CN107218186B - Energy collector based on road deceleration - Google Patents

Abstract

An oil port of a hydraulic cylinder I used for collecting the vertical movement energy of a bearing is connected with front and rear oil ports of a hydraulic cylinder III with small diameter and large stroke through a hose I, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder III is connected with a rack I positioned on the left side of the piston rod; an oil port of a hydraulic cylinder II used for collecting the motion energy of the vehicle in the horizontal direction is connected with a front oil port and a rear oil port of a hydraulic cylinder IV with small diameter and large stroke through a hose II, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder IV is connected with a rack II positioned on the right of the piston rod, and then the rotation of an engine rotor is converted through a gear set meshed with the rack II. The automobile energy recovery device can effectively recover kinetic energy and potential energy in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction when an automobile is pressed through the deceleration strip, and drive the power generation device to perform energy conversion, and has the characteristic of high energy recovery efficiency.

Description

An energy harvester based on road deceleration

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy recovery, and particularly relates to a vehicle road deceleration energy recovery device.

Background technique

With the rapid increase in the number of private cars in cities and the continuous development of national highway planning and construction, the issue of highway power supply has received more and more widespread attention. Many remote areas on the highway use agricultural power supplies and have poor power supply conditions, such as large voltage fluctuations and frequent power outages. At the same time, environmental factors are changeable, such as high humidity in the cave, large temperature differences in winter, and severe disturbances especially during thunderstorm seasons. In addition, agricultural power supplies also have problems such as weak technical strength and poor maintenance capabilities. Therefore, highway power supply is often limited by distance, terrain, weather and other conditions. The power grid is not stable and reliable enough, and power supply failures often occur. Staff rush to the fault site, and it usually takes a while to diagnose, analyze, and troubleshoot the fault. Providing power supply during the fault has also become an urgent problem to be solved. Considering the utilization of road energy, vehicle kinetic energy recovery will play an important role in reducing energy consumption. In their long evolution and development, kinetic energy harvesting systems can be divided into three categories based on their working principles: piezoelectric, mechanical and electromagnetic designs.

Piezoelectric design is fully developed, and its structure is reasonable and construction is reliable. However, due to their very low power density and voltage, most piezoelectric solutions only supply micro-electromechanical systems, making it difficult to realize large-scale power supply.

The mechanical design efficiency is high, but the device size is also large, and the impact caused by the intermittency and uncertainty of road vehicle excitation will reduce the service life and is not conducive to the installation and maintenance of the device.

The electromagnetic design device is simple, moderate in size, stable in use, high in power generation efficiency, and easy to install and maintain. It is an ideal design among energy recovery devices.

According to the search, there are currently existing deceleration power generation devices, such as the Chinese patent with patent number CN201520817816.3 titled "An energy conversion device for energy recovery in road speed reduction belts". This device is connected with multiple hydraulic cylinders in parallel and is driven by a piston rod. The hydraulic oil in the extrusion cylinder compresses the return spring, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the lower chamber is input into the accumulator. When the pressure reaches the set value, the high-pressure oil is released to drive the hydraulic motor to rotate and generate electricity. However, considering that the accumulator will release the stored pressure when the external pressure is lower than a fixed value, when the device is restored, the pressure in the accumulator is already higher than the external pressure, and the stored pressure energy will be released, and The pressure required for the rotation of a hydraulic motor is high. In fact, in many cases the required pressure cannot be reached, resulting in a large loss of stored energy and low power generation efficiency. Only the gravitational potential energy of the car in the vertical direction is collected, but the energy of the car's lateral impact on the speed bump is not collected.

Another example is the Chinese patent No. CN102678492 B titled “An energy recovery power generation system for speed bumps in highway toll stations”. This patent is connected to the sector gear through a vertical connecting rod on the leaf spring under the speed bump, and then the sector gear Transmission with ratchet mechanism generates electricity. However, all the mechanical devices of this device are located below the ground. The space required for installation is too large, the construction cost is high, lubrication is difficult to achieve, and the maintenance cost is high. Beyond this, the energy of the car's lateral impact on the speed bump is still not captured.

