are subjected to fitting operation through the control device, so that various geometric dimensions and form and position errors of the cylindrical part are finally obtained. The whole measuring process forms a special measuring program through programming, and the program is operated to automatically finish measurement.
Most preferably, the two expansion limiting sleeves 2 are assembled with the mandrel 1 in an interference manner, the middle section 8 end face of the mandrel 1 is axially limited, the two compression springs 5 are respectively sleeved on the two expansion limiting sleeves 3, the two ends of each movable limiting sleeve are screwed into the locking nuts 4 after the mandrel 1 is sleeved with the two movable limiting sleeves 3, the screwing positions are based on the fact that the cambered protrusions 9 of the expansion limiting sleeves 2 do not stretch outwards, the cylindrical part is sleeved, the locking nuts 4 are screwed in respectively after the positioning expansion positions are determined, the cylindrical part cannot move axially under the action of external force until the cylindrical part cannot move axially, and finally the positioned cylindrical part is placed on the V-shaped support frame, so that the geometric quantity detection of the cylindrical part can be carried out.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A three coordinate measuring machine based on cavity location in an inflatable support, comprising: the measuring head is used for measuring the measured cylindrical part; a moving mechanism that moves the probe; a control device for controlling the moving mechanism; and a cylinder positioning portion for fixing the cylinder;
the cylindrical part positioning part comprises a mandrel and expansion positioning mechanisms symmetrically arranged at the left end and the right end of the mandrel;
the expansion positioning mechanism comprises a positioning device and a positioning device,
the expansion limiting sleeve is fixedly arranged on the mandrel, the middle part of the mandrel is taken as the inner part, the two ends of the mandrel are taken as the outer parts, the expansion limiting sleeve comprises a circumferential side wall with an outward opening, and the circumferential side wall is annular and is coaxially arranged with the mandrel;
the movable limiting sleeve is positioned outside the expansion limiting sleeve and driven to move forward and backward along the axial direction of the mandrel, and a circumferential side wall with an inward opening is arranged on the movable limiting sleeve; the circumferential side wall can be inserted into the circumferential side wall in a matching way; the outer side of the outer edge of the movable limiting sleeve is provided with a conical surface, the conical surface comprises a first conical surface positioned at the lower part and a second conical surface positioned at the upper part, the first conical surface is an assembly guide cone and used for guiding, and the second conical surface is a matching cone and used for controlling the axial assembly position;
the expansion part comprises an arc surface bulge formed on the outer edge of the circumferential side wall and a notch formed on the circumferential side wall, wherein when the circumferential side wall is inserted into the circumferential side wall, the circumferential side wall expands, and the arc surface bulge is propped against the inner cavity of the cylindrical part to form multiple supporting points to realize positioning;
the mandrel is a stepped shaft and comprises a middle section arranged at the central position, the two ends of the middle section are provided with a functional section and a working section, the diameters of the functional section and the working section are sequentially reduced, the working section is a positioning tool and is supported on a V-shaped supporting frame, the central position of the expansion limiting sleeve is arranged at the functional section in an interference manner, the axial position of the expansion limiting sleeve is limited by the end surface of the middle section, and the gap of the movable limiting sleeve is arranged at the functional section;
and two ends of the mandrel are provided with positioning tip holes for positioning and clamping the mandrel on the V-shaped supporting frame.
2. The inflatable support internal cavity positioning based three-coordinate measuring machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylinder positioning part is arranged on the top end of the marble slab through a V-shaped support frame, the measuring head is arranged on the bottom end of a cross beam, and the cross beam is arranged right above the marble slab through an air floatation guide rail.
3. The inflatable support cavity positioning based three-coordinate measuring machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a compression spring is provided between the movable stop collar and the expansion stop collar for pushing the movable stop collar to disengage from the expansion stop collar.
4. The inflatable support internal cavity positioning based three coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1 wherein the movable stop collar is advanced by a lock nut that is threadably coupled to the mandrel.
5. The inflatable support internal cavity positioning based three coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1 wherein the notch comprises an inner circular notch and an outer strip notch of unitary construction.
6. The inflatable support internal cavity positioning based three-coordinate measuring machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the notches are evenly distributed on the circumferential side wall in a ring shape, so that the circumferential side wall forms an equidistant petal-shaped structure.
7. The method of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) fixedly mounting the expansion limiting sleeve on the mandrel, and sleeving the movable limiting sleeve on the mandrel;
(2) sleeving the cylindrical part, after the positioning expansion position is determined, pushing the movable limiting sleeve into the expansion limiting sleeve, expanding the circumferential side wall outwards, enabling the cambered surface bulge to be abutted against the inner cavity of the cylindrical part, and pushing until the cylindrical part cannot move axially under the action of external force, so that positioning is realized;
(3) positioning and clamping the mandrel on a V-shaped support frame;
(4) the measuring head is driven by the air-floating guide rail to carry out measurement and point collection, and the collected measurement elements are subjected to fitting operation through the control device, so that various geometric dimensions and form and position errors of the cylindrical part are finally obtained.
8. The measuring method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), a locking nut is screwed in the outer side of the movable stop collar, and in the step (2), the movable stop collar is pushed in by the locking nut.
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| CN201710642584.6A CN107218912B (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Three-coordinate measuring machine and measuring method based on expandable support intracavity type positioning |
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| CN201710642584.6A CN107218912B (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Three-coordinate measuring machine and measuring method based on expandable support intracavity type positioning |
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| CN107218912B true CN107218912B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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| CN109596037B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-07-17 | 嘉兴学院 | Manipulator isolating ring detection mechanism and detection method |
| CN117367337B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-20 | 太原中金天威不锈钢管股份有限公司 | Stainless steel pipe size measuring device and method based on machine vision |
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