In view of the above situation, it is necessary to develop a new speed bump energy recovery and utilization device that is simple in structure, safe and reliable, and can collect the horizontal and vertical energy of the speed bump.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy collector based on road deceleration, which can effectively realize energy recovery in the horizontal and vertical directions when a car passes over a deceleration belt, and can drive a power generation device for energy conversion.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an energy collector based on road deceleration, the oil port of a hydraulic cylinder used to collect the vertical motion energy of the vehicle is connected to a hydraulic cylinder with a small diameter and a large stroke through a hose. The front and rear oil ports of hydraulic cylinder three are connected, and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder three is connected to rack one located on the left side of the piston rod; the oil port of hydraulic cylinder two, which is used to collect the horizontal motion energy of the vehicle, is connected to the small diameter large hydraulic cylinder through hose two. The front and rear oil ports of the stroke hydraulic cylinder four are connected. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder four is connected to the rack two located on the right side of the piston rod. The above-mentioned rack one is parallel to the rack two; the gear one meshes with the rack one, and the gear one meshes with the rack one. Gear five is coaxial with gear six, gear six meshes with gear five, gear seven meshes with gear six, gear nine is coaxial with gear seven, gear eight meshes with gear nine, the rotor of the generator is installed on the shaft of gear eight, and gear four It meshes with rack number two, and gear number six is coaxial with gear number four;

The above-mentioned gear one, gear two, gear three and gear four are respectively installed on the corresponding shafts through one-way one-way bearing one, one-way bearing two, one-way bearing three and one-way bearing four, and one-way bearing one; and one-way bearing Bearing three is in a locked state when rotating clockwise and realizes shaft transmission. When rotating counterclockwise, it is in a free rotating state and cannot realize shaft transmission. One-way bearing two and one-way bearing four are in a free rotating state when rotating clockwise. Shaft transmission cannot be realized, and it is locked when rotating counterclockwise to realize shaft transmission; a compression spring 1 is provided below the piston in the first hydraulic cylinder, and a compression spring 2 is provided below the piston in the second hydraulic cylinder.

The fifth gear and the seventh gear are respectively located on the left and right sides of the gear six.

The rack one is fixed on the guide rail one, the guide rail one is in sliding fit with the guide rail seat, the rack two is fixed on the guide rail two, the guide rail two is in sliding fit with the other guide rail seat; the upper surfaces of the above two guide rail seats have a cross-sectional shape of The convex edge of an inverted equilateral trapezoid.

The models of the one-way bearings one, two, three and four are selected from the CSK series one-way bearings.

This solution is innovatively designed and uses a combination of hydraulic cylinders, differential connection speed-increasing devices, one-way bearings and generators to achieve energy collection and conversion.

When a vehicle passes through a speed bump, the impact of the wheels on the speed bump is decomposed into two directions: horizontal and vertical. The impact in the horizontal direction is transmitted to the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, pushing the piston of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to squeeze the hydraulic oil and compress the spring. The hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic cylinder connected to the rack through the pipeline, pushing the piston rod to extend outward. The vertical impact is transmitted to the vertical hydraulic cylinder, pushing the vertical hydraulic cylinder piston to squeeze the hydraulic oil and compress the spring. The hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic cylinder connected to the rack through the pipe, pushing the piston rod to extend outward, thereby pushing The rack motion, after a series of gear increases, finally transmits the motion to the rotor shaft of the generator. The reciprocating motion of the rack is transmitted to the gear that matches the rack. The clockwise rotation of the gear is transmitted to the shaft through the one-way bearing whose clockwise rotation is positive. The counterclockwise rotation of the gear is transmitted through the one-way bearing whose counterclockwise rotation is positive. One-way bearings are transferred to the shaft.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. It adopts hydraulic transmission and does not require additional lubricating oil. Under the same power conditions, it is light in weight and small in size, so it has small inertia and fast response speed, and can achieve frequent commutation.

2. Using two-stage hydraulic transmission, the speed increase is achieved during the transmission process. The deceleration belt has small vibration amplitude and large torque. The transmission ratio of the single-stage transmission is too large and the transmission efficiency is low. The large-diameter short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is connected in series with the small-diameter large-stroke hydraulic cylinder to reduce the force, increase the stroke and speed up the speed. , combined with multi-stage gear transmission, ultimately achieving a match between the output torque and the generator's rated power and small torque.

3. Use one-way bearings to convert the two-way motion of the input rack into one-way input, ensuring that the motor rotor rotation remains consistent during the system's rapid reversal execution, thereby avoiding the forced requirement of the rack's sudden reversal. The impact caused by the instantaneous reversal of the generator rotor shaft extends the service life of the generator.

4. Two pairs of one-way bearings are used together to couple motions that occur in two directions at the same time but with different durations, without the need for additional equipment to collect energy in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively.

5. The small diameter and large stroke hydraulic cylinder adopts differential connection, which doubles the movement speed, reduces the general transmission ratio for subsequent gear transmission, reduces the use of gears, and reduces costs.

6. In the actual production and application process, the gear rotation inertia is large, and sudden reversal has a great impact on the gear. The gear steering is consistent at the transmission input end, eliminating the need for subsequent large gear reversal and extending the service life of the product. Reduce maintenance costs.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 is an internal structural diagram of the hydraulic cylinder that collects energy in the vertical direction shown in Figure 2 .

Figure 4 is an internal structural diagram of the hydraulic cylinder that collects energy in the horizontal direction shown in Figure 1 .

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the four gears with one-way bearings and the gear transmission group in Figure 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Figures 1 and 2 show this energy collector. The oil port of hydraulic cylinder 1, which is used to collect the vertical motion energy of the bearing, is connected to the front and rear oil ports of hydraulic cylinder 328 with small diameter and large stroke through hose 130. , the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder three 28 is connected to the rack one 6 located on the left side of the piston rod; the hydraulic cylinder two 19 is used to collect the horizontal motion energy of the vehicle (the speed bump is pressed on the piston rods of hydraulic cylinders one and two) The oil port is connected to the front and rear oil ports of the small diameter and large stroke hydraulic cylinder 21 through the hose 22. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected to the rack 2 17 located on the right side of the piston rod. The rack 1 6 Parallel to rack two 17; gear one 5 meshes with rack one 6, gear five 9 is coaxial with gear one 5, gear six 10 meshes with gear five 9, gear seven 15 meshes with gear six 10, gear nine 14 meshes with gear Seven 15 is coaxial, gear eight 11 meshes with gear nine 14, the rotor of generator 12 is installed on the shaft of gear eight 11, gear four 13 meshes with rack two 17. Alternatively, the rotor shaft of the generator 12 is the shaft of the gear 11 . Gear six 10 is coaxial with gear four 13;

The above-mentioned gear one 5, gear two 3, gear three 7 and gear four 13 are respectively installed on the corresponding shafts through one-way bearing three 8 and one-way bearing four 16, and one-way bearing one 4; and one-way bearing three 8 are in the same direction. When the hour hand rotates, it is in a locked state and shaft transmission is realized. When it rotates counterclockwise, it is in a free rotation state and shaft transmission cannot be realized. One-way bearing 2 and one-way bearing four 16 are in a free rotation state when they rotate clockwise and cannot be realized. Shaft transmission is in a locked state when turning counterclockwise to achieve shaft transmission. The above-mentioned gear is installed on the shaft through the one-way bearing, which means that the gear is installed on the outer ring of the one-way bearing, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fixed on the shaft. In Figure 1 and Figure 2, 18 is the guide rail slider, 24 is the bottom plate, 25 is the bearing seat (to install the gear shaft), and 29 is the deceleration belt. The bottom surface of the deceleration belt 29 is pressed against the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder one 7, and the front side of the deceleration belt 29 is pressed against the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder two 19. Gear five 9 and gear seven 15 are located on the left and right sides of gear six 10 respectively. The first rack 6 is fixed on the guide rail 20, the guide rail 20 is in sliding fit with the guide rail seat, the second rack 17 is fixed on the second guide rail 27, the second guide rail 27 is in sliding fit with the other guide rail seat; the upper surfaces of the above two guide rail seats are evenly spaced. There are convex ribs whose cross-sectional shape is an inverted equilateral trapezoid. There is an inverted equilateral trapezoidal opening on the guide rail, which matches the convex rib on the guide rail seat. The models of one-way bearings one, two, three and four are selected from the CSK series one-way bearings. The specific model is CSK12.

Pressure generation process:

The first rack 6 and the second rack 17 are connected to the piston rods of the small diameter large stroke hydraulic cylinder three 28 and the hydraulic cylinder four 21 respectively. When the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 421 extends outward, it pushes rack 217 to move. Viewed from the left side of the overall structure diagram, gear 37 and gear 413 rotate counterclockwise. At this time, due to the closure of one-way bearing 416, the one-way Bearing three 8 separates, and the motion of gear four 13 is transmitted to shaft two 26, and then rotates counterclockwise through gear six 10, gear seven 15 rotates clockwise, gear nine 14 rotates clockwise, and gear eight 11 rotates counterclockwise, and is finally transmitted to the power generation Machine rotor shaft. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder three 28 extends outward, it pushes the rack one 6 to move. Viewed from the left side of the overall structure diagram, the gear one 5 and the gear two 3 rotate clockwise. At this time, because the one-way bearing one 4 is closed, the one-way Bearing two 2 separates, and the motion of gear one 5 is transmitted to shaft one 23, and then gear five 9 rotates clockwise, gear six 10 rotates counterclockwise, gear seven 15 rotates clockwise, gear nine 14 rotates clockwise, and gear eight 11 rotates counterclockwise. The clockwise rotation is finally transmitted to the generator 12 rotor shaft to rotate counterclockwise.

Reply process:

As mentioned before, when the car impacts, the spring compresses and stores elastic potential energy. When the external load disappears, the spring one 31 and the spring two 32 in the hydraulic cylinder one 1 and the hydraulic cylinder two 19 recover (see Figure 3 and Figure 4), The pistons of hydraulic cylinder one 1 and hydraulic cylinder two 19 are pushed to move, and the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil chamber. While the hydraulic oil returns, the pistons of the small diameter large stroke hydraulic cylinder three 28 and the hydraulic cylinder four 21 return to the initial state. Observed from the left side of the overall structure diagram, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder four 21 shrinks back, driving rack two 17 to move to the left, gear three 7 and gear four 13 rotate clockwise. At this time, due to the closure of one-way bearing three 8 , the one-way bearing four 16 separates, the motion of the gear three 7 is transmitted to the shaft one 23, and then the gear five 9 rotates clockwise, the gear six 10 rotates counterclockwise, the gear seven 15 rotates clockwise, the gear nine 14 rotates clockwise, and the gear 9 rotates clockwise. Eight 11 rotates counterclockwise, and is ultimately transmitted to the generator rotor shaft to rotate counterclockwise. The piston rod of hydraulic cylinder three 28 retracts. When viewed from the left side of the overall structure diagram, it drives rack one 6 to move to the right. Gear one 5 and gear two 3 rotate counterclockwise. At this time, one-way bearing two 2 is closed. One-way bearing one 4 separates, and the motion of gear two 3 is transmitted to shaft two 26. Gear six 10 rotates counterclockwise, gear seven 15 rotates clockwise, gear nine 14 rotates clockwise, and gear eight 11 rotates counterclockwise, and is finally transmitted to the power generation The rotor shaft rotates counterclockwise.

All the one-way bearings mentioned above can be replaced by internal meshing ratchet-pawl overrunning clutches.

Claims (2)

1. An energy collector based on road deceleration, characterized in that the oil port of the hydraulic cylinder one (1) used to collect the vertical movement energy of the vehicle passes through the hose one (30) and the hydraulic cylinder three with a small diameter and a large stroke. The front and rear oil ports of (28) are connected, and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder three (28) is connected to rack one (6) located on the left side of the piston rod; hydraulic cylinder two (19) is used to collect the horizontal motion energy of the vehicle. The oil port is connected to the front and rear oil ports of the small diameter and large stroke hydraulic cylinder four (21) through the hose two (22). The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder four (21) is connected to the rack two (21) located on the right side of the piston rod. 17) connection, the above-mentioned rack one (6) is parallel to the rack two (17); the gear one (5) meshes with the rack one (6), the gear five (9) is coaxial with the gear one (5), and the gear six (10) meshes with gear five (9), gear seven (15) meshes with gear six (10), gear nine (14) is coaxial with gear seven (15), gear eight (11) meshes with gear nine (14) , the rotor of the generator (12) is installed on the shaft of gear eight (11), gear four (13) meshes with rack two (17), gear six (10) is coaxial with gear four (13); The above-mentioned gear one (5), gear two (3), gear three (7), and gear four (13) are respectively passed through one-way bearing one (4), one-way bearing two (2), one-way bearing three (8), One-way bearing four (16) is installed on the corresponding shaft, and one-way bearing one (4); and one-way bearing three (8) are in a locked state when rotating clockwise to achieve shaft transmission, and are in a locked state when rotating counterclockwise. The two one-way bearings (2) and one-way bearing four (16) are in a free-rotating state and cannot realize shaft transmission when they rotate clockwise, and they are in a locked state when they rotate counterclockwise. shaft drive; A compression spring (31) is provided below the piston in the first hydraulic cylinder (1), and a compression spring (32) is provided below the piston in the second hydraulic cylinder (19); The gear five (9) and the gear seven (15) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the gear six (10); The rack one (6) is fixed on the guide rail one (20), the guide rail one (20) is slidingly matched with the guide rail seat, the rack two (17) is fixed on the guide rail two (27), and the guide rail two (27) is connected with the other guide rail. A guide rail base is slidably fitted. 2. The energy collector based on road deceleration according to claim 1, characterized in that the models of the one-way bearings one, two, three and four are selected from the CSK series one-way bearings.